Electroslag slag material fusibility determination device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of metal smelting and discloses a device for judging the fusibility of electroslag slag. It includes a slag pool and a slag-forming electrode disposed above the slag pool and having one end accessible into it. The slag pool includes an annular inner wall for limiting the slag material. A conductive base plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the annular inner wall. A cooling section is provided on the outer periphery of the annular inner wall. An observation window is provided at the lower part of the annular inner wall. A high-temperature glass is embedded in the observation window, so as to provide a device for judging the melting state of the slag material by observing and reading the readings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal smelting, specifically to a device for determining the fusibility of electroslag slag. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag remelting (ESR) technology, as a core process in special metallurgy, relies heavily on the physicochemical properties of the slag system for its refining effect. The slag's meltability (including melting point, viscosity, and high-temperature rheological behavior) directly determines the thermal stability of the molten pool, the efficiency of non-metallic inclusion capture, and the quality of the solidification structure. Practice shows that incomplete slag melting can lead to a series of problems, including the formation of unmelted slag lumps, disrupting the conductivity uniformity of the slag pool, causing abnormal metal droplet size distribution, and subsequently inducing ingot segregation or surface defects. Furthermore, incompletely melted slag layers reduce thermal efficiency, forcing the process to use higher current densities, exacerbating energy consumption and electrode burn-out. Therefore, accurately assessing the slag's melting condition is crucial. Chinese patent document CN115325823A discloses a crucible structure for smelting electroslag remelting liquid slag. It consists of a graphite crucible and a steel sleeve on the outside of the graphite crucible. The steel sleeve is connected to the graphite crucible. One end of a graphite electrode is inserted into the graphite crucible to heat the slag inside. However, the above device makes it difficult to observe the melting of the slag inside the graphite crucible and to visually reflect the degree of melting. Therefore, it is difficult to directly observe the melting characteristics using existing technology, which leads to inaccurate judgment of the melting state of the slag inside the crucible and may affect the conductivity uniformity of the slag pool. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a device for judging the fusibility of electroslag slag, so as to provide a device that can observe and read the data to judge the melting state of the slag.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an electroslag slag material fusibility judgment device, including a slag pool and a slag-forming electrode disposed above the slag pool and having one end accessible into it. The slag pool includes an annular inner wall for limiting the slag material, a conductive base plate fixedly disposed at the bottom of the annular inner wall, a cooling section disposed on the outer periphery of the annular inner wall, and an observation window disposed at the lower part of the annular inner wall, with high-temperature glass embedded in the observation window.

[0005] The beneficial effects of this plan are: The melting of slag can be observed through the observation window. The change in the liquid phase height reading reflects the amount of liquid phase generated in the two-phase region of the slag, thereby enabling real-time and dynamic monitoring of the melting process. This makes the judgment results more realistic and reliable, and measures the melting process of electroslag more realistically and accurately than existing experimental methods.

[0006] Because the slag melting status can be obtained in a timely manner, operators can adjust process parameters according to the melting state, avoid excessively increasing the current density, thereby reducing energy consumption, reducing electrode burn-off, and improving overall smelting efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, the cooling section includes an outer wall disposed on the outer periphery of the annular inner wall, a gap for water passage is provided between the annular inner wall and the outer wall, a cooling water inlet is provided at the lower part of the outer wall, and a cooling water outlet is provided at the upper part of the outer wall.

[0008] The beneficial effects are as follows: the gap formed between the annular inner wall and the outer wall constitutes a water-cooling channel, with cooling water entering from the inlet and exiting from the outlet, ensuring continuous and efficient cooling of the molten slag pool during operation and preventing thermal damage to the annular inner wall caused by high-temperature molten slag. The design of cooling water flowing from bottom to top helps to form a uniform cooling effect, avoids local overheating, and improves overall cooling efficiency and safety.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the annular inner wall is made of copper.

