A grate bar

Abstract

This utility model provides a grate bar, including a grate crossbeam, air guide blocks, grate legs, and a wear-resistant body. Two air guide blocks are fixedly installed at both ends of the grate crossbeam, and two grate legs are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the lower end of the grate crossbeam. Recesses are formed on the upper surfaces of the grate crossbeam and air guide blocks, and protrusions are fixedly provided on the lower surface of the wear-resistant body. The protrusions are fitted into the recesses to fix the wear-resistant body onto the upper surfaces of the grate crossbeam and air guide blocks, and the wear-resistant body covers the upper surfaces of the grate crossbeam and air guide blocks. A gap of a target width is reserved between the wear-resistant body and the grate crossbeam and air guide blocks, and an adhesive filler layer is filled in the gap. The wear-resistant body has higher wear resistance than the grate crossbeam and air guide block, which improves the impact wear resistance of the upper surface of the grate, thereby extending the replacement cycle of the grate and significantly increasing its service life. At the same time, the wear-resistant body is made of ceramic material, which can reduce production costs and improve the cost performance of the grate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sintering machine trolley technology, specifically to a grate bar used on a sintering machine trolley. Background Technology

[0002] Sintering machines are suitable for sintering operations in large-scale ferrous metallurgical sintering plants, primarily for the sintering of iron ore powder in large and medium-sized plants. The sintering machine trolley carries a mixture of iron ore, flux, and fuel. After high-temperature ignition, the iron ore is sintered under the action of ventilation. The grate bars are a key component of the trolley, supporting the pelletized material. They are easily worn parts of the trolley and are neatly arranged on the bottom crossbeams of the trolley in a grid-like pattern, typically arranged in 2-3 rows along the width of the trolley.

[0003] Currently, furnace grates are typically made of high-alloy cast steel, cast as a single piece. During sintering, the grate bars bear the weight of the moving sintering material, experiencing impacts and friction. Simultaneously, after sintering, the trolley unloads the material via an inclined carriage. The finished sintered pellets have high strength and hardness, resulting in significant impact and sliding wear on the grate bar surface. Consequently, the grate bars are prone to gradual wear and failure during the reciprocating process and unloading. Integral cast grates wear out quickly and have a short service life. Once a grate bar fails, the machine must be stopped for replacement, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and increases production costs due to downtime for maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the background art and provide an embedded composite grate bar. By using a ceramic wear-resistant body on the upper surface of the grate bar in contact with the sintering material, the wear resistance of the upper surface of the grate bar can be improved, the service life can be extended, and the production cost can be reduced.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a grate bar, comprising a grate bar crossbeam, air guide blocks, grate bar legs and wear-resistant body, wherein two air guide blocks are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the grate bar crossbeam, and two grate bar legs are respectively fixedly installed on opposite sides of the lower end of the grate bar crossbeam;

[0006] A recessed portion is provided on the upper surface of the grate beam and the air guide block, and a protrusion is fixed on the lower surface of the wear-resistant body. The protrusion is matched and installed in the recessed portion to fix the wear-resistant body on the upper surface of the grate beam and the air guide block, and the wear-resistant body covers the upper surface of the grate beam and the air guide block.

[0007] Furthermore, a gap of a target width is reserved between the wear-resistant body and the grate crossbeam and air guide block, and an adhesive filler layer is filled in the gap; the adhesive filler layer includes at least one of high-temperature refractory mortar and high-temperature adhesive.

[0008] Furthermore, the wear-resistant body includes a first wear-resistant block installed on the upper surface of the grate beam 1 and a second wear-resistant block installed on the upper surface of the air guide block; the first wear-resistant block is an integral structure, or the first wear-resistant block is composed of multiple wear-resistant combination blocks arranged end to end.

[0009] Further, the first wear-resistant block or wear-resistant combination block includes a first wear-resistant portion and a first protrusion fixed to the lower surface of the first wear-resistant portion; the second wear-resistant block includes a second wear-resistant portion and a second protrusion fixed to the lower surface of the second wear-resistant portion, the protrusion including a first protrusion and a second protrusion; the recess includes an installation groove formed on the upper surface of the grate beam and the air guide block, the installation groove extending along the length direction of the grate beam, and both ends of the installation groove extending out of the ends of the air guide block; the width and / or height of the second wear-resistant portion is greater than or equal to that of the first wear-resistant portion.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are dovetail-shaped or circular; the cross-section of the mounting groove is dovetail-shaped or circular, matching the cross-sections of the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper surface of the first wear-resistant part includes a first drainage ridge at the top and first guide surfaces symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first drainage ridge; the upper surface of the second wear-resistant part includes a second drainage ridge at the top and second guide surfaces symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second drainage ridge.

