A smelting unit and smelting slag treatment system

Abstract

This application discloses a smelting unit and a smelting waste slag treatment system. The smelting unit includes a rotary kiln and a burner. The burner includes a first pipe, a second pipe, and an ignition element. The first pipe has a first air inlet at one end and a first sealing plate at the other end. The second pipe is internally divided into a combustion section and an air inlet section, with a connecting hole in the partition plate. The air inlet section has a second sealing plate and a second air inlet. The first pipe is inserted into the air inlet section, and the end of the first pipe with the first sealing plate passes through the partition plate and extends to the combustion section. The first pipe in the combustion section has first air outlets spaced apart on its wall. The ignition element has its ignition end located on the side of the first sealing plate away from the air inlet section. The propagation directions of the combustible gas entering the combustion section and the first combustion-supporting gas entering the combustion section intersect. Under the driving force of the first combustion-supporting gas, the combustible gas propagates towards the ignition end of the ignition element, making it easier to ignite. The combustion effect of the mixed gas is better, which is beneficial to increasing the flame temperature after ignition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rotary kiln technology, and in particular to a smelting unit and a smelting slag treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] In smelting production, smelting slag is generated, which is a type of industrial solid waste. With the development of production, solid waste is increasing year by year, making its treatment an urgent problem. Solid waste is often treated by combustion in a rotary kiln, where the burner provides the kiln body with a high-temperature flame for smelting. In actual use, the burner needs to be supplied with combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas, and the mixture is ignited by an igniter. In existing technologies, the combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas are not fully mixed before the igniter ignites the mixture, making it difficult to ignite and resulting in poor ignition.

[0003] Therefore, improvements to existing technologies are necessary. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a smelting unit and a smelting slag treatment system.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a smelting unit is provided, configured to smelt slag. The smelting unit includes a rotary kiln and a burner, the burner being configured to provide flame to the rotary kiln. The burner includes a first tube, a second tube, and an ignition element. One end of the first tube has a first air inlet, and the other end has a first sealing plate. The first air inlet is configured to provide combustible gas into the first tube. The interior of the second tube is divided into a combustion section and an air inlet section along the axial direction of the second tube by a partition plate. The partition plate has multiple connecting holes. The end of the air inlet section away from the combustion section has a second sealing plate, and the air inlet section has a second air inlet, the second air inlet being configured to provide a first combustion-supporting gas into the air inlet section. The first tube is inserted into the air inlet section, and the end of the first tube with the first sealing plate passes through the partition plate and extends to the combustion section. The tube wall of the first tube located in the combustion section has multiple first air outlets spaced apart. The ignition element has its ignition end located on the side of the first sealing plate away from the air inlet section.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first tube and the second tube are coaxially arranged, and the end of the first tube with the first air inlet passes through the second sealing plate.

[0007] In one embodiment, the ignition element is inserted into the intake section, and the ignition end of the ignition element extends through the partition plate to the combustion section, and the end of the ignition element away from the ignition end extends through the second sealing plate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the burner further includes a flame detection element, which is inserted into the air intake section, and the detection end of the flame detection element extends through the partition plate and into the combustion section; the detection end and the ignition end are respectively disposed on both sides of the first pipe radial direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, the burner further includes a third tube sleeved on the second tube to form a cavity between the second tube and the third tube; one end of the cavity is blocked by the second sealing plate, and the other end is provided with a third sealing plate; the third tube is provided with a third air inlet, which is configured to provide the first combustion-supporting gas into the cavity; the peripheral wall of the combustion section is provided with a plurality of second air outlets at intervals.

[0010] In one embodiment, the angle between the axis of the second vent and the axis of the second pipe is α, satisfying: 30°≤α≤60°.

[0011] In one embodiment, a sealing ring is provided between the combustion section and the third pipe to divide the cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity, the second sub-cavity being located on the side of the sealing ring away from the air intake section; the sealing ring divides the combustion section along the axial direction of the second pipe into a combustion initiation section and a combustion tail section, the combustion initiation section being located between the combustion tail section and the air intake section; the burner further includes a fourth pipe, the fourth pipe being configured to provide a second combustion-supporting gas to the second sub-cavity, the third air intake being configured to provide a first combustion-supporting gas to the first sub-cavity, the oxygen content of the second combustion-supporting gas being higher than the oxygen content of the first combustion-supporting gas; the peripheral walls of both the combustion initiation section and the combustion tail section are provided with a second air outlet.

[0012] In one embodiment, the diameter of the second exhaust port in the combustion tail section is smaller than the diameter of the second exhaust port in the combustion initiation section.

[0013] In one embodiment, the fourth tube is inserted into the first sub-cavity, with one end of the fourth tube penetrating the sealing ring and the other end penetrating the second sealing plate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the rotary kiln includes a kiln body and a feeding device, the feeding device being disposed on the inner wall of the kiln body; the kiln body is divided into three processing sections along the axial direction of the kiln body, with the middle processing section having the highest operating temperature; the feeding device is provided on the inner wall of each processing section, and a projection plane λ perpendicular to the axial direction of the kiln body is set, with the orthographic projections of the feeding devices of adjacent processing sections intersecting each other on the projection plane λ.

[0015] In one embodiment, the rotary kiln further includes refractory bricks laid on the inner wall of the processing section, and the feeding element is embedded in the refractory bricks.

[0016] In one embodiment, the feeding member has an angled mounting portion for feeding, the mounting portion being connected to the inner wall of the processing section, and the angle between the mounting portion and the feeding portion being θ, satisfying: 75°≤θ≤90°.

[0017] In one embodiment, the three processing sections are sequentially referred to as the first processing section, the second processing section, and the third processing section along the axial direction of the kiln body. The operating temperature of the second processing section is higher than that of the third processing section, and the operating temperature of the third processing section is higher than that of the first processing section. The peripheral wall of the first processing section is provided with an opening, which is configured to allow smelting waste slag to enter or exit.

[0018] In one embodiment, the kiln body is set at an angle to the horizontal plane η, the height of the third processing section is higher than the height of the first processing section, and the angle between the kiln body and the horizontal plane η is β, satisfying: 2°≤β≤5°.

[0019] In one embodiment, the feeding member disposed in the first processing section is inclined along the axial direction of the kiln body, and the two ends of the feeding member are a first end and a second end, with the second end close to the second processing section; the height of the second end is lower than the height of the first end.

[0020] In one embodiment, in each of the processing sections, four feeding members are provided at circumferential intervals along the processing section.

[0021] In one embodiment, the system further includes a waste heat kiln, which is disposed at both ends of the rotary kiln along the axial direction, and the waste heat kiln is connected to the rotary kiln; the waste heat kiln is configured to preheat the smelting waste slag, and the rotary kiln is configured to process the smelting waste slag preheated by the waste heat kiln.

[0022] In one embodiment, the waste heat kiln is inclined, and along the axial direction of the waste heat kiln, the two ends of the waste heat kiln are a third end and a fourth end, the fourth end being close to the rotary kiln, and the smelting slag is configured to enter the waste heat kiln from the third end; the height of the third end is higher than the height of the fourth end.

[0023] In one embodiment, the rotary kiln has a first connecting portion at the end near the waste heat kiln, and the diameter of the first connecting portion gradually decreases in the direction from the rotary kiln toward the waste heat kiln.

[0024] In one embodiment, a plurality of material-pushing plates are spaced apart along the axial direction of the waste heat kiln on its inner wall.

[0025] In one embodiment, the system further includes an air intake device configured to introduce air into the rotary kiln. The air intake device includes a sleeve, a plug, and an air intake component. The sleeve is connected to the kiln body of the rotary kiln and extends through the kiln body. One of the plug and the air intake component is inserted into the sleeve. The plug is configured to block the sleeve, and the air intake component is configured to deliver external gas into the rotary kiln.

[0026] In one embodiment, the air intake component is provided with an air intake hole, which is divided into a first hole segment, a second hole segment, and a third hole segment along the axial direction of the air intake component. The third hole segment is located at the air intake end of the air intake component. The diameter of the second hole segment is larger than the diameter of the first hole segment and smaller than the diameter of the third hole segment.

[0027] In one embodiment, the diameter of the first hole segment is d, which satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ d ≤ 1 mm.

[0028] In one embodiment, a transition section is provided between the first hole segment and the second hole segment, and the diameter of the transition section gradually decreases in the direction from the second hole segment to the first hole segment.

[0029] In one embodiment, the air inlet includes a fixing part and an air inlet, the air inlet being disposed at the end of the fixing part near the interior of the rotary kiln; the fixing part is screwed to the sleeve, and the air inlet is detachably connected to the fixing part.

[0030] In one embodiment, the sleeve is provided with a mounting hole, which is divided into a fourth hole segment and a fifth hole segment along the axial direction of the sleeve. The fourth hole segment is located at the end of the fifth hole segment near the interior of the rotary kiln. The diameter of the fourth hole segment is smaller than the diameter of the fifth hole segment.

[0031] In one embodiment, the plugging member is sequentially divided into a first plugging section, a second plugging section, and a third plugging section along its axial direction. The first plugging section is located at one end of the second plugging section near the interior of the rotary kiln. The diameter of the second plugging section is larger than the diameter of the first plugging section, forming a first limiting surface between the first and second plugging sections. The diameter of the second plugging section is smaller than the diameter of the third plugging section, forming a second limiting surface between the second and third plugging sections. The first limiting surface is pressed against the connection between the fourth and fifth hole sections, and the second limiting surface is pressed against the end of the sleeve away from the rotary kiln.

