A way to achieve low NO x swirl combustion device for emissions

Abstract

This invention provides a method for achieving low NO x The emission swirl combustion device includes: a low-temperature pyrolysis zone, a swirl premixing chamber, a high-temperature catalytic zone, and an exhaust gas emitter arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. The top of the low-temperature pyrolysis zone is connected to the bottom of the swirl premixing chamber, the top of the swirl premixing chamber is connected to the bottom of the high-temperature catalytic zone, and the top of the high-temperature catalytic zone is connected to the bottom of the exhaust gas emitter. The low-temperature pyrolysis zone is used to pre-pyrolyze the input combustible ammonia-mixed gas. The swirl premixing chamber is used to generate swirling gas and create a reflux zone within the high-temperature catalytic zone. The high-temperature catalytic zone is used to catalyze the combustion flame within the flow channel and on its walls. The exhaust gas emitter is used to discharge the exhaust gas after combustion. By combining catalytic pre-pyrolysis and catalytic combustion, a low-NOx emission is achieved. x The combustion burner structure reduces NO. x Emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of burner technology, specifically to a method for achieving low NO content. x The exhaust swirl combustion device. Background Technology

[0002] Ammonia, as a carbon-free, hydrogen-rich clean fuel, produces no carbon in its combustion products, meeting the requirements for clean combustion. However, because ammonia contains a high proportion of nitrogen, its combustion emits a large amount of NO. x This causes environmental pollution problems such as acid rain and photochemical smog.

[0003] Catalytic combustion is a highly efficient and environmentally friendly low-NOx combustion process. x The combustion method can improve the nitrogen selectivity of the combustion exhaust gas by reducing the reaction activation energy, thereby achieving low NO content in ammonia combustion. x Emission performance. The patent "A graded catalytic ammonia fuel combustion test device and test method" uses catalysis in the combustion chamber. Due to the low reactivity of ammonia, the arrangement of the catalytic structure can easily lead to flame quenching of ammonia combustion and ammonia escape.

[0004] Foam ceramics possess disordered porous characteristics. Arranging foam ceramics within airflow channels ensures sufficient contact between the airflow and the solid wall surface. Furthermore, foam ceramics made of materials such as zirconia and alumina exhibit high-temperature resistance, ensuring structural integrity even under the high-temperature environment of the combustion chamber, making them excellent catalyst carriers. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of this specification provide a method for achieving low NO x The swirl combustion device is designed to achieve high NO emissions from ammonia / ammonia-blended fuel combustion. x To address emissions issues, catalytic pre-cracking and catalytic combustion technologies will be combined to produce low-NOx emissions. x The combustion chamber structure, in conjunction with the intake swirl channel, forms a complete low-carbon fuel premixed swirl burner.

[0006] The embodiments in this specification provide the following technical solutions: A way to achieve low NO x The emission swirl combustion device includes: The low-temperature pyrolysis zone, the swirl premixing chamber, the high-temperature catalytic zone, and the exhaust gas emitter are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. The top of the low-temperature pyrolysis zone is connected to the bottom of the swirl premixing chamber, the top of the swirl premixing chamber is connected to the bottom of the high-temperature catalytic zone, and the top of the high-temperature catalytic zone is connected to the bottom of the exhaust gas emitter. The low-temperature pyrolysis zone is used to pre-pyrolyze the input combustible ammonia-blended gas mixture; The swirl premixing chamber is used to generate swirling gas and create a reflux zone within the high-temperature catalytic zone; The high-temperature catalytic zone is used to catalyze the combustion flame inside the flow channel and on the wall surface; Exhaust gas emitters are used to discharge exhaust gases after combustion.

[0007] Furthermore, the low-temperature pyrolysis zone includes a bottom premixing chamber and a pre-pyrolysis catalyst plate; The bottom premixing chamber is located at the bottom of the swirl combustion device and is used to uniformly mix the incoming fuel gas and air; The swirl premixing chamber includes an upper premixing chamber; The pre-crack catalyst plate is positioned between the bottom premix chamber and the upper premix chamber and is used for the pre-cracking of ammonia.

