A real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument

Abstract

This utility model discloses a real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument, belonging to the field of soil erosion equipment. The instrument includes an outer casing, two or more sets of tiltable liquid-collecting mechanisms, a weighing mechanism for weighing the tiltable liquid-collecting mechanisms, a sampling tube, and a switching mechanism. The tiltable liquid-collecting mechanisms are located inside the outer casing, and the weighing mechanism is fixed to the top of the outer casing. A bracket in the tiltable liquid-collecting mechanism is connected to the weighing mechanism. The sampling tube has a sample outlet at its end, which is fixed to the switching mechanism. The aforementioned real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument can switch the sample outlet through the switching mechanism, thus enabling it to automatically and continuously sample and weigh.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil erosion equipment, and in particular to a real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Current soil erosion monitoring instruments can calculate indicators such as sediment content, runoff, bedload and suspended load content, runoff generation and termination time, and rainfall parameters by weighing and recording continuous erosion water-sediment mixtures, in order to monitor soil erosion-related indicators.

[0003] Because continuous erosion of water and sediment mixtures requires dynamic / uninterrupted weighing, which can easily affect accuracy and is difficult to implement, relatively static / discrete sampling and weighing methods are often used to ensure higher data accuracy and are also technically easier to implement. For example, a commonly used soil erosion monitoring instrument is a single-bucket monitor. However, because the single-bucket monitor needs to be emptied after it is full before it can continue to fill, an intermediate waiting time is introduced. When calculating the total sediment and runoff volume based on the sampling volume and time, the intermediate waiting time can easily lead to discontinuous data collection. Often, interpolation compensation is required after accumulation to obtain a relatively accurate estimate, which introduces a certain degree of error. In addition, since the flow rate and sediment content of the continuously eroded water-sand mixture are uncertain, the full state detected by the weight sensor and the actual full state often have a certain error. For example, the impact force of the water entering the single-bucket monitor will vary with the amount of runoff entering, which will cause a difference in the equilibrium point to some extent. When the impact force is large, the weight sensor will detect an increase in weight, which will lead to an earlier equilibrium time. Conversely, when the impact force is small, the equilibrium time will be delayed, resulting in poor detection accuracy.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN119437983A discloses a measuring device and method for monitoring soil erosion in a field runoff plot. The device includes a sand measuring device, a water measuring device, and a protective cover. The sand measuring device filters and weighs the sediment using a funnel and a scale. The water measuring device accurately calculates the water volume using a double-tipping container and a sensor. The protective cover ensures accurate entry of runoff into the device. The device is also equipped with a leveling system to ensure measurement accuracy. The measurement method consists of two steps: pre-work preparation and workflow. First, a suitable location is selected for placing the device and leveling it. Then, the sediment and water generated in the runoff plot are monitored. The sediment is separated using a funnel and its weight is measured. Simultaneously, the water volume is calculated using the double-tipping container and a sensor. Finally, the runoff is drained through a drainage system, completing the monitoring process. The aforementioned soil erosion monitoring measuring device and its measuring method utilize a double-flipping container and sensors to calculate water volume, which can effectively overcome the problem of discontinuous single-bucket collection. However, since both buckets are continuously in a water-filling state, water surface fluctuations make it difficult to determine the full state of the buckets. Furthermore, since the impact force of the incoming water varies with the amount of runoff entering, it is difficult to distinguish the magnitude of the impact force of the incoming water when weighing. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to propose a real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument, which can realize the switching of sample outlet through a switching mechanism, thereby enabling the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument to have the characteristics of automatic continuous sampling and continuous weighing.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument, including an outer casing, two or more sets of tiltable liquid-collecting mechanisms, a weighing mechanism for weighing the tiltable liquid-collecting mechanisms, a sampling tube, and a transposition mechanism. The tiltable liquid-collecting mechanisms are located inside the outer casing, the weighing mechanism is fixed to the top of the outer casing, the hanger in the tiltable liquid-collecting mechanism is connected to the weighing mechanism, and the end of the sampling tube is provided with a sample outlet, which is fixed on the transposition mechanism.

[0008] A further technical solution of this utility model is that the tiltable liquid holding mechanism includes a main hopper and an auxiliary hopper, the upper part of the main hopper is provided with an overflow port, the overflow port is connected to the inner cavity of the main hopper, and the liquid outlet end of the overflow port is located above the auxiliary hopper.

