breaker

Abstract

This utility model discloses a circuit breaker. By integrating multiple functional modules of the circuit breaker onto two circuit boards, the circuit breaker's structure becomes more integrated. Furthermore, it enhances the circuit breaker's functional scalability, flexibly adapting to the needs of different external devices. Additionally, an electrical parameter acquisition module collects electrical parameters, and a metering control module performs energy metering based on these parameters, enabling the circuit breaker to perform energy metering. A temperature acquisition module collects the circuit breaker's temperature and transmits the corresponding electrical signal to the metering control module. The metering control module then controls the motor drive module to perform closing or opening actions based on the electrical signal. This ensures that if the circuit breaker overheats at the location of the temperature sensor, it can promptly control the circuit breaker to open, thereby protecting the circuit breaker, improving its safety and reliability, extending its service life, and further enriching its functionality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power electronic equipment and low-voltage electrical appliances, and in particular to a circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Circuit breakers are widely used in power systems.

[0003] In the existing technology, the function of circuit breakers is limited, and the monitoring and protection of circuit breakers are insufficient, which affects the safety and reliability of circuit breakers. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a circuit breaker to enrich its functions and improve its safety and reliability.

[0005] This utility model provides a circuit breaker, including: a first circuit board and a second circuit board. The first circuit board is provided with an electrical parameter acquisition module, a metering control module, a temperature acquisition module and a motor drive module; the second circuit board is provided with a dual-mode communication module and a main control module.

[0006] The electrical parameter acquisition module is connected to the metering control module and is used to acquire electrical parameters; the metering control module is used to meter electrical energy based on the electrical parameters; the temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the temperature of the circuit breaker and transmit the corresponding electrical signal to the metering control module; the metering control module is connected to the motor drive module and is also used to control the motor drive module to drive the motor to perform opening or closing actions based on the electrical signal; the main control module is connected to both the metering control module and the dual-mode communication module.

[0007] Optionally, the circuit breaker may also include electrical connection terminals, with the temperature acquisition module in contact with the electrical connection terminals, or a heat-conducting structure may be provided between the temperature acquisition module and the electrical connection terminals.

[0008] Optionally, the first circuit board is also equipped with a metering pulse output module, which is connected to the metering control module and is used to output metering pulse signals.

[0009] Optionally, the first circuit board is also equipped with a characteristic current transmitting module, which is connected in the main circuit where the circuit breaker is located, and is also connected to the metering control module; the characteristic current transmitting module is used to generate a characteristic current signal and inject it into the power grid under the control of the metering control module.

[0010] Optionally, the characteristic current emission module includes a rectifier circuit, at least one switching resistor and a switching unit. The input terminal of the rectifier circuit is connected to the main circuit, and the switching resistor and the switching unit are connected between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the rectifier circuit.

[0011] The metering control module is connected to the switching unit and is used to control the switching state of the switching resistor by controlling the duty cycle and conduction frequency of the switching unit, so that the characteristic current transmitting module generates a characteristic current signal and injects it into the power grid.

[0012] Optionally, the second circuit board can be detachably connected to the first circuit board.

[0013] Optionally, the second circuit board may also be equipped with a Bluetooth module and / or an isolated communication module. The Bluetooth module is connected to the main control module, and the isolated communication module is connected to the main control module. The isolated communication module includes at least two mutually isolated communication channels.

[0014] Optionally, the circuit breaker may also include an RJ45 interface and a terminal block, wherein the RJ45 interface is connected to at least one communication channel and the terminal block is connected to at least one communication channel.

[0015] Optionally, the circuit breaker also includes a spring antenna, which is disposed on the surface of the second circuit board and connected to the dual-mode communication module.

[0016] Optionally, the circuit breaker may also include a motor and a drive actuator, the motor being connected to the motor drive module (140) and the drive actuator being connected to the motor, for performing opening or closing actions under the drive of the motor; and / or, the circuit breaker may also include a trip unit, the trip unit being used to perform opening or closing actions under the control of the metering control module.

