High flame retardant cable with intelligent temperature control

Abstract

This utility model discloses a high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control, comprising a cable core and an outer sheath wrapped around the cable core. The cable core includes several conductors and a filler layer, the filler layer filling the gaps between the conductors. The filler layer includes a central filler and an outer peripheral filler, the outer peripheral filler being composed of saddle-shaped filler materials. Each saddle-shaped filler material has two holes arranged side-by-side penetrating the filler, and each of the two holes contains an intelligent optical fiber and a nylon tube, respectively. This utility model has a reasonable structural design and the following beneficial effects: the intelligent optical fiber can acquire real-time temperature data along the entire cable length, and the nylon tube can be filled with nitrogen. The combination of these two technologies enables precise monitoring and active control of the cable's operating status, improving the intelligent management level of the power system and ensuring the safety, stability, and efficiency of power transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to a high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of global industrialization and the rapid development of new energy, data centers, rail transportation, and other fields, power transmission systems are placing higher demands on the safety, reliability, and intelligence of cables. In complex scenarios such as high-temperature industrial environments, power distribution in densely populated areas, and underground utility tunnels, cables must simultaneously address the needs for fire risk, extreme temperature changes, and real-time operational status monitoring.

[0003] Traditional cables have technical limitations. For example, they cannot effectively protect their internal structure during a fire, leading to transmission interruptions; their performance is affected or even damaged in low-temperature environments; and they lack real-time monitoring and intelligent temperature control, making it difficult to guarantee long-term high-efficiency operation. While some existing technologies have improved flame retardancy or monitoring functions, they have not effectively integrated intelligent temperature control, multiple protections, and optimized structural design, failing to meet the comprehensive needs of cables in complex environments. Utility Model Content The purpose of this invention is to provide a high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control, which solves the technical problems of traditional cables in terms of fire resistance, environmental resistance and intelligent monitoring.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control, comprising a cable core and an outer sheath wrapped around the cable core. The cable core includes several conductors and a filling layer, wherein the filling layer fills the gaps between the conductors. The filling layer includes a central filling and an outer peripheral filling, wherein the outer peripheral filling is composed of saddle-shaped fillers. Each saddle-shaped filler has two holes arranged side by side penetrating the filler, and intelligent optical fibers and nylon tubes are respectively installed in the two holes.

[0005] Furthermore, the number of wire cores is 4, and the 4 wire cores are symmetrically arranged in the cable core.

[0006] Furthermore, the structure of the wire core, from the inside out, includes a conductor, a fire-resistant layer, a flame-retardant layer, and an insulating layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the conductor is a single-crystal copper conductor; the refractory layer is a layer of calcined mica tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%.

[0008] Furthermore, the flame-retardant layer is an aerogel composite tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%; the insulating layer is an ethylene propylene rubber insulating layer with a thickness of 1.0mm-1.2mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer protective layer comprises, from the inside out, an inner protective layer, a ceramicized silicone rubber coating, a flame-retardant strip, an armor layer, and a sheath layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner protective layer is a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with a thickness of 1.2mm-1.4mm; the flame-retardant tape is a glass fiber tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%; the armor layer is a steel tape; and the sheath layer is a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride sheath with a thickness of 2.2mm-2.4mm. Furthermore, both the intelligent optical fiber and the nylon tube are laid along the entire length of the cable axis; the end of the intelligent optical fiber is connected to the terminal equipment, the end of the nylon tube is connected to the nitrogen supply equipment, and the nitrogen supply equipment is connected to the terminal equipment.

[0011] Furthermore, the intelligent optical fiber, nylon tube, nitrogen supply equipment, and terminal equipment together form an intelligent temperature control system. The terminal equipment can set a safe temperature threshold. When the monitored temperature exceeds the threshold, the terminal equipment triggers an audible and visual alarm and controls the nitrogen supply equipment to fill the nylon tube with nitrogen, thereby achieving automatic temperature regulation of the cable.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer periphery filling is composed of four saddle-shaped fillers; the cross-sectional shape of the cable core and the cable is circular.