[0009] A further technical solution of this utility model is that a set of the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism corresponds to two weighing mechanisms. The weighing mechanism includes a main bucket weighing mechanism and an auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism. The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism includes a main bucket bracket and an auxiliary bucket bracket. The top of the main bucket bracket is connected to the main bucket weighing mechanism, and the top of the auxiliary bucket bracket is connected to the auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism.

[0010] A further technical solution of this utility model is that the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism further includes a main bucket main shaft, a main bucket driver, an auxiliary bucket main shaft, and an auxiliary bucket driver. The two ends of the main bucket main shaft are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms of the main bucket bracket, and the main bucket is fixed on the main bucket main shaft. The power output end of the main bucket driver is connected to the main bucket main shaft. The two ends of the auxiliary bucket main shaft are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms of the auxiliary bucket bracket, and the auxiliary bucket is fixed on the auxiliary bucket main shaft. The power output end of the auxiliary bucket driver is connected to the auxiliary bucket main shaft. When stationary, the opening of the main bucket and the opening of the auxiliary bucket face the same direction.

[0011] A further technical solution of this utility model is that both fixed arms located between the main bucket and the auxiliary bucket should be provided with clearance grooves.

[0012] A further technical solution of this utility model is that a set of the tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms corresponds to a weighing mechanism. The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism also includes a tilting main shaft, a first type of driver, and a hanger. The two ends of the tilting main shaft are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms of the hanger. The main bucket and the auxiliary bucket are both fixed on the tilting main shaft. The opening of the main bucket and the opening of the auxiliary bucket face the same direction. The power output end of the first type of driver is connected to the tilting main shaft.

[0013] A further technical solution of this utility model is that the bracket includes a main crossbeam and two fixed arms. The top ends of the two fixed arms are symmetrically fixed to both ends of the main crossbeam to form a rectangular frame with an open bottom. The flipping main shaft is located at the rectangular frame and its two ends are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms respectively.

[0014] A further technical solution of this utility model is that the weighing mechanism includes a weight sensor and a weighing bracket, the top of the weight sensor is connected to the weighing bracket, the bottom of the weight sensor is connected to the hanging bracket, and the weighing bracket is fixed to the top of the outer casing.

[0015] A further technical solution of this utility model is that the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism includes a positioner, the positioner includes a push rod motor and a limiting recess, the push rod motor is fixed on the fixed arm of the hanging frame, the limiting recess is fixed on the main bucket, and the pin at the end of the push rod motor is adapted to the limiting recess.