[0017] The circuit breaker of this embodiment integrates multiple functional modules onto two circuit boards, resulting in a more integrated structure and improved functional scalability to adapt to the needs of different external devices. Furthermore, an electrical parameter acquisition module collects electrical parameters, and a metering control module performs energy metering based on these parameters, enabling the circuit breaker to perform energy metering. A temperature acquisition module collects the circuit breaker's temperature and transmits the corresponding electrical signal to the metering control module. The metering control module then controls the motor drive module to perform closing or opening actions based on the electrical signal. This ensures that if the circuit breaker overheats at the location of the temperature sensor, it can be promptly controlled to open, thus protecting the circuit breaker, improving its safety and reliability, extending its service life, and further enriching its functionality.

[0018] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a characteristic current emission module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a front view of the circuit board of the characteristic current emission module provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a reverse schematic diagram of the circuit board of the characteristic current emission module provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a front view of the first circuit board;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a reverse view of the first circuit board;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure of the temperature acquisition module provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a front view of the second circuit board;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a reverse view of the second circuit board. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this utility model, for reference. Figure 1 The circuit breaker includes a first circuit board 100 and a second circuit board 200. The first circuit board 100 is equipped with an electrical parameter acquisition module 110, a metering control module 120, a temperature acquisition module 130, and a motor drive module 140. The second circuit board 200 is equipped with a dual-mode communication module 210 and a main control module 220. The electrical parameter acquisition module 110 is connected to the metering control module 120 and is used to acquire electrical parameters. The metering control module 120 is used to meter electrical energy according to the electrical parameters. The temperature acquisition module 130 is used to acquire the temperature of the circuit breaker and transmit the corresponding electrical signal to the metering control module 120. The metering control module 120 is connected to the motor drive module 140 and is also used to control the motor drive module 140 to drive the motor to perform opening or closing actions according to the electrical signal. The main control module 220 is communicatively connected to the metering control module 120 and the dual-mode communication module 210.

[0036] Circuit breakers can be used in power systems, such as in photovoltaic power generation systems, smart distribution boxes, energy storage controllers, microgrid management units, and smart charging piles. A circuit breaker includes electrical connection terminals, which are connected to the circuit in which it is applied. The opening or closing of the circuit breaker controls the continuity of the circuit. This circuit breaker can be a four-in-one circuit breaker, meeting the requirements of adjustability, controllability, observability, and measurability.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the circuit breaker includes a first circuit board 100 and a second circuit board 200. The first circuit board 100 is centered around a metering and control module 120. An electrical parameter acquisition module 110, a temperature acquisition module 130, and a motor drive module 140 are respectively connected to the metering and control module 120, thereby transmitting the acquired parameters to the metering and control module 120 or performing actions under the control of the metering and control module 120. The second circuit board 200 is centered around a main control module 220. A dual-mode communication module 210 is communicatively connected to the main control module 220. The dual-mode communication module 210 can transmit received signals to the main control module 220, and the main control module 220 can also send signals to external devices through the dual-mode communication module 210. In this embodiment of the utility model, by setting multiple functional modules of the circuit breaker on two circuit boards, the structure of the circuit breaker can be made more integrated. On the other hand, by setting the second circuit board 200 and the first circuit board 100 to be detachably connected, for example, the second circuit board 200 and the first circuit board 100 can be plugged in and out. The second circuit board 200 with different functions can be replaced according to actual needs, thereby improving the functional scalability of the circuit breaker and flexibly adapting to the needs of different external devices.

[0038] The electrical parameters can include current and voltage. The electrical parameter acquisition module 110 can include a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. Correspondingly, the circuit breaker is equipped with a current sampling interface and a voltage sampling interface. The current sampling unit is connected to the current sampling interface. The current sampling unit acquires the current, performs analog-to-digital conversion, and transmits it to the metering control module 120. The voltage acquisition unit acquires the voltage, performs mode conversion, and transmits it to the metering control module 120. The metering control module 120 can perform energy metering based on current and voltage. In some embodiments, a Rogowski coil can be used for non-contact current detection. In this case, the circuit breaker does not need to be equipped with a current sampling interface; instead, a voltage signal is acquired using a capacitor voltage divider to achieve non-contact energy metering. The metering control module 120 can be implemented using a chip with metering and control functions from related technologies. In the case of non-contact energy metering, the chip implementing the metering function in the metering control module 120 can be an ATT7022E. By setting the circuit breaker to include the electrical parameter acquisition module 110 and the metering control module 120, the circuit breaker has the function of energy metering, thereby enriching the circuit breaker's functionality.