[0008] Furthermore, the pre-decomposition catalyst plate is a porous foam ceramic structure, with the first catalyst loaded on the surface of the pores of the porous foam ceramic structure, and catalyst plate sealing gaskets are provided above and below the pre-decomposition catalyst plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom premix chamber includes: Premixed airflow inlet, through hole below the bottom premixing chamber and through hole above the bottom premixing chamber; The premixed airflow inlet is welded to the bottom premixing chamber; The bottom premixing chamber is connected to the experimental platform through a through hole at the bottom of the bottom premixing chamber, and the bottom premixing chamber is connected to the upper premixing chamber through a through hole at the top of the bottom premixing chamber. The upper premixing chamber includes a flow equalization column and a cyclone separator; The flow equalization column is positioned between the pre-cracked catalyst plate and the hydrocyclone. The cyclone separator is located at the outlet of the upper premixing chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the swirl premixing chamber also includes a premixing chamber top cover; The premix chamber top cover includes a premix chamber top cover fixing threaded hole and a premix chamber top cover groove; The upper premixing chamber also includes a through hole above the upper premixing chamber; The upper premixing chamber is connected to the premixing chamber top cover through a fixed threaded hole and a through hole above the upper premixing chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-temperature catalytic zone includes a combustion chamber sealing baffle, a combustion chamber side baffle, and a combustion chamber catalytic plate; The combustion chamber is formed by the sealing baffle and the side baffle of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber catalyst plate is set in the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber catalyst plate is a porous foam ceramic structure, and the second catalyst is loaded on the surface of the pores of the porous foam ceramic structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-temperature catalytic zone also includes a combustion chamber catalytic coating; The catalytic coating for the combustion chamber is applied to the inside of the combustion chamber side baffle.

[0013] Furthermore, the combustion chamber side baffle includes: Ignition hole, combustion chamber fixing threaded hole, combustion chamber sealing groove and catalyst plate placement cavity; The ignition port is located on the side baffle of the combustion chamber and serves as the channel through which the ignition gun extends. The combustion chamber sealing baffle and the combustion chamber side baffle are fixed by the combustion chamber fixing threaded holes; The combustion chamber sealing groove is set on the side wall of the combustion chamber side baffle, and the combustion chamber sealing groove is filled with sealing strips; The catalytic plate placement recess is located inside the combustion chamber side baffle, and the combustion chamber catalytic plate is fixed to the combustion chamber side baffle through the catalytic plate placement recess.

[0014] Furthermore, the exhaust gas emitter includes a top shrink-off cap; The top contraction cap contracts from bottom to top and is used to guide the airflow out. The shrink-fit cover groove is located at the bottom of the top shrink-fit cover, and the exhaust gas emitter is fixed to the top of the high-temperature catalytic zone through the shrink-fit cover groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this specification can achieve include at least: By using a high-temperature catalytic zone to catalyze the combustion flame within the flow channel and on the walls, the catalytic effect of the catalyst on the gas flow is enhanced, reducing NO. x Emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the swirl burner according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the segmented structure of the swirl combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the low-temperature pyrolysis zone and the swirl premixing chamber of the swirl burner according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hydrocyclone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the combustion chamber side baffle according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-temperature catalytic region according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust gas emitter according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 8 This invention relates to a combustion method for reducing NO. X A diagram illustrating the emissions.

[0018] Figure reference numerals: 11. Bottom premixing chamber; 111. Mixed gas inlet; 112. Lower through-hole of bottom premixing chamber; 113. Upper through-hole of bottom premixing chamber; 12. Pre-crack catalyst plate; 121. Catalyst plate sealing gasket; 21. Upper premixing chamber; 211. Flow equalization column; 212. Hydrocyclone; 2121. Hydrocyclone sealing gasket; 213. Lower through-hole of upper premixing chamber; 214. Upper through-hole of upper premixing chamber; 22. Premixed... 221. Premix chamber top cover; 222. Premix chamber top cover fixing threaded hole; 31. Combustion chamber sealing baffle; 311. Combustion chamber fixing through hole; 32. Combustion chamber side baffle; 321. Ignition hole; 322. Combustion chamber fixing threaded hole; 323. Combustion chamber sealing groove; 324. Catalytic plate placement cavity; 33. Combustion chamber catalytic coating; 34. Combustion chamber catalytic plate; 41. Top shrink cap; 411. Shrink cap groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, achieving low NO x The emission swirl combustion device consists of two parts: an intake swirl pre-cracking channel and a catalytic combustion chamber. By setting catalytic layers inside the airflow channel and on its walls, catalytic pre-cracking of the ammonia-blended mixture and catalytic emission reduction of the combustion flame can be achieved, respectively. The swirl combustion device includes a low-temperature cracking zone 1, a swirl premixing chamber 2, a high-temperature catalytic zone 3, and an exhaust gas emitter 4.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the low-temperature pyrolysis zone 1 includes a bottom premixing chamber 11 and a pre-pyrolysis catalyst plate 12, which are used to pre-pyrolyze the input ammonia-blended gas mixture.