[0010] The beneficial effects are as follows: The annular inner wall is made of copper, which has extremely high thermal conductivity, enabling it to quickly transfer the heat generated by the molten slag to the cooling water channel, accelerating heat dissipation efficiency and maintaining a stable temperature in the molten slag pool. Copper also exhibits good resistance to thermal fatigue under high-temperature conditions, making it less prone to cracking or peeling due to drastic temperature changes, thus improving the reliability of the device.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the outer wall is made of stainless steel.

[0012] The beneficial effects are: the outer wall is made of stainless steel, which has high strength and hardness, and can maintain good mechanical stability in the water cooling channel, avoiding deformation under high temperature and water pressure.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the high-temperature glass is printed with height markings.

[0014] The beneficial effect is that by printing precise height graduations on high-temperature glass, the height of the molten slag liquid phase can be directly observed and read, improving the intuitiveness of the measurement.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the inner surface of the high-temperature glass is coated with a thin layer of copper film.

[0016] The beneficial effects are: under the condition of allowing light to be transmitted for observation of the melting of slag in the furnace, the contact between molten slag and quartz material is appropriately isolated, thus reducing the corrosion of quartz material by molten slag and extending its service life.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the slag-reducing electrode material is graphite.

[0018] The beneficial effects are: graphite has excellent electrical conductivity, which can ensure a stable current input when used as a slag electrode, thereby achieving efficient heating and stable melting of slag.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, it also includes a lifting mechanism, with the slag-reducing electrode fixed at the output end of the lifting mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 Characteristic curves of typical slag sample melting for embodiments of this utility model.

[0021] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Slag-forming electrode; 2. Annular inner wall; 3. Conductive base plate; 4. Observation window; 5. Outer wall; 6. Cooling water inlet; 7. Cooling water outlet; 8. High-temperature glass; 9. Lifting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following detailed description is provided through specific implementation methods and examples: The preferred embodiments of this utility model are basically as shown in the appendix. Figure 1-2 As shown, Figure 1 The electroslag slag fusibility determination device shown includes a molten slag pool and a slag-forming electrode 1 positioned above the molten slag pool with one end accessible into it. To ensure smooth melting, the preferred embodiment of this invention uses a graphite-based slag-forming electrode 1. The molten slag pool includes an annular inner wall 2 for limiting the slag material, a conductive base plate 3 fixedly mounted at the bottom of the annular inner wall 2, a cooling section on the outer periphery of the annular inner wall 2, and an observation window 4 at the lower part of the annular inner wall 2, with a high-temperature glass 8 embedded within the observation window 4. It also includes a lifting mechanism 9, with the slag-forming electrode 1 fixed at the output end of the lifting mechanism 9.

[0023] The melting of the slag can be observed through observation window 4. The change in the liquid phase height reading reflects the amount of liquid phase generated in the two-phase region of the slag, thereby enabling real-time and dynamic monitoring of the melting process. This makes the judgment results more realistic and reliable, and measures the melting process of electroslag more realistically and accurately than existing experimental methods.

[0024] Because the slag melting status can be obtained in a timely manner, operators can adjust process parameters according to the melting state, avoid excessively increasing the current density, thereby reducing energy consumption, reducing electrode burn-off, and improving overall smelting efficiency.

[0025] To ensure reliable cooling, the preferred embodiment of this invention includes a cooling unit comprising an outer wall 5 disposed around the annular inner wall 2. A gap for water flow is provided between the annular inner wall 2 and the outer wall 5. A cooling water inlet 6 is located at the lower part of the outer wall 5, and a cooling water outlet 7 is located at the upper part of the outer wall 5. The gap between the annular inner wall 2 and the outer wall 5 forms a water-cooling channel. Cooling water enters from the inlet and exits from the outlet, ensuring continuous and efficient cooling of the molten slag pool during operation and preventing thermal damage to the annular inner wall 2 caused by high-temperature molten slag. The design of the cooling water flowing from bottom to top helps to form a uniform cooling effect, avoids local overheating, and improves overall cooling efficiency and safety.

