An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement

Abstract

This invention aims to provide an electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement that meets the requirements of multi-channel voltage and current acquisition. The invention includes a substrate on which are mounted an external power supply interface (1), a voltage regulator (2), an MCU (3), a voltage and current sampling module (4), a jumper selection module (5), an external test interface (6), and a constant current source module (7). The external power supply interface is connected to an external power source to power the entire electronic device. The voltage regulator is connected to the external power supply interface and provides a stable power supply to the MCU. One end of the voltage and current sampling module is connected to the MCU, and the other end is connected to the external test interface through the jumper selection module. The constant current source module is connected to the external power supply interface, and the other end is connected to the jumper selection module. The MCU communicates with a host computer via a UART or USB interface. This invention is applied in the field of electronic technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to an electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of automation and intelligent technologies, the demand for multi-channel voltage monitoring is increasing, especially in fields such as industrial control, environmental monitoring, and energy management. Traditional voltage acquisition systems often suffer from problems such as insufficient number of channels, low sampling accuracy, and system complexity, making it difficult to meet the high precision and high efficiency requirements of modern applications.

[0003] In industrial applications, it is often necessary to monitor voltage signals from multiple sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and battery voltages. Traditional single-channel acquisition systems not only increase hardware costs but also lead to data processing complexity. Furthermore, existing multi-channel voltage acquisition solutions often fail to provide sufficient sampling accuracy and rate, which limits the performance of real-time monitoring and control systems.

[0004] Currently, various voltage monitoring chips are available on the market, but they have different limitations in terms of channel count, accuracy, and interface protocols. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a voltage acquisition system that can simultaneously meet the requirements of high channel count, high accuracy, and simple interface.

[0005] Therefore, a solution combining a high-performance microcontroller with a multi-channel voltage monitoring chip can effectively address the aforementioned issues, providing a flexible and efficient voltage acquisition solution. This will offer strong support for various application scenarios and drive the advancement of electrical monitoring technology.

[0006] Currently, there are some multi-channel voltage and current acquisition solutions on the market, but most of them have the following shortcomings:

[0007] 1. Channel quantity limitation: Most products can only support a limited number of input channels, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale monitoring.

[0008] 2. Low measurement accuracy: Some products may be affected by environmental noise and interference when performing high-precision measurements.

[0009] 3. Low integration: The system often requires external modules, resulting in large size and complex wiring.

[0010] 4. Insufficient data processing capabilities: When processing large amounts of collected data, the real-time performance is poor and the response speed is slow.

[0011] Based on the above background, this utility model proposes a novel 24-channel voltage or 12-channel current acquisition board, aiming to address the shortcomings of the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement that can meet the requirements of multi-channel voltage and current acquisition.

[0013] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is an electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement, including a substrate. An external power supply interface, a voltage regulator, an MCU, a voltage and current sampling module, a jumper selection module, an external test interface, and a constant current source module are mounted on the substrate. The external power supply interface is connected to an external power source to power the entire electronic device. The voltage regulator is connected to the external power supply interface and provides a stable power supply to the MCU. One end of the voltage and current sampling module is connected to the MCU, and the other end is connected to the external test interface through the jumper selection module. The constant current source module is connected to the external power supply interface, and the other end of the constant current source module is connected to the jumper selection module. The MCU communicates with a host computer via a UART or USB interface. The voltage and current sampling module consists of three LTC2991 chips. The ADC device is composed of 14-bit ADC devices. Each ADC device provides 8 voltage acquisition channels or 4 current acquisition channels, which together form 24 voltage acquisition channels or 12 current acquisition channels. The four channels of one of the ADC devices are externally equipped with voltage divider resistors to acquire 0-20V single-ended voltage to be compatible with high voltage and high current.

[0014] The external power supply interface is a standard DC interface or a Type-C interface.

[0015] The voltage regulator is a low dropout regulator of model LM1117.

[0016] The MCU is an STM32F103RBT6 microcontroller with ten GPIO interfaces.

[0017] The MCU is also equipped with four test start buttons and four status indicator lights.