[0032] In one embodiment, the air intake device further includes a flow meter configured to measure the flow rate of gas flowing through the air intake.

[0033] In one embodiment, the air intake device further includes a pressure sensor disposed at the air outlet end of the air intake component.

[0034] According to another aspect of this application, a smelting slag treatment system is provided, including the smelting unit, the smelting slag treatment system further including a pretreatment unit and a collection unit, the pretreatment unit being configured to pre-treat the smelting slag, and the collection unit being configured to classify and collect the smelting products.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: the first combustion-supporting gas entering the combustion section through the connecting hole propagates axially along the second pipe, and the combustible gas entering the combustion section through the first outlet hole propagates radially along the first pipe. That is, the propagation directions of the combustible gas entering the combustion section and the first combustion-supporting gas entering the combustion section intersect. Under the driving force of the first combustion-supporting gas, the combustible gas propagates towards the ignition end of the ignition element. During the propagation of the first combustion-supporting gas towards the ignition end, it will fully mix with the combustible gas to form a mixed gas. When the mixed gas passes through the ignition end, it is easier to ignite, and the combustion effect of the mixed gas is better, which is conducive to increasing the flame temperature after ignition. It can provide a high-temperature flame for the rotary kiln and meet the smelting needs of the rotary kiln. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a burner provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another burner provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Side view.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second tube and a fourth tube provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary kiln provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 7 yes Figure 6Side view.

[0044] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The front view.

[0045] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Sectional view at point BB.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a material feeding component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another material feeding component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a tilting material feeder provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary kiln and a waste heat kiln provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a waste heat kiln provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 Sectional view at point CC.

[0052] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of an air intake device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A sectional view.

[0054] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0055] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another usage state of an air intake device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 A sectional view.

[0057] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of an air intake component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0058] In the picture:

[0059] 10. First pipe; 11. First air inlet; 12. First sealing plate; 13. First air outlet;

[0060] 20. Second pipe; 21. Combustion section; 211. Initial combustion section; 212. Final combustion section; 2121. Second exhaust port; 22. Intake section; 23. Second sealing plate; 24. Second intake port;

[0061] 30. Third pipe; 31. Third sealing plate; 32. Third air inlet;

[0062] 40. Fourth pipe; 41. Fourth air inlet;

[0063] 50. Ignition element; 51. Ignition terminal;

[0064] 60. Spare plate; 61. Connecting hole;

[0065] 70. Washer ring;

[0066] 80. Flame detection component; 81. Detection end;

[0067] 90. Cavity; 91. First sub-cavity; 92. Second sub-cavity;

[0068] 100. Sealing ring;

[0069] 201. Flame arrester; 202. Electric regulating valve; 203. Solenoid valve; 204. Pressure switch; 205. Shut-off valve; 206. Fan;

[0070] 300. Rotary kiln; 301. Kiln body; 3011. Processing section; 30111. First processing section; 30112. Second processing section; 30113. Third processing section; 302. Feeding component; 3021. Mounting part; 3022. Feeding part; 303. Refractory brick; 304. Opening; 305. First connecting part;

[0071] 401, First end; 402, Second end; 403, Drive assembly; 405, Smelting slag; 406, Third end; 407, Fourth end;

[0072] 500, Air intake device; 501, Sleeve; 5011, Mounting hole; 50111, Fourth hole section; 50112, Fifth hole section; 50113, Third limiting surface; 502, Blocking component; 5021, First sealing section; 5022, Second sealing section; 5023, Third sealing section; 5024, First limiting surface; 5025, Second limiting surface; 503, Air intake component; 5031, Air intake hole; 50311, First hole section; 50312, Second hole section; 50313, Third hole section; 50314, Transition hole section; 5032, Fixing part; 5033, Air intake part;

[0073] 600. Waste heat kiln; 601. Second connecting part; 602. Feeding plate; 603. Discharge port;

[0074] 700. Pipe fittings. Detailed Implementation

[0075] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] The smelting unit and smelting slag treatment system of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0078] In the prior art, before the ignition element ignites the gas mixture, the combustible gas and the combustion-supporting gas are not mixed sufficiently, making the gas mixture difficult to ignite and resulting in poor ignition effect.

[0079] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a smelting unit configured to smelt slag. The smelting unit includes a rotary kiln and a burner, the burner being configured to supply flame to the rotary kiln. The burner includes a first tube, a second tube, and an ignition element. One end of the first tube has a first air inlet, and the other end has a first sealing plate. The first air inlet is configured to supply combustible gas into the first tube. The second tube is divided into a combustion section and an air inlet section along its axial direction by a partition plate, the partition plate having multiple connecting holes. The end of the air inlet section away from the combustion section has a second sealing plate, and the air inlet section has a second air inlet, the second air inlet being configured to supply a first combustion-supporting gas into the air inlet section. The first tube is inserted into the air inlet section, and the end of the first tube with the first sealing plate penetrates the partition plate and extends into the combustion section. The wall of the first tube located in the combustion section has multiple first air outlets spaced apart. The ignition element has its ignition end located on the side of the first sealing plate away from the air inlet section. The details are described below.

[0080] See Figures 1-4The smelting unit includes a rotary kiln 300 and a burner configured to supply flame to the rotary kiln 300. The burner includes a first pipe 10, a second pipe 20, and an ignition element 50. The first pipe 10 has a first air inlet 11 at one end and a first sealing plate 12 at the other end. The first air inlet 11 is configured to supply combustible gas into the first pipe 10. The second pipe 20 is internally divided into a combustion section 21 and an air inlet section 22 along the axial direction of the second pipe 20 by a partition plate 60. The partition plate 60 has multiple connecting holes 61. The end of section 22 away from combustion section 21 is provided with a second sealing plate 23, and the intake section 22 is provided with a second air inlet 24, which is configured to provide a first combustion-supporting gas into the intake section 22; the first pipe 10 is inserted into the intake section 22, and the end of the first pipe 10 with the first sealing plate 12 passes through the partition plate 60 and extends to the combustion section 21; the pipe wall of the first pipe 10 located in the combustion section 21 is provided with a plurality of first air outlet holes 13 at intervals; the ignition element 50 has its ignition end 51 located on the side of the first sealing plate 12 away from the intake section 22.

[0081] Combustible gas entering the first pipe 10 from the first air inlet 11 is passed toward the end of the first pipe 10 where the first sealing plate 12 is located, and finally discharged from the first air outlet 13. Since the first air outlet 13 is located in the part of the first pipe 10 located in the combustion section 21, the combustible gas enters the combustion section 21 through the first air outlet 13. The first combustion-supporting gas entering from the second air inlet 24 enters the air intake section 22 and then enters the combustion section 21 through the connecting hole 61 on the partition plate 60.

[0082] The first combustion-supporting gas, entering the combustion section 21 through the connecting hole 61, propagates axially along the second pipe 20. Figure 1 From a perspective of right to left, the combustible gas entering the combustion section 21 through the first vent 13 propagates radially along the first pipe 10. That is, the propagation direction of the combustible gas entering the combustion section 21 intersects with that of the first combustion-supporting gas entering the combustion section 21. Under the driving force of the first combustion-supporting gas, the combustible gas propagates toward the ignition end 51 of the ignition element 50. During the propagation of the first combustion-supporting gas toward the ignition end 51, it will fully mix with the combustible gas to form a mixed gas. This mixed gas is easier to ignite when it passes through the ignition end 51, and the combustion effect of the mixed gas is better, which is conducive to increasing the flame temperature after ignition. It can provide a high-temperature flame for the rotary kiln 300 and meet the smelting needs of the rotary kiln 300.

[0083] It should be noted that the ignition element 50 in this embodiment can be an ignition electrode, and the ignition end 51 of the ignition element 50 is the end that can ignite the gas. The ignition end 51 is located on the side of the first sealing plate 12 away from the air intake section 22, which can provide a sufficient propagation path for the mixing of combustible gas and the first combustion-supporting gas. That is, the mixed gas (combustible gas and first combustion-supporting gas) has a sufficient propagation distance to be fully mixed before reaching the ignition end 51.

[0084] It is worth mentioning that the first sealing plate 12 and the first pipe 10 can be connected as a whole by welding or other means. In some embodiments, the first sealing plate 12 and the first pipe 10 can also be set as a whole. Similarly, the arrangement between the second sealing plate 23 and the second pipe 20 is similar to the arrangement between the first pipe 10 and the first sealing plate 12, which will not be described in detail. In some embodiments, a gasket 70 can also be provided between the second pipe 20 and the second sealing plate 23 to ensure the airtightness of the air intake section 22. The gasket 70 can also be part of the second pipe 20 (i.e., the gasket 70 is set as a whole with the second pipe 20), which facilitates the connection operation between the second pipe 20 and the second sealing plate 23.

[0085] In addition, in some embodiments, the surface of the first sealing plate 12 facing the first air inlet 11 (i.e. the surface located inside the first pipe 10) is curved. The combustible gas entering the first pipe 10 can be better guided into the first air outlet 13 by the curved surface. The specific shape of the curved surface can be determined according to the orientation of the first air outlet 13, which will not be described in detail here.