[0016] A further technical solution of this utility model is that a liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the outer casing.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided by this utility model is equipped with a switching mechanism with a fixed sample outlet. This switching mechanism allows two or more sets of pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms to work continuously and alternately, thereby achieving continuous automatic sampling and weighing of the eroded water-sand mixture. All two or more sets of pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms are located inside the outer casing, allowing for the collection or retesting of the water poured out by the mechanisms. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 2 It is provided in Example 1 Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side view of the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 4 It is provided in Example 1 Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a usage status diagram of the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism provided in Embodiment 2;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a partial side view of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism provided in Embodiment 2.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Tilting liquid holding mechanism; 2. Weighing mechanism; 3. Sampling tube; 4. Transposition mechanism; 11. Main bucket; 12. Auxiliary bucket; 13. Overflow port; 5. Sample outlet; 14. Tilting spindle; 15. Type I actuator; 16. Hanger; 161. Fixed arm; 162. Main crossbeam; 17. Positioner; 41. Transposition turntable; 42. Communicating vessel; 43. Type II actuator; 7. Outer casing; 8. Liquid outlet; 9. Flow sensor; 10. Liquid level sensor; 171. Push rod motor; 111. Limiting recess; 21. Weight sensor; 22. Weighing bracket; 61. Main bucket spindle; 62. Main bucket actuator; 63. Main bucket hanger; 64. Auxiliary bucket spindle; 65. Auxiliary bucket actuator; 66. Auxiliary bucket hanger; 163. Clearance groove; 23. Main bucket weighing mechanism; 24. Auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment includes an outer casing 7, two or more sets of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 for holding eroded water and sand mixtures, two or more sets of weighing mechanisms 2, sampling tubes 3, and a transposition mechanism 4. The pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 is located inside the outer casing 7, and the weighing mechanism 2 is fixed to the top of the outer casing 7. The pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 can be fixed as a whole below the weighing mechanism 2. Specifically, the hanger 16 of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the weighing mechanism 2. Each set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 includes a main bucket 11 for collecting flow and an auxiliary bucket 12 for collecting overflow. The main bucket 11 is the main device for holding eroded water and sand mixtures, that is, for collecting flow. The auxiliary bucket 12 is used to collect eroded water and sand mixtures overflowing from the main bucket 11, that is, for collecting overflow. Considering the different functions of the two and to save bucket material, the volume of the auxiliary bucket 12 is usually smaller than the volume of the main bucket 11. Preferably, the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 can correspond one-to-one with the weighing mechanism 2, that is, the weighing mechanism 2 weighs the entire pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. This is mainly because when calculating the sand content, the total mass is the main consideration, and there is no need to calculate the weight of the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 separately. An overflow port 13 is provided at the upper part of the main hopper 11, and the overflow port 13 is connected to the inner cavity of the main hopper 11. The liquid outlet of the overflow port 13 is located above the auxiliary hopper 12. When the main hopper 11 is full, the erosion water and sand mixture flows into the auxiliary hopper 12. When the main hopper 11 is full, the excess erosion water and sand mixture can flow into the auxiliary hopper 12. This effectively avoids the influence of the impact force of the erosion water and sand mixture or the lag of the weighing mechanism 2 on the actual full state. Because in this embodiment, the excess erosion water and sand mixture after the main hopper 11 is full is collected through the auxiliary hopper 12, and then the collected data of the main hopper 11 and the auxiliary hopper 12 are uniformly included in the calculation, avoiding the problem that the pourable liquid holding mechanism needs to judge the full state before pouring. It only needs to ensure that the main hopper 11 is full and overflows. Since the flow sensor 9 usually judges the hopper to be full when the detected flow value is relatively stable, the weighing machine obviously... Structure 2 is usually delayed, meaning that when the data detected by the weighing mechanism 2 remains unchanged, a portion of the erosion water and sand mixture has already flowed into the auxiliary hopper 12. Furthermore, since the main hopper 11 only overflows into the auxiliary hopper 12 after it is full, the water surface fluctuations caused by the impact of the injected erosion water and sand mixture can be mitigated by flowing into the overflow port 13, thus effectively mitigating the impact of the incoming water impact on the weighing. In particular, when the injection of erosion water and sand mixture into the main hopper 11 stops, the drainage from the overflow port 13 will be relatively delayed, and the liquid level in the main hopper 11 will drop slightly as it enters a static state. At this time, the excess erosion water and sand mixture in the main hopper 11 will continue to flow into the auxiliary hopper 12 through the overflow port 13 until the liquid level is consistent with the height of the overflow port 13. This effectively ensures that the volume of erosion water and sand mixture in the main hopper 11 is the same or almost the same each time it is full.Weighing mechanism 2 is connected to the entire pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. Weighing mechanism 2 is used to weigh the erosion water-sand mixture inside the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. Weighing mechanism 2 includes a weight sensor 21 and a weighing support 22. The top of the weight sensor 21 is connected to the weighing support 22, and the bottom of the weight sensor 21 is connected to the hanger 16 of the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. The weighing support 22 is fixed to the top of the outer casing 7, thereby indirectly detecting the weight changes of the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12. In the sand content detection experiment, weighing mechanism 2 does not need to be used separately. The weight changes of the main hopper 11 and the auxiliary hopper 12 are weighed separately. However, it is only necessary to detect the weight change of the entire pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 to obtain the total weight of the erosion water and sand mixture. Therefore, it is not necessary to weigh the erosion water and sand mixture in the main hopper 11 and the auxiliary hopper 12 separately. Of course, two weighing mechanisms 2 can be set up, and the two weighing mechanisms 2 can weigh the main hopper 11 and the auxiliary hopper 12 respectively. Then, the two weights are added together to obtain the total weight, which can achieve the same effect as this embodiment. This application does not limit the method of weighing the total weight. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment also includes a sampling tube 3 and a switching mechanism 4. The sampling tube 3 is used to transport the sampled erosion water-sand mixture to the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. The switching mechanism 4 is used to change the position of the sample outlet 5, which is located at the end of the sampling tube 3. The switching mechanism 4 drives the sample outlet 5 to alternately add erosion water-sand mixture to the main hopper 11 of different sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. Through the switching mechanism 4, two or more sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 can work alternately according to the injection requirements of erosion water-sand mixture. When one pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is in working state, another pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is ready to receive erosion water-sand mixture after pouring, thereby realizing continuous automatic sampling and weighing of erosion water-sand mixture. Although the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment may include two or more sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 for holding erosion water-sand mixture, considering that multiple pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 can work alternately, in actual use, two pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 will be used alternately in most cases.