[0018] The MCU is equipped with several communication interfaces, which are I2C interfaces, UART interfaces, or USB interfaces.

[0019] The external test interface is a PHB connector interface, a pin header interface, or a Phoenix terminal interface.

[0020] The constant current source module consists of a constant current source of model LM334M.

[0021] An onboard sampling resistor is also built into the substrate for voltage and current acquisition.

[0022] The substrate has a 2S2P four-layer structure.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: In this utility model, the voltage and current sampling module adopts three high-precision 14-bit chips. The ADC chip is used for acquiring voltage and current signals. An overvoltage clamping protection circuit is set at the sampling input (the overvoltage clamping circuit consists of a current-limiting 0.1R resistor and a clamping chip PESD4V0Z1 (clamping voltage 4.8V, breakdown voltage 6.8V). The maximum input voltage of the ADC chip is 5V. When the acquired input voltage exceeds 4.8V, it will be clamped to 4.8V by the PESD4V0Z1. Voltage signals below 4.8V are unaffected. Simultaneously, it also provides ESD and power surge protection in the system, effectively protecting the ADC chip from overvoltage damage). This effectively ensures the accuracy and validity of the measurement data while fully guaranteeing the safety of the sampling and processing circuit, improving the stability and reliability of the system. Through the voltage and current sampling module, the device supports independent sampling of up to 12 channels of differential or 24 channels of single-ended voltage or current signals, ensuring that the signals do not interfere with each other. Through the MCU combined with the voltage and current sampling module, changing voltage and current fluctuations can be quickly captured and uploaded to the host computer via USB or serial port for real-time display of the monitored object's status. The fast response characteristics make the device suitable for dynamic testing scenarios; the four-layer board design with 2S2P sampling on the substrate effectively suppresses external noise to ensure signal transmission stability. Therefore, this invention can meet the requirements for multi-channel voltage and current acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic of the MCU's basic peripheral circuit;

[0026] Figure 3 This is the circuit schematic of the GPIO interface;

[0027] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of a 4-way test start button and a 4-way status indicator light;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the circuit schematic of the voltage and current sampling module;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the circuit schematic of the external power supply interface;

[0030] Figure 7 This is the circuit schematic of the constant current source module;

[0031] Figure 8 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the communication interface;

[0032] Figure 9 This is the circuit schematic of the external test interface;

[0033] Figure 10 This is the circuit schematic of the onboard sampling resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this utility model includes a substrate 10, on which are mounted an external power supply interface 1, a voltage regulator 2, an MCU 3, a voltage and current sampling module 4, a jumper selection module 5, an external test interface 6, and a constant current source module 7. The constant current source module 7 is used to calibrate and self-test the system to ensure the accuracy and stability of the system under different working conditions. The external power supply interface 1 connects to an external power source to power the entire electronic device. The voltage regulator 2 connects to the external power supply interface 1 and provides a stable power supply to the MCU3. One end of the voltage and current sampling module 4 is connected to the MCU3, and the other end is connected to the external test interface 6 through the jumper selection module 5. The constant current source module 7 is connected to the external power supply interface 1, and the other end of the constant current source module 7 is connected to the jumper selection module 5. The MCU3 communicates with the host computer via a UART or USB interface. The voltage and current sampling module 4 consists of three LTC2991 14-bit ADC devices. Each ADC device provides 8 voltage acquisition channels or 4 current acquisition channels, forming a total of 24 voltage acquisition channels or 12 current acquisition channels. It can also be split to acquire voltage and current simultaneously, for example, 12 voltage acquisition channels and 6 current acquisition channels. It has a 14-bit resolution and supports single-ended voltage measurement from 0 to 4.9V and differential voltage measurement from -300mV to +300mV. One of the ADC devices has external voltage divider resistors on its four channels for acquiring 0-20V single-ended voltage to be compatible with high voltage and high current. The short-circuit configuration mode of module 5 is selected by a jumper cap.