[0086] In some embodiments, the combustible gas may be a gas such as hydrogen, and the first combustion-supporting gas may be a gas such as air (which may be provided by the fan 206). No specific limitation is made here, and the relevant gas is determined according to the actual ignition requirements.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first tube 10 and the second tube 20 are coaxially arranged, and the end of the first tube 10 with the first air inlet 11 passes through the second sealing plate 23.

[0088] The first tube 10 and the second tube 20 are coaxially arranged. The space around the wall of the first tube 10 in the combustion section 21 (the radial distance between the outer wall of the first tube 10 and the inner wall of the second tube 20 is the same) is uniform, that is, the concentration of the mixed gas in each part is uniform. After ignition, the flame is stable, which is conducive to the control of the flame position after ignition. After ignition, the flame can be controlled near the central axis of the combustion section 21 of the second tube 20. When the rotary kiln 300 is smelting and heating, the position of the flame in the rotary kiln 300 can be precisely controlled, which is beneficial to the smelting of materials in the rotary kiln 300.

[0089] When the first tube 10 and the second tube 20 are not coaxial (i.e., eccentrically set), there will be differences in the space around the tube wall of the first tube 10 in the combustion section 21, and the concentration of the mixed gas in each part will be different, which may lead to unstable flame after ignition.

[0090] It is worth mentioning that the end of the first tube 10 with the first air inlet 11 passes through the second sealing plate 23, that is, the first air inlet 11 is located on the side of the second sealing plate 23 away from the second tube 20, that is, the first air inlet 11 is away from the ignition end of the ignition element 50, which is conducive to improving the safety of use.

[0091] In some embodiments, the ignition element 50 is inserted into the intake section 22, and the ignition end 51 of the ignition element 50 extends through the partition plate 60 to the combustion section 21, and the end of the ignition element 50 away from the ignition end 51 extends through the second sealing plate 23.

[0092] In this embodiment, the ignition end 51 of the ignition element 50 penetrates the partition plate 60, and the other end penetrates the second sealing plate 23. That is, the ignition element 50 extends along the axial direction of the second pipe 20 (the ignition element 50 can be arranged parallel to the axial direction of the second pipe 20, or at a certain angle to the axial direction of the second pipe 20, etc. The overall extension trend of the ignition element 50 is along the axial direction of the second pipe 20). The ignition element 50 is inserted into the partition plate 60. Since the partition plate 60 is provided with a connecting hole 61, that is, the ignition element 50 is provided with a connecting hole 61 on its periphery, the first combustion-supporting gas (propagating along the axial direction of the second pipe 20) entering the combustion section 21 through the connecting hole 61 can be guided to the ignition end 51 of the ignition element 50 under the guidance of the ignition element 50. After the mixed gas is ignited, the heat of the ignition end 51 can be carried away, preventing the ignition element 50 from being damaged due to high temperature. At the same time, it reduces the formation of carbon deposits on the ignition end 51, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the ignition element 50 and improving the ignition effect of the ignition element 50.

[0093] It is worth mentioning that the part of the ignition element 50 located in the intake section 22 is surrounded by the first combustion-supporting gas entering the intake section 22. The first combustion-supporting gas can carry away the heat of this part of the ignition element 50, preventing the ignition element 50 from overheating and improving the service life of the ignition element 50.

[0094] In some embodiments, the burner further includes a flame detection element 80, which is inserted into the air intake section 22. The detection end 81 of the flame detection element 80 extends through the partition plate 60 and into the combustion section 21. The detection end 81 and the ignition end 51 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first tube 10 in the radial direction.

[0095] The detection end 81 and the ignition end 51 are respectively located on both sides of the radial direction of the first tube 10, which helps to ensure that there is sufficient distance between the two (detection end 81 and ignition end 51) and avoid the spark of the ignition end 51 from affecting the detection result of the detection end 81; and the first combustion-supporting gas can also carry away the heat of the detection end 81 (see the above embodiment for details), avoid the flame detection element 80 from getting too hot, and improve its service life.

[0096] In some embodiments, the burner further includes a third tube 30, which is sleeved on the second tube 20 to form a cavity 90 between the second tube 20 and the third tube 30; one end of the cavity 90 is blocked by a second sealing plate 23, and the other end is provided with a third sealing plate 31; the third tube 30 is provided with a third air inlet 32, which is configured to provide a first combustion-supporting gas into the cavity 90; the peripheral wall of the combustion section 21 is provided with a plurality of second air outlets 2121 at intervals.

[0097] The first combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the cavity 90 through the third air inlet 32. Part of the first combustion-supporting gas entering the cavity 90 enters the intake section 22 through the second air inlet 24 and propagates into the combustion section 21 along the axial direction of the second pipe 20 through the connecting hole 61. The other part moves along the cavity 90 to the second air outlet 2121 on the combustion section 21 and enters the combustion section 21 through the second air outlet 2121. The first combustion-supporting gas can be provided to the cavity 90 and the intake section 22 through the third air inlet 32, which reduces the design of external pipelines (there is no need to lay pipelines separately to introduce the first combustion-supporting gas into the second air inlet 24), simplifies the structure, and reduces production costs.

[0098] Meanwhile, the flame formed by the ignition element 50 is further combusted under the action of the first combustion-supporting gas (the first combustion-supporting gas entering through the second vent 2121). By increasing the concentration of the first combustion-supporting gas, the flame temperature is increased (higher than the flame temperature of the ignition end 51). The air intake from the periphery of the combustion section 21 helps to concentrate the flame near the axis of the second pipe 20 (the middle position of the combustion section 21 of the second pipe 20), which constrains the flame (constrains the combustible gas in the middle position of the second pipe 20), prevents the flame from getting out of control, and the flame energy is more concentrated, which helps to increase the flame temperature.

[0099] It should be noted that the third sealing plate 31 is annular and is disposed between the second tube 20 and the third tube 30. The assembly operation can be completed by welding. In some embodiments, the third sealing plate 31 can also be part of the third tube 30, that is, the third sealing plate 31 and the third tube 30 are integrally disposed, but it is not limited to this.

[0100] In some embodiments, the second vent holes 2121 on the same circumference of the second tube 20 are referred to as vent unit groups. Multiple vent unit groups are spaced apart along the axial direction of the second tube 20. The orthographic projection interval of each second vent hole 2121 in adjacent vent unit groups on the projection plane (the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the second tube 20) avoids the second vent holes 2121 on the same circumference being too dense, which would affect the rigidity of the second tube 20 (combustion section 21). This arrangement can ensure the rigidity of the second tube 20 and ensure that the first combustion-supporting gas (entering through the second vent holes 2121) covers a large area and can fully react with the flame to increase the flame temperature.

[0101] In some embodiments, the angle between the axis of the second vent 2121 and the axis of the second tube 20 is α, satisfying: 30°≤α≤60°, such as 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, etc.

[0102] The axis of the second vent 2121 is set at an angle to the axis of the second tube 20, that is, the second vent 2121 is set at an angle. The first combustion aid entering the combustion section 21 from the second vent 2121 can enter the combustion section 21 at an angle (to the left in the figure view), exerting a force on the flame toward the end of the combustion section 21 away from the air inlet section 22 (to the left), which increases the flame injection speed and injection pressure, and increases the flame penetration. When used in the rotary kiln 300, the flame can heat the far end (the end away from the burner) inside the rotary kiln 300, improving the quality of material processing inside the rotary kiln 300.

[0103] When α is less than 30°, the axis of the second vent 2121 is close to parallel to the axis of the second tube 20, and the flow direction of the first combustion-supporting gas entering from the second vent 2121 is close to parallel to the flame, resulting in a moderate flame-raising effect. When α is greater than 60°, the axis of the second vent 2121 is close to perpendicular to the axis of the second tube 20, and the flow direction of the first combustion-supporting gas entering from the second vent 2121 is close to perpendicular to the flame, which is not conducive to the flame extending to the left, and the flame size in the axial direction of the second tube 20 is relatively small.

[0104] See Figure 2 as well as Figure 5In some embodiments, a sealing ring 100 is provided between the combustion section 21 and the third pipe 30 to divide the cavity 90 into a first sub-cavity 91 and a second sub-cavity 92. The second sub-cavity 92 is located on the side of the sealing ring 100 away from the intake section 22. The sealing ring 100 divides the combustion section 21 along the axial direction of the second pipe 20 into a combustion initiation section 211 and a combustion tail section 212. The combustion initiation section 211 is located between the combustion tail section 212 and the intake section 22. The burner also includes a fourth pipe 40, which is configured to provide a second combustion-supporting gas to the second sub-cavity 92. The third intake port 32 is configured to provide a first combustion-supporting gas to the first sub-cavity 91. The oxygen content of the second combustion-supporting gas is higher than that of the first combustion-supporting gas. The peripheral walls of both the combustion initiation section 211 and the combustion tail section 212 are provided with second exhaust ports 2121.

[0105] By setting the sealing ring 100, the cavity 90 is divided into a first sub-cavity 91 and a second sub-cavity 92. A first combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the first sub-cavity 91, and the first combustion-supporting gas in the first sub-cavity 91 enters the second pipe 20 through the second vent 2121 on the combustion initiation section 211. A second combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the second sub-cavity 92, and the second combustion-supporting gas enters the second pipe 20 through the second vent 2121 on the combustion tail section 212. After the combustible gas is ignited at the ignition end 51, the flame passes through the combustion initiation section 211 and the combustion tail section 212 in sequence, that is, it passes through the first combustion-supporting gas and the second combustion-supporting gas in sequence.

