A kind of motor car brake shoe detection limiting device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a limiting device for testing brake pads of high-speed trains, belonging to the field of brake pad testing technology. Key technical features include a workbench with a moving mechanism on its top. Limiting mechanisms are welded to both the top and front of the moving mechanism. The limiting mechanism uses an inflatable airbag as a direct limiting component. After being inflated by a bidirectional air pump, the airbag flexibly adheres to the brake pad surface. Compared to traditional rigid grippers, this avoids squeezing and deforming the brake pad friction block or base plate. The upper and lower inflatable airbags are controlled by independent air pipes and electromagnetic single-way valves, and a flow divider is used to achieve airflow separation. The inflation pressure of a single airbag can be adjusted via a PLC controller according to the brake pad size and testing requirements, ensuring both limiting tightness and preventing damage to the airbag or deformation of the brake pad due to over-inflation. This adapts to the testing requirements of brake pads of different thicknesses and materials. The limiting shell is fitted with a fixing screw hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of brake pad detection technology, and in particular to a limiting device for detecting brake pads of high-speed trains. Background Technology

[0002] Brake pads are a core component for the safe operation of high-speed trains. They can withstand extreme high temperatures and pressures during high-speed braking and maintain stable friction performance. China's high-speed train brake pad technology has reached the international advanced level and has achieved large-scale exports.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing patents offer solutions. However, current limiting devices for testing high-speed train brake pads lack a structure for limiting brake pads at different angles. In actual operation, the contact between high-speed train brake pads and the brake disc is not limited to a single plane. Some irregularly shaped brake pads or those with angular deviations after wear require testing of key parameters such as friction performance and wear at specific tilt angles. Existing devices cannot adjust the tilt angle of the brake pads, making it impossible to conduct tests under such special conditions. This necessitates the use of specialized tooling, which increases testing costs and reduces testing efficiency.

[0004] To address this, a limiting device for detecting brake pads on high-speed trains is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a limiting device for testing brake pads of high-speed trains. This device addresses the problem that existing brake pad testing methods lack a structure for limiting brake pads at different angles. In actual operation, the contact between the brake pads and the brake disc is not limited to a single plane. Some irregularly shaped brake pads or those with angular deviations after wear require testing of key parameters such as friction performance and wear at specific tilt angles. Existing devices cannot adjust the tilt angle of the brake pads, making it impossible to conduct tests under such special conditions. This necessitates the use of specialized tooling, which increases testing costs and reduces testing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a limiting device for detecting brake pads of high-speed trains, comprising a workbench, a moving mechanism being provided on the top of the workbench, and limiting mechanisms welded to the top and front of the moving mechanism. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting shell, two fixing screw holes, a mounting groove, an expansion airbag, a ventilation pipe, an electromagnetic single-way valve, a diverter pipe, a connecting hose, and a bidirectional air pump. The limiting shell is welded to the top surface and the front surface of the moving mechanism, respectively. The fixing screw holes are respectively located on both sides of the top and front of the moving mechanism. The mounting groove is located inside the limiting shell. The expansion airbag is installed inside the mounting groove. The ventilation pipe is fixedly connected to the rear of the lower expansion airbag and the bottom of the upper expansion airbag, respectively. The electromagnetic single-way valve is installed at the bottom of the upper ventilation pipe and the rear of the lower ventilation pipe, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the diverter is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper ventilation pipe, the front side of the diverter is fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower ventilation pipe, the connecting hose is fixedly connected to the rear side of the diverter, the bidirectional air pump is installed on the rear side of the workbench, and the rear side of the connecting hose is fixedly connected to the front side of the bidirectional air pump.

[0008] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a moving slot, a lead screw, a threaded sleeve, a servo motor, a lower moving plate, a torsion spring rod, a support plate, and a PLC controller, with the moving slot located on the top of the worktable.

