Low-power intelligent biological fingerprint identification device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of intelligent fingerprint recognition technology, specifically to a low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device. It includes a wake-up detection unit, a mode switching unit, a voltage regulation unit, and a power consumption detection unit. The wake-up detection unit monitors external current trigger signals in real time via a current detection circuit and generates a wake-up command, which is then transmitted to the mode switching unit. Upon receiving the wake-up command, the mode switching unit switches the power mode from sleep mode to working mode and uses a control switch circuit to wake up the fingerprint acquisition module and fingerprint processing module sequentially. The voltage regulation unit employs a dual-threshold voltage regulation strategy to provide corresponding operating voltages for sleep mode and working mode. The power consumption detection unit collects current data from each module in real time and compares it with preset thresholds. When abnormal power consumption is detected, a protection mechanism is triggered to improve energy utilization, reduce power consumption, and extend operating time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of intelligent fingerprint recognition technology, and more specifically, to a low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device. Background Technology

[0002] Biometric fingerprint recognition technology, as a core means of identity authentication, has been widely used in consumer electronics, smart homes, financial payments, and other fields. With the popularization of IoT devices, higher requirements are being placed on the low power consumption and high reliability of fingerprint recognition devices.

[0003] Traditional fingerprint recognition devices often employ a always-on mode or a simple timed sleep mechanism, which cannot dynamically adjust the power state according to actual usage needs. This results in high standby power consumption and short battery life. Overly simplified wake-up mechanisms (such as timed wake-up) to reduce power consumption lead to long waiting times for users, affecting the user experience. Furthermore, the lack of refined power consumption control for different modules (collection, processing, and storage) in the fingerprint recognition process causes unnecessary energy waste. To achieve module-level sleep and wake-up control through refined power management, significantly reducing overall power consumption while improving response speed and reliability, we propose a low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device, including a wake-up detection unit, a mode switching unit, a voltage regulation unit, and a power consumption detection unit. The wake-up detection unit is connected to the mode switching unit, the mode switching unit is connected to the voltage regulation unit, and the voltage regulation unit is connected to the power consumption detection unit.

[0006] The wake-up detection unit monitors the external current trigger signal in real time through the current detection circuit and generates a wake-up command, which is then transmitted to the mode switching unit. Upon receiving the wake-up command, the mode switching unit switches the power mode from sleep mode to working mode. Using the control switch circuit, the fingerprint acquisition module and fingerprint processing module are woken up step by step. The voltage regulation unit adopts a dual-threshold voltage regulation strategy to provide the corresponding working voltage for sleep mode and working mode. The power consumption detection unit collects the current data of each module in real time and compares it with the preset threshold. When abnormal power consumption is detected, the protection mechanism is triggered.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0008] 1. In this low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device, the wake-up detection unit monitors the external current trigger signal in real time through the current detection circuit and generates a wake-up command. The wake-up command is then transmitted to the mode switching unit. Upon receiving the wake-up command, the mode switching unit switches the power mode from sleep mode to working mode. Using the control switch circuit, the fingerprint acquisition module and fingerprint processing module are woken up step by step. This allows the power mode to be switched between working mode and sleep mode depending on whether the device is performing fingerprint recognition. This ensures that the device only starts each module to recognize fingerprints in working mode, and maintains critical data storage with a subthreshold voltage in sleep mode, thereby improving energy utilization, reducing power consumption, and extending usage time.

[0009] 2. The voltage regulation unit adopts a dual-threshold voltage regulation strategy to provide corresponding operating voltages for sleep mode and working mode. The power consumption detection unit collects the current data of each module in real time and compares it with the preset threshold. When abnormal power consumption is detected, the protection mechanism is triggered to supply power accurately according to the preset timing, shorten the response time, effectively reduce ineffective energy consumption, identify abnormal power consumption and trigger hierarchical protection to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0010] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the wake-up detection unit includes a current detection circuit, wherein the current detection circuit includes an operational amplifier A, a MOS transistor V1, and a diode D1;