[0039] The temperature acquisition module 130 may include a temperature sensor, which can contact a portion of the circuit breaker to directly sense its temperature. A heat-conducting structure may also be provided between the temperature sensor and the circuit breaker, allowing the circuit breaker temperature to be detected by sensing the temperature of the heat-conducting structure. The temperature sensor can be directly or indirectly connected to the temperature sampling port of the metering control module 120. The temperature sensor converts the detected temperature signal from the circuit breaker into an electrical signal and transmits it to the temperature sampling port. The temperature sampling port performs analog-to-digital conversion, converting the signal into a signal recognizable by the metering control module 120. The metering control module 120 can determine whether there is a temperature abnormality in the circuit breaker, such as overheating, based on the signal output from the temperature sensor. In the event of an abnormal temperature, the module promptly controls the circuit breaker to trip. Specifically, this is achieved by controlling the tripping execution module 140 to perform the tripping action, thereby protecting the circuit breaker, improving its safety and reliability, and extending its service life.

[0040] Optionally, after the circuit breaker trips, once the temperature at the location of the temperature sensor returns to normal, the metering control module 120 collects the electrical signal corresponding to the temperature and controls the tripping / closing execution module 140 to perform a closing action. The tripping / closing execution module 140 can be a structure that directly performs the closing or tripping action, or it can be a structure that indirectly performs the closing or tripping action.

[0041] In some embodiments, an amplifier circuit and / or a filter circuit may be provided between the temperature sampling port of the temperature acquisition module 130 and the metering control module 120. By providing the temperature acquisition module 130 and the opening and closing execution module 140, the functions of the circuit breaker are further enriched.

[0042] Optionally, the temperature sensor includes a thermistor or a resistance temperature detector (RTD). For example, the thermistor can be a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor or a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor. For example, the PTC thermistor can be a PT100 RTD, paired with a high-precision constant current source circuit, such as REF200, to acquire the temperature signal through a bridge circuit. After amplification and filtering, the signal is transmitted to the metering and control module 120 to achieve accurate detection of the circuit breaker temperature, with high measurement accuracy and good linearity.

[0043] In some embodiments, the dual-mode communication module 210 can be a dual-mode communication module combining high-speed power line communication (HPLC) and high-frequency radio frequency (HRF) communication. By integrating the HPLC / HRF communication module, which is connected to the main control module 220 via a Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) bus, the HRF module handles short-range wireless data exchange, while the HPLC module implements power line communication. The two modules work together to provide dual-mode communication capabilities, adapting to data transmission needs in different scenarios. The main control module 220 can be implemented using a microcontroller, such as the AT32F403. The main control module 220 is communicatively connected to the metering control module 120, thereby enabling data exchange between the two. For example, the metering control module 120 can upload the collected electrical parameters to the main control module 220. The main control module 220 can also send corresponding instructions to the metering control module 120 according to the instructions received through the dual-mode communication module 210, thereby enabling the metering control module 120 to control the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker through the motor drive circuit 140. Optionally, the main control module 220 and the metering control module 120 can communicate via a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and / or via a UART interface.

[0044] By setting a dual-mode communication module 210 on the second circuit board 200, communication link redundancy can be achieved, and communication links can be automatically switched; it supports multiple mainstream communication protocols and can automatically adapt to the connected device.

[0045] In other embodiments, the dual-mode communication module 210 can also be a 4G + Long Range Radio (LoRa) dual-mode communication module 210. It integrates a 4G communication module (such as SIM7600CE) and a LoRa wireless module (such as SX1278), connecting to the main control module 220 via a UART bus. The 4G module enables remote data transmission, while the LoRa module enables local low-power wireless communication, replacing the HPLC / HRF solution and adapting to data transmission needs in different scenarios.