[0013] In summary, the device structure of this utility model is reasonably designed. The application of this utility model's technical solution has the following beneficial effects: the intelligent optical fiber and the antifreeze nylon tube are innovatively set in the filling layer; simultaneously, the intelligent optical fiber adopts distributed temperature measurement technology, which can acquire real-time temperature data along the entire length of the cable. Combined with the nylon tube, it can be filled with nitrogen. This enables precise monitoring and active control of the cable's operating status, filling the technological gap in intelligent temperature control for traditional cables, improving the intelligent management level of the power system, and ensuring the safety, stability, and efficiency of power transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to this utility model. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a single saddle-shaped filler in this utility model; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1 - conductor, 2 - fire-resistant layer, 3 - flame-retardant layer, 4 - insulation layer, 5 - filler layer, 5-1 smart optical fiber, 5-2 nylon tube, 6 - inner sheath, 7 - ceramicized silicone rubber coating, 8 - flame-retardant strip, 9 - armor layer, 10 - sheath layer. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model, but this does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0016] In this utility model, for clearer description, the following explanation is provided: The observer faces the attached... Figure 1 When observing, the observer's left front side is designated as "front," the observer's right rear side as "rear," the observer's left rear side as "left," the observer's right front side as "right," the observer's top as "up," and the observer's bottom as "down." It should be noted that the terms "front end," "rear end," "left side," "right side," "middle," "above," and "below" in this text indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the accompanying drawings. These are merely for the purpose of clearly describing the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the structure or component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used only for the purpose of clarity or simplification of description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity.

[0017] See Figures 1-2 This utility model provides a high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control, including a cable core and an outer sheath wrapped around the cable core. The cable core includes several wire cores and a filling layer 5. The filling layer 5 fills the gaps between the wire cores. The filling layer 5 includes a central filling and an outer peripheral filling. The outer peripheral filling is composed of saddle-shaped filling materials. Each saddle-shaped filling material has two holes arranged side by side through it. The two holes are respectively equipped with an intelligent optical fiber 5-1 and a nylon tube 5-2.

[0018] Specifically, there are 4 wire cores, which are symmetrically arranged in the cable core.

[0019] Specifically, the structure of the wire core, from the inside out, includes conductor 1, fire-resistant layer 2, flame-retardant layer 3, and insulation layer 4.

[0020] Specifically, conductor 1 is a single-crystal copper conductor; refractory layer 2 is a layer of calcined mica tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%.

[0021] Specifically, the flame retardant layer 3 is an aerogel composite tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%; the insulation layer 4 is an ethylene propylene rubber insulation layer with a thickness of 1.0mm-1.2mm.

[0022] Specifically, the outer protective layer consists of, from the inside out, an inner protective layer 6, a ceramicized silicone rubber coating 7, a flame-retardant strip 8, an armor layer 9, and a sheath layer 10.

[0023] Specifically, the inner protective layer 6 is a plastic elastomer with a thickness of 1.2mm-1.4mm; the flame-retardant strip 8 is a glass fiber strip with an overlap rate of 20%-30%; and the sheath layer 10 is a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride sheath with a thickness of 2.2mm-2.4mm. In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, both the intelligent optical fiber 5-1 and the nylon tube 5-2 are laid along the full length of the cable axis. The end of the intelligent optical fiber 5-1 is connected to the terminal equipment, and the end of the nylon tube 5-2 is connected to the nitrogen supply equipment, which is also connected to the terminal equipment. Specifically, the intelligent optical fiber 5-1, the nylon tube 5-2, the nitrogen supply equipment, and the terminal equipment together constitute an intelligent temperature control system. The terminal equipment can set a safe temperature threshold. When the monitored temperature exceeds the threshold, the terminal equipment triggers an audible and visual alarm and controls the nitrogen supply equipment to fill the nylon tube 5-2 with nitrogen, thereby achieving automatic temperature regulation of the cable.

[0024] Specifically, the outer perimeter filling is composed of four saddle-shaped fillers; the cross-sectional shape of the cable core and cable is circular.