[0030] To improve the automation level of the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument, in a further embodiment, the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment also includes a control host. The control host can be a laboratory computer or the control motherboard of the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument. The main function of the control host is to issue control commands to drive the first type of driver 15 and the second type of driver 43 to rotate. The switching control command output by the control host is used to control the switching mechanism 4 to drive the sample outlet 5 to switch positions. The tipping control command output by the control host is used to control two or more sets of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1 to alternate or take turns tipping. The control host is electrically connected to the switching mechanism 4. Specifically, the control host is electrically connected to the second type of driver 43 to drive the sample outlet 5 to switch positions above the main bucket 11 of different tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. The control host is electrically connected to the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1. Specifically, the control host is electrically connected to the first type of driver 15 to drive the tilting spindle 14 to rotate, thereby driving the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 to rotate and achieve tipping.

[0031] A flow sensor 9 is installed on the pipe of overflow outlet 13. When the sample outlet 5 injects the erosion water-sand mixture into the main hopper 11 of a set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1, the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 will change with the injection volume of the erosion water-sand mixture. If the flow sensor 9 detects a continuous flow value after a period of injection, the control host determines that the main hopper 11 is full. The control host sends a switching control command to control the switching mechanism 4 to switch the sample outlet 5 to the next set of pourable liquid-holding mechanisms 1. When the main hopper 11 is almost full, the impact force of the erosion water-sand mixture falling from the sample outlet 5 will cause water surface ripples. Even if the bucket is not completely full, the flow sensor 9 may still have a detection value. However, when the flow sensor 9 detects a continuous flow value, that is, when the main bucket 11 is steadily overflowing, the control unit can determine that the main bucket 11 is full. This effectively ensures that the main bucket 11 is full before emptying, which helps improve the accuracy of runoff estimation. At the same time, when the injection of erosion water and sand mixture stops, the main bucket 11 will continue to overflow because the overflow rate of the overflow port 13 is usually less than the injection amount of erosion water and sand mixture, until the overflow stops. At this time, the volume of erosion water and sand mixture in the main bucket 11 is stably controlled at a full state. In the prior art, since there is no auxiliary bucket 12 and overflow port 13 and the flow rate cannot be detected, the injection is usually stopped when the injected erosion water and sand mixture increases to the point where the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 no longer changes. However, the detection value of the weighing mechanism 2 is affected by the impact force of the incoming water and can only be roughly stabilized at a certain detection value, resulting in a large detection error.

[0032] To further avoid errors in weighing results caused by the kinetic energy of the erosion water-sand mixture, in a further embodiment, when the control host determines that the main bucket 11 is full, the control host performs a delay operation according to a preset time. After the delay operation is completed, a tipping control command is sent to the next tilting liquid holding mechanism 1. During the preset time, the tilting liquid holding mechanism 1 with a full bucket is in a static state. After the static state is completed, the weighing mechanism 2 weighs the tilting liquid holding mechanism 1. During the static state, the excess erosion water-sand mixture in the main bucket 11 will continue to flow into the auxiliary bucket 12 through the overflow port 13 until the liquid level is consistent with the height of the overflow port 13. This can effectively ensure that the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the main bucket 11 is the same or almost the same each time it is full. Since this embodiment uses multiple sets of tiltable liquid-holding mechanisms 1, when one tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 is full, it can be quickly switched to another tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 for liquid filling through the switching mechanism 4. The current tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 does not need to be immediately reset to receive the erosion water and sand mixture as in the single-bucket detector in the prior art. In order to eliminate the error in the weighing result caused by the kinetic energy of the erosion water and sand mixture, it can be left to stand before weighing, which further improves the accuracy of weighing.