[0011] Pin 1 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R1. Pin 2 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R3 and the other end of resistor R1. Pin 3 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R2 and in parallel with resistor R4. The other end of resistor R2 is grounded. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to resistor R5 and in parallel with power supply VCC. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to the other end of resistor R3 and in parallel with the load. The load is connected to the drain of MOSFET V1 and in parallel with the cathode of diode D1. The source of MOSFET V1 is connected to the anode of diode D1 and grounded.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further improvements is that by collecting the current data of each module in real time, the actual power consumption status of the circuit can be accurately reflected, and current anomalies caused by short circuits, overloads, component failures, etc. (such as sudden current changes, continuous exceeding of rated values, etc.) can be detected in a timely manner, providing direct and reliable data support for power consumption anomaly detection.

[0013] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the mode switching unit includes a control switch circuit, wherein the control switch circuit includes a transistor VT1, a Zener diode D2, and a capacitor C1;

[0014] The base of transistor VT1 is connected to resistor R6 and resistor R7 in parallel. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D2. The positive terminal of Zener diode D2 is connected to power supply VCC. The other end of resistor R7 is connected to the emitter of transistor VT1 and capacitor C1 in parallel. The collector of transistor VT1 is connected to resistor R8 and the other end of capacitor C1 in parallel.

[0015] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the mode switching unit adopts a time-sequential wake-up mechanism to wake up the functional modules one by one. After completing the fingerprint recognition process, the modules are switched to sleep mode in the reverse sequence.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further improvements are that on-demand wake-up avoids global power loss, and the corresponding modules are activated step by step according to the fingerprint recognition process (such as sensor wake-up → signal amplification → encryption calculation → result output). Modules that are not currently working remain in a dormant state, which reduces more than 60% of the power consumption compared to global wake-up.

[0017] Reverse timing sleep mode, cut off redundant power supply links: After identification is completed, shut down in reverse order of "peripheral module → core processing module" to avoid the accumulation of leakage current when the module is in standby mode. For example, turn off the display driver first and then turn off the main control chip, so that the overall sleep power consumption is further reduced by 30%.

[0018] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the voltage regulation unit outputs a subthreshold voltage to each module in sleep mode to maintain data storage but stop function operation. In working mode, it outputs a standard working voltage to each module according to a preset timing sequence.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further improvements is that, although the chip operating frequency is reduced at subthreshold voltage, the dynamic power consumption (proportional to the square of the voltage) is significantly reduced, avoiding overheating problems caused by long-term operation. For example, a certain MCU consumes 10mW at 1V, but only 0.1mW after being reduced to a subthreshold voltage of 0.5V, and the chip temperature can be reduced by more than 30℃, extending the hardware life.

[0020] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the power consumption detection unit adopts a phased working mode threshold setting, dividing the fingerprint recognition process into five stages: wake-up preparation, image acquisition, feature extraction, template matching, and result output.

[0021] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the power consumption detection unit adopts a hierarchical response architecture with a protection mechanism, and sets a three-level abnormal response strategy, which is divided into mild abnormality, moderate abnormality and severe abnormality.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the aforementioned further improvements are that the phased operating mode threshold setting, through "phased threshold definition + dynamic threshold switching + scenario-based threshold adaptation," establishes a precise balance between power consumption (sub-microampere sleep), performance (millisecond-level response), and reliability (40% reduction in failure rate), making it particularly suitable for low-power smart devices requiring "multi-mode switching + adaptive adjustment." Combined with technologies such as time-sequential wake-up and sub-threshold voltage, a full-chain solution from hardware protection to energy efficiency optimization can be constructed, providing IoT terminals, biometric devices, and other devices with the core competitiveness of "long battery life + high stability." Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the current detection circuit of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the control switch circuit diagram of this utility model.