[0023] The bottom premixing chamber 11 is located at the bottom of the swirl combustion device and is used to provide an inlet channel for fuel gas and air, and to uniformly mix the two. The bottom premixing chamber 11 includes a premixed gas inlet 111, a lower through hole 112 of the bottom premixing chamber, and an upper through hole 113 of the bottom premixing chamber.

[0024] The premixed gas inlet 111 is a stainless steel pipe of a certain length and standard diameter, which is connected to the bottom premixed chamber 11 by welding to provide an entry channel for fuel gas and air.

[0025] The bottom premixing chamber has a through hole 112 below it, which is composed of through holes evenly arranged in the circumference. The through holes are machined at the corresponding positions on the experimental platform, and the bottom premixing chamber 11 can be fixed to the experimental platform with the help of bolts.

[0026] The through hole 113 above the bottom premixing chamber is composed of through holes evenly arranged in the circumference, and the bottom premixing chamber 11 can be connected to the upper premixing chamber 21 by bolts.

[0027] The pre-crack catalyst plate 12 is a porous foam ceramic structure, placed between the bottom premixing chamber 11 and the upper premixing chamber 21. The catalyst can be loaded onto the surface of the internal pores of the pre-crack catalyst plate 12 through CVD, impregnation, sol-gel method, etc., for the pre-cracking of ammonia. Catalyst plate sealing gaskets 121 are arranged above and below it.

[0028] Foam ceramics possess disordered porous characteristics. Arranging foam ceramics within airflow channels ensures sufficient contact between the airflow and the solid wall surface. Furthermore, foam ceramics made of materials such as zirconia and alumina exhibit high-temperature resistance, ensuring structural integrity even under the high-temperature environment of the combustion chamber, making them excellent catalyst carriers.

[0029] Catalytic plate sealing gasket 121 is placed above and below the pre-decomposition catalytic plate 12 to seal the pipeline and prevent gas from leaking from the connection between the pre-decomposition catalytic plate 12 and the bottom premixing chamber 11 or the upper premixing chamber 21.

[0030] The swirl premixing chamber 2 includes an upper premixing chamber 21 and a premixing chamber top cover 22.

[0031] The upper premixing chamber 21 is used to provide tangential momentum for the axial premixed airflow, form a rotating airflow, create a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber, and improve combustion stability. It includes a flow equalization column 211, a swirler 212, a lower through hole 213 of the upper premixing chamber, and an upper through hole 214 of the upper premixing chamber.

[0032] The flow equalization column 211, placed between the pre-decomposition catalyst plate 12 and the cyclone separator 212, improves the stability of the gas flow. The key design and fabrication of this structure is to ensure that its shape closely matches the solid portion of the cyclone separator 212, allowing the premixed gas flowing from the pre-decomposition catalyst plate 12 to directly enter the cyclone channel axially, preventing the premixed gas from colliding with the central solid portion of the cyclone separator 212 before exiting the cyclone channel. Compared to the condition without the flow equalization column 211, its presence prevents unnecessary radial momentum generation in the cyclone channel, improving the stability of flame combustion.

[0033] The hydrocyclone 212 and the flow equalization column 211 must be used together. The hydrocyclone 212 is placed above the outlet of the upper premixing chamber 21 and is sealed by the hydrocyclone sealing gasket 2121.