[0026] To ensure reliable cooling, the preferred embodiment of this invention uses an annular inner wall 2 made of copper. Copper has high thermal conductivity, enabling rapid transfer of heat generated by the molten slag to the cooling water channel, accelerating heat dissipation and maintaining a stable temperature in the molten slag pool. Copper also exhibits good resistance to thermal fatigue at high temperatures, making it less prone to cracking or peeling due to drastic temperature changes, thus improving the reliability of the device. To enhance the structural strength of the device, the preferred embodiment uses an outer wall 5 made of stainless steel. Stainless steel has high strength and hardness, maintaining good mechanical stability within the water-cooling channel and preventing deformation under high temperature and water pressure.

[0027] To facilitate reading, the preferred embodiment of this invention features a height scale printed on the high-temperature glass 8. This precise height scale allows for direct observation and reading of the molten slag liquid phase height, improving the intuitiveness of the measurement. To enhance the stability of the device, the preferred embodiment of this invention features a thin layer of copper film coated on the inner surface of the high-temperature glass 8. This film moderately isolates the molten slag from the quartz material while allowing light transmission for observation of the slag melting process within the furnace. This reduces slag corrosion of the quartz material and extends its service life.

[0028] The formation of the liquid phase in the slag is observed and recorded through observation window 4. The slag gradually melts under the high temperature of the electric arc, and the formation of the liquid phase can be observed through window 4. The amount of liquid phase can be read from the height scale on window 4. For easily fusible slag, a liquid phase can form in a relatively short time under the action of the electric arc, and the liquid phase increases steadily over time. The liquid level on observation window 4 rises rapidly over time until it is completely liquefied. For refractory slag, under the same power of the electric arc, the time required for the liquid phase to appear is longer, and the increase in liquid phase over time is slow, even fluctuating. The liquid level on observation window 4 rises slowly. By recording the liquid level rise curve, the fusibility characteristics of different slags under the same power can be evaluated. Figure 2As shown, slag sample 1 began to show a liquid phase after 240 seconds, with the liquid phase height reaching its maximum at approximately 420 seconds. Slag sample 2 began to show a liquid phase after 400 seconds, with the liquid phase height rising more slowly than slag sample 1, reaching its maximum at approximately 720 seconds. Comparing the liquid phase height change curves of the two slag samples, it can be seen that slag sample 1 is easier to melt than slag sample 2. The melting characteristic curve of this slag sample can be used to determine the solubility of the slag material.

[0029] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for determining the fusibility of electroslag slag, comprising a molten slag pool and a slag-forming electrode (1) disposed above the molten slag pool and having one end accessible therein, characterized in that: The slag pool includes an annular inner wall (2) for limiting slag material. A conductive base plate (3) is fixed at the bottom of the annular inner wall (2). A cooling section is provided on the outer periphery of the annular inner wall (2). An observation window (4) is opened at the bottom of the annular inner wall (2). A high-temperature glass (8) is embedded in the observation window (4).

2. The electroslag slag fusibility determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling section includes an outer wall (5) disposed on the outer periphery of the annular inner wall (2), a gap for water passage is provided between the annular inner wall (2) and the outer wall (5), a cooling water inlet (6) is provided at the lower part of the outer wall (5), and a cooling water outlet (7) is provided at the upper part of the outer wall (5).

3. The electroslag slag fusibility determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular inner wall (2) is made of copper.

4. The electroslag slag fusibility determination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall (5) is made of stainless steel.

5. The electroslag slag fusibility determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature glass (8) has height markings printed on it.

6. The electroslag slag fusibility determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the high-temperature glass (8) is coated with a thin layer of copper film.

7. The electroslag slag fusibility determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag electrode (1) is made of graphite.

8. The electroslag slag fusibility determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lifting mechanism (9), and the slag-reducing electrode (1) is fixed at the output end of the lifting mechanism (9).

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