A protective device for rockets after explosive bolts break and a multi-stage rocket.

Abstract

This invention provides a protective device for rocket explosive bolts after they break and for multi-stage rockets. The protective device includes: a bolt box, a screw penetrating the side wall of the bolt box, a washer disposed on the bottom surface of the bolt box, an elastic device disposed between the screw and the washer, a nut disposed on the washer, and a bolt penetrating the washer and the nut; a first lifting lug is provided at the end of the screw near the washer; a second lifting lug is provided at the end of the washer near the screw; one end of the elastic device is connected to the first lifting lug, and the other end of the elastic device is connected to the second lifting lug. This invention changes the rebound direction of the explosive bolt remnant by the contraction force of the elastic device, transforming disordered motion into controllable motion dominated by the tension of the elastic device, thus preventing the remnant from intruding into the original mating hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rocket explosive bolt protection technology, specifically to a protective device for rockets after explosive bolts break and a multi-stage rocket. Background Technology

[0002] In multi-stage rocket separation systems, explosive bolts serve as critical connection and separation devices, and their reliability directly determines the success or failure of interstage separation. After completing their intended disconnection action, traditional explosive bolts are affected by multiple factors, including residual stress release, shock wave reaction forces, and structural vibrations. The disconnected bolt remnants exhibit uncontrollable motion trajectories, especially under microgravity and vacuum conditions, where secondary springback may occur. When the bolt remnants spring back into the original mating hole, it causes mechanical interference at the mating surfaces. This can range from increasing frictional resistance at the separation surface to structural jamming, leading to interstage unlocking failure.

[0003] While existing technologies employ anti-rebound measures such as guide grooves and capture nets, they generally suffer from problems such as high structural redundancy, excessive added mass, and complex assembly processes, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of aerospace systems for lightweight and high reliability separation mechanisms. Especially in the design of new reusable rockets, the separation mechanism must adapt to multiple thermal cycles and changes in mechanical loads, posing a severe challenge to the fatigue resistance and long-term stability of traditional anti-rebound structures.

[0004] In summary, the existing technology has the following problems: the remnants of the explosive bolts pose a risk of secondary intrusion, the system reliability is not strong, and the structure is redundant. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a protective device for rockets after explosive bolts break and a multi-stage rocket. The technical problem it solves is how to reduce the risk of secondary intrusion of explosive bolt remnants, improve system reliability, and make the structure compact.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, this utility model proposes a protective device after a rocket explosive bolt breaks, comprising:

[0007] A bolt box, a screw penetrating the side wall of the bolt box, a washer disposed on the inner bottom surface of the bolt box, an elastic device disposed between the screw and the washer, a nut disposed on the washer, and a bolt penetrating the washer and the nut;

[0008] The screw is provided with a first lifting lug at one end near the washer;

[0009] The washer is provided with a second lifting lug at one end near the screw;

[0010] One end of the elastic device is connected to the first lifting lug, and the other end is connected to the second lifting lug. This ensures the accurate transmission path of the tensile force during the explosion. It also prevents the elastic device from shifting under stress, thus guaranteeing precise constraint direction on the explosive bolt remnants.

[0011] The bolt box is fixed between the front section of the rocket and the rear section of the rocket by the bolts.

[0012] Specifically, the first lifting lug is parallel to the bottom surface of the bolt box, and the second lifting lug is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bolt box.

[0013] Specifically, hooks are provided at both ends of the elastic device, and the elastic device is movably connected to the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug through the hooks.

[0014] Specifically, the angle between the elastic device and the bottom surface of the bolt box is 60° to 70°. The tensile force generated by the contraction of the elastic device can be effectively decomposed into a component force perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bolt box and a component force parallel to the bottom surface.

[0015] Specifically, the angle between the elastic device and the side of the bolt box is 30° to 40°.

[0016] Specifically, the bolt box is a cuboid or a cube.

[0017] On the other hand, this utility model proposes a multi-stage rocket, which is equipped with the aforementioned protective device after the rocket's explosive bolts are disconnected.

[0018] The beneficial technical effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0019] This invention directly constrains the movement of the explosive bolt remnant through the mechanical structure of screws, elastic devices, and washers, so that the anti-rebound function is triggered synchronously with the explosive bolt disconnection action, ensuring the reliability of the separation action.

[0020] The core component of this utility model is a protective device composed of screws, elastic devices, and washers after the rocket explosive bolts break. The structure is simple and compact, reducing moving parts and failure points, improving system reliability, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0021] This invention alters the rebound direction of the explosive bolt remnants through the contraction force of an elastic device, transforming disordered motion into controllable motion dominated by the tension of the elastic device, thus preventing the remnants from intruding into the original mating hole. The gasket and the tension elastic device form a linked structure, directly intervening in the remnant's movement through mechanical force at the moment of explosion. The response time is significantly improved compared to traditional capture nets, ensuring real-time suppression of rebound even in microgravity environments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installed structure of a protective device for a rocket after the explosive bolt has been disconnected, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure of B in the diagram;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of the protective device for rockets after the explosive bolts have been disconnected, according to an embodiment of this utility model, after installation.

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0026] 1. Forward section of the cabin; 2. Rear section of the cabin; 3. Bolt box; 31. Screw; 32. Elastic device; 33. Washer; 34. Nut; 35. Bolt; 311. First lifting lug; 331. Second lifting lug. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] This utility model embodiment provides a protective device after a rocket explosive bolt breaks, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a bolt box 3, a screw 31 penetrating the side wall of the bolt box 3, a washer 33 disposed on the inner bottom surface of the bolt box 3, an elastic device 32 disposed between the screw 31 and the washer 33, a nut 34 disposed on the washer 33, and a bolt 35 penetrating the washer 33 and the nut 34.

