Display panel and display device

Abstract

This application discloses a display panel and a display device, belonging to the field of display technology. The display panel includes a substrate and pixel units. Each pixel unit includes at least three sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel includes a waveguide layer and a grating layer sequentially stacked on the substrate. The three sub-pixels are designated as a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel. The curvatures of the surfaces of the grating layers of the first, second, and third sub-pixels away from the substrate are a first curvature, a second curvature, and a third curvature, respectively. The first, second, and third sub-pixels are respectively configured to reflect light of a first color, a second color, and a third color. This application, through the above technical solution, can achieve color display of electronic paper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] Among related technologies, electronic paper displays are widely used due to their low power consumption, wide viewing angle, and high contrast. The mainstream manufacturing method for electronic paper employs electrophoretic display technology. Electrophoretic display technology involves coating electronic ink onto a glass substrate. The electronic ink contains numerous microcapsule structures, and the black and white particles within these microcapsules move under the influence of an electric field.

[0003] However, in electrophoretic display technology, the display of electronic paper relies on the movement of particles. Currently, the particles are mainly black and white particles, which can only achieve black and white display. The color change is relatively simple and cannot achieve color display.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new technical solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a display panel and a display device that can realize color display of electronic paper.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a display panel is provided, comprising:

[0007] Substrate; and

[0008] A pixel unit includes at least three sub-pixels, each sub-pixel including a waveguide layer and a grating layer stacked sequentially on the substrate, the three sub-pixels being a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel;

[0009] When the first sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the first sub-pixel away from the substrate is a first curvature, and the first sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a first color;

[0010] When the second sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the second sub-pixel away from the substrate is a second curvature, and the second sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a second color;

[0011] When the third sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the third sub-pixel away from the substrate is a third curvature, and the third sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a third color;

[0012] The first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature are all different; the first color is one of red, green, and blue, the second color is another of red, green, and blue, and the third color is the remaining one of red, green, and blue.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application, each sub-pixel further includes a deformation layer disposed between the substrate and the waveguide layer, the deformation layer being configured to adjust the curvature of the side surface of the grating layer away from the substrate.

[0014] In one embodiment of this application, the deformation layer includes:

[0015] A first transparent conductive layer is disposed on the substrate; and

[0016] A piezoelectric layer is disposed on the side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate;

[0017] The second transparent conductive layer is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric layer away from the first transparent conductive layer, and the waveguide layer is disposed on the side of the second transparent conductive layer away from the piezoelectric layer;

[0018] When the power is off, the curvature of the deformable layer on the side of the surface away from the substrate is equal to 0, and the curvature of the grating layer on the side of the surface away from the substrate is also equal to 0.

[0019] When the deformation layer is energized, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer away from the substrate is greater than 0, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer away from the substrate is also greater than 0.

[0020] In one embodiment of this application, when the first sub-pixel emits light, the deformation layer of the first sub-pixel is in an energized state, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the first sub-pixel away from the substrate is the first curvature;

[0021] When the second sub-pixel emits light, the deformation layer of the second sub-pixel is in an energized state, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the second sub-pixel away from the substrate is the second curvature;

[0022] When the third sub-pixel emits light, the deformation layer of the third sub-pixel is in an energized state, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the third sub-pixel away from the substrate is the third curvature.

[0023] In one embodiment of this application, when the deformation layer of the first sub-pixel is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the first sub-pixel is a first voltage;

[0024] When the deformation layer of the second sub-pixel is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the second sub-pixel is a second voltage.

[0025] When the deformation layer of the third sub-pixel is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the third sub-pixel is a third voltage.

[0026] The values ​​of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage increase sequentially;

[0027] The values ​​of the first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature increase sequentially;

[0028] The first color is red, the second color is green, and the third color is blue.

[0029] In one embodiment of this application, the sub-pixel further includes a buffer layer disposed between the deformation layer and the waveguide layer.

[0030] In one embodiment of this application, the thickness of the waveguide layer is in the range of 50 nanometers to 200 nanometers.