[0034] The hydrocyclone used in this patent is an axial hydrocyclone. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a hydrocyclone. The airflow flows from the periphery, with a solid material at the center. Swirl blades are connected radially around the periphery to change the direction of the airflow, giving the premixed incoming flow tangential momentum.

[0035] The hydrocyclone sealing gasket 2121 is made of graphite material, which has certain elasticity and sealing performance. It is placed above and below the hydrocyclone 212. After the upper premixing chamber 21 is connected to the premixing chamber top cover 22, it is deformed by compression to ensure that the graphite material fully fills the placement space, thus forming a seal between the upper premixing chamber 21 and the premixing chamber top cover 22.

[0036] The lower through-hole 213 of the upper premixing chamber is composed of circumferentially evenly arranged through-holes, the position and diameter of which must match the upper through-hole 113 of the lower premixing chamber. The lower premixing chamber 11 and the upper premixing chamber 21 are connected by bolts passing through the upper through-hole 113 of the lower premixing chamber and the lower through-hole 213 of the upper premixing chamber.

[0037] The upper premixing chamber has a through hole 214, which is composed of through holes evenly arranged in the circumference. The upper premixing chamber 21 can be connected to the premixing chamber top cover 22 by bolts.

[0038] The premixing chamber top cover 22 includes a premixing chamber top cover fixing threaded hole 221 and a premixing chamber top cover groove 222.

[0039] The premix chamber top cover is fixed with a threaded hole 221, which is a through threaded hole. Its diameter and position match the through hole 214 on the upper part of the premix chamber. The upper premix chamber 21 and the premix chamber top cover 22 are connected together by bolts from bottom to top.

[0040] The premixing chamber top cover groove 222 is a square groove with a certain width, used to house the combustion chamber. Its width must match the combustion chamber sealing baffle 31 and the combustion chamber side baffle 32, with a certain gap. Inside the groove, a graphite gasket can be placed as needed for sealing between the premixing chamber top cover 22 and the combustion chamber sealing baffle 31 and the combustion chamber side baffle 32.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the high-temperature catalytic zone 3 includes a combustion chamber sealing baffle 31, a combustion chamber side baffle 32, a combustion chamber catalytic coating 33, and a combustion chamber catalytic plate 34; used to catalyze the combustion flame inside the flow channel and on the wall.

[0042] The combustion chamber sealing baffle 31 is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped structure and works in conjunction with the combustion chamber side baffle 32 to seal the combustion space. It has combustion chamber fixing through holes 311 distributed on it.

[0043] The combustion chamber fixing through hole 311 is composed of regularly arranged through holes, mainly distributed on both sides, and is used for fixing between the combustion chamber sealing baffle 31 and the combustion chamber side baffle 32.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the combustion chamber side baffle 32 is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped structure, serving as a sealing structure for the combustion space and also used to arrange structures such as ignition, catalytic plate fixing, and catalytic coating. The combustion chamber side baffle 32 is provided with an ignition hole 321, a combustion chamber fixing threaded hole 322, a combustion chamber sealing groove 323, and a catalytic plate placement cavity 324.

[0045] Ignition hole 321 is a threaded through hole located below the combustion chamber side baffle 32. Before the experiment begins, the ignition gun is inserted through this hole to ignite the flame. After ignition, it is sealed with bolts to prevent outside air from affecting the flame.

[0046] The combustion chamber fixing threaded holes 322 consist of regularly arranged threaded holes of a certain depth, mainly distributed on the combustion chamber side baffle 32, and their positional intervals must match the combustion chamber fixing through holes 311. By using bolts of suitable length, the combustion chamber fixing through holes 311 and the combustion chamber fixing threaded holes 322 can be used to fix the combustion chamber sealing baffle 31 and the combustion chamber side baffle 32.

[0047] The combustion chamber sealing groove 323 is arranged on the side of the combustion chamber side baffle 32 and distributed beside the combustion chamber fixing threaded hole 322, and is used to fill the sealing strip. After the combustion chamber sealing baffle 31 and the combustion chamber side baffle 32 are fixed, the sealing strip is squeezed and deformed by the tightening of bolts to isolate the airflow in the combustion chamber from the external ambient air.

[0048] The catalytic plate placement cavity 324 is a hollow structure and is arranged inside the combustion chamber side baffle 32 for placing and fixing the combustion chamber catalytic plate 34.