[0046] The circuit breaker in this embodiment integrates multiple functional modules onto two circuit boards, resulting in a more integrated structure and enhanced functional scalability to adapt to the needs of different external devices. Furthermore, an electrical parameter acquisition module collects electrical parameters, and a metering control module performs energy metering based on these parameters, enabling the circuit breaker to perform energy metering. A temperature acquisition module collects the circuit breaker's temperature and transmits the corresponding electrical signal to the metering control module. The metering control module then controls the motor drive module to perform closing or opening actions based on the electrical signal. This ensures that if the circuit breaker overheats at the location of the temperature sensor, it can be promptly controlled to open, thus protecting the circuit breaker, improving its safety and reliability, extending its service life, and further enriching its functionality.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 2 Optionally, the circuit breaker also includes a motor 142 and a transmission actuator 143. The motor 142 is connected to the motor drive module 140, and the transmission actuator 143 is connected to the motor 142, for performing opening or closing actions under the drive of the motor 142.

[0048] The motor drive module 140 can be implemented using a motor drive chip 142 from related technologies. For example, a servo motor drive chip 142, such as TB6600, can be used. The metering control module 120 can output a drive signal to the motor drive module 140, causing the motor drive module 140 to drive the motor 142 to rotate forward or reverse, thereby driving the transmission actuator to perform closing or opening actions.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the circuit breaker further includes a trip unit 144, which is used to perform opening or closing actions under the control of the metering control module 120.

[0050] In some embodiments, the circuit breaker further includes an electromagnetic coil, which drives the armature through a strong magnetic field to trigger the tripping action of the trip unit 144. In other embodiments, the trip unit 144 includes a trip unit and a control switch. The metering control module 120 controls the tripping state of the trip unit through the control switch. For example, when the control switch is on, the trip unit is triggered to trip and perform a tripping action; correspondingly, when the control switch is off, the trip unit is not triggered to trip and a closing action is performed.

[0051] Optionally, the circuit breaker may also include electrical connection terminals, with the temperature acquisition module 130 in contact with the electrical connection terminals, or a heat-conducting structure may be provided between the temperature acquisition module 130 and the electrical connection terminals.

[0052] Specifically, the electrical connection terminals of the circuit breaker are more prone to overheating. A temperature acquisition module 130 can be placed in contact with the electrical connection terminals to directly detect their temperature. Alternatively, a heat-conducting structure, such as a metal heat-conducting sheet, can be installed between the temperature acquisition module 130 and the electrical connection terminals. The temperature acquisition module 130 can then indirectly detect the temperature of the electrical connection terminals by detecting the temperature of this heat-conducting structure. This allows for the timely detection of abnormal temperatures at the electrical connection terminals, enabling the metering and control module 120 to promptly trip the circuit breaker upon detecting overheating or other abnormalities, ensuring the safety and reliability of the circuit breaker's operation.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 3 The circuit breaker also includes a metering pulse output module 150, which is connected to the metering control module 120 and is used to output metering pulse signals.

[0054] Optionally, the metering pulse output module 150 may include a first isolation unit and a metering pulse output terminal. The first isolation unit is connected to the metering control module 120 and the metering pulse output terminal, respectively. In some embodiments, the first isolation unit may include an optocoupler isolation element. The metering pulse output terminal can be connected to external devices such as energy meters through hard-wiring. Optical isolation is used to achieve stable transmission of energy metering pulse signals and avoid interference affecting metering accuracy. In other embodiments, the first isolation unit includes a miniature pulse transformer, which transmits pulse signals through electromagnetic coupling to achieve isolated transmission of energy metering pulse signals and avoid interference affecting metering accuracy.

[0055] In other embodiments, a wireless pulse transmission scheme can also be used. In this case, the circuit breaker may not be equipped with a metering pulse output terminal. The metering pulse output module 150 may include a wireless transmission module (such as nRF24L01) to convert the energy metering pulse signal into a wireless signal output. An external wireless receiving module is connected to the energy meter to replace the original hard-wiring method, realize the wireless transmission of the pulse signal, and improve the installation flexibility.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 4 Optionally, the circuit breaker also includes a characteristic current transmitting module 160, which is connected in series in the main circuit where the circuit breaker is located, and is connected to the metering control module 120; the characteristic current transmitting module 160 is used to generate a characteristic current signal and inject it into the power grid under the control of the metering control module 120.

[0057] The characteristic current transmitting module 160 is connected in series in the main circuit where the circuit breaker is located. Under the control of the metering control module 120, the characteristic current transmitting module 160 generates a characteristic current signal of a specific frequency and amplitude and injects it into the power grid. It also has signal isolation and anti-interference design to ensure the stability and accuracy of the characteristic current signal. By including the characteristic current transmitting module 160 in the circuit breaker, fault location is facilitated.