[0029] Bolt 35 is an explosion bolt, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bolt box 3 is fixed between the rocket's front section compartment 1 and the rocket's rear section compartment 2 by bolts 35. The bolt shank of bolt 35 is placed inside the rear section compartment 2, and the bolt head of bolt 35 is placed inside the front section compartment 1. The explosive bolts are fixed by nuts and washers 33.

[0030] Among them, screw 31 is a lifting lug screw, and screw 31 is installed on the side of bolt box 3 (explosion bolt box), such as Figure 2As shown, a first lug 311 is provided at the end of the screw 31 near the washer 33; the first lug 311 provides a fixed connection point for the elastic device 32 (tension spring). The threaded connection ensures a reliable mechanical connection between the screw 31 and the explosion bolt box, preventing loosening under the impact of an explosion. A second lug 331 is provided at the end of the washer 33 near the screw 31; the washer 33 is installed below the nut 34, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, by increasing the contact area between the nut 34 and the explosive bolt box, the local pressure generated when tightening the nut is dispersed. This avoids surface damage or thread failure of the explosive bolt box due to stress concentration, ensuring the stability of the connection structure between the lifting lug screw, the tension spring, and the explosive bolt box under the impact of an explosion. In one embodiment, the first lifting lug 311 is parallel to the bottom surface of the bolt box 3, and the second lifting lug 331 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bolt box 3. One end of the elastic device 32 is connected to the first lifting lug 311, and the other end is connected to the second lifting lug 331. In another embodiment, hooks are provided at both ends of the elastic device 32. One end of the elastic device 32 is movably connected to the first lifting lug 311 via a hook. The other end of the elastic device 32 is movably connected to the second lifting lug 331 via a hook. The connection end of the second lifting lug 331 and the tension spring forms a matching support, ensuring the accurate transmission path of the tension force of the elastic device 32 at the moment of explosion. This prevents the elastic device from shifting under force, thus ensuring the precise constraint direction of the explosive bolt remnants.

[0031] The angle between the elastic device 32 and the bottom surface of the bolt box 3 is 60° to 70°, and the angle between the elastic device 32 and the side surface of the bolt box 3 is 30° to 40°. Preferably, the angle between the elastic device 32 and the bottom surface of the bolt box 3 is 65°, and the angle between the elastic device 32 and the side surface of the bolt box 3 is 35°. The tensile force generated by the contraction of the elastic device 32 can be effectively decomposed into a component force perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bolt box 3 and a component force parallel to the bottom surface. Among them, the parallel component force can specifically change the rebound direction of the explosive bolt remnant, causing the remnant to deviate from the original mating hole position, completely eliminating the risk of secondary intrusion and reducing the risk.

[0032] Bolt box 3 is a cuboid or cube. The regular shape of the cuboid or cube facilitates docking with the standardized interfaces of spacecraft segments (such as the planar connection surface between the front and rear sections), allowing for mass production without the need for customized molds and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0033] On the other hand, this invention provides a multi-stage rocket equipped with a protective device for the broken explosive bolts used in rockets, as described above. By using active mechanical restraint, it solves the reliability problem caused by the rebound of explosive bolt remnants during interstage separation in multi-stage rockets. Simultaneously, it achieves breakthroughs in load adaptability, extreme environment tolerance, and engineering cost control. It is particularly suitable for new reusable rockets and small launch vehicles, providing key technical support for the safety and economy of rocket interstage separation systems.

[0034] This invention alters the rebound direction of the explosive bolt remnants through the contraction force of an elastic device, transforming disordered motion into controllable motion dominated by the tension of the elastic device, thus preventing the remnants from intruding into the original mating hole. A customized flat washer forms a linkage structure with the elastic device, directly intervening in the remnant's movement through mechanical force at the moment of explosion, ensuring real-time suppression of rebound even in a microgravity environment.

[0035] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. The various components of this utility model can be combined with each other without conflict. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of this utility model should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A protective device for rockets after explosive bolts have broken, characterized in that, include: Bolt box (3), screw (31) penetrating the side wall of the bolt box (3), washer (33) provided on the inner bottom surface of the bolt box (3), elastic device (32) provided between the screw (31) and the washer (33), nut (34) provided on the washer (33) and bolt (35) penetrating the washer (33) and the nut (34); The screw (31) is provided with a first lug (311) at one end near the washer (33). The washer (33) is provided with a second lug (331) at one end near the screw (31). One end of the elastic device (32) is connected to the first lug (311), and the other end of the elastic device (32) is connected to the second lug (331); The bolt box (3) is fixed between the front section of the rocket (1) and the rear section of the rocket (2) by the bolts (35).

2. The protective device for rockets after the explosive bolts have broken, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The first lifting lug (311) is parallel to the bottom surface of the bolt box (3), and the second lifting lug (331) is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the bolt box (3).

3. The protective device for rockets after the explosive bolts have broken, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... Both ends of the elastic device (32) are provided with hooks, and the elastic device (32) is movably connected to the first lug (311) and the second lug (331) through the hooks.

4. The protective device for rockets after the explosive bolts have broken, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The angle between the elastic device (32) and the bottom surface of the bolt box (3) is 60° to 70°.

5. The protective device for rocket explosive bolts after they break according to claim 4, characterized in that, The angle between the elastic device (32) and the side of the bolt box (3) is 30° to 40°.

6. The protective device for rockets after the explosive bolts have broken, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The bolt box (3) is a cuboid or a cube.

7. A multi-stage rocket, characterized in that, It is equipped with a protective device for the breakage of an explosive bolt as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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