[0049] The combustion chamber catalytic coating 33 is a coating with catalytic activity. Catalysts can be synthesized and formed into a catalytic coating by methods such as CVD, sol-gel method, impregnation method, and flame synthesis method. It is distributed on the entire inner surface of the combustion chamber side baffle 32.

[0050] The combustion chamber catalytic plate 34 is a porous foam ceramic structure. Catalysts can be loaded onto the internal pore surface using methods such as CVD, sol-gel, and impregnation to catalyze the combustion flame and reduce NOx emissions in the exhaust gas. The catalytic plate is fixed within the catalytic combustion chamber by means of the placement cavity 324.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust gas emitter 4 includes a top shrink-off cover 41.

[0052] The shrink-fit cover groove 411 is a square groove with a certain width, which is consistent with the width of the premix chamber top cover groove 222, and is used to place the combustion chamber.

[0053] Two combustion chamber sealing baffles 31 and two combustion chamber side baffles 32 are arranged alternately to form the combustion chamber side wall. The bottom wall of the combustion chamber is placed in the premixing chamber top cover groove 222, while the top wall of the combustion chamber is placed in the shrink cover groove 411.

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown, this invention achieves low NO levels through a catalytic process. x Emissions. The entire catalytic process is achieved through two stages. First, the combustible ammonia-mixed gas undergoes catalytic pre-cracking in a premixed channel. This stage takes place in low-temperature cracking zone 1, using ruthenium-based, nickel-based, or other transition-state metal oxides as catalysts. Through low-temperature catalysis, some ammonia gas is pre-cracking to generate hydrogen. The main chemical reaction occurring in this process is 2NH3 = N2 + 3H2. By pre-cracking some ammonia gas, hydrogen can be generated, improving combustion stability, and reducing fuel-type NO emissions caused by ammonia during combustion. x The generation of; The second stage takes place in the combustion chamber (high-temperature catalytic zone 3), where a catalyst is placed in the flow channel and a catalytic coating is applied to the combustion chamber walls to further reduce NO produced during combustion. x This stage takes place in high-temperature catalytic zone 3. The arrangement of the catalytic medium enables porous combustion, reduces the flame temperature, and prevents the formation of large amounts of thermal NO. x The generation of [a substance] utilizes cobalt-based, copper-based, and other transition-state metal oxides as catalysts, achieving high N2 selectivity. After sufficient contact between the combustion flame and the catalyst, low NO [density] can be achieved. xEmission requirements.

[0055] The specific steps of the combustion method are as follows: 1. The first catalyst is loaded onto the pre-cracking catalyst plate 12 in the low-temperature cracking zone 1. The first catalyst is a ruthenium-based or nickel-based transition metal oxide. 2. The combustible ammonia-mixed gas is fed into the low-temperature pyrolysis zone 1. The combustible ammonia-mixed gas is subjected to low-temperature catalytic pre-pyrolysis in the premixing channel of the low-temperature pyrolysis zone 1, and part of the ammonia in the combustible ammonia-mixed gas is pre-pyrolyzed into hydrogen. 3. The pre-pyrolyzed combustible ammonia-mixed gas mixture is fed into the swirl premixing chamber 2 to premix the pre-pyrolyzed combustible ammonia-mixed gas mixture and the high-temperature tail gas. Fourth, the second catalyst is loaded onto the combustion chamber catalytic plate 34 in the high-temperature catalytic zone 3, and a combustion chamber catalytic coating 33 is applied to the inner side of the combustion chamber side baffle 32. 5. The premixed combustible gas mixed with ammonia is input into the high-temperature catalytic zone 3. The combustion chamber flame comes into full contact with the second catalyst in the flow channel of the combustion chamber catalytic plate 34 to achieve combustion catalysis. The second catalyst is a cobalt-based or copper-based transition metal oxide. VI. The swirling combustion flame collides with the combustion chamber side baffle 32, which serves as the combustion chamber wall, and comes into contact with the combustion chamber catalytic coating 33 to achieve wall catalysis; 7. Low NO x The exhaust gas containing the specified amount is emitted through exhaust gas emitter 4.