[0025] The specific beneficial effects of each layer of the technical solution in this application are as follows: 1. Conductor: Utilizing irregularly shaped single-crystal copper wire, multiple irregularly shaped single-crystal copper wires are stranded and compressed to form a round conductor. This conductor exhibits excellent conductivity, reduces the skin effect, minimizes space occupation, improves electromagnetic compatibility, enhances heat dissipation, and ensures extremely low resistance, meeting the needs of various power and signal transmission applications. The irregular shape allows for a more uniform current distribution across the conductor's cross-section, and the stranding and compression method further reduces contact resistance and improves current transmission efficiency.

[0026] 2. Refractory Layer: Made of calcined mica tape wrapped around the conductor. Mica tape maintains stable physical and chemical properties at high temperatures, forming a robust heat insulation barrier that effectively prevents flames and heat from penetrating the interior. This ensures that the conductor can maintain normal operation for a certain period even in extreme conditions such as fires, guaranteeing continuous power and signal transmission. High-quality calcined mica tape is selected during wrapping, with an overlap rate controlled between 20% and 30%. A horizontal wrapping device is used to tightly and evenly wrap the tape around the conductor. 3. Flame-retardant layer: Composed of overlapping aerogel composite tape. When heated, the aerogel composite tape decomposes, absorbing a large amount of heat and releasing water vapor, thus achieving a dual effect of flame retardancy and cooling, effectively inhibiting the spread of flames and improving the overall flame-retardant performance of the cable. It is wrapped around the fire-resistant layer with an overlap rate of 20%-30%. 4. Insulation Layer: Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) insulation material is used, and it is uniformly wrapped around the conductor, fire-resistant layer, and flame-retardant layer through a precisely controlled extrusion process. This insulation material has excellent electrical insulation properties, chemical corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties, and can reliably prevent electrical faults such as leakage and short circuits. During extrusion, the insulation layer thickness is controlled between 1.0mm and 1.2mm.

[0027] 5. Filler Layer: An innovative saddle-shaped filler structure is employed, with intelligent optical fibers and antifreeze nylon tubing positioned at the pores of the filler layer. The intelligent optical fibers monitor real-time temperature changes within the cable, accurately transmitting temperature data to the terminal equipment. The antifreeze nylon tubing plays a crucial role in abnormal temperature conditions, rapidly cooling the cable by introducing nitrogen gas. The filler layer also utilizes materials with buffering and supporting properties, such as ceramicized polyolefin, to enhance the overall structural stability of the cable. The saddle-shaped filler made of ceramicized polyolefin rapidly forms a crust upon contact with fire, blocking flames, protecting the internal structure, ensuring stable operation of the optical fibers for a period of time, and improving the cable's fire resistance. 6. Inner Sheath: Utilizing a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material with excellent flexibility and corrosion resistance, it tightly wraps around the filler layer, providing further protection for the internal structure and preventing the intrusion of external impurities and moisture. By precisely controlling the extrusion process parameters, with the extrusion temperature maintained between 125℃ and 135℃ and the extrusion thickness between 1.2mm and 1.4mm, the inner sheath material is uniformly extruded and tightly wraps around the filler layer. 7. Ceramicized Silicone Rubber Coating: At room temperature, this coating exhibits excellent flexibility and elasticity, adapting to various bending and tensile deformations of the cable. When exposed to high-temperature fires, the ceramicized silicone rubber coating rapidly undergoes a ceramization reaction, forming a hard and high-temperature-resistant ceramic layer. This ceramic layer possesses superior heat insulation and flame-retardant properties, effectively preventing flames and heat from penetrating into the cable, further enhancing its flame-retardant capability. Dip-coating and other processes are employed, with strict control over the number of coating passes, drying time, and curing temperature based on the coating's designed thickness and performance requirements. During production, two dip-coating passes are required, followed by drying at 70°C for 2 hours. 8. Flame-retardant tape: High flame-retardant fiberglass tape is used, tightly wrapped in a spiral around the inner sheath and the ceramicized silicone rubber coating to further enhance the cable's flame-retardant properties and prevent the spread of flames on the cable surface. A layer of fiberglass tape is wrapped around the ceramicized silicone rubber coating, with an overlap of 20%-30%. 9. Armor layer: The steel strip provides the cable with strong resistance to mechanical forces, such as tensile strength, bending strength, and compression strength, effectively protecting the internal structure from external mechanical damage and improving the cable's durability. 10. Sheath Layer: Flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride (FR-PVC) material is used, extruded to coat the outer armor layer. It not only possesses excellent flame-retardant properties but also outstanding abrasion resistance, weather resistance, and mechanical strength, providing comprehensive protection for all internal structures of the cable and enabling it to withstand various harsh natural and industrial environments. The extrusion temperature is between 175℃ and 185℃, and the extrusion thickness is 2.2mm to 2.4mm. 11. Intelligent Temperature Control System: The intelligent optical fiber and the anti-freeze nylon tubing are connected to the terminal equipment for digital control. A safe temperature threshold is preset in the terminal equipment. When the internal temperature of the cable, as monitored in real time by the intelligent optical fiber, exceeds this preset temperature, the terminal equipment immediately triggers an alarm mechanism and simultaneously sends a command to the anti-freeze nylon tubing to rapidly fill it with nitrogen. The rapid filling of nitrogen can quickly remove the heat generated by the cable, achieving rapid cooling and ensuring that the cable operates within its normal operating temperature range, thereby improving the cable's operating efficiency and service life.