[0033] In order to obtain the volume of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12, in a further embodiment, the control host calculates the sand content of each group of erosion water-sand mixtures. The formula for calculating the sand content is as follows:

[0034] The formula for calculating sand content is as follows:

[0035] Sediment content x = M - ρV / V

[0036] Total mass of eroded water and sediment M = Mass of main bucket mixture + Mass of auxiliary bucket mixture

[0037] Total volume of eroded water and sediment V = Volume of main bucket full V 主 +Auxiliary bucket calculated volume V 辅

[0038] ρ is the density of water;

[0039] The full volume of the main bucket 11 refers to the volume of the eroded water-sand mixture in the main bucket 11 when it is full. Since the volume corresponding to a full main bucket 11 is preset during its production, it does not need to be calculated. The calculated volume V of the auxiliary bucket 12... 辅 This refers to the volume V of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper 12, calculated by the control host after the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 has settled. 辅 For the auxiliary bucket, calculate the volume V. 辅There are at least two calculation methods. One method is based on sensor detection. A liquid level sensor 10 is set up to detect the liquid level height h of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12. The control host calculates the volume V of the erosion water-sand mixture in the auxiliary bucket 12 based on the liquid level height h. Since the total volume and total height H of the auxiliary bucket 12 are also preset, when the current liquid level height h is detected, the ratio can be calculated based on the ratio between the liquid level height h and the total height H, and then multiplied by the total volume V of the auxiliary bucket. 总 This allows us to calculate the auxiliary bucket's calculated volume V. 辅 Another method is through linear fitting. The time difference between each detection of the full container by the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is not large. At this time, it is assumed that the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 is full by assuming that the flow sensor 9 has a detection value, without considering the impact force of water. Then, after the two sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 take data alternately and perform linear fitting multiple times, the relationship between the total mass and the total volume can be deduced through the linear relationship between the full container volume and the full container mass. Thus, the total volume V of eroded water and sand can be calculated through the final total mass M of eroded water and sand.

[0040] The pourable liquid holding mechanism 1 also includes a tilting spindle 14, a first-type actuator 15, and a bracket 16. The bracket 16 includes a main crossbeam 162 and two fixed arms 161. The top ends of the two fixed arms 161 are symmetrically fixed to both ends of the main crossbeam 162, forming a rectangular frame with an open bottom. The tilting spindle 14 is located within the rectangular frame, and both ends of the tilting spindle 14 are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms 161 of the bracket 16. Specifically, one end of the tilting spindle 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the first fixed arm 161 via a bearing, and the other end of the tilting spindle 14 passes through the bottom of the other fixed arm 161. The first type of driver 15 is connected to the power output end of the first type of driver 15. The first type of driver 15 can be configured as a geared motor or a drive system composed of a motor and a reducer. The first type of driver 15 is fixed on the outer wall of another fixed arm 161. The main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 are both fixed on the tilting main shaft 14. The opening of the main bucket 11 and the opening of the auxiliary bucket 12 face the same direction. The power output end of the first type of driver 15 is connected to the tilting main shaft 14. When the first type of driver 15 receives the tilting control command from the control host, it drives the tilting main shaft 14 to rotate. The main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 will follow the tilting main shaft 14 to rotate and achieve the tilting.

[0041] To improve the stability of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 during the injection of erosion water-sand mixture, the mechanism further includes a positioner 17. The positioner 17 includes a push rod motor 171 and a limiting recess 111. The push rod motor 171 is fixed to the fixed arm 161 of the hanger 16, and the limiting recess 111 is fixed to the main bucket 11. The pin at the end of the push rod motor 171 is adapted to the limiting recess 111. When the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1 returns to its original position, the push rod motor 171 inserts the pin into the limiting recess 111 to prevent the mechanism from shaking. The positioner 17 effectively improves the stability of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism 1.