[0058] In some embodiments, a characteristic current generation chip can be used, connected in series with the main circuit of the circuit breaker via hardwiring. In other embodiments, a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) chip (such as AD9850) is used instead of the characteristic current generation chip. The DDS technology generates a digital signal of a specific frequency and amplitude, which is then injected into the power grid through a power amplifier circuit and a pulse transformer to achieve characteristic current transmission, thereby improving the accuracy and flexibility of signal generation.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a characteristic current transmitting module provided in an embodiment of this utility model, for reference. Figure 5 Optionally, the characteristic current transmitting module 160 includes a rectifier circuit 161, at least one switching resistor, and a switching unit 162. The input terminal of the rectifier circuit 161 is connected to the main circuit, and the switching resistor and the switching unit 162 are connected between the positive output terminal DC0+ and the negative output terminal DC- of the rectifier circuit 161. The metering control module 120 is connected to the switching unit 162 and is used to control the switching state of the switching resistor by controlling the duty cycle and conduction frequency of the switching unit 162, so that the characteristic current transmitting module 160 generates a characteristic current signal and injects it into the power grid.

[0060] The switching unit 162 may include a first switching device Q1 and a control circuit. The switching device and the switching resistor are connected between the positive output terminal DC0+ and the negative output terminal DC- of the rectifier circuit 161. Figure 6 Four switching resistors are schematically shown: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 are connected in series between the positive output terminal DC0+ and the first output terminal DC+ of the rectifier circuit 161. The fourth resistor R4 and the first switching device Q1 are connected in series between the first output terminal DC+ and the negative output terminal DC-. The control circuit includes a second switching device Q2 and an optocoupler U1, which are connected to the metering control module 120 via the first input terminal SEND. The signal output from the metering control module 120 can control the conduction state of the second switching device Q2, and the optocoupler U1 controls the conduction state of the first switching device Q1. The first terminal of the optocoupler U1 is connected to a first power supply V1, the voltage of which is, for example, 3.3V. When the first switching device Q1 is turned on, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are switched on; when the first device is turned off, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are not switched on. The duty cycle and frequency of the control signal for the second switching device Q2 are controlled by the metering control module 120 to control the conduction time and frequency of the first switching device Q1, thereby adjusting the amplitude and frequency of the characteristic current.

[0061] Continue to refer to Figure 5 Optionally, the characteristic current emission module 160 includes a varistor R5 and a first diode D1, wherein the varistor R5 is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 161 and can be used for overvoltage protection. The first diode D1 can suppress reverse voltage surges. Figure 5 The diagram schematically illustrates the connection of the characteristic current transmitting module 160 with phases A and N.

[0062] Figure 6 This is a front view of the circuit board of the characteristic current emission module provided in this embodiment of the utility model. Figure 7 This is a reverse schematic diagram of the circuit board of the characteristic current emission module provided in this embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The circuit board of the characteristic current emission module 160 has a varistor R5, a rectifier circuit 161, a first switching device Q1, a first diode D1, switching resistors R (such as the first, second, third, and fourth resistors mentioned above), and an optocoupler U1 on the front side. The circuit board of the characteristic current emission module 160 has a heat dissipation pad 161 on the back side.

[0063] Figure 8 This is a front view of the first circuit board. Figure 9 This is a reverse view of the first circuit board, for reference. Figure 8 and Figure 9 On the front side of the first circuit board 100, a voltage sampling resistor 111 for an electrical parameter acquisition module is provided. On the back side of the first circuit board 100, a motor drive module 140, a metering control module, and a current sampling resistor for an electrical parameter acquisition module are provided. The metering control module and the current sampling resistor are located in region 170.

[0064] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure of the temperature acquisition module provided in this embodiment of the utility model, for reference. Figure 10 Temperature acquisition sensor 131 is installed on the circuit board of temperature acquisition module 130.

[0065] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 12 Optionally, the second circuit board 200 is also provided with a Bluetooth module 230 and / or an isolated communication module 240. The Bluetooth module 230 is communicatively connected to the main control module 210, and the isolated communication module 240 is communicatively connected to the main control module 210. The isolated communication module 240 includes at least two mutually isolated communication channels.