[0028] Based on the above design, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. Superior Flame Retardant Performance: Through a multi-layered flame-retardant design consisting of a fire-resistant layer, a flame-retardant layer, a ceramicized silicone rubber coating, and a flame-retardant tape, a comprehensive and multi-layered flame-retardant protection system is formed. This enables the cable to effectively resist the attack of flames and high temperatures in the event of a fire, greatly improving the cable's flame-retardant performance, reducing fire risk, and ensuring the safety of people and property. This multi-layered flame-retardant structural design is an innovation on traditional cable flame-retardant methods, significantly improving the flame-retardant effect.

[0029] 2. Excellent Durability: From the high-quality selection of conductors to the meticulous design of the armor and sheath layers, the cable possesses excellent electrical insulation, mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, and weather resistance. It can operate stably for extended periods in various complex environments, reducing the probability of failures caused by environmental factors, extending the cable's service life, and lowering maintenance and replacement costs. Compared to existing cables, it represents a significant improvement in durability. 3. Advanced Digital Monitoring and Intelligent Temperature Control: The innovative combination of intelligent optical fiber and anti-freeze nylon tubing enables real-time monitoring and intelligent control of the cable's operating status. Through digital control, abnormal internal cable temperatures can be detected promptly, and cooling measures can be quickly implemented to ensure the cable always operates in optimal condition. This improves the intelligent management level of the power system and provides strong support for the safety, stability, and efficiency of power transmission. This intelligent temperature control and monitoring function is relatively novel in existing cable technology, filling a gap in related technologies. The specific implementation method is as follows: 1. Conductor Fabrication: Single-crystal copper itself has good conductivity, while the irregular structure (a combination of a central circular shape and an outer corrugated shape) and the stranding and compression method further reduce contact resistance and improve current transmission efficiency; reduce the skin effect: the irregular structure helps to reduce the influence of the skin effect, making the current distribution more uniform across the conductor's cross-section, thereby improving the conductor's effective current-carrying capacity; reduce space occupation: compared to traditional round conductors, irregular designs can be arranged more compactly within the same cross-sectional area, helping to reduce equipment size and save space. Improve Electromagnetic Compatibility: reasonable stranding and irregular design can optimize the electromagnetic field distribution around the conductor, thereby improving electromagnetic compatibility and reducing electromagnetic interference. Improve Heat Dissipation: the tight stranding and compression structure helps with heat conduction and dissipation, enhancing the conductor's heat dissipation capacity and ensuring the conductor's operational stability under high current loads.