[0056] This invention also provides a method for calculating the volumetric flow rate of each gas introduced into the combustion device.

[0057] 1. Given the equivalent ratio The proportions of fuel and oxidizer in the premixed gas are determined. The calculation method is as follows: Equivalent ratio: ; Ammonia blending ratio: ; Oxidizing agent ratio: ; In the formula, Represents the equivalence ratio; This represents the ratio of ammonia-blended fuel and oxidant in the premixed gas; Represents the equivalent ratio The ratio of ammonia-blended fuel to oxidant when the value is 1; and This represents the ratio of fuel and oxidant in the gas mixture; 2. Using the cross-sectional area A of the gas channel in the cyclone separator 212 and the specified gas outlet velocity v, the volumetric flow rate of each gas introduced into the combustion device is finally determined. The calculation method is as follows: Total flow: ; Ammonia-blended fuel flow rate: ; Oxidant flow rate: ; In the formula, Represents the total volumetric flow rate of the gas introduced into the combustion device. A and v These represent the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas channel and the gas outlet velocity of cyclone 212, respectively. and These represent the volumetric flow rates of the ammonia-blended fuel and the oxidant introduced into the combustion device, respectively.

[0058] The above calculation requires three input parameters: equivalent ratio. 212 gas channel cross-sectional area A and gas outlet velocity v Among them, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas channel of cyclone 212 is... A Related to the structural design of the hydrocyclone 212, the hydrocyclone 212 used in this embodiment of the invention has a diameter of 305mm. 2 The cross-sectional area.

[0059] By following the calculation steps above, the volumetric flow rate of the gas introduced during the operation of the combustion device can be determined. The volumetric flow rate is... and The ammonia-blended fuel and oxidant enter from the premixed gas inlet 111, pass through the bottom premixing chamber 11, enter the pre-cracking catalytic plate 12 for catalytic pre-cracking, and then pass through the upper premixing chamber 21 to enter the catalytic combustion chamber.

[0060] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment: This embodiment of the invention includes two steps: pre-cracking catalysis and combustion catalysis. Pre-cracking catalysis cracks ammonia gas to form a highly reactive mixture, preventing flame quenching within the combustion chamber. Porous foam ceramic is used to support the catalyst, and the catalyst plates are arranged throughout the flow channel. When the gas flow passes through the pre-cracking and combustion catalyst plates, the porous structure allows for sufficient contact with the catalyst surface within the pores, enhancing the catalyst's catalytic effect on the gas flow. Furthermore, due to the wall effect leading to the formation of large amounts of N2O on the combustion chamber walls, this embodiment of the invention further promotes the catalytic reduction of N2O and reduces NO in the exhaust gas by adding a combustion chamber catalytic coating to the combustion chamber walls. x Emissions. By employing this method, for a combustible mixture of CH4:NH3 = 40%:60%, the overall NO emissions are reduced. x Emissions can be reduced from 3739 ppm to 132 ppm; at the same time, the embodiment of this utility model adopts a swirl combustion method, which is closer to the application scenario of real gas turbines and has practical application value.

[0061] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of its implementation. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of this utility model patent should still fall within the scope of this patent. Furthermore, the technical features, technical features and technical solutions, and technical solutions in this utility model can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A cyclone combustion apparatus that achieves low NOx emissions, comprising: x a cyclone combustion apparatus that achieves low NOx emissions, comprising: include: A low-temperature pyrolysis zone (1), a swirling premixing chamber (2), a high-temperature catalytic zone (3), and a tail gas emitter (4) are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction. The top of the low-temperature pyrolysis zone (1) is connected to the bottom of the swirling premixing chamber (2), the top of the swirling premixing chamber (2) is connected to the bottom of the high-temperature catalytic zone (3), and the top of the high-temperature catalytic zone (3) is connected to the bottom of the tail gas emitter (4). The low-temperature pyrolysis zone (1) is used to pre-pyrolyze the input combustible ammonia-mixed gas; The swirling premixing chamber (2) is used to generate swirling gas and generate a reflux zone within the high-temperature catalytic zone (3); The high-temperature catalytic zone (3) is used to catalyze the combustion flame inside the flow channel and on the wall surface; The exhaust gas emitter (4) is used to discharge the exhaust gas after combustion.