[0066] Optionally, the Bluetooth module 230 supports configuration parameters for on-site handheld devices and automatically switches to a 4G backup link when communication is interrupted. The isolated communication module 240 may include a second isolation unit and at least two communication channels, which are mutually isolated through the second isolation unit. In some embodiments, the second isolation unit may include an optocoupler isolation element; in another embodiment, the second isolation unit includes a magnetic isolation chip (such as ADuM1400) instead of an optocoupler isolation element, achieving signal transmission through magnetic coupling. This integrates isolation of at least two communication channels, providing stronger anti-interference capabilities and suitability for environments with strong electromagnetic interference, functionally equivalent to the design of an optocoupler isolation element. Optionally, the at least two communication channels may be RS485 communication channels. In this case, an RS485 communication chip may also be provided on the second circuit board 200, connected to the second isolation unit.

[0067] Optionally, the RS485 communication chip can be replaced with a Controller Area Network Bus (CAN) controller (such as SJA1000), paired with a CAN bus transceiver (such as TJA1051), to achieve data transmission through the CAN bus protocol, support a multi-master arbitration mechanism, and eliminate the need for hardware channel shielding. It can replace the relevant circuitry for the aforementioned RS485 communication channel to achieve device communication.

[0068] Continue to refer to Figure 11Optionally, the circuit breaker also includes an RJ45 interface 241 and a terminal block 242. The RJ45 interface 241 connects to at least one communication channel, and the terminal block 242 connects to at least one communication channel. The different communication channels are isolated from each other. This configuration allows the circuit breaker to have connection interfaces of different structural forms, facilitating connection between the circuit breaker and external devices with different interface types.

[0069] like Figure 11 As shown, the main control module 220 can also be connected to various types of memory, such as electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) and flash memory. The main control module 220 can also be connected to an embedded secure access module (Esam). The memory and Esam can be mounted on the second circuit board 200. Optionally, the metering control module 120 can also be connected to an EEPROM. In some embodiments, the metering control module 120 is also connected to a switch position detection module to detect the position of the opening and closing switch in real time.

[0070] Figure 12 This is a front view of the second circuit board. Figure 13 This is a reverse view of the second circuit board, for reference. Figure 12 and Figure 13 On the front side of the second circuit board 200, there are discrete component parts 212 of the dual-mode communication module, discrete component connection points 213, and low-voltage digital parts 214, as well as optocoupler components 151 of the metering pulse output module. On the back side of the second circuit board 200, there is a UART to RS485 chip 241.

[0071] Continue to refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 Optionally, the circuit breaker also includes a spring antenna 250, which is disposed on the surface of the second circuit board 200 and connected to the dual-mode communication module 210. This allows the dual-mode communication module 210 to transmit and receive signals via the spring antenna 250, thereby enabling communication between the circuit breaker and external devices. The spiral structure of the spring antenna 250 effectively increases the current path, making it electrically behave like a long linear antenna while being physically very short and compact. This allows the spring antenna 200 to have good communication performance and reduces its space occupation.

[0072] The circuit breaker of this utility model embodiment can be used in intelligent distribution boxes. By integrating multiple modules, the intelligent management level of the distribution box is improved. Specific applications are as follows:

[0073] Hardware Adaptation and Architecture: The intelligent distribution box can draw on the multi-module integrated design of intelligent photovoltaic miniature circuit breakers. The second circuit board, primarily based on the AT32F403 chip, integrates an RS485 circuit and a dual-mode communication module. The first circuit board, primarily based on the SY4450 chip, integrates a metering control module and a motor drive circuit. The RS485 circuit supports three independent communication channels, connecting to the residual current device (RCD), electricity meter, and external monitoring equipment within the distribution box. The metering control module monitors the total power consumption of the distribution box in real time via a current / voltage sampling interface. The dual-mode communication module (e.g., 4G+LoRa) enables remote data transmission and local wireless configuration. The motor drive circuit drives the main switch within the distribution box via a motor, achieving electric opening and closing operations.