[0031] In one embodiment of this application, the grating layer includes a plurality of parallel and spaced metal strips, the spacing between two adjacent metal strips is a first spacing, and the sum of the width of the metal strips and the first spacing is in the range of 200 nanometers to 400 nanometers.

[0032] In one embodiment of this application, the waveguide layer is made of silicon nitride;

[0033] The material of the grating layer includes metal;

[0034] The substrate is made of glass.

[0035] According to a second aspect of this application, a display device is provided, comprising a display panel, the display panel including a substrate and pixel units, each pixel unit including at least three sub-pixels, each sub-pixel including a waveguide layer and a grating layer sequentially stacked on the substrate, the three sub-pixels being a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel; when the first sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the first sub-pixel away from the substrate is a first curvature, and the first sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a first color; when the second sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the second sub-pixel away from the substrate is a second curvature, and the second sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a second color; when the third sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the third sub-pixel away from the substrate is a third curvature, and the third sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a third color; the first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature are all different; the first color is one of red, green, and blue, the second color is another of red, green, and blue, and the third color is the remaining one of red, green, and blue.

[0036] In the display panel of this application embodiment, the pixel unit includes three sub-pixels, each sub-pixel including a waveguide layer and a grating layer. When incident light irradiates the upper surface of the grating layer, colored reflected light is generated due to the waveguide resonance effect. Specifically, the waveguide resonance effect is as follows: the incident light, after diffraction by the grating layer, generates different diffraction orders. The diffraction orders that satisfy the propagation mode of the planar waveguide are coupled into the waveguide layer for transmission to form a waveguide. Due to the leakage effect of the grating layer, the guided wave propagating in the planar waveguide is leaked out, generating a corresponding reflection spectrum, thereby displaying color. The color of the reflected light is related to the incident angle of the incident light; the smaller the incident angle, the shorter the wavelength of the reflected light. The incident angle of the incident light is related to the curvature of the upper surface of the grating layer; the greater the curvature of the upper surface of the grating layer, the smaller the incident angle of the corresponding incident light. Therefore, the corresponding relationship is that as the curvature of the upper surface of the grating layer changes, the color of the reflected light changes. This application sets the first curvature, second curvature, and third curvature to be different, thereby configuring the first sub-pixel, second sub-pixel, and third sub-pixel to reflect one of red, green, and blue light, respectively, thus achieving color (R / G / B) display of the pixel unit.

[0037] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the display panel of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the pixel unit of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a function of the wavelength of the reflected light and the incident angle of the incident light in this application;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the pixel unit of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the pixel unit of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the display panel of this application.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] 100. Display panel;

[0048] 10. Substrate;

[0049] 20. Pixel unit; 21. Sub-pixel; 21a. First sub-pixel; 21b. Second sub-pixel; 21c. Third sub-pixel; 211. Waveguide layer; 212. Grating layer; 2121. Metal strip; 213. Deformation layer; 2131. First transparent conductive layer; 2132. Piezoelectric layer; 2133. Second transparent conductive layer; 214. Buffer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0051] This application discloses a display device, which may be an electronic paper device, a tablet computer, an e-reader, an electronic display screen, a laptop computer, a mobile phone, an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, a media player, a wearable device, a digital camera, a car navigation system, etc.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 This application proposes a display panel 100, which includes a substrate 10 and pixel units 20.

[0053] Pixel unit 20 includes at least three sub-pixels 21. Each sub-pixel 21 includes a waveguide layer 211 and a grating layer 212 stacked sequentially on substrate 10. The three sub-pixels 21 are a first sub-pixel 21a, a second sub-pixel 21b, and a third sub-pixel 21c.

[0054] When the first sub-pixel 21a emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 of the first sub-pixel 21a away from the substrate 10 is a first curvature. The first sub-pixel 21a is configured to reflect light of a first color.

[0055] When the second sub-pixel 21b emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 of the second sub-pixel 21b away from the substrate 10 is a second curvature. The second sub-pixel 21b is configured to reflect light of a second color.