[0042] To achieve the repositioning of sample outlet 5, the repositioning mechanism 4 further includes a repositioning turntable 41, a communicating vessel 42, and a second type of driver 43. The communicating vessel 42 is used to connect the sampling tube 3 and the sample outlet 5. The second type of driver 43 can also be configured as a geared motor or a drive system composed of a motor and a reducer. The power output end of the second type of driver 43 is connected to the middle of the repositioning turntable 41. The communicating vessel 42 is located at the edge of the repositioning turntable 41. The repositioning turntable 41 is circular. When the second type of driver 43 drives the repositioning turntable 41 to rotate, it will drive the communicating vessel 42 at the edge of the repositioning turntable 41 to change position, thereby enabling the communicating vessel 42 to switch between different pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. The sample outlet 5 is fixed at the lower end of the communicating vessel 42, and the upper end of the communicating vessel 42 is connected to the end of the sampling tube 3, so that the erosion water-sand mixture injected into the sampling tube 3 can be switched between different pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. More preferably, a solenoid valve can be provided on the communicating vessel 42. The solenoid valve is used to open and close the communicating vessel 42. When the switching mechanism 4 switches positions, the communicating vessel 42 can be closed first. If the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment only includes two sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1, the main hoppers 11 of the two sets of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1 should be adjacent to each other. In this way, the switching mechanism 4 can switch the continuously flowing erosion water and sand mixture in time when switching positions.

[0043] The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment has two or more sets of pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms 1, a part of the weighing mechanism 2, and a part of the transposition mechanism 4 all located inside the outer casing 7. The bottom of the outer casing 7 is provided with a liquid outlet 8. The outer casing 7 can be used as a container to collect the weighed erosion water and sand mixture. If it is necessary to discharge the erosion water and sand mixture, it can be discharged through the liquid outlet 8. In this embodiment, the real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument is equipped with a liquid level sensor 10 on the inner wall of the outer casing 7 above the auxiliary hopper 12. The liquid level sensor 10 is configured as a laser liquid level gauge or other sensor for liquid level detection. The liquid level sensor 10 is used to detect the liquid level height h of the eroded water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper 12. The control host calculates the volume V of the eroded water-sand mixture in the auxiliary hopper 12 based on the liquid level height h. Since the auxiliary hopper 12 is rotating, if the liquid level sensor 10 is directly placed on the auxiliary hopper 12, it will affect the use of the liquid level sensor 10 when the auxiliary hopper 12 flips. Therefore, the liquid level sensor 10 is placed on the inner wall of the outer casing 7 and directly facing the middle of the liquid surface in the auxiliary hopper 12. This will not interfere with the use of the auxiliary hopper 12 and can effectively detect the liquid level in the auxiliary hopper 12.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] like Figures 6 to 7 The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument provided in this embodiment includes two or more sets of pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms 1 for holding eroded water and sand mixtures, two or more sets of weighing mechanisms 2, sampling tubes 3, and a transposition mechanism 4. Each set of pourable liquid-collecting mechanisms 1 includes a main hopper 11 for collecting the flow and an auxiliary hopper 12 for collecting the overflow. The upper part of the main hopper 11 is provided with an overflow port 13, which is connected to the inner cavity of the main hopper 11. The outlet end of the overflow port 13 is located above the auxiliary hopper 12. When the main hopper 11... After the hopper is full, the erosion water-sand mixture flows into the auxiliary hopper 12. The weighing mechanism 1 is connected to the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. The weighing mechanism 2 is used to detect the weight change of the pourable liquid holding mechanism. The sampling tube 3 is used to transport the sampled erosion water-sand mixture to the pourable liquid holding mechanism 1. The switching mechanism 4 is used to change the position of the sample outlet 5, which is located at the end of the sampling tube 3. The switching mechanism 4 drives the sample outlet 5 to alternately add erosion water-sand mixture to the main hopper 11 of different groups of pourable liquid holding mechanisms 1. The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that:

[0046] The main bucket 11 and auxiliary bucket 12 of the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 each have an independent weighing mechanism 2, that is, the weighing mechanism 2 includes a main bucket weighing mechanism 23 and an auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism 24. Correspondingly, the tiltable liquid-holding mechanism 1 includes a main bucket main shaft 61, a main bucket driver 62, a main bucket bracket 63, an auxiliary bucket main shaft 64, an auxiliary bucket driver 65, and an auxiliary bucket bracket 66. The top of the main bucket bracket 63 is connected to the main bucket weighing mechanism 23, and the top of the auxiliary bucket bracket 66 is connected to the auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism 24. The two ends of the main bucket main shaft 61 are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms 161 of the main bucket bracket 63, respectively. The auxiliary bucket 11 is fixed on the main shaft 61 of the main bucket. The power output end of the main bucket driver 62 is connected to the main shaft 61. The main bucket driver 62 can drive the main shaft 61 to rotate, thereby causing the main bucket 11 to flip. The two ends of the auxiliary bucket main shaft 64 are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms 161 of the auxiliary bucket bracket 66. The auxiliary bucket 12 is fixed on the auxiliary bucket main shaft 64. The power output end of the auxiliary bucket driver 65 is connected to the auxiliary bucket main shaft 64. The auxiliary bucket driver 65 can drive the auxiliary bucket main shaft 64 to rotate, thereby causing the auxiliary bucket 12 to flip. When stationary, the openings of the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 face the same direction. When the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 are weighed separately using independent main bucket weighing mechanisms and auxiliary bucket weighing mechanisms, the flow sensor 9 and the liquid level sensor 10 can be omitted. When the detection value of the main bucket weighing mechanism no longer changes, the main bucket 11 is considered to be in a full state. Then, combined with the linear fitting method in the embodiment, the total volume V of eroded water and sand can be estimated. In addition, clearance grooves 163 should be provided on both fixed arms 161 located between the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12. When the main bucket 11 and the auxiliary bucket 12 are in a static state, the overflow port 13 is located in the clearance groove 163, and the flipping direction can only be along the opening direction of the clearance groove 163, so as to avoid the overflow port 13 being damaged.