[0106] Under the action of the first combustion-supporting gas (the first combustion-supporting gas entering through the second vent 2121), the flame temperature initially increases (higher than the flame temperature at the ignition end 51). Then, under the action of the second combustion-supporting gas (the second combustion-supporting gas has a higher oxygen content than the first combustion-supporting gas), the flame temperature can be further increased, so that the flame temperature gradually increases to meet the usage requirements of the rotary kiln 300. Through a simple structure, the flame temperature is gradually increased. Specifically, the first combustion-supporting gas and the combustible gas near the ignition end 51 are fully mixed, and the combustible gas is fully burned, which increases the flame temperature. Then, by passing through the two sections of the second vent 2121, the flame temperature is gradually increased, and finally the burner can obtain a flame with a high temperature.

[0107] It is worth mentioning that as the flame temperature gradually increases, the ignition end 51 is moved away from the end with the higher flame temperature, preventing the ignition element 50 from being damaged due to high temperature and extending its service life. In addition, under the action of the first combustion-supporting gas (entering through the second vent 2121 on the combustion initiation section 211), the flame is constrained to the middle position of the second tube 20 (see the aforementioned embodiment for details), and the flame is relatively stable (it will not stray radially along the second tube 20). The stable flame entering the second combustion-supporting gas (with high oxygen content) helps to improve the overall safety of the burner.

[0108] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the second combustion-supporting gas can be oxygen. In some embodiments, one end of the fourth pipe 40 passes through the sealing ring 100, and the other end passes through the first sub-cavity 91 and then through the second sealing plate 23, resulting in a reasonable overall structural arrangement.

[0109] In some embodiments, the diameter of the second vent 2121 of the combustion tail section 212 is smaller than the diameter of the second vent 2121 of the combustion initiation section 211.

[0110] The smaller the diameter of the second vent 2121, the higher the gas velocity after passing through the second vent 2121; that is, the velocity of the second combustion-supporting gas entering (entering the second pipe 20) in the combustion tail section 212 is greater than the velocity of the first combustion-supporting gas entering (entering the second pipe 20) in the combustion initial section 211, which can gradually enhance the flame jet speed and jet pressure, and increase the flame penetration.

[0111] In some embodiments, the second vent 2121 is inclined (the axis of the second vent 2121 is at an angle to the axis of the second tube 20, see the foregoing embodiments for details), which can increase the length of the flame and enable the flame to heat the far end (the end away from the burner) inside the rotary kiln 300, thereby improving the quality of material processing inside the rotary kiln 300.

[0112] In some embodiments, the fourth tube 40 is inserted into the first sub-cavity 91, and one end of the fourth tube 40 passes through the sealing ring 100, and the other end passes through the second sealing plate 23.

[0113] In this embodiment, the fourth tube 40 utilizes the space of the first sub-cavity 91, which reduces space occupation compared to setting it on the outside of the third tube 30. The structure is reasonably arranged, and the third tube 30 has a protective effect on the fourth tube 40, preventing the leakage of the second combustion-supporting gas with high oxygen content in the fourth tube 40. With this setting, even if there is a leak, it will leak inside the third tube 30, improving the safety of the burner.

[0114] The fourth tube 40 penetrates the sealing ring 100, eliminating the need for drilling holes in the peripheral wall of the third tube 30, which improves the integrity of the third tube 30 and enhances the overall airtightness. Additionally, the other end of the fourth tube 40 (which has a fourth air inlet 41) penetrates the second sealing plate 23. In some embodiments, the fourth air inlet 41, the first air inlet 11, the end of the ignition element 50, and the end of the flame detection element 80 are all located on the second sealing plate 23. Figure 2 From the perspective of the second sealing plate 23 (located to the right), it is conducive to the centralized arrangement of external pipelines and to improving assembly efficiency.

[0115] It is worth mentioning that, in some embodiments, the first air inlet 11 is connected to a flame arrester 201, an electric regulating valve 202, a solenoid valve 203, a pressure switch 204, and a shut-off valve 205. The electric regulating valve 202 and the solenoid valve 203 can automatically regulate the gas flow rate entering the first air inlet 11. The flame arrester 201 can prevent the flame from spreading backward and coming into contact with the external gas supply pipeline of the combustible gas, thus improving the safety of use. In an emergency, the pipeline can also be cut off by the shut-off valve 205 to ensure safe use.

[0116] In some embodiments, the fourth air inlet 41 and the third air inlet 32 ​​may also be connected to components such as an electric regulating valve 202, a solenoid valve 203, and a pressure switch 204. These will not be described in detail here, but will be determined according to the actual pipeline connection requirements.

[0117] See Figure 6-9 The rotary kiln 300 includes a kiln body 301 and a feeding component 302. The feeding component 302 is disposed on the inner wall of the kiln body 301. Along the axial direction of the kiln body 301, the kiln body 301 is divided into three processing sections 3011 in sequence, with the middle processing section 3011 having the highest working temperature. The inner wall of each processing section 3011 is provided with a feeding component 302, and a projection plane λ is set perpendicular to the axial direction of the kiln body 301. The orthogonal projections of the feeding components 302 of adjacent processing sections 3011 on the projection plane λ are intersected.

[0118] The slag 405 contains complex materials with different reaction temperatures. When the furnace is at the same temperature, multiple materials are processed simultaneously, which can cause interference and affect the final processing effect. This application divides the kiln body 301 along the axial direction into multiple processing sections 3011 with different working temperatures. This allows for the segmented processing of various materials in the slag 405 (different materials are processed at different working temperatures), which is beneficial for improving the processing quality of materials in the furnace and shortening the smelting time.

[0119] For ease of explanation, the three processing sections 3011 along the axial direction of the kiln body 301 are, in sequence, the first processing section 30111, the second processing section 30112, and the third processing section 30113. The second processing section 30112 has the highest operating temperature (higher than the operating temperatures in the first and third processing sections 30111 and 30113). The second processing section 30112 is located in the middle, and the processing sections 3011 on either side (the first and third processing sections 30111 and 30113) provide some insulation for it, ensuring that the operating temperature in the second processing section 30112 remains at the set relatively high temperature. To avoid external influences affecting the operating temperature of the second processing section 30112 and causing it to decrease; when the operating temperature in the first processing section 30111 is at its highest, the temperature difference between the side of the first processing section 30111 away from the second processing section 30112 (external space) and the temperature inside the first processing section 30111 is too large, which can easily cause heat loss and lower the temperature inside the first processing section 30111, making it difficult to maintain the high temperature inside the first processing section 30111; therefore, the operating temperature in the second processing section 30112 is the highest, which is conducive to temperature maintenance, improving the processing quality of materials in the furnace, and shortening the smelting time.

[0120] In this embodiment, each processing section 3011 is equipped with a material feeding component 302. During the rotation of the kiln body 301 (each processing section 3011), the material feeding component 302 transfers the smelting waste 405 at the bottom of the kiln body 301 to the top of the kiln body 301. Under the action of gravity, the smelting waste 405 gradually falls back to the bottom of the kiln body 301. During the process of the smelting waste 405 falling from the top to the bottom, the smelting waste 405 comes into full contact with the flame, and the smelting waste 405 is fully burned, which improves the combustion efficiency and heating efficiency of the smelting waste 405, while shortening the smelting time of the smelting waste 405 and reducing the smelting cost.

[0121] It is worth mentioning that, due to the rotation of the kiln body 301, the smelting waste 405 will be subjected to centrifugal force. During the process of the smelting waste 405 falling from the top to the bottom of the kiln body 301, impurities will be more easily separated, which improves the efficiency of impurity separation and helps to improve the purity of the material obtained after smelting.

[0122] Additionally, when the smelting slag 405 in a processing section 3011 is falling from the top to the bottom of the kiln body 301, the feeding components 302 in adjacent processing sections 3011 are staggered (e.g., Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the material feeding components 302a and 302b are interleaved, so that the smelting waste 405 in the adjacent processing section 3011 is not in the falling process, that is, the smelting waste 405 in the adjacent processing section 3011 will not affect each other, which is beneficial to improving the purity of the material obtained after smelting.

[0123] It is worth mentioning that the kiln body 301 rotates under the drive of the drive assembly 403. The specific structure of the drive assembly 403 is not specifically limited here, as long as it can meet the requirements for the rotation of the kiln body 301.

[0124] In some embodiments, the rotary kiln 300 further includes refractory bricks 303, which are laid on the inner wall of the processing section 3011, and the feeding member 302 is embedded in the refractory bricks 303.

[0125] The refractory bricks 303 protect the kiln body 301 and extend its service life. Meanwhile, the material feeding component 302 is positioned on the inner wall of the kiln body 301 (processing section 3011) and embedded in the refractory bricks 303. This means the refractory bricks 303 cover the connection between the material feeding component 302 and the kiln body 301, preventing direct contact between the connection and the flame, thus improving the stability of the material feeding component 302's installation on the kiln body 301.