[0056] When the third sub-pixel 21c emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 of the third sub-pixel 21c away from the substrate 10 is a third curvature. The third sub-pixel 21c is configured to reflect light of a third color.

[0057] The first, second, and third curvatures are all different. The first color is one of red, green, and blue. The second color is another of red, green, and blue, and the third color is the remaining one of red, green, and blue.

[0058] In the display panel 100 of this embodiment, the pixel unit 20 includes three sub-pixels 21. Each sub-pixel 21 includes a waveguide layer 211 and a grating layer 212. When incident light irradiates the upper surface of the grating layer 212, colored reflected light is generated due to the film resonance effect. Specifically, the film resonance effect is as follows: the incident light, after diffraction by the grating layer 212, will generate different diffraction orders. The diffraction orders that satisfy the propagation mode of the planar waveguide will be coupled into the waveguide layer 211 for transmission to form a waveguide. Due to the leakage effect of the grating layer 212, the guided wave transmitted in the planar waveguide will leak out and generate a corresponding reflection spectrum, thereby displaying color. The color of the reflected light is related to the incident angle θ of the incident light. The smaller the incident angle θ, the shorter the wavelength of the reflected light. The incident angle θ is related to the curvature of the upper surface of the grating layer 212. The larger the curvature of the upper surface of the grating layer 212, the smaller the incident angle θ of the corresponding incident light. Therefore, the corresponding relationship is that as the curvature of the upper surface of the grating layer 212 changes, the color of the reflected light changes accordingly. This application sets the first curvature, second curvature, and third curvature to be different, thereby configuring the first sub-pixel 21a, second sub-pixel 21b, and third sub-pixel 21c to reflect one of red, green, or blue light, respectively, thus achieving color (R / G / B) display of the pixel unit 20.

[0059] Optionally, when the substrate 10 is a rigid substrate 10, the material of the substrate 10 includes glass.

[0060] Optionally, when the substrate 10 is a flexible substrate 10, the material of the substrate 10 includes polyimide.

[0061] Optionally, the waveguide layer 211 may be made of silicon nitride. Specifically, the waveguide layer 211 may be made of silicon nitride (Si3N4).

[0062] Optionally, the grating layer 212 may be made of a metal. Specifically, the grating layer 212 may be made of silver (Ag).

[0063] Optionally, the thickness of the waveguide layer 211 is in the range of 50 nanometers to 200 nanometers. The thickness of the waveguide layer 211 can be 50 nanometers, 60 nanometers, 70 nanometers, 80 nanometers, 90 nanometers, 100 nanometers, 110 nanometers, 120 nanometers, 130 nanometers, 140 nanometers, 150 nanometers, 160 nanometers, 170 nanometers, 180 nanometers, 190 nanometers, 200 nanometers, etc.

[0064] Please see Figure 2Optionally, the grating layer 212 includes a plurality of parallel and spaced metal strips 2121. The spacing between two adjacent metal strips 2121 is a first spacing D. The sum of the width L of the metal strips 2121 and the first spacing D is in the range of 200 nanometers to 400 nanometers.

[0065] In this application, the width L of the metal strip 2121 is the linewidth of the metal strip 2121, and the sum of the width L of the metal strip 2121 and the first spacing D is the grating period Λ of the grating layer 212. The value of the sum of the width L of the metal strip 2121 and the first spacing D can be 200 nm, 210 nm, 220 nm, 230 nm, 240 nm, 250 nm, 260 nm, 270 nm, 280 nm, 290 nm, 300 nm, 310 nm, 320 nm, 330 nm, 340 nm, 350 nm, 360 nm, 370 nm, 380 nm, 390 nm, 400 nm, etc.

[0066] In this application, the resonant wavelength λ of the reflected light res Typically, the grating period Λ of the grating layer 212, the thickness of the waveguide layer 211, the incident angle θ of the incident light, and the refractive index n of the waveguide layer 211 are all determined by these factors. eff The decision is made jointly. In subsequent embodiments, the grating period Λ of the grating layer 212, the thickness of the waveguide layer 211, and the refractive index n of the waveguide layer 211 are determined together. eff Under the premise of meeting the above range, by adjusting the incident angle θ of the incident light, the design of different sub-pixels 21 reflecting different colors of reflected light can be realized.