[0012] The first and second drainage ridges are at the same height as the structure, the first and second guide surfaces are at the same height as the structure, and the first and second guide surfaces are inclined or curved surfaces.

[0013] Furthermore, two guide grooves are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of each of the air guide blocks. The guide grooves are sloping grooves, with the top of the guide grooves facing the upper surface of the air guide block.

[0014] Furthermore, limit blocks are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the grate beam.

[0015] Furthermore, the grate crossbeam, air guide block, and grate legs are integral structures, made of at least one of cast iron, alloy cast iron, ductile iron, high chromium cast iron, and high alloy cast steel, and the wear-resistant body is made of at least one of alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, titanium carbide, and zirconium oxide.

[0016] The grate bars of this invention have the following beneficial effects: A wear-resistant material is applied to the upper surface of the grate bar crossbeams and air guide blocks, and the wear-resistant material is integrated with the grate bar crossbeams and air guide blocks into a single unit through a physical connection structure and adhesive filler layer. Because the wear resistance of the wear-resistant material is higher than that of the grate bar crossbeams and air guide blocks, the impact and sliding wear resistance of the upper surface of the grate bar is improved, extending the replacement cycle of the grate bar and significantly increasing its service life. Simultaneously, the use of ceramic materials for the wear-resistant material reduces production costs, thereby improving the cost-effectiveness of the grate bar. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grate bars in this utility model;

[0018] Appendix Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grate bar after the wear-resistant body has been removed in this utility model;

[0019] Appendix Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wear-resistant block 4 in this utility model;

[0020] Appendix Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second wear-resistant block 5 in this utility model;

[0021] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are explained as follows: 1. Grate beam; 2. Air guide block; 21. Guide groove; 3. Grate leg; 4. Wear-resistant assembly block; 41. First wear-resistant part; 411. First drainage ridge; 412. First guide surface; 42. First protrusion; 5. Second wear-resistant block; 51. Second drainage ridge; 511. Second guide surface; 512. Second protrusion; 52. Limiting block; 6. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings: Example

[0023] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 This embodiment provides a grate bar composed of different materials, including a grate bar crossbeam 1, an air guide block 2, a grate bar leg 3, a first wear-resistant block and a second wear-resistant block 5.

[0024] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 , 2Two air guide blocks 2 are fixedly installed at both ends of the grate beam 1, and two grate legs 3 are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the lower end of the grate beam 1. The lower surface of the air guide block 2 and the grate legs 3 form a rectangular tiger-mouth structure. The grate bars are installed on the sintering machine trolley beam using this tiger-mouth structure. The air guide blocks 2 of the grate bars are placed above the heat insulation pads on the sintering machine trolley sideboard, and the grate legs 3 hook onto the heat insulation pads on both sides, completing the installation of the grate bars on the trolley. Limiting blocks 6 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the grate beam 1. The limiting blocks 6 position the grate bars, and their arrangement prevents material from clogging between adjacent grate bars, thus preventing the grate bars from becoming difficult to disassemble.

[0025] An installation groove 11 is provided on the upper surface of the grate beam 1 and the air guide block 2. The installation groove 11 extends along the length of the grate beam 1, and the two ends of the installation groove 11 extend out of the ends of the air guide block 2. The cross section of the installation groove 11 is dovetail-shaped or circular. Only the dovetail-shaped case is shown in the attached figure. The circular case can be imagined and will not be described in detail.

[0026] Two guide grooves 21 are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of each air guide block 2. The guide grooves 21 are sloping grooves, and the top of the guide grooves 21 faces the upper surface of the air guide block 2. When the airflow passes through the air guide block 2, the guide grooves 21 are used to guide the airflow. After passing through the guide grooves 21, the airflow diffuses fully towards the lower part of the grate beam 1, preventing the high-temperature airflow from causing concentrated scouring of the sintering machine trolley beam, and effectively protecting the sintering machine trolley body from damage.

[0027] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 , 3 The first wear-resistant block is composed of multiple wear-resistant composite blocks 4 arranged end to end. The wear-resistant composite block 4 includes a first wear-resistant part 41 and a first protrusion 42 fixed on the lower surface of the first wear-resistant part 41. The cross-section of the first protrusion 42 is dovetail-shaped or circular, matching the cross-section of the mounting groove 11. The wear-resistant composite block 4 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the grate beam 1 by matching the first protrusion 42 in the recess. The first wear-resistant part 41 of the multiple wear-resistant composite blocks 4 arranged end to end covers the upper surface of the grate beam 1, so that the sintered material only contacts the first wear-resistant part 41, preventing the grate beam 1 from being worn.