[0074] Functional Enhancements and Advantages: Through multi-module integration, the intelligent distribution box can achieve accurate metering, remote monitoring, and intelligent control of electricity consumption data. It supports real-time monitoring and abnormal alarms of electricity load. When overcurrent, overvoltage, or temperature abnormalities are detected, the motor drive circuit automatically trips the circuit breaker to protect the motor. At the same time, the fault information is uploaded to the cloud platform through the dual-mode communication module, improving the intelligent management level and electricity safety of the distribution box.

[0075] Temperature monitoring and protection mechanism: A temperature acquisition module is applied at the terminal connection of the intelligent distribution box, using a high-precision NTC thermistor closely attached to the terminal surface to monitor the cable temperature in real time. When the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the cable temperature measurement module transmits a signal to the metering control module, triggering the motor drive circuit to open the circuit breaker. Simultaneously, an alarm message is sent to the monitoring system via an RS485 circuit. This achieves real-time temperature monitoring of the distribution box terminals, effectively preventing safety accidents caused by terminal overheating, improving the reliability of the distribution box operation, reducing manual inspection costs, and enhancing the safety and stability of the power system.

[0076] The circuit breaker of this utility model embodiment can also be used in energy storage system controllers. The technological improvements of the intelligent photovoltaic miniature circuit breaker can be applied to energy storage system controllers to optimize energy management and safety control of the energy storage system. The applications are as follows:

[0077] Applications of communication and control technologies

[0078] Dual-mode communication and protocol conversion: The energy storage system controller can integrate a dual-mode communication module (such as HPLC+HRF) from an intelligent photovoltaic microcircuit breaker, supporting power line carrier communication and local wireless communication to achieve data interaction with energy storage batteries, inverters, and the power grid. Simultaneously, drawing on the multi-channel design and protocol compatibility technology of RS485 circuits, it supports multiple communication protocols such as Modbus and CAN, enabling data interaction and collaborative control between energy storage devices from different manufacturers. This improves the communication compatibility and stability of the energy storage system controller, supports bidirectional communication between the energy storage system and the power grid, and enables remote monitoring, energy dispatch, and optimized management of the energy storage system, thereby improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0079] The energy storage system controller can utilize the motor drive circuit of an intelligent photovoltaic miniature circuit breaker to achieve electric control of the switching equipment in the energy storage system, supporting switching between different operating modes such as charging, discharging, grid-connected, and off-grid operation. Combined with an electrical parameter acquisition module, a metering and control module, and a characteristic current emission module, the energy storage system controller can monitor the energy flow of the energy storage system in real time. By injecting characteristic signals into the grid through the characteristic current emission module, it achieves synchronous and coordinated control between the energy storage system and the grid, optimizing energy management and improving the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0080] The circuit breaker of this utility model embodiment can also be applied in microgrid management units, which can improve the intelligent control and coordination management capabilities of the microgrid, as detailed below:

[0081] Application of multi-device collaborative control technology

[0082] Motor drive circuit and system coordination: The microgrid management unit can integrate a motor drive circuit to control the connection and disconnection of distributed power sources (such as photovoltaic inverters and wind turbines) in the microgrid. Through the motor-driven opening and closing operations of the motor drive circuit, a smooth switching between grid-connected and off-grid modes of the microgrid is achieved. Simultaneously, combined with a temperature acquisition module, the temperature of key nodes in the microgrid is monitored in real time to ensure safe equipment operation. This enables intelligent control and coordinated management of distributed power sources in the microgrid, improving the stability and reliability of the microgrid and supporting efficient operation and optimized energy scheduling.

[0083] Precise metering and data interaction: Drawing inspiration from the metering control module and dual-mode communication module design of intelligent photovoltaic microcircuit breakers, the microgrid management unit can achieve precise metering of each distributed power source and load in the microgrid. Through the dual-mode communication module, it interacts with various devices in the microgrid and the remote monitoring center, supporting energy management, load forecasting, and optimized scheduling of the microgrid. This improves the metering accuracy and communication capabilities of the microgrid management unit, enabling intelligent management of the microgrid, enhancing its capacity to absorb renewable energy, and reducing its operating costs.