[0009] Preferably, the lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of the moving slot, the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw, the servo motor is installed on the left side of the worktable, the left side of the lead screw is connected to a connecting shaft via a flat key, and the output end of the right side of the servo motor passes through the worktable and is fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the lower moving plate is welded to the top of the threaded sleeve, the torsion spring rod is installed on the rear side of the lower moving plate, the support plate is welded to the surface of the torsion spring rod, the limiting shell is welded to the top of the lower moving plate and the front side of the support plate respectively, the fixing screw holes are respectively opened on both sides of the top of the lower moving plate and both sides of the front side of the support plate, and the PLC controller is installed on the front side of the workbench.

[0011] Preferably, a support column is welded to the chamfered corner of the bottom of the workbench, and the bottom of the support column is engraved with anti-slip texture.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing ring is welded to both the side of the venting pipe near the bottom of the upper inflatable bladder and the side of the lower inflatable bladder, and the surface of the sealing ring is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0013] Preferably, a buffer pad is fixedly connected to the top of the lower movable plate and the front side of the support plate, and the surface of the buffer pad is engraved with anti-slip texture.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. The moving mechanism of this application uses a servo motor to drive the lead screw to rotate. With the threaded sleeve and the lead screw in threaded engagement, the lower moving plate can move smoothly along the axial direction of the moving groove. The lower moving plate and the support plate are connected by a torsion spring rod. The torsion spring rod can generate controllable elastic torsion along its own axis, so that the support plate drives the front limiting mechanism to achieve a certain angle fine adjustment. This solves the problem that traditional rigid connection cannot adapt to irregularly shaped brake plates or brake plates with installation tilt angle. The limiting and fixing of brake plates with different postures can be completed without changing special tooling, which greatly improves the adaptability of the device and reduces the cost of testing tooling.

[0016] 2. The limiting mechanism of this application uses an inflatable airbag as a direct limiting component. After being inflated by a bidirectional air pump, it flexibly adheres to the surface of the brake pad. Compared with traditional rigid grippers, this avoids squeezing and deformation of the brake pad friction block or base plate. The upper and lower inflatable airbags are controlled by independent air pipes and electromagnetic single-way valves, and the air path is split with the help of the diversion pipe. The inflation pressure of a single airbag can be adjusted by the PLC controller according to the brake pad size and testing requirements. This ensures the limiting tightness and avoids damage to the airbag or deformation of the brake pad due to over-inflation. It is suitable for testing brake pads of different thicknesses and materials. The limiting shell, together with the fixing screw hole, allows for initial mechanical positioning of the brake pad with bolts. Then, the inflatable airbag achieves flexible compression, forming a double fixation of mechanical positioning and airbag limiting. This effectively prevents the brake pad from loosening, avoids testing accidents, and improves operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the limiting device for detecting brake pads of high-speed trains according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing screw hole of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting groove of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lead screw of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the threaded sleeve of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram, 1. Workbench; 2. Moving mechanism; 21. Moving slot; 22. Lead screw; 23. Threaded sleeve; 24. Servo motor; 25. Lower moving plate; 26. Torsion spring rod; 27. Support plate; 28. PLC controller; 3. Limiting mechanism; 31. Limiting shell; 32. Fixing screw hole; 33. Mounting slot; 34. Inflatable airbag; 35. Ventilation pipe; 36. Electromagnetic one-way valve; 37. Diverter pipe; 38. Connecting hose; 39. Two-way air pump; 4. Support column; 5. Sealing ring; 6. Buffer pad. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-6 The present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0026] A limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train includes a workbench 1. A moving mechanism 2 is provided on the top of the workbench 1. Limiting mechanisms 3 are welded to the top and front of the moving mechanism 2. The limiting mechanism 3 includes a limiting shell 31, two fixing screw holes 32, a mounting groove 33, an expansion airbag 34, a ventilation pipe 35, an electromagnetic one-way valve 36, a diverter pipe 37, a connecting hose 38, and a bidirectional air pump 39. The limiting shell 31 is welded to the top surface and the front surface of the moving mechanism 2, respectively. The fixing screw holes 32 are respectively opened on both sides of the top and the front of the moving mechanism 2. The mounting groove 33 is opened inside the limiting shell 31. The expansion airbag 34 is installed inside the mounting groove 33. The ventilation pipe 35 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower expansion airbag 34 and the bottom of the upper expansion airbag 34, respectively. The electromagnetic one-way valve 36 is installed at the bottom of the upper ventilation pipe 35 and the rear side of the lower ventilation pipe 35, respectively.