[0126] In some embodiments, the feeding member 302 has an angled mounting portion 3021 and a feeding portion 3022. The mounting portion 3021 is connected to the inner wall of the processing section 3011. The angle between the mounting portion 3021 and the feeding portion 3022 is θ, which satisfies: 75°≤θ≤90°, such as 75°, 78°, 81°, 84°, 87°, 90°, etc.

[0127] By connecting the mounting part 3021 to the inner wall of the processing section 3011, the contact area between the material feeding component 302 and the inner wall of the processing section 3011 is increased, which helps to improve the stability of the installation of the material feeding component 302 on the inner wall of the processing section 3011.

[0128] When θ is less than 75°, the distance between the feeding section 3022 and the mounting section 3021 (inner wall of the processing section 3011) is relatively short. That is, the end of the feeding section 3022 away from the mounting section 3021 is close to the inner wall of the processing section 3011. During the rotation of the feeding section 3022 with the rotary kiln 300, the feeding effect is poor, and the smelting waste 405 moved by the feeding section 3022 is easily placed on the left side (e.g., Figure 10 As shown, the smelting waste 405 is piled up to the left, meaning that the smelting waste 405 does not pass through the center of the kiln body 301 during its fall, and the smelting waste 405 cannot make good contact with the flame. If it is necessary to move the smelting waste 405 to the middle of the processing section 3011, the feeding section 3022 needs to be extended, which increases the material usage cost, and the extended feeding section 3022 has poor rigidity.

[0129] When θ is greater than 90°, the feeding section 3022 needs to bring the smelting waste 405 to a very high position before it can fall back down, which easily causes the smelting waste 405 to accumulate to the right (e.g., Figure 11 As shown, the smelting waste 405 is far from the center of the kiln body 301 (the center position allows the smelting waste 405 to fully contact the flame), which is not conducive to the complete combustion of the smelting waste 405. Moreover, the smelting waste 405 is brought to a higher position, and the greater the gravitational potential energy brought by the smelting waste 405, the stronger the driving force is required to drive the rotary kiln 300 to rotate, which is not conducive to reducing production costs.

[0130] Therefore, when θ is 75°≤θ≤90°, it can ensure that the smelting waste slag 405 is in full contact with the flame during the process of falling back down after being moved (the falling smelting waste slag 405 passes through the center position of the kiln body 301), thereby improving the combustion efficiency and heating efficiency of the smelting waste slag 405. It can also reduce the use of materials, ensure the rigidity of the feeding part 3022, and help extend the service life of the feeding part 302.

[0131] It should be noted that the material drawing part 302 can be a one-piece part formed by bending or a one-piece part formed by welding two steel plates; no specific limitation is made here.

[0132] In some embodiments, the three processing sections 3011 are sequentially referred to as the first processing section 30111, the second processing section 30112, and the third processing section 30113 along the axial direction of the kiln body 301. The working temperature of the second processing section 30112 is higher than that of the third processing section 30113, and the working temperature of the third processing section 30113 is higher than that of the first processing section 30111. The peripheral wall of the first processing section 30111 is provided with an opening 304, which is configured to allow the smelting waste slag 405 to enter and exit.

[0133] The first processing section 30111 has the lowest operating temperature. In the actual smelting process, the smelting waste slag (smelting waste slag 405) is first put into the first processing section 30111 with a lower operating temperature. The components that can be processed at this temperature are processed first. At the same time, the remaining waste slag is preheated. Then, the preheated waste slag is transported to the second processing section 30112 with the highest temperature for further processing. This is beneficial to improving the processing quality of materials in the furnace. The preheating effect of the first processing section 30111 with a lower operating temperature on the smelting waste slag 405 can also reduce smelting time and smelting costs.

[0134] It is worth mentioning that in the actual smelting process, some smelting waste slag 405 will enter the third processing section 30113 from the second processing section 30112. The smelting waste slag 405 is processed at the working temperature of the third processing section 30113. The smelting waste slag 405 can be placed in the processing section 3011 at different working temperatures for processing, which is beneficial to improving the processing quality of materials in the furnace.

[0135] See Figure 8 The kiln body 301 is set at an angle to the horizontal plane η. The height of the third processing section 30113 is higher than the height of the first processing section 30111. The angle between the kiln body 301 and the horizontal plane η is β, which satisfies: 2°≤β≤5°, such as 2°, 3°, 4°, 5°, etc.

[0136] The opening 304 is located on the peripheral wall of the first processing section 30111. The height of the first processing section 30111 is lower than the height of the third processing section 30113, that is, the kiln body 301 is inclined. After the smelting process is completed, the inclined kiln body 301 is conducive to the slag being poured out from the opening 304, thereby improving the smelting efficiency.

[0137] When β is less than 2°, the inclination of the kiln body 301 is small, and its guiding effect on the smelting waste 405 (residue) is small. When β is greater than 5°, the inclination of the kiln body 301 is large. During the smelting process of the smelting waste 405, for example, when the smelting waste 405 is burned in the second treatment section 30112 (which needs to be treated at the working temperature of the second treatment section 30112), the smelting waste 405 is easily transferred to the first treatment section 30111 under the action of gravity due to the large inclination of the kiln body 301 as the kiln body 301 rotates. However, the working temperature of the first treatment section 30111 is lower than that of the second treatment section 30112, which affects the smelting treatment of the smelting waste 405. In other words, the large inclination of the kiln body 301 is not conducive to the full treatment of the smelting waste 405 and affects the treatment quality of the smelting waste 405 in the furnace.

[0138] See Figure 12 The material feeding component 302, which is installed in the first processing section 30111, is inclined along the axial direction of the kiln body 301. The two ends of the material feeding component 302 are a first end 401 and a second end 402. The second end 402 is close to the second processing section 30112. The height of the second end 402 is lower than the height of the first end 401.

[0139] In this embodiment, the feeding component 302 is set in an inclined state, that is, during the rotation of the kiln body 301, smelting waste slag 405 will be gradually conveyed from the first processing section 30111 to the second processing section 30112 for processing; specifically, the smelting waste slag 405 enters the first processing section 30111, and with the rotation of the feeding component 302 in the first processing section 30111, it can fully contact the flame, can be quickly preheated, and undergo preliminary treatment; at the same time, due to the inclined setting of the feeding component 302, the smelting waste slag 405 will be gradually conveyed to the second processing section 30112 for high-temperature smelting.

[0140] It should be noted that the preheating and pretreatment operation of the smelting waste 405 in the first treatment section 30111 is carried out synchronously with the operation of conveying it from the first treatment section 30111 to the second treatment section 30112; the material feeding component 302 is set at an angle, that is, the material feeding component 302 is set at an angle relative to the horizontal plane η.

[0141] In some embodiments, in each processing section 3011, four feeding members 302 are provided at circumferential intervals along the processing section 3011.

[0142] It can prevent the smelting waste slag 405 from accumulating for a long time. The kiln body 301 can move the smelting waste slag 405 four times in one revolution, which is conducive to improving combustion efficiency, improving the quality of material processing in the furnace, and shortening the smelting time.

[0143] It should be noted that in some embodiments, three feeding components 302 may be provided on the same processing section 3011, and it is not limited to this.

[0144] See Figure 8-9 as well as Figure 13-15 The burner is located at one end of the rotary kiln 300 along its axial direction and is configured to provide flame to the rotary kiln 300; the waste heat kiln 600 is located at the end of the rotary kiln 300 away from the burner and is connected to the rotary kiln 300; the waste heat kiln 600 is configured to preheat the smelting slag 405, and the rotary kiln 300 is configured to process the smelting slag 405 preheated by the waste heat kiln 600.

[0145] The waste heat kiln 600 is interconnected with the rotary kiln 300. Hot gas from the rotary kiln 300 is transported to the waste heat kiln 600 to preheat the smelting waste slag 405. The preheated smelting waste slag 405 is then transported to the rotary kiln 300 for combustion under the action of the burner and the rotary kiln 300. The high-temperature gas generated by the combustion in the rotary kiln 300 enters the waste heat kiln 600, and this process is repeated. By setting up the waste heat kiln 600, the heat in the rotary kiln 300 is fully utilized, avoiding heat waste. Furthermore, the preheating treatment of the smelting waste slag 405 in the waste heat kiln 600 before entering the rotary kiln 300 shortens the processing time in the rotary kiln 300, improves the overall processing efficiency of the smelting waste slag 405, and also shortens the heating time of the burner, reducing operating costs.

[0146] In the actual processing, the smelting waste 405 to be processed is fed into the waste heat kiln 600 through a conveying device. The smelting waste 405 is preheated by the hot air provided by the rotary kiln 300. After preheating, the preheated smelting waste 405 is lifted into the hopper (for feeding into the rotary kiln 300) by an elevator. It is then fed into the rotary kiln 300 for combustion.

[0147] It is worth mentioning that both the rotary kiln 300 and the waste heat kiln 600 can rotate. During the rotation, they can drive the internal smelting waste slag 405, which is conducive to the full preheating (in the waste heat kiln 600) and full combustion (in the rotary kiln 300) of the smelting waste slag 405. This improves the combustion efficiency and heating efficiency of the smelting waste slag 405, while shortening the smelting time of the smelting waste slag 405 and reducing the smelting cost.

[0148] In some embodiments, the waste heat kiln 600 is inclined, and along the axial direction of the waste heat kiln 600, the two ends of the waste heat kiln 600 are a third end 406 and a fourth end 407. The fourth end 407 is close to the rotary kiln 300, and the smelting slag 405 is configured to enter the waste heat kiln 600 from the third end 406. The height of the third end 406 is higher than the height of the fourth end 407.