2. The low NOx x swirl combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein The low-temperature pyrolysis zone (1) includes a bottom premixing chamber (11) and a pre-pyrolysis catalyst plate (12). The bottom premixing chamber (11) is located at the bottom of the swirl combustion device and is used to uniformly mix the incoming fuel gas and air. The swirl premixing chamber (2) includes an upper premixing chamber (21); The pre-crack catalyst plate (12) is disposed between the bottom premix chamber (11) and the upper premix chamber (21) and is used to pre-crack ammonia.

3. The low NOx x swirl combustion apparatus of claim 2, wherein The pre-decomposition catalyst plate (12) is a porous foam ceramic structure, and the first catalyst is loaded on the surface of the pores of the porous foam ceramic structure. Catalyst plate sealing gaskets (121) are provided above and below the pre-decomposition catalyst plate (12).

4. The low NOx x swirl combustion apparatus of claim 2, wherein The bottom premixing chamber (11) includes: The premixed airflow inlet (111), the lower through hole (112) of the bottom premixing chamber, and the upper through hole (113) of the bottom premixing chamber. The premixed airflow inlet (111) is welded to the bottom premixed cavity (11); The bottom premixing chamber (11) is connected to the experimental platform through the lower through hole (112) of the bottom premixing chamber, and the bottom premixing chamber (11) is connected to the upper premixing chamber (21) through the upper through hole (113) of the bottom premixing chamber; The upper premixing chamber (21) includes a flow equalization column (211) and a cyclone separator (212). The flow equalization column (211) is disposed between the pre-pyrolysis catalyst plate (12) and the hydrocyclone (212); The cyclone separator (212) is located at the outlet of the upper premix chamber (21).

5. The low NOx x swirl combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The swirl premixing chamber (2) also includes a premixing chamber top cover (22); The premix chamber top cover (22) includes a premix chamber top cover fixing threaded hole (221) and a premix chamber top cover groove (222); The upper premixing chamber (21) also includes an upper through hole (214). The upper premixing chamber (21) is connected to the premixing chamber top cover (22) through the premixing chamber top cover fixing threaded hole (221) and the upper premixing chamber top through hole (214).

6. The low NOx x swirl combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein The high-temperature catalytic zone (3) includes a combustion chamber sealing baffle (31), a combustion chamber side baffle (32), and a combustion chamber catalytic plate (34). The combustion chamber sealing baffle (31) and the combustion chamber side baffle (32) together form the combustion chamber; The combustion chamber catalyst plate (34) is disposed in the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber catalyst plate (34) is a porous foam ceramic structure, and the second catalyst is loaded on the surface of the pores of the porous foam ceramic structure.

7. The low NOx x swirl combustion apparatus of claim 6, wherein The high-temperature catalytic zone (3) also includes a combustion chamber catalytic coating (33); The combustion chamber catalytic coating (33) is applied to the inner side of the combustion chamber side baffle (32).

8. The low NOx x Swirl combustion apparatus for achieving low NOx The combustion chamber side baffle (32) includes: Ignition hole (321), combustion chamber fixing threaded hole (322), combustion chamber sealing groove (323) and catalyst plate placement cavity (324); The ignition hole (321) is located on the side baffle (32) of the combustion chamber and serves as the channel for the ignition gun to extend into; The combustion chamber sealing baffle (31) and the combustion chamber side baffle (32) are fixed through the combustion chamber fixing threaded hole (322); The combustion chamber sealing groove (323) is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber side baffle (32), and the combustion chamber sealing groove (323) is filled with a sealing strip; The catalyst plate placement cavity (324) is located inside the combustion chamber side baffle (32), and the combustion chamber catalyst plate (34) is fixed to the combustion chamber side baffle (32) through the catalyst plate placement cavity (324).

9. The low NOx x swirl combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein The exhaust gas emitter (4) includes a top retractable cover (41); The top retractable cover (41) retracts from bottom to top and is used to guide airflow out. The shrink-fit groove (411) is located at the bottom of the top shrink-fit (41), and the exhaust gas emitter (4) is fixed to the top of the high-temperature catalytic zone (3) through the shrink-fit groove (411).

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