[0027] In this embodiment: the workbench 1 provides a stable mounting platform for the moving mechanism 2 and the limiting mechanism 3. The limiting shell 31 supports and limits the mounting groove 33 and the brake pads. The fixing screw hole 32 uses bolts to pre-fix the brake pads, providing a stable foundation for the subsequent flexible limiting of the airbag and preventing the brake pads from shifting during adjustment. The mounting groove 33 enables the embedded installation of the airbag, preventing lateral sliding of the airbag during inflation or deflation. After inflation, the inflatable airbag 34 can adapt to the surface contour of the brake pads, achieving a full fit even for irregularly shaped brake pads. To solve the problem of poor adaptability of traditional rigid limiters, the ventilation pipes 35 are connected to the upper and lower inflatable airbags 34 respectively, realizing independent air supply or exhaust control. The electromagnetic single-way valve 36 responds to the instructions of the PLC controller 28 to realize the on and off control of the ventilation pipes 35. The diversion pipe 37 realizes the diversion connection between the connecting hose 38 and the upper and lower ventilation pipes 35. The connecting hose 38 connects the diversion pipe 37 and the bidirectional air pump 39, which can adapt to the displacement adjustment of the moving mechanism 2 and avoid damage caused by pulling. The bidirectional air pump 39 has both inflation and exhaust functions, eliminating the need for additional exhaust equipment.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the top of the diversion pipe 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper ventilation pipe 35, the front side of the diversion pipe 37 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower ventilation pipe 35, the connecting hose 38 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the diversion pipe 37, the bidirectional air pump 39 is installed on the rear side of the workbench 1, and the rear side of the connecting hose 38 is fixedly connected to the front side of the bidirectional air pump 39.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the moving mechanism 2 includes a moving slot 21, a lead screw 22, a threaded sleeve 23, a servo motor 24, a lower moving plate 25, a torsion spring rod 26, a support plate 27, and a PLC controller 28. The moving slot 21 is located on the top of the worktable 1.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the lead screw 22 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the moving groove 21, the threaded sleeve 23 is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw 22, the servo motor 24 is installed on the left side of the worktable 1, the left side of the lead screw 22 is connected to the connecting shaft by a flat key, and the output end of the right side of the servo motor 24 passes through the worktable 1 and is fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting shaft.

[0031] In this embodiment: the movable groove 21 can support and limit the lead screw 22 and the threaded sleeve 23. The lead screw 22 and the threaded sleeve 23 cooperate to convert the rotational motion of the servo motor 24 into linear displacement, providing stable power transmission to the lower movable plate 25. The threaded sleeve 23 realizes the stable transmission of power, driving the lower movable plate 25 to move. The servo motor 24 is connected to the lead screw 22 and fixed to the rotating shaft by a flat key, which can quickly realize forward and reverse switching, driving the lower movable plate 25 to move. The lower movable plate 25 moves synchronously with the lead screw 22 to realize the position adjustment of the brake plate. The torsion spring rod 26 connects the lower movable plate 25 and the support plate 27. The angle of the support plate 27 can be finely adjusted by elastic torsion, adapting to brake plates with different installation tilt angles. The support plate 27 is flexibly connected to the lower movable plate 25 by the torsion spring rod 26, and the angle can be adjusted by the torsion spring rod 26 to ensure that the limiting mechanism 3 fits tightly with the surface of the brake plate. The PLC controller 28 can synchronously adjust the servo motor 24, the electromagnetic single-way valve 36 and the bidirectional air pump 39.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the lower moving plate 25 is welded to the top of the threaded sleeve 23, the torsion spring rod 26 is installed on the rear side of the lower moving plate 25, the support plate 27 is welded to the surface of the torsion spring rod 26, the limiting shell 31 is welded to the top of the lower moving plate 25 and the front side of the support plate 27 respectively, the fixing screw holes 32 are respectively opened on both sides of the top of the lower moving plate 25 and both sides of the front side of the support plate 27, and the PLC controller 28 is installed on the front side of the workbench 1.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a support column 4 is welded to the chamfer at the bottom of the workbench 1, and the bottom of the support column 4 is engraved with anti-slip texture.