[0067] Please see Figure 3 The grating period Λ of grating layer 212 and the refractive index n of waveguide layer 211 are... eff When determined, the resonant wavelength λ of the reflected light can be adjusted by adjusting the incident angle θ of the incident light. res .

[0068] Optionally, the thickness of the grating layer 212 is less than or equal to 1 micrometer.

[0069] In this embodiment, the grating layer 212 is relatively thin and can change its shape according to the terrain.

[0070] Optionally, the thickness of the grating layer 212 is less than or equal to the thickness of the waveguide layer 211.

[0071] Please see Figure 4 Optionally, sub-pixel 21 further includes a buffer layer 214. The buffer layer 214 is disposed between the deformation layer 213 and the waveguide layer 211.

[0072] In this embodiment, the material of the buffer layer 214 includes silicon oxide (SiO2).

[0073] Optionally, each sub-pixel 21 further includes a deformation layer 213 disposed between the substrate 10 and the waveguide layer 211, the deformation layer 213 being configured to adjust the curvature of the side surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10.

[0074] In this embodiment, when the sub-pixel 21 emits light, the deformation layer 213 is in a deformed state. At this time, the center of the deformation layer 213 is concave towards the substrate 10, and the edge of the deformation layer 213 is raised away from the substrate 10, making the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 greater than 0. Since the waveguide layer 211 and the grating layer 212 are sequentially disposed on the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10, when the morphology of the side of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 changes, the thinner waveguide layer 211 and grating layer 212 cannot continue to maintain their original morphology, but will change with the change in the morphology of the deformation layer 213. At this time, the morphology of the waveguide layer 211 and the grating layer 212 will both exhibit a morphology with the center concave towards the substrate 10 and the edge raised away from the substrate 10. For incident light from the same incident direction, the incident angle θ is relatively large in the flat grating layer 212 and relatively small in the edge-warped grating layer 212. Furthermore, as the curvature of the side of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 increases, the incident angle θ of the incident light from the same incident direction continues to decrease. Therefore, in this embodiment, the morphology of the deformation layer 213 corresponding to the first sub-pixel 21a, the second sub-pixel 21b, and the third sub-pixel 21c can be adjusted so that the curvature of the surface of the first sub-pixel 21a, the second sub-pixel 21b, and the third sub-pixel 21c away from the substrate 10 is a first curvature, a second curvature, and a third curvature, respectively. This allows the first sub-pixel 21a, the second sub-pixel 21b, and the third sub-pixel 21c to reflect different colors of light when they emit light, achieving color display.

[0075] In the first embodiment of this application:

[0076] Please see Figure 5 Optionally, the deformation layer 213 includes a first transparent conductive layer 2131, a piezoelectric layer 2132, and a second transparent conductive layer 2133.

[0077] The first transparent conductive layer 2131 is disposed on the substrate 10.

[0078] The piezoelectric layer 2132 is disposed on the side of the first transparent conductive layer 2131 away from the substrate 10.

[0079] The second transparent conductive layer 2133 is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric layer 2132 away from the first transparent conductive layer 2131. The waveguide layer 211 is disposed on the side of the second transparent conductive layer 2133 away from the piezoelectric layer 2132.

[0080] When the power is off, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 is equal to 0, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 is also equal to 0.

[0081] When the deformation layer 213 is energized, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 is greater than 0, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 is greater than 0.

[0082] In this embodiment, sub-pixel 21 is in a non-light-emitting state when powered off. There is no electric field between the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133. At this time, the side of piezoelectric layer 2132 away from substrate 10 is a flat surface. Therefore, the surface of deformable layer 213 away from substrate 10 is also a flat surface with a curvature of 0. A grating layer 212 is disposed on deformable layer 213, and the surface curvature of grating layer 212 is affected by the terrain beneath it. When the curvature of the surface of deformable layer 213 away from substrate 10 is 0, the curvature of the surface of grating layer 212 away from substrate 10 is also 0.