[0149] In this embodiment, the waste heat kiln 600 is inclined. During the rotation of the waste heat kiln 600, the smelting waste slag 405 is gradually conveyed from the third end 406 to the fourth end 407. The fourth end 407 is close to the rotary kiln 300, meaning that the temperature of the fourth end 407 will be higher than that of the third end 406. After the smelting waste slag 405 enters the waste heat kiln 600 from the third end 406, during the conveying process (from the third end 406 to the fourth end 407), the temperature of the smelting waste slag 405 gradually increases, making the preheating path of the smelting waste slag 405 longer (i.e., the axial length of the waste heat kiln 600), which can fully preheat the smelting waste slag 405.

[0150] It should be noted that the waste heat kiln 600 is set at an angle, that is, the waste heat kiln 600 is set at an angle relative to the horizontal plane η, and the smelting waste slag 405 can be conveyed from the third end 406 to the fourth end 407 under its own weight.

[0151] It is worth mentioning that in some embodiments, the waste heat kiln 600 is provided with a discharge port 603 at the fourth end 407. The smelting waste slag 405 after preheating can be discharged through the discharge port 603. The discharge port 603 is located at the fourth end 407, which is conducive to the discharge of the smelting waste slag 405 from the waste heat kiln 600.

[0152] In some embodiments, the rotary kiln 300 has a first connecting portion 305 at the end near the waste heat kiln 600, and the diameter of the first connecting portion 305 gradually decreases in the direction from the rotary kiln 300 toward the waste heat kiln 600.

[0153] In this embodiment, the hot gas in the rotary kiln 300 enters the waste heat kiln 600 after passing through the first connecting part 305. Since the diameter of the first connecting part 305 gradually decreases in the direction away from the rotary kiln 300, the gas velocity increases after passing through the first connecting part 305, and it can flow to a farther place. This is beneficial for the hot gas entering the waste heat kiln 600 to fill the entire waste heat kiln 600 (along the axial direction of the waste heat kiln 600), which is beneficial for the full preheating of the smelting waste slag 405 in the waste heat kiln 600.

[0154] In some embodiments, the waste heat kiln 600 has a second connecting portion 601 at the end near the rotary kiln 300, and the diameter of the second connecting portion 601 gradually decreases in the direction from the waste heat kiln 600 toward the rotary kiln 300; this facilitates the connection between the rotary kiln 300 and the waste heat kiln 600.

[0155] In some embodiments, a plurality of material feeding plates 602 are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the waste heat kiln 600.

[0156] By setting the material-pushing plate 602, during the rotation of the waste heat kiln 600, the smelting waste slag 405 at the bottom of the waste heat kiln 600 is transferred to the top of the waste heat kiln 600. Under the action of gravity, the smelting waste slag 405 gradually falls back to the bottom of the waste heat kiln 600, avoiding the accumulation of smelting waste slag 405 at the bottom of the waste heat kiln 600 and improving the preheating effect of smelting waste slag 405.

[0157] In some embodiments, in order to ensure sufficient preheating and combustion of the smelting waste slag 405, the smelting waste slag 405 can be made into several spherical or elliptical material units with gaps between adjacent material units, which is beneficial to improving preheating efficiency and combustion efficiency.

[0158] See Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 19, Figure 20 as well as Figure 6 The air intake device 500 is configured to introduce air into the rotary kiln 300. The air intake device 500 includes a sleeve 501, a plug 502, and an air intake component 503. The sleeve 501 is connected to the kiln body 301 of the rotary kiln 300 and extends through the kiln body 301. One of the plug 502 and the air intake component 503 is inserted into the sleeve 501. The plug 502 is configured to block the sleeve 501, and the air intake component 503 is configured to deliver external gas into the rotary kiln 300.

[0159] The rotary kiln 300 is connected to the outside world (the external space of the rotary kiln 300, the same below) through the sleeve 501. When the plug 502 is inserted into the sleeve 501, it can isolate the inside of the rotary kiln 300 from the outside world, ensuring the sealing performance of the rotary kiln 300, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the relevant reactions of the substances inside the rotary kiln 300 and improves the reaction effect inside the furnace. When it is necessary to introduce gas into the rotary kiln 300, the plug 502 is removed and the gas inlet 503 is inserted into the sleeve 501. The gas inlet 503 is connected to the external gas supply device to provide the gas required for the reaction inside the furnace to the rotary kiln 300, which is conducive to the full occurrence of the reaction inside the furnace and improves the purity of the substances obtained from the reaction inside the furnace.

[0160] The structure is simple. Depending on the usage requirements, either the blocking component 502 or the air intake component 503 can be used selectively. The blocking component 502 and the air intake component 503 are easy to disassemble and assemble, which helps to improve work efficiency.

[0161] It is worth mentioning that after the gas is supplied to the furnace through the gas inlet 503, the gas inlet 503 is replaced by the blockage 502 to seal the sleeve. That is, during the reaction in the furnace, the blockage 502 is in contact with the high temperature inside the furnace, avoiding the high temperature contact between the gas inlet 503 and the reaction in the furnace. This is beneficial to improving the service life of the gas inlet 503 and preventing the gas inlet 503 (located at the end inside the furnace) from deforming due to excessive temperature or collision with materials inside the furnace. It is also beneficial to the precise control of the gas intake.

[0162] For example, in some embodiments, the rotary kiln 300 is a reduction rotary furnace used for the reduction of copper smelting waste slag. In actual use, copper smelting waste slag is added into the furnace, and the air inlet 503 is connected to the sleeve 501. Hydrogen is supplied to the furnace through the air inlet 503 (utilizing the strong reducing properties of hydrogen at high temperatures to reduce metal ions or other ions into pure metals to form alloys. Specifically, under high-temperature conditions, hydrogen reacts with metal oxides or other compounds to generate the required elemental metals, as well as compounds such as silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, and sodium silicate). Once the hydrogen content reaches the required level, the air inlet 503 is replaced with a blocking component 502, and the reduction rotary furnace is rotated to carry out the reduction reaction. By providing hydrogen to the furnace through the air inlet device 500, the reduction efficiency is greatly improved. When the reduction rotary furnace is rotating, the external gas supply device is separate from the reduction rotary furnace (the sleeve 501 is blocked by the blocking component 502, and the air inlet 503 leaves the reduction rotary furnace), and there is no interference.

[0163] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the rotary kiln 300 can also be used as a furnace body for other functions (not limited to reduction reactions), and can also be a non-rotating setting; when the rotary kiln 300 is not a rotating setting, although the air inlet 503 will not interfere with the furnace body after the air supply is completed (the air inlet 503 is not removed from the furnace body after the air supply is completed), it will be affected by the high temperature inside the furnace body. Therefore, after the air supply is completed, the air inlet 503 still needs to be removed and replaced with the blockage part 502.

[0164] It should be noted that the safe use of the air intake device 500 is crucial. In some embodiments, safety components can be used to prevent risks such as hydrogen leakage and explosion. For example, a hydrogen leakage detection system can be installed, which includes a concentration sensor, an alarm device, and a shut-off device. The concentration sensor can monitor the hydrogen concentration in the environment in real time, usually with a ppm threshold (parts per million, indicating how many parts of a mixture are of concern). When the concentration exceeds the limit, an audible and visual alarm is triggered (triggering the alarm device), and it can be linked with the shut-off device to achieve an emergency shutdown, cutting off the gas supply within 0.5 to 2 seconds.

[0165] In some embodiments, the safety components also include a backfire prevention device and a flame suppression system. The backfire prevention device can prevent flames from entering the hydrogen pipeline in reverse and causing an explosion, such as a metal sintered flame arrester or a corrugated plate flame arrester. The flame suppression system includes a flame detector (which detects open flames via infrared or ultraviolet sensors) and a fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing device can automatically spray water mist or activate a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher to extinguish open flames, effectively improving the safety of the rotary kiln 300.

[0166] Meanwhile, a pressure relief valve, a rupture disc, and a grounding device can be installed on the rotary kiln 300. The pressure relief valve and rupture disc are linked with the aforementioned pressure sensor. When overpressure occurs, the pressure relief valve automatically releases hydrogen gas to protect the equipment. Under some extreme pressure conditions, the rupture disc can achieve one-time pressure relief to protect the equipment. The grounding device can eliminate static electricity and prevent sparks, thus improving the safety of the rotary kiln 300. At the same time, explosion-proof electrical equipment that conforms to IEC standards (international electrotechnical standards formulated by the International Electrotechnical Commission), such as explosion-proof motors and junction boxes, can be used to prevent internal sparks from coming into contact with external gas (hydrogen), thereby improving the overall safety of use.

[0167] In some embodiments, the safety components also include a gas purging system that replaces hydrogen in the pipeline with an inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) before the equipment is started or after it is shut down, to prevent the formation of an explosive mixture.

[0168] It is worth mentioning that, in order to ensure the safe use of the rotary kiln 300, the external environment of the rotary kiln 300 can also be arranged, such as setting up a ventilation system to ensure air circulation in the equipment room and reduce the risk of hydrogen accumulation, and setting up explosion vents on the roof of the equipment room (factory building) to release pressure in a directional manner in the event of an explosion and reduce the damage caused by the explosion.