[0034] In this embodiment: by setting support columns 4, the overall support stability of the workbench 1 is improved, and positional displacement caused by vibration during the detection process is avoided. By setting anti-slip textures, the friction with the ground is increased, and the workbench 1 is prevented from sliding.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, sealing rings 5 ​​are welded to both the side of the venting pipe 35 near the bottom of the upper inflatable airbag 34 and the side of the lower inflatable airbag 34. The surface of the sealing rings 5 ​​is coated with anti-corrosion paint.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a buffer pad 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower moving plate 25 and the front side of the support plate 27. The surface of the buffer pad 6 is engraved with anti-slip texture.

[0037] In this embodiment: by setting a sealing ring 5, the air leakage path is effectively blocked, ensuring stable airbag pressure; by setting an anti-corrosion coating, the oil and dust erosion is resisted, extending the service life of the sealing components; by setting a buffer pad 6, the flexible material is used to reduce the rigid collision between the brake pad and the metal components, protecting the surface of the brake pad from damage; by setting an anti-slip texture, the friction coefficient is increased, preventing the brake pad from sliding during the detection process.

[0038] Working principle: First, after the operator connects the device to the power supply, they input the specifications of the brake pad to be tested, including the brake pad size, preset testing position, and required limit pressure, through the PLC controller 28. At this time, the servo motor 24 drives the lead screw 22 to reset, causing the lower moving plate 25 to stop at the initial end of the moving groove 21. The torsion spring rod 26 remains naturally extended, and the support plate 27 is perpendicular to the lower moving plate 25, reserving sufficient space for the brake pad placement. Next, the operator places the brake pad to be tested on the buffer pad 6 on the top of the lower moving plate 25. Then, using the fixing screw holes 32 on both sides of the top of the lower moving plate 25, the operator uses bolts to secure the brake pad. After pre-fixing, the PLC controller 28 sends a drive command to the servo motor 24 according to the preset parameters. The output end of the servo motor 24 on the right side drives the lead screw 22 to rotate smoothly inside the moving groove 21 through the connecting shaft. Since the threaded sleeve 23 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 22, the rotational motion of the lead screw 22 is converted into the linear displacement of the threaded sleeve 23, which in turn drives the lower moving plate 25 welded at the top to move along the moving groove 21 until the brake pad is delivered to the preset detection area. Then, the servo motor 24 stops working and locks the lead screw 22. After that, the PLC controller 28 synchronously sends working commands to the bidirectional air pump 39 and the solenoid single-way valve 36. The bidirectional air pump 39 starts. Inflation begins, with gas delivered through connecting hose 38 to diversion pipe 37, then guided down to ventilation pipe 35. Simultaneously, electromagnetic single-way valve 36 opens, allowing gas to smoothly enter the expansion bladder 34. The expansion bladder 34 gradually inflates within the mounting groove 33 inside the limiting shell 31. After inflation, the expansion bladder 34 adapts to the surface contour of the brake pad, tightly fitting it to achieve flexible limiting. Once the expansion bladder 34 and brake pad are stably clamped, the operator uses PLC controller 28 to close electromagnetic single-way valve 36 and stop bidirectional air pump 39. At this point, the operator can begin subsequent testing. Finally, if the brake pad to be tested has an irregular structure or special features... To determine the installation angle, the operator installs the irregularly shaped brake pad inside the limiting shell 31 on the front side of the support plate 27. Then, based on the actual posture of the brake pad, the operator manually causes the support plate 27 to elastically twist along its own axis via the torsion spring rod 26, which in turn drives the front limiting shell 31 to adjust its angle synchronously. After adjustment, the elastic force of the torsion spring rod 26 keeps the support plate 27 in the adjusted posture. After adjustment, the operator can then inspect the irregularly shaped brake pad. After inspection, the operator controls the electromagnetic single-way valve 36 to open via the PLC controller 28, causing the expansion airbag 34 to deflate and contract. The operator can then remove the bolts and take out the brake pad.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A limiting device for detecting brake pads of electric vehicles, comprising a worktable (1), characterized in that: A moving mechanism (2) is provided on the top of the workbench (1). Limiting mechanisms (3) are welded to both the top and front of the moving mechanism (2). The limiting mechanism (3) includes a limiting shell (31), two fixing screw holes (32), a mounting groove (33), an inflatable airbag (34), a ventilation pipe (35), a solenoid single-way valve (36), a diverter pipe (37), a connecting hose (38), and a two-way air pump (39). The limiting shell (31) is welded to the top surface of the moving mechanism (2) and the front surface of the moving mechanism (2). 2) On the front surface, the fixing screw holes (32) are respectively opened on both sides of the top of the moving mechanism (2) and on both sides of the front of the moving mechanism (2). The mounting groove (33) is opened on the inner side of the limiting shell (31). The inflatable airbag (34) is installed on the inner side of the mounting groove (33). The ventilation pipe (35) is respectively fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower inflatable airbag (34) and the bottom of the upper inflatable airbag (34). The electromagnetic single-way valve (36) is respectively installed on the bottom of the upper ventilation pipe (35) and the rear side of the lower ventilation pipe (35).