[0030] 2. Refractory Layer Wrapping: High-quality calcined mica tape is selected and wrapped around the conductor with an overlap rate of 20%-30%. A horizontal wrapping device is used to wrap the tape tightly and evenly around the conductor. This ensures that the refractory layer can form an effective heat insulation barrier at high temperatures, reliably protecting the conductor. 3. Flame-retardant layer wrapping: Aerogel composite tape is used to wrap a layer of aerogel composite tape around the outside of the fire-resistant layer, with an overlap rate of 20%-30%. This multifunctional material with a special microstructure and unique physical and chemical properties is an ideal thermal insulation material. It can maintain stable performance under extreme temperature conditions. 4. Insulation Layer Extrusion: Ethylene propylene rubber insulation material is added to an extruder, fully heated and melted, and then extruded through a carefully designed nano-mold to uniformly coat the flame-retardant layer. During the extrusion process, the thickness of the insulation layer is strictly controlled, ranging from 1.0mm to 1.2mm, to ensure that the insulation layer has good electrical insulation and mechanical properties. 5. Filler Layer: The filler layer uses a saddle-shaped filler, which is inserted into the gap between two cores during cabling. The material is ceramicized polyolefin, which is not easily hygroscopic and is suitable for the cable's operating temperature. The saddle-shaped filler has holes, and intelligent optical fibers and antifreeze nylon tubes are installed in the holes. 6. Intelligent Temperature Control Principle: The intelligent optical fiber and the antifreeze nylon tube are connected to the terminal to achieve digital control. A temperature is set at the terminal. When the temperature transmitted from the temperature-sensing optical fiber exceeds the set temperature, an alarm is triggered, and nitrogen gas is rapidly injected into the antifreeze nylon tube to cool the cable. 7. Fire resistance: The saddle-shaped filler made of ceramicized polyolefin material quickly forms a shell when exposed to fire, blocking the flames, protecting the internal structure, ensuring stable operation of the optical fiber for a period of time, and improving the fire resistance of the cable. 8. Intelligent Monitoring and Temperature Control: Real-time monitoring of cable temperature is achieved through intelligent optical fiber. An alarm is triggered promptly when the temperature is abnormal, and nitrogen is injected into the antifreeze nylon tube for cooling, ensuring the cable operates efficiently for extended periods within the normal temperature range. Structural Stability: The saddle-shaped filler provides protection, support, and fixation for the intelligent optical fiber and antifreeze nylon tube, preventing them from being broken during cabling and ensuring the stability and reliability of the cable structure. 9. Inner Protective Layer Extrusion: A plastic elastomer material is selected and fed into the extruder. By precisely controlling the extrusion process parameters, the inner protective layer material is uniformly extruded and tightly wraps the filler layer, forming an inner protective layer with good flexibility and corrosion resistance. The extrusion temperature is between 125℃ and 135℃, and the extrusion thickness is 1.2mm to 1.4mm. 10. Ceramicized Silicone Rubber Coating: Using dip-coating or similar processes, the ceramicized silicone rubber coating is uniformly applied to the outside of the inner protective layer. Based on the designed thickness and performance requirements of the coating, the number of coating passes, drying time, and curing temperature are strictly controlled to ensure that the ceramicized silicone rubber coating exhibits good flexibility and elasticity at room temperature and can rapidly ceramicize at high temperatures, demonstrating excellent heat insulation and flame retardant properties. The ceramicized silicone rubber requires two dip-coating passes during production, and the coating must be dried at 70℃ for 2 hours. 11. Flame-retardant tape wrapping: High flame-retardant fiberglass tape is selected and tightly wrapped in a spiral shape around the ceramicized silicone rubber coating using a horizontal wrapping device. The number of wrapping layers and the overlap rate are controlled to ensure that the flame-retardant tape can effectively prevent the spread of flames on the cable surface. A layer of fiberglass tape is wrapped around the ceramicized silicone rubber coating, with an overlap rate of 20%-30%. 12. Sheath Layer Extrusion: The flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride sheath material is fed into an extruder, fully heated and melted, and then extruded through a precision nano-mold to uniformly coat the outer layer of the armor. During the extrusion process, the thickness and surface quality of the sheath layer are strictly monitored to ensure that the sheath layer has good flame-retardant properties, wear resistance, weather resistance, and mechanical strength. The extrusion temperature is between 175℃ and 185℃, and the extrusion thickness is 2.2mm to 2.4mm. 13. Intelligent Temperature Control System: Connect one end of the intelligent optical fiber and the anti-freeze nylon tube to the terminal equipment to ensure reliable connection and accurate data transmission. Install specially developed monitoring software and control algorithms in the terminal equipment, and set reasonable temperature thresholds. Through debugging and testing, ensure that when the temperature monitored by the intelligent optical fiber exceeds the set threshold, the terminal equipment can promptly and accurately trigger an alarm and quickly control the anti-freeze nylon tube to fill with nitrogen, achieving intelligent regulation of the cable temperature. I. Implementation Plan for Laying Antifreeze Nylon Pipes (Nitrogen-filled Pipes) 1. Pipeline layout design Structural integration: The antifreeze nylon tube is embedded in the saddle-shaped holes of the filling layer (arranged in parallel with the smart optical fiber), and the saddle-shaped filling material is used to fix the position of the tube and avoid compression deformation during cabling.