[0028] Naturally, the first wear-resistant block can also adopt an integral structure, with its length consistent with the grate beam 1, and also includes a first wear-resistant part 41 and a first protrusion 42 fixed on the lower surface of the first wear-resistant part 41.

[0029] The upper surface of the first wear-resistant part 41 is a roof-type structure, including a first drainage ridge 411 at the top and first guide surfaces 412 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first drainage ridge 411; the first guide surface 412 is a slope or an arc surface.

[0030] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 , 4 The second wear-resistant block 5 includes a second wear-resistant part 51 and a second protrusion 52 fixed on the lower surface of the second wear-resistant part 51. The cross-section of the second protrusion 52 is a dovetail shape or a circle that matches the cross-section of the mounting groove 11. The second wear-resistant block 5 is installed in the recessed part through the matching of the second protrusion 52 to realize the wear-resistant assembly block 4 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the air guide block 2. The second wear-resistant part 51 covers the upper surface of the air guide block 2, so that the sintered material only contacts the second wear-resistant part 51 to prevent the air guide block 2 from being worn.

[0031] The upper surface of the second wear-resistant part 51 is also a roof-type structure, including a second drainage ridge 511 at the top and second guide surfaces 512 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second drainage ridge 511; the second guide surface 512 is a slope or an arc surface.

[0032] During the sintering production of sintering materials, the airflow formed by the negative pressure exhaust passes through the material and is guided into the first guide surface 412 and the second guide surface 512 via the first guide ridge 411 and the second guide ridge 511. This effectively controls the direction of the production airflow, guides the air to fully burn during the ignition and sintering of the material, and improves the sintering quality of the ore.

[0033] Since the width of the air guide block 2 is greater than the width of the grate beam 1, the width of the second wear-resistant part 51 is greater than the width of the first wear-resistant part 41. This ensures that the second wear-resistant part 51 and the first wear-resistant part 41 can completely cover the air guide block 2 and the grate beam 1.

[0034] The height of the second wear-resistant part 51 is equal to the height of the first wear-resistant part 41. Specifically, the height of the first drainage ridge 411 and the second drainage ridge 511 are consistent with the structure, and the connection between the two is completely matched and smoothly transitioned; the height of the first guide surface 412 and the second guide surface 512 are consistent with the structure, and the connection between the two is completely matched and smoothly transitioned.

[0035] The top heights of the second wear-resistant section 51 and the first wear-resistant section 41 are completely consistent with the structure, which can ensure uniform distribution of sintering material, ensure uniform ventilation / air distribution, reduce equipment wear, extend service life, stabilize material conveying rhythm, and improve thermal efficiency and production quality.

[0036] In this patent, the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 are responsible for the main wear resistance of the grate bars. The grate beam 1, the air guide block 2, and the grate legs 3 are integral structures that support the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 and are installed on the trolley. They are cast from at least one of the following materials: cast iron, alloy cast iron, ductile iron, high-chromium cast iron, and high-alloy cast steel. The first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 are made from at least one of the following ceramic materials: alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, titanium carbide, and zirconium oxide. Silicon carbide is preferred. Silicon carbide has a hardness second only to diamond and has strong wear resistance. Its wear resistance is 5-20 times that of cast iron, and its unit volume cost is lower. It is a high-performance wear-resistant material that can significantly improve the service life of the grate bars.

[0037] Because ceramic materials and heat-resistant cast steel have different coefficients of expansion when heated, a gap of a target width is reserved between the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 and the grate beam 1 and the air guide block 2 (this gap includes: the contact surfaces between the first wear-resistant part 41 and the grate beam 1, the contact surfaces between the second wear-resistant part 51 and the air guide block 2, the contact surfaces between the first protrusion 42 and the mounting groove 11, the contact surfaces between the second protrusion 52 and the mounting groove 11, and the contact surfaces between adjacent wear-resistant combination blocks 4). The gap is between 1 and 10 mm, and an adhesive filler layer is filled in the gap. The adhesive filler layer includes at least one of high-temperature refractory mortar and high-temperature adhesive. The adhesive filler layer serves two purposes: firstly, it balances the thermal expansion differences between different materials and provides some insulation, protecting the grate beam 1 and the air guide block 2; secondly, it securely fixes the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 to the grate beam 1 and the air guide block 2, thus integrating the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 with the grate beam 1 and the air guide block 2.