[0083] When the sub-pixel 21 is energized, an alternating electric field is formed between the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133. Since the piezoelectric layer 2132 is made of piezoelectric material, the alternating electric field acts on it, causing the flat edges of the piezoelectric layer 2132 to warp under the influence of the inverse piezoelectric effect. This results in a shape where the center of the piezoelectric layer 2132 is concave towards the substrate 10, and the edges of the piezoelectric layer 2132 warp away from the substrate 10, making the curvature of the surface of the piezoelectric layer 2132 away from the substrate 10 greater than 0. Because the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133 are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric layer 2132, their morphology changes with the morphology of the piezoelectric layer 2132. Therefore, the curvature of the surfaces of both the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133 away from the substrate 10 is greater than 0. Therefore, the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 is a surface with upward-curving edges. The grating layer 212 is disposed on the deformation layer 213, and the surface curvature of the grating layer 212 is affected by the topography below it. When the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 is equal to 0, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 is also equal to 0.

[0084] When the deformation layer 213 is energized, the curvature value of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, etc. The curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, etc.

[0085] The materials of the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133 include indium tin oxide (ITO). The material of the piezoelectric layer 2132 includes piezoelectric materials such as zirconium titanate (PZT) or potassium sodium niobate (KNN).

[0086] The specific fabrication method is as follows: a layer of transparent conductive material is fabricated on the substrate 10, and the transparent conductive material is patterned to form a first transparent conductive layer 2131. The thickness of the first transparent conductive layer 2131 is in the range of 10 nanometers to 1000 nanometers. The patterning process can be exposure, etching, or development. Laser engraving is also an option. No specific limitations are imposed here.

[0087] A piezoelectric material layer is formed on the first transparent conductive layer 2131 by a preparation method such as vacuum deposition or liquid coating, and the piezoelectric material layer is patterned to form a piezoelectric layer 2132. The thickness of the piezoelectric layer 2132 is in the range of 1 micrometer to 10 micrometers.

[0088] A transparent conductive material is formed on the piezoelectric layer 2132, and the transparent conductive material is patterned to form a second transparent conductive layer 2133. The thickness of the second transparent conductive layer 2133 is in the range of 10 nanometers to 1000 nanometers. The patterning process can be exposure, etching, or development. The patterning process can also be laser engraving. No limitation is made here.

[0089] A waveguide layer 211 and a grating layer 212 are sequentially fabricated on the second transparent conductive layer 2133.

[0090] Please see Figure 6 Optionally, when the first sub-pixel 21a emits light, the deformation layer 213 of the first sub-pixel 21a is in an energized state. The curvature of the side surface of the grating layer 212 of the first sub-pixel 21a away from the substrate 10 is a first curvature.

[0091] When the second sub-pixel 21b emits light, the deformation layer 213 of the second sub-pixel 21b is in an energized state. The curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 of the second sub-pixel 21b away from the substrate 10 is a second curvature.

[0092] When the third sub-pixel 21c emits light, the deformation layer 213 of the third sub-pixel 21c is in an energized state. The curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 of the third sub-pixel 21c on the side away from the substrate 10 is the third curvature.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first sub-pixel 21a, the second sub-pixel 21b, and the third sub-pixel 21c are configured to reflect one of the colors red, green, and blue, respectively. As discussed in the preceding analysis, the color reflected by sub-pixels 21 is related to the incident angle θ of the incident light, which in turn is related to the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10. As the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 changes, the incident angle θ of the incident light also changes, allowing different sub-pixels 21 to reflect different colors of light.

[0094] In this embodiment, since the curvatures of the grating layer 212 on the side of the first sub-pixel 21a, the second sub-pixel 21b, and the third sub-pixel 21c away from the substrate 10 are the first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature, respectively, the first sub-pixel 21a, the second sub-pixel 21b, and the third sub-pixel 21c are configured to reflect one of the colors red, green, and blue, thereby enabling the electronic paper to achieve color display.