[0031] Segmented connections: a. Long-distance cables use segmented nylon tubing, with the length of each segment set according to actual project requirements (e.g., ≤50 meters). The segments are connected by pressure-bearing quick connectors to ensure smooth nitrogen flow and facilitate installation and maintenance.

[0032] b. The connector adopts a metal corrugated tube transition structure to accommodate displacement changes when the cable is bent, thus avoiding interface breakage.

[0033] c. Port reservation: The two ends of the nylon tube extend to the cable end and are connected to the external nitrogen supply system cylinder group through sealing flanges to ensure the airtightness of the nitrogen filling process.

[0034] 2. Curvature Adaptive Design a. Material selection: The nylon tube uses a highly flexible modified material that requires the addition of 30% glass fiber reinforced PA66, with a bending radius ≤ 8 times the outer diameter of the pipe, meeting the mechanical performance requirements in GB / T 2951.14-2008 "General Test Methods for Insulation and Sheath Materials of Cables and Optical Cables".

[0035] b. Structural cushioning: The saddle-shaped filled ceramicized polyolefin material has an elastic cushioning effect, providing deformation space for the nylon tube when the cable bends, avoiding damage to the tube caused by hard compression.

[0036] c. Bending test verification: During the production process, the finished cable is subjected to a bending test (the bending radius is 15 times the outer diameter of the cable to simulate the actual laying scenario). The pressure sensor monitors the change of air pressure inside the nylon tube to ensure that the pipe is leak-free and deformation-free after bending.

[0037] II. Intelligent Fiber Optic Laying Implementation Plan 1. Fiber optic deployment and fixing a. Path planning: The intelligent optical fiber is laid along the cable axis in the saddle-shaped holes of the filling layer, arranged parallel to the antifreeze nylon tube, and fixed to the surface of the ceramicized polyolefin filling material with high-temperature resistant silicone to prevent the optical fiber from shaking or breaking.

[0038] b. Full-length coverage and segmented detection: ① It adopts distributed fiber optic temperature measurement (DTS) technology, and a single fiber can cover a cable of up to 50 kilometers. The temperature distribution of the entire section can be monitored in real time through terminal equipment, without the need to set up sensors in sections.

[0039] ② An optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) connected to the terminal equipment at both ends of the optical fiber can accurately locate temperature anomalies by analyzing the attenuation and scattering characteristics of the optical signal (accuracy ≤ 1 meter).

[0040] 2. Fiber Optic and Cable Integration Technology a. Synchronous cabling and laying: During the cable stranding process, the optical fiber, core, and filler material are introduced into the cabling mold simultaneously. The tension control system keeps the optical fiber in a relaxed state (tension ≤ 0.5N) to avoid tensile damage.

[0041] b. Optimized bending performance: The minimum bending radius of the optical fiber is ≥30mm (meeting the YD / T 1258-2017 "Indoor Optical Cable" standard). The arc design of the saddle-shaped filling structure can guide the optical fiber to deform naturally with the cable bending, avoiding stress concentration.

[0042] c. Anti-interference design: The outer layer of the optical fiber is wrapped with an aluminum foil shielding layer and grounded with the armor layer to eliminate the interference of the cable's electromagnetic field on the optical signal and ensure stable temperature data transmission.