[0169] Explosion-proof walls and other isolation structures can be installed around the rotary kiln 300 to limit the range of the explosion. Conspicuous signs should be added to the hydrogen pipeline to indicate the direction of hydrogen flow. At the same time, personnel operation training should be carried out, emergency procedures should be standardized, and regular maintenance should be performed.

[0170] In some embodiments, the air intake 503 is provided with an air intake hole 5031, which is divided into a first hole segment 50311, a second hole segment 50312 and a third hole segment 50313 along the axial direction of the air intake 503. The third hole segment 50313 is located at the air intake end of the air intake 503. The diameter of the second hole segment 50312 is larger than the diameter of the first hole segment 50311 and smaller than the diameter of the third hole segment 50313.

[0171] The third section 50313 is located at the air inlet end of the air inlet 503, that is, the third section 50313 is used to connect with the external air supply device to supply gas to the furnace body; correspondingly, the first section 50311 is located at the air outlet end of the air inlet 503, that is, the externally supplied gas enters the furnace body after passing through the third section 50313, the second section 50312 and the first section 50311 in sequence.

[0172] In this embodiment, the diameters of the third orifice 50313, the second orifice 50312, and the first orifice 50311 gradually decrease, and the flow rate of the gas (gas supplied by the external gas supply device) gradually increases after passing through the three orifice sections (the third orifice 50313, the second orifice 50312, and the first orifice 50311). This allows the gas entering the furnace to be transported to a farther location (the gas is further away from the gas inlet 503), so that the gas can fill the interior of the furnace, which is conducive to the full occurrence of the reaction inside the furnace.

[0173] It is worth mentioning that by changing the diameter of different orifice sections, the use of the air inlet device 500 is reduced, thus lowering production costs. Only one air inlet 503 needs to be installed on the kiln body 301 (on the same side) to ensure that the furnace is filled with the required gas. In addition, by transporting the gas to the side away from the air inlet 503, the gas is prevented from accumulating near the air inlet 503. During the process of replacing the air inlet 503 with the blockage device 502 after the air inlet is completed, the gas is less likely to flow out of the rotary kiln 300.

[0174] It should be noted that the smaller diameter of the first orifice section 50311 facilitates precise control of the gas flow rate into the furnace. The smaller diameter also reduces the amount of gas entering the furnace per unit time, allowing for more precise control of the total amount of gas entering and improving intake accuracy. The outlet end of the intake component 503 is the end closest to the furnace interior, while the intake end is the end where it connects to the external gas supply device.

[0175] In some embodiments, the wall of the third hole section 50313 is threaded, and the air inlet 503 is connected to the air supply pipeline of the external air supply device through the threaded pipe connector 700. The structure is simple and easy to use, and the threaded connection can ensure the overall airtightness and prevent gas leakage. In some embodiments, it can also be connected by quick connectors or other means, but is not limited to these.

[0176] See Figure 18 The diameter of the first hole segment 50311 is d, which satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ d ≤ 1 mm, for example, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, etc.

[0177] When the value of d is less than 0.5 mm, the diameter of the first orifice 50311 is too small, resulting in less air intake per unit time, increasing the air intake time, which is not conducive to improving production efficiency. Moreover, the small diameter makes the first orifice 50311 more prone to clogging, affecting the air intake effect. When the value of d is greater than 1 mm, the diameter of the first orifice 50311 is too large, which reduces the gas flow rate into the furnace. Under low gas flow rate conditions, the gas cannot flow well to the side opposite to the air intake component 503 (inside the furnace body), meaning that the gas is not easy to fill the inside of the furnace body, which is not conducive to improving reaction efficiency.

[0178] Therefore, when 0.5 mm ≤ d ≤ 1 mm, the first orifice section 50311 can ensure that the gas flowing through it has a sufficient flow velocity to fill the interior of the furnace body and ensure the air intake, while also preventing the first orifice section 50311 from becoming blocked.

[0179] In some embodiments, a transition section 50314 is provided between the first hole section 50311 and the second hole section 50312, and the diameter of the transition section 50314 gradually decreases in the direction from the second hole section 50312 toward the first hole section 50311.

[0180] In this embodiment, a transition section 50314 is provided between the first orifice section 50311 and the second orifice section 50312, so that the gas in the second orifice section 50312 can smoothly enter the first orifice section 50311, thereby improving the intake efficiency and intake accuracy. The transition section 50314 is equivalent to a guide surface, which can guide the gas to the first orifice section 50311 and avoid turbulence.

[0181] When the transition orifice section 50314 is not set, due to the diameter difference between the second orifice section 50312 and the first orifice section 50311, a stepped surface will be formed between them. The gas entering the first orifice section 50311 from the second orifice section 50312 will collide with the stepped surface and flow in the opposite direction. Turbulence will be formed at the connection between the second orifice section 50312 and the first orifice section 50311. The diameter of the first orifice section 50311 is small, which will affect the intake efficiency and intake accuracy.

[0182] See Figure 17 as well as Figure 21 The air inlet 503 includes a fixing part 5032 and an air inlet part 5033. The air inlet part 5033 is disposed at the end of the fixing part 5032 near the interior of the rotary kiln 300. The fixing part 5032 is screwed to the sleeve 501, and the air inlet part 5033 is detachably connected to the fixing part 5032.

[0183] The air inlet 5033 is located at the end of the fixed part 5032 near the rotary kiln 300. That is, the air inlet 5033 is closer to the rotary kiln 300. The operating temperature of the air inlet 5033 will be higher, the service life will be shorter, and it will be prone to blockage, which is not conducive to the gas entering the furnace. When the air inlet 5033 cannot meet the requirements, it can be replaced without replacing the fixed part 5032, which greatly reduces the cost of consumables.

[0184] In this embodiment, the air intake component 503 is also screwed onto the sleeve 501 via the fixing part 5032, which is convenient to install and can ensure the overall airtightness; in some embodiments, other forms of connection can also be used, not limited to this.

[0185] It should be noted that the connection between the fixing part 5032 and the air intake part 5033 can be a screw connection, a snap connection, or other connection methods, as long as the stability and airtightness of the connection between the fixing part 5032 and the air intake part 5033 are ensured.

[0186] In some embodiments, the sleeve 501 is provided with a mounting hole 5011, which is divided into a fourth hole segment 50111 and a fifth hole segment 50112 along the axial direction of the sleeve 501. The fourth hole segment 50111 is located at the end of the fifth hole segment 50112 near the interior of the rotary kiln 300. The diameter of the fourth hole segment 50111 is smaller than the diameter of the fifth hole segment 50112.

[0187] The diameter of the fourth hole section 50111 is smaller than the diameter of the fifth hole section 50112. That is, the diameter of the end of the sleeve 501 closest to the inside of the rotary kiln 300 is smaller. During the process of replacing the air inlet 503 with the blockage 502 (to complete the air inlet operation), the smaller diameter can prevent the gas in the furnace from flowing to the outside of the rotary kiln 300 through the sleeve 501, which is conducive to ensuring that the gas content in the furnace meets the usage requirements.

[0188] In some embodiments, the blocking member 502 is sequentially divided into a first blocking section 5021, a second blocking section 5022, and a third blocking section 5023 along the axial direction of the blocking member 502. The first blocking section 5021 is disposed at one end of the second blocking section 5022 near the interior of the rotary kiln 300. The diameter of the second blocking section 5022 is larger than the diameter of the first blocking section 5021, so as to form a first limiting surface 5024 between the first blocking section 5021 and the second blocking section 5022. The diameter of the second blocking section 5022 is smaller than the diameter of the third blocking section 5023, so as to form a second limiting surface 5025 between the second blocking section 5022 and the third blocking section 5023. The first limiting surface 5024 is pressed against the connection between the fourth hole section 50111 and the fifth hole section 50112, and the second limiting surface 5025 is pressed against the end of the sleeve 501 away from the rotary kiln 300.

[0189] In this embodiment, when the plugging member 502 is inserted into the sleeve 501, the first limiting surface 5024 is pressed against the third limiting surface 50113 (for ease of explanation, the connection between the fourth hole segment 50111 and the fifth hole segment 50112 is referred to as the third limiting surface 50113), and the second limiting surface 5025 is pressed against the end of the sleeve 501; that is, the plugging member 502 is protected by the first limiting surface 5024 and the second limiting surface 5025, which ensures the airtightness of the connection between the plugging member 502 and the sleeve 501, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the interior of the rotary kiln 300.

[0190] It should be noted that the plugging component 502 and the sleeve 501 can be connected by threads. In some embodiments, the threads provided on the periphery of the second plugging section 5022 are screwed into the threads on the inner wall of the sleeve 501, but this is not the only one.

[0191] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve 501 is also threaded to the rotary kiln 300. The direction of the thread on the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve 501 is the same as the direction of the thread on the periphery of the second sealing section 5022. When the plugging member 502 is screwed onto the sleeve 501, the sleeve 501 can be simultaneously fastened to the rotary kiln 300, preventing the sleeve 501 from loosening when the plugging member 502 is screwed on.

[0192] In some embodiments, the air intake device 500 further includes a flow meter configured to measure the flow rate of gas flowing through the air intake 503.