[0047] This utility model has been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. This utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein; other embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument, characterized in that, include: outer box; Two or more tiltable liquid-collecting mechanisms are located inside the outer casing; A weighing mechanism for weighing the pourable liquid holding mechanism, the weighing mechanism being fixed to the top of the outer casing, and a bracket in the pourable liquid holding mechanism being connected to the weighing mechanism; The sampling tube has a sample outlet at its end; A transposition mechanism is provided, and the sample outlet is fixed on the transposition mechanism.

2. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism includes a main hopper and an auxiliary hopper; An overflow port is provided at the upper part of the main hopper, and the overflow port is connected to the inner cavity of the main hopper. The liquid outlet of the overflow port is located above the auxiliary hopper.

3. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: One set of the pourable liquid-holding mechanism corresponds to two weighing mechanisms; The weighing mechanism includes a main bucket weighing mechanism and an auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism. The tiltable liquid holding mechanism includes a main bucket bracket and an auxiliary bucket bracket. The top of the main bucket bracket is connected to the main bucket weighing mechanism, and the top of the auxiliary bucket bracket is connected to the auxiliary bucket weighing mechanism.

4. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism also includes a main bucket spindle, a main bucket driver, an auxiliary bucket spindle, and an auxiliary bucket driver; The main bucket's main shaft is rotatably connected to two fixed arms of the main bucket mount at both ends. The main bucket is fixed on the main bucket's main shaft. The power output end of the main bucket driver is connected to the main bucket's main shaft. The auxiliary bucket's main shaft is rotatably connected to two fixed arms of the auxiliary bucket mount at both ends. The auxiliary bucket is fixed on the auxiliary bucket's main shaft. The power output end of the auxiliary bucket driver is connected to the auxiliary bucket's main shaft. When stationary, the openings of the main bucket and the auxiliary bucket face the same direction.

5. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both fixed arms located between the main bucket and the auxiliary bucket should be equipped with clearance grooves.

6. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: One set of the described pourable liquid-holding mechanisms corresponds to one weighing mechanism; The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism also includes a tilting main shaft, a first type of actuator, and a bracket. The two ends of the tilting main shaft are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms of the bracket. The main bucket and the auxiliary bucket are both fixed on the tilting main shaft. The opening of the main bucket and the opening of the auxiliary bucket face the same direction. The power output end of the first type of actuator is connected to the tilting main shaft.

7. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bracket includes a main crossbeam and two fixed arms; The top ends of the two fixed arms are symmetrically fixed to both ends of the main crossbeam, forming a rectangular frame with an open bottom. The rotating spindle is located in the rectangular frame and its two ends are rotatably connected to the two fixed arms respectively.

8. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The weighing mechanism includes a weight sensor and a weighing bracket; The top of the weight sensor is connected to the weighing bracket, the bottom of the weight sensor is connected to the hanging bracket, and the weighing bracket is fixed to the top of the outer casing.

9. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: The tiltable liquid-holding mechanism includes a positioner; The positioner includes a push rod motor and a limiting recess; The push rod motor is fixed on the fixed arm of the bracket, the limiting recess is fixed on the main bucket, and the pin at the end of the push rod motor is adapted to the limiting recess.

10. The real-time soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer casing is provided with a liquid outlet.

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