[0095] Please see Figure 6 Optionally, when the deformation layer 213 of the first sub-pixel 21a is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133 of the first sub-pixel 21a is a first voltage.

[0096] When the deformation layer 213 of the second sub-pixel 21b is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133 of the second sub-pixel 21b is the second voltage.

[0097] When the deformation layer 213 of the third sub-pixel 21c is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer 2131 and the second transparent conductive layer 2133 of the third sub-pixel 21c is the third voltage.

[0098] The values ​​of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage increase sequentially.

[0099] The values ​​of the first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature increase sequentially.

[0100] The first color is red, the second color is green, and the third color is blue.

[0101] In this embodiment, the deformation layer 213 is formed by stacking a first transparent conductive layer 2131, a piezoelectric layer 2132, and a second transparent conductive layer 2133. When energized, because the piezoelectric layer 2132 is made of a piezoelectric material, as the voltage between the first and second transparent conductive layers 2131 increases, the piezoelectric layer 2132 is more affected by the inverse piezoelectric effect, resulting in a greater degree of edge warping and increased curvature of the surface of the piezoelectric layer 2132 away from the substrate 10. Since the first and second transparent conductive layers 2131 and 2133 are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the piezoelectric layer 2132, their morphology changes with the morphology of the piezoelectric layer 2132. Therefore, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 increases. Consequently, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 also increases. The grating layer 212 is disposed on the deformation layer 213, and the surface curvature of the grating layer 212 is affected by the topography below it. When the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 increases, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 also increases.

[0102] When energized, the values ​​of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage increase sequentially, therefore, the values ​​of the first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature also increase sequentially.

[0103] As discussed in the preceding analysis, the color reflected by sub-pixel 21 is related to the incident angle θ of the incident light, which in turn is related to the curvature of the surface of grating layer 212 away from substrate 10. As the curvature of the surface of grating layer 212 away from substrate 10 increases, the incident angle θ of the incident light decreases, and the wavelength of the reflected light from sub-pixel 21 decreases accordingly. Among the three visible light sources—red, green, and blue—red light has a longer wavelength than green light, and green light has a longer wavelength than blue light. Since the values ​​of the first, second, and third curvatures increase sequentially, the wavelengths of the first, second, and third colors of light decrease sequentially. This configuration results in red as the first color, green as the second color, and blue as the third color, thereby achieving color display on display panel 100.

[0104] In this embodiment, when the incident angle θ of the incident light is in the range of 38 degrees to 46 degrees, the reflected light is red. When the incident angle θ of the incident light is in the range of 20 degrees to 28 degrees, the reflected light is green. When the incident angle θ of the incident light is in the range of 4 degrees to 10 degrees, the reflected light is blue.

[0105] When the reflected light is red, the incident angle θ can be 38 degrees, 39 degrees, 40 degrees, 41 degrees, 42 degrees, 43 degrees, 44 degrees, 45 degrees, 46 degrees, etc.

[0106] When the reflected light is green, the incident angle θ can be 20 degrees, 21 degrees, 22 degrees, 23 degrees, 24 degrees, 25 degrees, 26 degrees, 27 degrees, 28 degrees, etc.

[0107] When the reflected light is blue light, the incident angle θ can be 4 degrees, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, etc.

[0108] In the second embodiment of this application:

[0109] To avoid redundancy, the second embodiment of this application only describes the differences from the first embodiment of this application.

[0110] The second embodiment of this application differs from the first embodiment of this application in that:

[0111] Optionally, the deformation layer 213 includes a first transparent conductive layer 2131, a piezoelectric layer 2132, and a second transparent conductive layer 2133.

[0112] The first transparent conductive layer 2131 is disposed on the substrate 10.

[0113] The piezoelectric layer 2132 is disposed on the side of the first transparent conductive layer 2131 away from the substrate 10.