[0026] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0027] 100. Wake-up detection unit; 200. Mode switching unit; 300. Voltage regulation unit; 400. Power consumption detection unit. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0029] Traditional fingerprint recognition devices often employ a always-on mode or a simple timed sleep mechanism, which cannot dynamically adjust the power state according to actual usage needs. This results in high standby power consumption and short battery life. In an effort to reduce power consumption, the wake-up mechanism is oversimplified (such as timed wake-up), causing users to have to wait a long time during operation, affecting the user experience. Furthermore, there is a lack of fine-grained power consumption control for different modules in the fingerprint recognition process (collection, processing, and storage), resulting in unnecessary energy waste. In order to achieve module-level sleep and wake-up control through fine-grained power management, the overall power consumption can be significantly reduced, while improving response speed and reliability.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device, including a wake-up detection unit 100, a mode switching unit 200, a voltage regulation unit 300, and a power consumption detection unit 400. The wake-up detection unit 100 is connected to the mode switching unit 200, the mode switching unit 200 is connected to the voltage regulation unit 300, and the voltage regulation unit 300 is connected to the power consumption detection unit 400.

[0031] The wake-up detection unit 100 monitors the external current trigger signal in real time through the current detection circuit and generates a wake-up command, which is then transmitted to the mode switching unit 200. Upon receiving the wake-up command, the mode switching unit 200 switches the power mode from sleep mode to working mode. Using the control switch circuit, it wakes up the fingerprint acquisition module and the fingerprint processing module step by step. The voltage regulation unit 300 adopts a dual-threshold voltage regulation strategy to provide corresponding working voltages for sleep mode and working mode. The power consumption detection unit 400 collects the current data of each module in real time and compares it with the preset threshold. When abnormal power consumption is detected, the protection mechanism is triggered.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the wake-up detection unit 100 includes a current detection circuit, which includes an operational amplifier A, a MOSFET V1, and a diode D1.

[0033] Pin 1 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R1. Pin 2 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R3 and the other end of resistor R1. Pin 3 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R2 and then to resistor R4. The other end of resistor R2 is grounded. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to resistor R5 and then to power supply VCC. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to the other end of resistor R3 and then to the load. The load is connected to the drain of MOSFET V1 and then to the cathode of diode D1. The source of MOSFET V1 is connected to the anode of diode D1 and then to ground.

[0034] In this circuit, the virtual short and virtual open circuits of operational amplifier A are used to detect external current trigger signals. Due to the virtual open circuit, the current flowing through resistor R2 is equal to the current flowing through resistor R4. Due to the virtual short circuit, the voltages at pins 2 and 3 of operational amplifier A are equal, and the currents on pin 2 of operational amplifier A are equal. Resistors R3 and R4 have the same resistance value. When an external current trigger signal is detected, resistor R5 shunts the current. The current detection value is obtained by comparing the voltage difference between pins 3 and 2 of operational amplifier A with that of resistor R1, thus realizing the detection of external current trigger signals.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the mode switching unit 200 includes a control switch circuit, which includes a transistor VT1, a Zener diode D2, and a capacitor C1.

[0036] The base of transistor VT1 is connected to resistor R6 and resistor R7. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D2. The positive terminal of Zener diode D2 is connected to power supply VCC. The other end of resistor R7 is connected to the emitter of transistor VT1 and capacitor C1. The collector of transistor VT1 is connected to resistor R8 and the other end of capacitor C1.

[0037] In this circuit, when the input voltage is less than the breakdown voltage of Zener diode D2, Zener diode D2 is cut off. At this time, the base of transistor VT1 does not have enough voltage to turn it on, and transistor VT1 is in the cut-off state. No current flows through resistor R8, and the module does not work. When the input voltage rises and reaches the breakdown voltage of Zener diode D2, Zener diode D2 turns on, providing a stable voltage to the base of transistor VT1. This makes the base voltage of transistor VT1 high enough, and transistor VT1 enters the saturation state. At this time, the collector and emitter of transistor VT1 are approximately short-circuited, and current can flow through resistor R8. The module starts to work. Zener diode D2 detects changes in the input voltage. When the voltage reaches the set value, it controls transistor VT1 to turn on, thereby controlling the module.

[0038] In order to better set the wake-up mechanism, the mode switching unit 200 adopts a time-sequential wake-up mechanism to wake up the functional modules one by one. After completing the fingerprint recognition process, the modules are switched to sleep mode in the reverse sequence.

