A measuring tool for the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of steel rails

Abstract

This utility model proposes a measuring tool for the morphology of railbed corrosion pits, belonging to the technical field of rail inspection machinery and equipment. The measuring tool includes a measuring cylinder, a protective cover, and a malleable molded body. The measuring cylinder has a lower receiving cavity with an upward opening, and the protective cover has an upper receiving cavity with a downward opening. The top of the measuring cylinder is detachably inserted into the upper receiving cavity. When the measuring cylinder is inserted into the protective cover, a space is formed between the top of the measuring cylinder and the inner wall of the top of the upper receiving cavity of the protective cover. The malleable molded body is disposed in and fills the lower receiving cavity, and its top protrudes from the measuring cylinder and is accommodated within the space. This utility model proposes a measuring tool that can quickly complete the morphology imprint of railbed corrosion pits on railway sites. The tool has a simple structure, low cost, is portable and durable, and its small size meets the requirements of limited space for on-site measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail inspection machinery and equipment, and in particular to a measuring tool for measuring the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of rails. Background Technology

[0002] Measuring the corrosion condition of rail bases is an important task in railway maintenance. The purpose is to assess the degree of corrosion, determine whether the rails meet safety requirements, and decide whether replacement is necessary. Currently, corrosion measurement only covers surface corrosion; suitable tools are lacking for measuring pitting corrosion, which is one of the reasons why rail breaks caused by pitting corrosion frequently occur.

[0003] For the measurement of surface corrosion, the main focus is on measuring the area of ​​corrosion, the volume of corrosion loss (or weight loss), and the metal corrosion rate. Methods include image recognition, weight loss of the rust plate, resistance probe method, electrochemical method, piezoresistive impedance method, ultrasonic method, eddy current method, etc.

[0004] Measurement of pitting corrosion mainly focuses on two aspects: measuring the depth of pits and identifying pits from images. Methods for measuring pit depth include traditional contact measurement, optical non-contact measurement, and ultrasonic thickness measurement. Currently, the most commonly used method is the contact depth gauge method (depth ruler), supplemented by a ruler to measure length and width. However, the limited space under the rails in the field often prevents operators from measuring all pits, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement. Non-contact measurement instruments such as optical and ultrasonic instruments are very expensive and easily damaged by bumps or dirt in field applications.

[0005] In view of this, based on years of experience in production and design in this and related fields, the inventor has designed a measuring tool for the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of rails through repeated experiments, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a measuring tool for the morphology of rail bottom corrosion pits, which can quickly obtain the morphology of rail bottom corrosion pits on the railway site.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a measuring tool for the morphology of railbed corrosion pits. The measuring tool includes a measuring cylinder, a protective cover, and a malleable shape. The measuring cylinder has a lower receiving cavity with an upward opening, and the protective cover has an upper receiving cavity with a downward opening. The top of the measuring cylinder is detachably inserted into the upper receiving cavity. When the measuring cylinder is inserted into the protective cover, a protective space is formed between the top of the measuring cylinder and the inner wall of the top of the upper receiving cavity of the protective cover. The malleable shape is disposed in the lower receiving cavity and fills the lower receiving cavity. The top of the malleable shape protrudes from the measuring cylinder and is accommodated within the space.

[0008] The measuring tool described above has a measuring cylinder whose top wall is flat and forms a measuring reference surface.

[0009] The measuring tool described above, wherein the lower accommodating cavity is a frustoconical cavity that gradually expands in diameter from top to bottom.

[0010] As described above, the measuring tool includes a base and a cylindrical body extending vertically. The base has an upward-opening receiving groove, and the bottom of the cylindrical body is detachably inserted into the receiving groove.

[0011] The measuring tool described above has two clamping planes symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both sides of the base.

[0012] The measuring tool described above has two clamping planes symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both sides of the cylindrical body.

[0013] The measuring tool described above, wherein the malleable model is a malleable model made of industrial clay.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and advantages:

[0015] The rail bottom corrosion pit morphology measurement tool proposed in this utility model enables the rapid completion of a complete rubbing of the rail bottom corrosion pit morphology on the railway site. Using the machined plane of the outer cylindrical surface of the base and the upper surface of the cylinder body as a reference, key parameters such as the pit depth, bottom radius, and cross-sectional area perpendicular to the length of the rail can be accurately obtained through on-site rubbing and indoor microscope measurement.