[0114] The second transparent conductive layer 2133 is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric layer 2132 away from the first transparent conductive layer 2131. The waveguide layer 211 is disposed on the side of the second transparent conductive layer 2133 away from the piezoelectric layer 2132.

[0115] When the power is off, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 is greater than 0, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 is greater than 0.

[0116] When the deformation layer 213 is energized, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer 213 away from the substrate 10 is equal to 0, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer 212 away from the substrate 10 is also equal to 0.

[0117] The difference from the first embodiment of this application is that in the second embodiment of this application, when the sub-pixel 21 emits light, the deformation layer 213 is in a de-energized state, and in the de-energized state, the edges of the deformation layer 213 are warped. When the sub-pixel 21 does not emit light, the deformation layer 213 is in an energized state, and in the energized state, the deformation layer 213 becomes a flat surface due to the inverse voltage transformer effect.

[0118] The second embodiment of this application is applicable to display devices that remain constantly lit for extended periods, such as outdoor indicator lights and billboards. The first embodiment of this application is applicable to conventional display devices, such as electronic paper devices.

[0119] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0121] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0122] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: Substrate; and A pixel unit includes at least three sub-pixels, each sub-pixel including a waveguide layer and a grating layer stacked sequentially on the substrate, the three sub-pixels being a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel; When the first sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the first sub-pixel away from the substrate is a first curvature, and the first sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a first color; When the second sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the second sub-pixel away from the substrate is a second curvature, and the second sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a second color; When the third sub-pixel emits light, the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the third sub-pixel away from the substrate is a third curvature, and the third sub-pixel is configured to reflect light of a third color; The first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature are all different; the first color is one of red, green, and blue, the second color is another of red, green, and blue, and the third color is the remaining one of red, green, and blue.

2. The display panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the sub-pixels also includes a deformation layer disposed between the substrate and the waveguide layer, the deformation layer being configured to adjust the curvature of the surface of the grating layer away from the substrate.

3. The display panel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The deformation layer includes: A first transparent conductive layer is disposed on the substrate; and A piezoelectric layer is disposed on the side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate; The second transparent conductive layer is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric layer away from the first transparent conductive layer, and the waveguide layer is disposed on the side of the second transparent conductive layer away from the piezoelectric layer; When the power is off, the curvature of the deformable layer on the side of the surface away from the substrate is equal to 0, and the curvature of the grating layer on the side of the surface away from the substrate is also equal to 0. When the deformation layer is energized, the curvature of the surface of the deformation layer away from the substrate is greater than 0, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer away from the substrate is also greater than 0.

4. The display panel as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the first sub-pixel emits light, the deformation layer of the first sub-pixel is in an energized state, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the first sub-pixel away from the substrate is the first curvature; When the second sub-pixel emits light, the deformation layer of the second sub-pixel is in an energized state, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the second sub-pixel away from the substrate is the second curvature; When the third sub-pixel emits light, the deformation layer of the third sub-pixel is in an energized state, and the curvature of the surface of the grating layer of the third sub-pixel away from the substrate is the third curvature.

5. The display panel as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the deformation layer of the first sub-pixel is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the first sub-pixel is a first voltage. When the deformation layer of the second sub-pixel is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the second sub-pixel is a second voltage. When the deformation layer of the third sub-pixel is energized, the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer of the third sub-pixel is a third voltage. The values ​​of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage increase sequentially; The values ​​of the first curvature, the second curvature, and the third curvature increase sequentially; The first color is red, the second color is green, and the third color is blue.

6. The display panel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sub-pixel also includes a buffer layer, which is disposed between the deformation layer and the waveguide layer.

7. The display panel as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The thickness of the waveguide layer is in the range of 50 nanometers to 200 nanometers.

8. The display panel as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The grating layer includes a plurality of parallel and spaced metal strips, the spacing between two adjacent metal strips is a first spacing, and the sum of the width of the metal strips and the first spacing is in the range of 200 nanometers to 400 nanometers.

9. The display panel as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The waveguide layer is made of silicon nitride; The material of the grating layer includes metal; The substrate is made of glass.

10. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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