[0084] The circuit breaker of this utility model embodiment can also be used in smart charging piles to improve the safety, intelligence level and user experience of the charging piles. The application is as follows:

[0085] Motor Drive Circuit and Charging Safety: Smart charging piles can integrate a motor drive circuit to control the charging interface switch, enabling electric control and safety protection during the charging process. When a charging abnormality (such as overcurrent, overvoltage, or short circuit) is detected, the motor drive circuit automatically trips, cutting off the charging circuit and ensuring charging safety. Simultaneously, combined with a temperature acquisition module, the temperature of the charging pile terminals and charging interface is monitored in real time to prevent overheating. This improves the safety performance of smart charging piles, reduces charging accidents, and ensures user charging safety and reliable equipment operation.

[0086] Dual-mode communication and metering settlement: Smart charging piles can utilize dual-mode communication modules (such as 4G + Bluetooth) from intelligent photovoltaic miniature circuit breakers, supporting remote communication and local interaction to achieve charging pile status monitoring, charging control, and payment settlement. Simultaneously, it integrates electrical parameter acquisition and metering control modules for accurate metering of charging power. Through dual-mode communication technology, users can remotely monitor charging status and schedule charging times via a mobile app, enhancing the user charging experience. It also supports centralized management and scheduling of charging piles by the charging pile operation management platform, improving the operational efficiency of the charging piles.

[0087] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this utility model can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0088] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker characterized by, include: The first circuit board (100) and the second circuit board (200) are provided. The first circuit board (100) is provided with an electrical parameter acquisition module (110), a metering control module (120), a temperature acquisition module (130) and a motor drive module (140); the second circuit board (200) is provided with a dual-mode communication module (210) and a main control module (220). The electrical parameter acquisition module (110) is connected to the metering control module (120) and is used to acquire electrical parameters; the metering control module (120) is used to perform electrical energy metering based on the electrical parameters. The temperature acquisition module (130) is used to acquire the temperature of the circuit breaker and transmit the electrical signal corresponding to the temperature to the metering control module (120); The metering control module (120) is connected to the motor drive module (140), and the metering control module (120) is also used to control the motor drive module (140) to drive the motor to perform opening or closing actions according to the electrical signal. The main control module (220) is communicatively connected to the metering control module (120) and the dual-mode communication module (210).

2. The circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein, It also includes an electrical connection terminal, with the temperature acquisition module (130) in contact with the electrical connection terminal, or a heat-conducting structure is provided between the temperature acquisition module (130) and the electrical connection terminal.

3. The circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein, The first circuit board (100) is also provided with a metering pulse output module (150), which is connected to the metering control module (120) and is used to output metering pulse signals.

4. The circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein, The first circuit board (100) is also provided with a characteristic current transmitting module (160), which is connected in the main circuit where the circuit breaker is located, and is connected to the metering control module (120); the characteristic current transmitting module (160) is used to generate a characteristic current signal and inject it into the power grid under the control of the metering control module (120).

5. The circuit breaker of claim 4, wherein, The characteristic current emission module (160) includes a rectifier circuit (161), at least one switching resistor and a switching unit (162). The input terminal of the rectifier circuit (161) is connected to the main circuit. The switching resistor and the switching unit (162) are connected between the positive output terminal (DC0+) and the negative output terminal (DC-) of the rectifier circuit (161). The metering control module (120) is connected to the switching unit (162) and is used to control the switching state of the switching resistor by controlling the duty cycle and conduction frequency of the switching unit (162), so that the characteristic current transmitting module (160) generates the characteristic current signal and injects it into the power grid.

6. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second circuit board (200) is detachably connected to the first circuit board (100).

7. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second circuit board (200) is also provided with a Bluetooth module (230) and / or an isolated communication module (240). The Bluetooth module (230) is communicatively connected to the main control module (220), and the isolated communication module (240) is communicatively connected to the main control module (220). The isolated communication module (240) includes at least two mutually isolated communication channels.

8. The circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an RJ45 interface (241) and a terminal block (242), wherein the RJ45 interface (241) is connected to at least one of the communication channels and the terminal block (242) is connected to at least one of the communication channels.

9. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spring antenna (250), which is disposed on the surface of the second circuit board (200) and is connected to the dual-mode communication module (210).

10. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a motor (142) and a transmission actuator (143). The motor (142) is connected to the motor drive module (140), and the transmission actuator (143) is connected to the motor (142). It is used to perform opening or closing actions under the drive of the motor (142). And / or, the circuit breaker further includes a trip unit (144) for performing opening or closing actions under the control of the metering control module (120).

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