[0016] The railbed corrosion pit morphology measuring tool proposed in this utility model has a simple structure, low cost, portability and durability. It can scientifically assess the degree of danger of corrosion pits by calculating the stress intensity factor, effectively ensuring the safety of railway operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement this invention according to specific circumstances.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring tool for measuring the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of the rail proposed in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the on-site testing of the measuring tool in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring tool used in this utility model for indoor testing.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0022] 100. Measuring tool; 1. Cylinder body; 11. Lower receiving cavity; 12. Measuring reference surface; 2. Base; 21. Clamping plane; 3. Protective cover; 4. Plastic shape; 200. Rail; 300. Observation platform; 310. Magnet; 320. Lens. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The details of this utility model can be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of specific embodiments. However, the specific embodiments of this utility model described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the utility model in any way. Under the teachings of this utility model, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on this utility model, and these should all be considered to fall within the scope of this utility model.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, the directions such as up, down, left, and right mentioned in this document refer to those shown in this utility model. Figure 1 The directions of up, down, left, and right are used as a reference, and will be explained here.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model proposes a measuring tool 100 for measuring the morphology of rail bottom corrosion pits. The measuring tool 100 includes a measuring cylinder, a protective cover 3, and a malleable shape 4. The measuring cylinder has a lower receiving cavity 11 with an upward opening, and the protective cover 3 has an upper receiving cavity with a downward opening. The top of the measuring cylinder can be detachably inserted into the upper receiving cavity. When the measuring cylinder is inserted into the protective cover 3, a gap space is formed between the top of the measuring cylinder and the top inner wall of the upper receiving cavity of the protective cover 3. The malleable shape 4 is disposed in the lower receiving cavity 11 and fills the lower receiving cavity 11. The top of the malleable shape 4 protrudes from the measuring cylinder and is accommodated in the gap space. The protective cover 3 and the measuring cylinder can prevent the malleable shape 4 from being deformed by collision during subsequent movement and carrying.

[0026] The measuring tool 100 for measuring the morphology of rail bottom corrosion pits proposed in this utility model has a structure of measuring cylinder and protective cover 3. A malleable molded body 4 is filled in the measuring cylinder, with the top of the malleable molded body 4 protruding from the measuring cylinder and accommodated in the space of the protective cover 3. When the malleable molded body 4 protruding from the top of the measuring cylinder is pressed against the bottom surface of the rail 200, the top shape of the malleable molded body 4 changes according to the bottom shape of the rail 200, thereby imprinting the corrosion pits on the bottom surface of the rail 200 on site. Then, the depth, bottom radius and cross-sectional area of ​​the corrosion pit formed by the malleable molded body 4 are measured under an indoor microscope, realizing the rapid and convenient imprinting of rail bottom corrosion pits on the railway site.

[0027] The measuring tool 100 for measuring the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of rails proposed in this utility model has a simple structure, low cost, and small size to meet the requirements of limited space for on-site measurement. It is also easy to carry and operate, and can effectively protect the malleable shape 4 from damage during measurement and transportation, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0028] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, the top of the measuring cylinder wall is planar and forms a measuring reference surface 12.

[0029] Specifically, when the measuring cylinder is inserted into the upper receiving cavity of the protective cover 3, the cylinder wall of the measuring cylinder mates with the inner top wall of the protective cover 3, ensuring that the protruding part of the top of the malleable model 4 is accommodated within the space. The measuring reference surface 12 at the top of the measuring cylinder wall guides the vertical positioning of the measuring cylinder on the rail 200, enabling the malleable model 4 to be accurately embedded in the rail bottom erosion pit for morphological imprinting. In actual use, the measuring cylinder is placed at the rail bottom erosion pit of the rail 200 to be measured, so that the measuring reference surface 12 is in contact with the rail bottom surface of the rail 200, thereby providing a stable reference for subsequent filling of the erosion pit and measurement work of the malleable model 4, improving the accuracy and reliability of obtaining the morphological features of the rail bottom erosion pit, and avoiding morphological distortion or measurement errors caused by tilting.