2. The limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the diversion pipe (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper ventilation pipe (35), the front side of the diversion pipe (37) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower ventilation pipe (35), the connecting hose (38) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the diversion pipe (37), the bidirectional air pump (39) is installed on the rear side of the workbench (1), and the rear side of the connecting hose (38) is fixedly connected to the front side of the bidirectional air pump (39).

3. The limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (2) includes a moving slot (21), a lead screw (22), a threaded sleeve (23), a servo motor (24), a lower moving plate (25), a torsion spring rod (26), a support plate (27), and a PLC controller (28). The moving slot (21) is located on the top of the workbench (1).

4. A limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lead screw (22) is rotatably connected to the inside of the moving groove (21), the threaded sleeve (23) is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw (22), the servo motor (24) is installed on the left side of the worktable (1), the left side of the lead screw (22) is connected to the connecting shaft by a flat key, and the output end of the right side of the servo motor (24) passes through the worktable (1) and is fixedly connected to the left side of the connecting shaft.

5. A limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower moving plate (25) is welded to the top of the threaded sleeve (23), the torsion spring rod (26) is installed on the rear side of the lower moving plate (25), the support plate (27) is welded to the surface of the torsion spring rod (26), the limiting shell (31) is welded to the top of the lower moving plate (25) and the front side of the support plate (27) respectively, the fixing screw holes (32) are respectively opened on both sides of the top of the lower moving plate (25) and both sides of the front side of the support plate (27), and the PLC controller (28) is installed on the front side of the workbench (1).

6. A limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column (4) is welded to the chamfer at the bottom of the workbench (1), and the bottom of the support column (4) is engraved with anti-slip texture.

7. A limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation pipe (35) is welded with a sealing ring (5) on the side near the bottom of the upper inflatable airbag (34) and on the side behind the lower inflatable airbag (34), and the surface of the sealing ring (5) is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

8. A limiting device for detecting brake pads of a high-speed train according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the lower movable plate (25) and the front side of the support plate (27) are both fixedly connected to a buffer pad (6), and the surface of the buffer pad (6) is engraved with anti-slip texture.

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