[0035] Specifically, the external power supply interface 1 is a standard DC interface or a Type-C interface. The voltage regulator 2 is a low-dropout regulator of model LM1117. The MCU3 is a single-chip microcontroller of model STM32F103RBT6, based on the ARM Cortex-M3 architecture, with a working frequency of up to 72MHz, supporting multiple peripheral interfaces (such as UART, I2C, SPI, etc.), enabling flexible system configuration. The MCU3 is equipped with ten GPIO interfaces, which are connected using 2x5 double-row sockets for system upgrade function expansion. The MCU3 is also equipped with 4 test start buttons and 4 status indicator lights. The MCU3 is equipped with several communication interfaces, which are I2C interfaces, UART interfaces, or USB interfaces. Multiple communication interfaces can provide support for multiple communication protocols. The I2C interface is used for communication between the main MCU and the ADC chip. For communication with the host computer, a standard UART or USB interface can be selected for easy data transmission and interaction. The external test interface 6 is a PHB connector interface, a pin header interface, or a Phoenix terminal interface. The constant current source module 7 consists of a constant current source of model LM334M. An onboard sampling resistor is also built into the substrate 10 for voltage and current acquisition. The substrate 10 has a 2S2P four-layer board structure.

[0036] This invention solves the problem of high cost and simplifies maintenance; it can be combined with a host computer to collect and organize voltage, current and power consumption data, and adapt to multiple products by simply changing the wiring method; multiple external test interfaces enable the system to adapt to different application platforms and scenarios, improving system applicability; optimized power management reduces energy consumption, making it suitable for applications requiring long-term stable operation; and reserved GPIO ports provide expansion interfaces, allowing for easy addition of functional modules or data acquisition channels.

[0037] This invention can meet the following high-precision measurement needs: real-time monitoring of voltage and current in power systems; current measurement in industrial automation equipment (such as motor control and electromagnetic equipment operation status monitoring); and fields with high requirements for high-precision measurement during research and development. This invention represents a significant technological advancement in high-precision voltage and current measurement. Its anti-interference capability, rapid response characteristics, and long-term stable operation make it an ideal choice for fields such as industrial automation and power system monitoring.

[0038] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement, comprising a substrate, characterized in that, An external power supply interface (1), a voltage regulator (2), an MCU (3), a voltage and current sampling module (4), a jumper selection module (5), an external test interface (6), and a constant current source module (7) are mounted on the substrate. The external power supply interface (1) is connected to an external power source to power the entire electronic device. The voltage regulator (2) is connected to the external power supply interface (1) and provides a stable power supply to the MCU (3). One end of the voltage and current sampling module (4) is connected to the MCU (3), and the other end is connected to the external test interface (6) through the jumper selection module (5). The constant current source module (7) is connected to the external power supply interface (1), and the other end is connected to the jumper selection module (5). The MCU (3) communicates with the host computer through a UART or USB interface. The voltage and current sampling module (4) consists of three LTC2991 chips. The ADC device is composed of 14-bit ADC devices. Each ADC device provides 8 voltage acquisition channels or 4 current acquisition channels, which together form 24 voltage acquisition channels or 12 current acquisition channels. The four channels of one of the ADC devices are externally equipped with voltage divider resistors to acquire 0-20V single-ended voltage to be compatible with high voltage and high current.

2. The electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external power supply interface (1) is a standard DC interface or a Type-C interface.

3. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulator (2) is a low-dropout regulator with model number LM1117.

4. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU (3) is a single-chip microcomputer with model number STM32F103RBT6, and ten GPIO interfaces are installed on the MCU (3).

5. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that, The MCU (3) is also equipped with 4 test start buttons and 4 status indicator lights.

6. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU (3) is equipped with several communication interfaces, which are I2C interfaces, UART interfaces or USB interfaces.

7. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external test interface (6) is a PHB connector interface, a pin header interface, or a phoenix terminal interface.

8. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constant current source module (7) consists of a constant current source of model LM334M.

9. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, An onboard sampling resistor is also built into the substrate for voltage and current acquisition.

10. An electronic device for high-precision voltage and current measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate has a 2S2P four-layer structure.

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