[0038] During the production of the grate bars, the grate beam 1, the air guide block 2, and the grate legs 3 are integral structures produced by casting; the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 are prefabricated blocks. The first protrusion 42 of the first wear-resistant block and the second protrusion 52 of the second wear-resistant block 5 are inserted from the end of the air guide block 2 along the mounting groove 11 to the target position, and an adhesive filler layer is injected into the gap between the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 and the grate beam 1 and the air guide block 2; or, the adhesive filler layer is first applied to the mounting surface between the first wear-resistant block and the second wear-resistant block 5 and the grate beam 1 and the air guide block 2, and then the first protrusion 42 of the first wear-resistant block and the second protrusion 52 of the second wear-resistant block 5 are inserted from the end of the air guide block 2 along the mounting groove 11 to the target position.

[0039] A gap can also be reserved between adjacent wear-resistant composite blocks 4, and an adhesive filler layer can be injected into the gap.

[0040] It is obvious that modifications and / or additions can be made to the above-mentioned grate bars and corresponding methods without departing from the scope and domain of this utility model.

[0041] It is equally clear that, although this utility model has described the grate bar in detail, those skilled in the art will certainly be able to obtain many other equivalent forms of grate bars and corresponding methods, which have the features described in the claims and are therefore within the scope of protection defined herein.

Claims

1. A grate bar, characterized in that: It includes a grate beam (1), air guide blocks (2), grate legs (3) and wear-resistant body. The two air guide blocks (2) are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the grate beam (1), and the two grate legs (3) are respectively fixedly installed on opposite sides of the lower end of the grate beam (1). A recessed portion is provided on the upper surface of the grate beam (1) and the air guide block (2), and a protrusion is fixed on the lower surface of the wear-resistant body. The protrusion is matched and installed in the recessed portion to realize that the wear-resistant body is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the grate beam (1) and the air guide block (2), and the wear-resistant body covers the upper surface of the grate beam (1) and the air guide block (2).

2. The grate bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant body includes a first wear-resistant block installed on the upper surface of the grate beam (1) and a second wear-resistant block (5) installed on the upper surface of the air guide block (2); the first wear-resistant block is an integral structure, or the first wear-resistant block is composed of multiple wear-resistant combination blocks (4) arranged end to end.

3. The grate bar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A gap of a target width is reserved between the wear-resistant body and the grate crossbeam (1) and the air guide block (2), and an adhesive filler layer is filled in the gap; the adhesive filler layer includes at least one of high-temperature refractory mortar and high-temperature adhesive.

4. The grate bar according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first wear-resistant block or wear-resistant combination block (4) includes a first wear-resistant part (41) and a first protrusion (42) fixed on the lower surface of the first wear-resistant part (41); the second wear-resistant block (5) includes a second wear-resistant part (51) and a second protrusion (52) fixed on the lower surface of the second wear-resistant part (51), the protrusion including the first protrusion (42) and the second protrusion (52); the recess includes an installation groove (11) opened on the upper surface of the grate beam (1) and the air guide block (2), the installation groove (11) extends along the length direction of the grate beam (1), and the two ends of the installation groove (11) extend out of the ends of the air guide block (2); the width and / or height of the second wear-resistant part (51) is greater than or equal to the first wear-resistant part (41).

5. The grate bar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the first protrusion (42) and the second protrusion (52) are dovetail-shaped or circular; the cross-section of the mounting groove (11) is dovetail-shaped or circular, matching the cross-sections of the first protrusion (42) and the second protrusion (52).

6. The grate bar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the first wear-resistant part (41) includes a first drainage ridge (411) at the top and a first guide surface (412) symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first drainage ridge (411); the upper surface of the second wear-resistant part (51) includes a second drainage ridge (511) at the top and a second guide surface (512) symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second drainage ridge (511). The first drainage ridge (411) and the second drainage ridge (511) have the same height as the structure, the first guide surface (412) and the second guide surface (512) have the same height as the structure, and the first guide surface (412) and the second guide surface (512) are inclined surfaces or arc surfaces.

7. The grate bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide grooves (21) are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of each of the air guide blocks (2). The guide grooves (21) are sloping grooves, and the top of the guide grooves (21) faces the upper surface of the air guide block (2).

8. The grate bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting blocks (6) are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the grate beam (1).

9. The grate bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate beam (1), air guide block (2) and grate leg (3) are integral structures, made of at least one of cast iron, alloy cast iron, ductile iron, high chromium cast iron and high alloy cast steel. The wear-resistant body is made of at least one of alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, titanium carbide and zirconium oxide.

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