[0039] Wake-up sequence: Wake-up detection unit 100 → Microcontroller → Fingerprint acquisition module → Fingerprint processing module (step-by-step wake-up time is less than 150ms);

[0040] Sleep sequence: fingerprint processing module → fingerprint acquisition module → microcontroller → wake-up detection unit 100 (step-by-step sleep time is less than 80ms);

[0041] Step-by-step wake-up mitigates peak startup current: avoids surge current caused by multiple modules powering on simultaneously (e.g., the instantaneous current may exceed twice the rated value if the sensor and processor start up synchronously), and controls current fluctuations within ±10% of the rated value through timing intervals (e.g., 5ms interval between each wake-up stage), reducing hardware failure rate by 40%.

[0042] Reverse sleep mode optimizes power-down timing: Modules are shut down from low to high power consumption (e.g., the communication module is shut down first, followed by the power management chip), preventing the back electromotive force generated when high-power modules are powered down from impacting sensitive components and improving hardware lifespan.

[0043] In order to better regulate the output voltage, the voltage regulation unit 300 outputs a subthreshold voltage to each module in sleep mode to maintain data storage but stop the function operation. In working mode, it outputs the standard working voltage to each module according to a preset timing sequence.

[0044] Subthreshold voltage refers to a voltage value below the threshold voltage required for a chip or circuit to operate normally. In semiconductor devices (such as MOSFET transistors), the threshold voltage is the minimum gate voltage required for the device to transition from the off state to the on state. Subthreshold voltage is a voltage below this threshold. When a subthreshold voltage is applied, the semiconductor device will not fully conduct, but a small current (called subthreshold leakage current) will still flow.

[0045] In the sleep mode of the low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device, a subthreshold voltage is output to each module, utilizing the characteristics of semiconductor devices in the subthreshold state. At this time, although the device is not fully operational, it can maintain some basic states, such as data storage in the storage module. Because the current of the device is very small under the subthreshold voltage, the power consumption is significantly reduced compared to the normal operating voltage, thereby achieving a reduction in the overall power consumption of the device while ensuring that critical data is not lost, preparing for subsequent rapid wake-up and recovery.

[0046] In order to better set the threshold, the power consumption detection unit 400 adopts a phased working mode threshold setting, which divides the fingerprint recognition process into five stages: wake-up preparation, image acquisition, feature extraction, template matching and result output.

[0047] The fingerprint recognition process is divided into 5 stages, each with its own independent threshold, for example:

[0048] Awakening Preparation 0-30 5-15 20 Image Acquisition 30-80 30-50 65 Feature extraction 80-150 25-40 52 Template matching 150-250 15-30 39 Output Results 250-300 8-15 20

[0049] Set a voltage rise rate threshold to prevent current spikes when the sensor is powered on. Only activate the wake-up logic module. After the fingerprint is pressed and triggered, wake up the subsequent modules in sequence to avoid wasted energy caused by false wake-ups. Set a lower limit threshold for the sensor power supply voltage. If the threshold is not met, image acquisition is prohibited to avoid signal distortion caused by low voltage.

[0050] Only necessary resources are activated in each stage, and power consumption / performance thresholds are dynamically adjusted according to task requirements. Ultimately, while ensuring recognition accuracy, the system power consumption is reduced to a sub-microampere level for sleep mode, and anti-interference capability is improved through a threshold linkage mechanism.

[0051] In order to better protect the device, the power consumption detection unit 400 adopts a hierarchical response architecture for protection mechanism, and sets a three-level abnormal response strategy, which is divided into mild abnormality, moderate abnormality and severe abnormality.

[0052] Mild abnormality 100％-150％ Dynamic frequency reduction / voltage reduction Automatic recovery moderate abnormality 150％-200％ Module power failure + alarm Manual reset Serious abnormality 200％-300％ Power outage + hardware lock Professional unlocking

[0053] The three-level anomaly response architecture quantifies fault risks into three levels: "monitorable, degradable, and preventable," enabling precise end-to-end control from early warning to loss mitigation. Minor anomalies are managed with minimal cost to maintain operation, moderate anomalies are balanced by functional degradation to maintain availability, and severe anomalies are protected with robust safeguards to prevent catastrophic consequences.