[0193] By setting the flow meter, the gas flow rate can be accurately measured. According to the actual production process, a suitable flow rate value can be set, and the controller can automatically adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve to stabilize the gas flow rate near the set value.

[0194] In some embodiments, the air intake device 500 further includes a pressure sensor disposed at the air outlet end of the air intake member 503.

[0195] By setting up a pressure sensor, gas pressure can be monitored in real time, and pressure changes can be fed back in a timely and accurate manner, thus improving the safety of use.

[0196] In some embodiments, a data acquisition system may also be set up to collect data acquired by sensors and use data analysis software to analyze the data in real time to understand the flow and pressure fluctuations during the gas supply process.

[0197] On the other hand, this application also relates to a smelting waste slag treatment system, including a smelting unit of any of the foregoing, the smelting waste slag treatment system further includes a pretreatment unit and a collection unit, the pretreatment unit is configured to pre-treat the smelting waste slag 405, and the collection unit is configured to classify and collect the smelting products.

[0198] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced mutually. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more.

[0199] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0200] The above provides a detailed description of the smelting unit and smelting slag treatment system provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand this application and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A smelting unit, characterized in that, Configured for smelting smelting waste, the smelting unit includes a rotary kiln and a burner, the burner being configured to supply flame to the rotary kiln; the burner includes: The first pipe has a first air inlet at one end and a first sealing plate at the other end. The first air inlet is configured to provide combustible gas into the first pipe. The second pipe is internally divided into a combustion section and an air intake section along the axial direction of the second pipe by a partition plate. The partition plate has multiple connecting holes. The end of the air intake section away from the combustion section is provided with a second sealing plate, and the air intake section is provided with a second air inlet. The second air inlet is configured to provide a first combustion-supporting gas into the air intake section. The first pipe is inserted into the intake section, and the end of the first pipe with the first sealing plate penetrates the partition plate and extends to the combustion section; the pipe wall of the first pipe located in the combustion section is provided with a plurality of first air outlet holes at intervals; and The ignition element has its ignition end located on the side of the first sealing plate away from the air intake section.

2. The smelting unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first tube and the second tube are coaxially arranged, and the end of the first tube with the first air inlet passes through the second sealing plate.

3. The smelting unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ignition element is inserted into the intake section, and the ignition end of the ignition element extends through the partition plate to the combustion section, while the end of the ignition element away from the ignition end extends through the second sealing plate.

4. The smelting unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The burner also includes a flame detection element, which is inserted into the air intake section, and the detection end of the flame detection element extends through the partition plate and into the combustion section; The detection end and the ignition end are respectively located on both sides of the radial direction of the first tube.

5. The smelting unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The burner also includes a third tube, which is sleeved on the second tube to form a cavity between the second tube and the third tube; one end of the cavity is blocked by the second sealing plate, and the other end is provided with a third sealing plate; The third pipe is provided with a third air inlet, which is configured to provide the first combustion-supporting gas into the cavity; the peripheral wall of the combustion section is provided with a plurality of second air outlets at intervals.

6. The smelting unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the axis of the second air outlet and the axis of the second pipe is α, which satisfies: 30°≤α≤60°.

7. The smelting unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the combustion section and the third pipe to divide the cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity. The second sub-cavity is located on the side of the sealing ring away from the intake section. The sealing ring divides the combustion section along the axial direction of the second pipe into a combustion initiation section and a combustion tail section, with the combustion initiation section located between the combustion tail section and the intake section; The burner further includes a fourth tube configured to provide a second combustion-supporting gas to the second sub-chamber, and a third air inlet configured to provide a first combustion-supporting gas to the first sub-chamber, wherein the oxygen content of the second combustion-supporting gas is higher than that of the first combustion-supporting gas. The peripheral walls of both the initial combustion section and the final combustion section are provided with the second air outlet.

8. The smelting unit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the second exhaust port in the combustion tail section is smaller than the diameter of the second exhaust port in the combustion initiation section.

9. The smelting unit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fourth tube is inserted into the first sub-cavity, with one end of the fourth tube penetrating the sealing ring and the other end penetrating the second sealing plate.

10. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary kiln includes a kiln body and a feeding device, wherein the feeding device is disposed on the inner wall of the kiln body; Along the axial direction of the kiln body, the kiln body is divided into three processing sections in sequence, with the middle processing section having the highest operating temperature; Each of the processing sections has a material feeding component on its inner wall, and a projection plane λ perpendicular to the kiln body axis is set. The orthographic projections of the material feeding components of adjacent processing sections on the projection plane λ are intersected.

11. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The rotary kiln also includes refractory bricks, which are laid on the inner wall of the processing section, and the feeding element is embedded in the refractory bricks.

12. The smelting unit as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The feeding component has an angled mounting portion and a feeding portion. The mounting portion is connected to the inner wall of the processing section. The angle between the mounting portion and the feeding portion is θ, which satisfies: 75°≤θ≤90°.

13. The smelting unit as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The three processing sections are sequentially referred to as the first processing section, the second processing section, and the third processing section along the axial direction of the kiln body. The working temperature of the second processing section is greater than that of the third processing section, and the working temperature of the third processing section is greater than that of the first processing section. The peripheral wall of the first processing section is provided with an opening, which is configured to allow smelting waste slag to enter or exit.

14. The smelting unit as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The kiln body is set at an angle to the horizontal plane η, the height of the third processing section is higher than the height of the first processing section, and the angle between the kiln body and the horizontal plane η is β, which satisfies: 2°≤β≤5°.

15. The smelting unit as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The material feeding member disposed in the first processing section is inclined along the axial direction of the kiln body. The two ends of the material feeding member are a first end and a second end, with the second end close to the second processing section. The height of the second end is lower than the height of the first end.

16. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, In each of the processing sections, four feeding components are provided at circumferential intervals along the processing section.

17. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a waste heat kiln, which and the burner are respectively located at both ends of the rotary kiln along the axial direction, and the waste heat kiln is connected to the rotary kiln; the waste heat kiln is configured to preheat the smelting waste slag, and the rotary kiln is configured to process the smelting waste slag preheated by the waste heat kiln.

18. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The waste heat kiln is inclined, and along the axial direction of the waste heat kiln, the two ends of the waste heat kiln are the third end and the fourth end. The fourth end is close to the rotary kiln, and the smelting slag is configured to enter the waste heat kiln from the third end. The height of the third end is higher than the height of the fourth end.

19. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The rotary kiln has a first connecting portion at the end near the waste heat kiln, and the diameter of the first connecting portion gradually decreases in the direction from the rotary kiln toward the waste heat kiln.

20. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the waste heat kiln, the inner wall of the waste heat kiln is provided with a plurality of material feeding plates at intervals.

21. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an air intake device configured to introduce air into the rotary kiln, the air intake device comprising a sleeve, a plugging element, and an air intake element; The sleeve is connected to the kiln body of the rotary kiln, and the sleeve penetrates the kiln body; One of the blocking element and the air inlet element is inserted into the sleeve, the blocking element is configured to block the sleeve, and the air inlet element is configured to deliver external gas into the rotary kiln.

22. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, The air intake component is provided with an air intake hole, which is divided into a first hole section, a second hole section and a third hole section along the axial direction of the air intake component. The third hole section is located at the air intake end of the air intake component. The diameter of the second hole segment is larger than the diameter of the first hole segment and smaller than the diameter of the third hole segment.

23. The smelting unit as described in claim 22, characterized in that, The diameter of the first hole is d, which satisfies: 0.5 mm ≤ d ≤ 1 mm.

24. The smelting unit as described in claim 22, characterized in that, A transition section is provided between the first hole segment and the second hole segment, and the diameter of the transition section gradually decreases in the direction from the second hole segment to the first hole segment.

25. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, The air inlet component includes a fixing part and an air inlet part, wherein the air inlet part is disposed at the end of the fixing part near the interior of the rotary kiln; The fixing part is screwed to the sleeve, and the air intake part is detachably connected to the fixing part.

26. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, The sleeve is provided with mounting holes, which are divided into a fourth hole section and a fifth hole section along the axial direction of the sleeve. The fourth hole section is located at the end of the fifth hole section near the interior of the rotary kiln. The diameter of the fourth hole segment is smaller than the diameter of the fifth hole segment.

27. The smelting unit as described in claim 26, characterized in that, The blocking component is divided into a first blocking section, a second blocking section and a third blocking section along the axial direction of the blocking component. The first blocking section is located at one end of the second blocking section near the interior of the rotary kiln. The diameter of the second blocking segment is larger than the diameter of the first blocking segment, so as to form a first limiting surface between the first blocking segment and the second blocking segment; the diameter of the second blocking segment is smaller than the diameter of the third blocking segment, so as to form a second limiting surface between the second blocking segment and the third blocking segment. The first limiting surface is pressed against the connection between the fourth hole segment and the fifth hole segment, and the second limiting surface is pressed against the end of the sleeve away from the rotary kiln.

28. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, The air intake device also includes a flow meter configured to measure the flow rate of gas flowing through the air intake.

29. The smelting unit as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, The air intake device also includes a pressure sensor, which is located at the air outlet end of the air intake component.

30. A smelting waste slag treatment system, characterized in that, The smelting slag treatment system, including the smelting unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 29, further includes a pretreatment unit and a collection unit, wherein the pretreatment unit is configured to pre-treat the smelting slag, and the collection unit is configured to classify and collect the smelted products.

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