[0030] Preferably, the measurement reference plane 12 is perpendicular to the axis of the measuring cylinder. This ensures that the axis of the measuring cylinder remains perpendicular to the track during placement and measurement, further improving the accuracy and reliability of obtaining the morphology of the rail bottom erosion pits and avoiding morphology distortion or measurement errors caused by tilting.

[0031] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, the protective cover 3 is placed on top of the measuring cylinder to protect the malleable molded body 4 inside, so as to prevent the malleable molded body 4 from being bumped and deformed in the later stage, which would affect the measurement results.

[0032] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, the lower accommodating cavity 11 is a frustoconical cavity that gradually expands in diameter from top to bottom.

[0033] The lower cavity 11 of the measuring cylinder is designed as a frustum-shaped cavity, with its diameter gradually increasing from top to bottom. The malleable molded body 4 fills this frustum-shaped cavity and protrudes from the top. The conical inner wall guides the molded body to naturally expand and tightly fill the recessed area of ​​the corrosion pit on the bottom of the rail 200 during the pressing operation, ensuring that the molded body completely conforms to the morphology of the corrosion pit. Through the above structure, the malleable molded body 4 is more stable during placement and fixing, ensuring that the malleable molded body 4 will not shift or fall out during the measurement process.

[0034] In one optional embodiment of the present invention, the measuring cylinder includes a base 2 and a cylinder body 1 that extends vertically. The base 2 has an upward-opening receiving groove, and the bottom of the cylinder body 1 is detachably inserted into the receiving groove.

[0035] Specifically, the cylindrical body 1 is used to accommodate the malleable molded body 4 and press it onto the bottom of the rail 200. After the molded body is completed, the molded body and the measuring tool 100 are demolded by separating the cylindrical body 1 from the base 2. The split structure solves the problem of difficult demolding after the molded body has solidified, avoids deformation or damage to the molded body caused by forced disassembly, ensures the integrity of the rail bottom erosion pit restoration structure, and improves the reusability of the measuring tool 100.

[0036] In an optional example of this implementation, the cylinder body 1 and the base 2 are connected by threads.

[0037] In another optional example of this implementation, the cylinder body 1 and the base 2 are magnetically connected.

[0038] In one alternative embodiment of this implementation, both the base 2 and the outer wall of the cylinder body 1 are provided with clamping planes 21.

[0039] In an optional example, two clamping planes 21 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 2.

[0040] Preferably, the clamping plane 21 on the base 2 is parallel to the axis of the measuring cylinder, serving as the reference surface for placing the malleable model 4. Specifically, when observing the malleable model 4 after it has been printed indoors, the base 2 is placed on the observation platform, and the clamping plane 21 on the base 2 serves as the contact surface between the base 2 and the observation platform.

[0041] In an optional example, two clamping planes 21 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cylinder body 1, which can be separated with a wrench if corrosion occurs between the cylinder body 1 and the base 2 or if it is tightened too much.

[0042] In one optional example of this embodiment, the base 2 and the cylinder body 1 are both made of metal.

[0043] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, the base 2, the cylindrical body 1, and the protective cover 3 are all cylindrical.

[0044] In another optional embodiment of this utility model, the base 2, the cylindrical body 1, and the protective cover 3 are all prismatic in shape.

[0045] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, the height of the measuring cylinder is less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0046] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, the malleable model 4 is a malleable model 4 made of industrial clay.

[0047] Specifically, during operation, the industrial clay is directly filled into the lower cavity 11 of the measuring cylinder and protrudes from the top. Through pressing, the industrial clay is embedded into the etched pits on the bottom of the 200 rail. The concave shape can be completely imprinted without curing, and the composite structure remains stable after removal. By utilizing the instant molding properties of industrial clay, the waiting time of traditional curing materials is avoided, enabling rapid and accurate imprinting of the etched pit shape. Its flexibility ensures complete filling of complex contours, and it does not deform after demolding, guaranteeing the authenticity and reliability of the measurement data.

[0048] It is particularly important to note that, unlike existing methods that use a liquid plastic molded body 4 for casting and require solidification before measurement, the plastic molded body 4 in this invention is a solid material with a certain degree of plasticity. When subjected to a certain external force, its shape can change accordingly. During measurement, the plastic molded body 4 is pressed firmly against the bottom surface of the rail 200. Under the reaction force of the bottom surface of the rail 200, the shape of the plastic molded body 4 changes, filling the etched pits on the bottom surface of the rail 200. When the plastic molded body 4 is removed from the rail 200, the shape of its surface matches the shape of the etched pits on the bottom surface of the rail 200, thus achieving the replication and imprinting of the etched pits.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2 , 3The following is a detailed description of the specific implementation process of the measuring tool 100 for measuring the morphology of rail bottom corrosion pits proposed in this utility model, with reference to an embodiment.