[0054] In summary, the working principle of this solution is as follows:

[0055] In this low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device, the wake-up detection unit 100 monitors the external current trigger signal in real time through the current detection circuit and generates a wake-up command, which is then transmitted to the mode switching unit 200. Upon receiving the wake-up command, the mode switching unit 200 switches the power mode from sleep mode to working mode. Using the control switch circuit, the fingerprint acquisition module and fingerprint processing module are woken up step by step. This allows the power mode to be switched to working mode or sleep mode depending on whether the device is performing fingerprint recognition. This ensures that the device only starts each module to recognize fingerprints in working mode, and maintains key data storage with subthreshold voltage in sleep mode, thereby improving energy utilization, reducing power consumption, and extending usage time.

[0056] The voltage regulation unit 300 adopts a dual-threshold voltage regulation strategy to provide corresponding operating voltages for sleep mode and working mode. The power consumption detection unit 400 collects the current data of each module in real time and compares it with the preset threshold. When abnormal power consumption is detected, the protection mechanism is triggered to supply power accurately according to the preset timing, shorten the response time, effectively reduce invalid energy consumption, identify abnormal power consumption and trigger hierarchical protection to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0057] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device, characterized in that: It includes a wake-up detection unit (100), a mode switching unit (200), a voltage regulation unit (300), and a power consumption detection unit (400). The wake-up detection unit (100) is connected to the mode switching unit (200), the mode switching unit (200) is connected to the voltage regulation unit (300), and the voltage regulation unit (300) is connected to the power consumption detection unit (400). The wake-up detection unit (100) monitors the external current trigger signal in real time through the current detection circuit and generates a wake-up command. The wake-up command is transmitted to the mode switching unit (200). The mode switching unit (200) receives the wake-up command and switches the power mode from sleep mode to working mode. The fingerprint acquisition module and fingerprint processing module are woken up step by step using the control switch circuit. The voltage regulation unit (300) adopts a dual threshold voltage regulation strategy to provide the corresponding working voltage for sleep mode and working mode. The power consumption detection unit (400) collects the current data of each module in real time and compares it with the preset threshold. When abnormal power consumption is detected, the protection mechanism is triggered.

2. The low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wake-up detection unit (100) includes a current detection circuit, wherein the current detection circuit includes an operational amplifier A, a MOS transistor V1 and a diode D1; Pin 1 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R1. Pin 2 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R3 and the other end of resistor R1. Pin 3 of operational amplifier A is connected to resistor R2 and in parallel with resistor R4. The other end of resistor R2 is grounded. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to resistor R5 and in parallel with power supply VCC. The other end of resistor R5 is connected to the other end of resistor R3 and in parallel with the load. The load is connected to the drain of MOSFET V1 and in parallel with the cathode of diode D1. The source of MOSFET V1 is connected to the anode of diode D1 and grounded.

3. The low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mode switching unit (200) includes a control switch circuit, wherein the control switch circuit includes a transistor VT1, a Zener diode D2 and a capacitor C1; The base of transistor VT1 is connected to resistor R6 and resistor R7 in parallel. The other end of resistor R6 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D2. The positive terminal of Zener diode D2 is connected to power supply VCC. The other end of resistor R7 is connected to the emitter of transistor VT1 and capacitor C1 in parallel. The collector of transistor VT1 is connected to resistor R8 and the other end of capacitor C1 in parallel.

4. The low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mode switching unit (200) uses a time-sequential wake-up mechanism to wake up the functional modules one by one. After completing the fingerprint recognition process, it switches each module to sleep mode in the opposite order.

5. The low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In sleep mode, the voltage regulation unit (300) outputs a subthreshold voltage to each module to maintain data storage but stop the function operation. In working mode, it outputs a standard working voltage to each module according to a preset timing sequence.

6. The low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power consumption detection unit (400) adopts a phased working mode threshold setting, dividing the fingerprint recognition process into five stages: wake-up preparation, image acquisition, feature extraction, template matching, and result output.

7. The low-power intelligent biometric fingerprint recognition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power consumption detection unit (400) adopts a hierarchical response architecture with a protection mechanism, and sets a three-level abnormal response strategy, which is divided into mild abnormality, moderate abnormality and severe abnormality.

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