[0043] III. Compatibility with existing installation structures 1. Pipe connection adaptation a. Compatible with existing air supply systems: The interface of the antifreeze nylon tube conforms to the GB / T 14514-2008 standard "Steel pipe fittings for compressed air" and can be directly connected to nitrogen supply pipelines commonly used in industrial settings.

[0044] b. Cutting and handling solution: When the cable needs to be cut for use, the cut point of the nylon tube is sealed with a sealing plug, and the remaining part can be connected to the nylon tube of the new cable section through an additional quick connector to ensure the integrity of the cooling system.

[0045] 2. Fiber optic signal transmission adaptation a. Terminal integration design: The intelligent optical fiber connects to the existing power monitoring system through the photoelectric conversion module, supports industrial communication protocols such as Modbus and OPC UA, and achieves seamless integration with monitoring platforms in substations, data centers and other scenarios.

[0046] b. Long-distance signal amplification: For cable lines exceeding 50 kilometers, fiber optic repeaters are installed at intermediate nodes to compensate for optical signal attenuation and ensure that terminal equipment can obtain temperature data for the entire section in real time.

[0047] IV. Compliance with Curvature Standards 1. Test Basis and Indicators a. The overall bending performance of the cable meets the minimum bending radius requirements specified in GB / T 12706.1-2020 "Extruded Insulated Power Cables and Accessories with Rated Voltage of 1-35kV" (usually 15-20 times the outer diameter of the cable).

[0048] b. The bending performance of the internal conduit and optical fiber is verified through a bending test of the finished cable, followed by inspection: c. Nylon tubing: No cracks, no leaks, air pressure retention rate ≥95%; d. Intelligent optical fiber: optical loss increment ≤ 0.1dB / km, temperature monitoring accuracy error ≤ ±1℃.

[0049] 2. Key Points of Process Control The armor layer design employs a gap wrapping process (steel strip gap ≤ 5% of the cable width) to enhance cable flexibility.

[0050] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control, comprising a cable core and an outer sheath wrapped around the cable core, characterized in that: The cable core includes several cores and a filling layer, the filling layer filling the gaps between the cores; the filling layer includes a central filling and an outer peripheral filling, the outer peripheral filling being assembled from saddle-shaped filling materials; each saddle-shaped filling material has two holes arranged side by side through it, and each of the two holes contains a smart optical fiber and a nylon tube respectively.

2. The high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of wire cores is 4, and the 4 wire cores are symmetrically arranged in the cable core.

3. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The structure of the wire core, from the inside out, includes a conductor, a fire-resistant layer, a flame-retardant layer, and an insulating layer.

4. The high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conductor is a single-crystal copper conductor; the refractory layer is a layer of calcined mica tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%.

5. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flame-retardant layer is an aerogel composite tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%; the insulating layer is an ethylene propylene rubber insulating layer with a thickness of 1.0mm-1.2mm.

6. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 1, 2, 4, or 5, characterized in that: The outer protective layer consists of, from the inside out, an inner protective layer, a ceramicized silicone rubber coating, a flame-retardant strip, an armor layer, and a sheath layer.

7. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner protective layer is thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with a thickness of 1.2mm-1.4mm; the flame-retardant tape is glass fiber tape with an overlap rate of 20%-30%; the armor layer is steel tape; and the sheath layer is flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride sheath with a thickness of 2.2mm-2.4mm.

8. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the intelligent optical fiber and the nylon tube are laid along the entire length of the cable axis; the end of the intelligent optical fiber is connected to the terminal equipment, the end of the nylon tube is connected to the nitrogen supply equipment, and the nitrogen supply equipment is connected to the terminal equipment.

9. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, or 8, characterized in that: The intelligent optical fiber, nylon tube, nitrogen supply equipment, and terminal equipment together form an intelligent temperature control system. The terminal equipment can set a safe temperature threshold. When the monitored temperature exceeds the threshold, the terminal equipment triggers an audible and visual alarm and controls the nitrogen supply equipment to fill the nylon tube with nitrogen, thereby achieving automatic temperature regulation of the cable.

10. A high flame-retardant cable with intelligent temperature control according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer perimeter filling is composed of four saddle-shaped filler structures; the cross-sectional shape of the cable core and the cable is circular.

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