[0050] The measurement process of the measuring tool 100 includes two parts: on-site measurement and indoor measurement.

[0051] During on-site measurement, first remove the fasteners of rail 200, then raise rail 200 by about 15mm so that the measuring cylinder, which is no more than 10mm high, can be smoothly inserted into the bottom of rail 200. The maximum depth of the corrosion pit at the bottom of rail 200 is generally about 2mm.

[0052] Visually inspect the rail base using a mirror or industrial endoscope. Select large pits or crevice corrosion pits and remove corrosion products inside using a small brush or other cleaning tools. Apply liquid lubricant to the inside of the pit to prevent the malleable molded body 4 from sticking to the bottom of the pit. Pinch the top of the malleable molded body 4 into a pointed protrusion. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 With the outer cylindrical surface of the base 2 machined perpendicular to the length of the rail 200, press the measuring cylinder upwards, aligning it with the bottom of the corrosion pit, to ensure that the upper surface of the cylinder body 1 is in firm contact with the bottom surface of the rail 200. Remove the measuring cylinder, cover it with the protective cover 3, and the on-site measurement is complete.

[0053] Indoor measurements were performed under a video microscope; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 As shown, during measurement, the clamping plane 21 on the outer wall of the base 2 is placed on the observation platform 300. To prevent instability, two measuring cylinders can be placed on the observation platform 300 simultaneously, and the bases 2 of the two measuring cylinders are attracted together by magnets 310. During measurement, the observation angle of the video microscope lens 320 and the relative position of the lens 320 and the observation platform 300 are adjusted with the measuring reference plane 11 of the measuring cylinder as the reference, so that the reference plane 11 of the measuring cylinder is parallel to the observation direction. The distance from the top of the malleable model 4 to the measuring reference plane 11 is the pit depth. The cross-sectional shape between the top of the malleable model 4 and the cylinder body 1 is the cross-sectional shape of the pit on the cross-section perpendicular to the length of the rail 200, and its area is measured. The radius of the top arc of the malleable model 4 is the bottom radius of the pit.

[0054] The measuring tool 100 for measuring the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of rails proposed in this utility model has a simple structure, low cost, and is small and portable, making it convenient for use on the bottom of rails.

[0055] The measuring tool 100 for measuring the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of rails proposed in this utility model is not afraid of impacts or contamination, and is convenient for on-site measurement.

[0056] The detailed explanations of the above embodiments are intended only to explain the present invention so as to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention for any reason. In particular, the various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments. Unless there is an explicit description to the contrary, these features should be understood to be applicable to any embodiment, and not limited to the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A measuring tool for the morphology of corrosion pits on the bottom of steel rails, characterized in that, The measuring tool includes a measuring cylinder, a protective cover, and a malleable shape. The measuring cylinder has a lower receiving cavity with an upward opening, and the protective cover has an upper receiving cavity with a downward opening. The top of the measuring cylinder is detachably inserted into the upper receiving cavity. When the measuring cylinder is inserted into the protective cover, a protective space is formed between the top of the measuring cylinder and the inner wall of the top of the upper receiving cavity of the protective cover. The malleable shape is disposed in the lower receiving cavity and fills the lower receiving cavity. The top of the malleable shape protrudes from the measuring cylinder and is accommodated within the space.

2. The measuring tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the measuring cylinder wall is flat and forms a measuring reference surface.

3. The measuring tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower accommodating cavity is a frustoconical cavity that gradually expands in diameter from top to bottom.

4. The measuring tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring cylinder includes a base and a cylindrical body that extends vertically. The base has an upward-opening receiving groove, and the bottom of the cylindrical body is detachably inserted into the receiving groove.

5. The measuring tool as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Two clamping planes are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls on both sides of the base.

6. The measuring tool as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Two clamping planes are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both sides of the cylinder body.

7. The measuring tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The malleable model is a malleable model made of industrial clay.

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