Battery pack, battery and vehicle using the same

Abstract

This utility model relates to a battery pack and a battery and vehicle using the battery pack. It includes a battery pack housing, within which multiple battery cells are disposed. Each battery cell includes a cell housing and a cell pressure relief valve located at the upper end of the cell housing. A flow guide is disposed between the battery cell and the battery pack housing. The flow guide has a main flow channel corresponding to each group of cell pressure relief valves. Multiple branch flow channels are connected to the main flow channel. Each branch flow channel on the same main flow channel is connected to a cell pressure relief valve in the same group of cell pressure relief valves. Each cell pressure relief valve is located in its corresponding branch flow channel. The main flow channels are connected in series or in parallel. The battery pack housing has a fire extinguishing agent inlet and a fire extinguishing agent outlet connected to the corresponding main flow channel. This utility model solves the technical problem in the prior art where the flow path of the cooling fire extinguishing agent within the battery pack is disordered, making it impossible to efficiently cool the hot battery cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy storage safety technology, and in particular to a battery pack, a battery using the battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Power supply is an important component of new energy vehicles, which refer to electric two-wheelers, cars, and some engineering vehicles that use batteries as their power source.

[0003] A battery typically consists of multiple battery packs connected in series and / or parallel. A battery pack usually includes a battery pack casing with a pressure relief valve. Inside the casing are multiple battery cells, with their electrodes connected in series and / or parallel. Each battery cell typically includes a cell housing with its electrodes located thereon. The cell housing also has a pressure relief valve.

[0004] For liquid batteries such as lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, the generation of hot cells is unavoidable. This is determined by the electrochemical structure and operating conditions. A hot cell refers to a cell that generates heat due to an internal short circuit, leading to combustion. When a short circuit occurs inside a cell, heat and high-pressure gas are generated. The main function of the cell pressure relief valve is to allow this hot gas to be released, preventing the hot cell from exploding. However, if the released high-temperature gas cannot be cooled and discharged in time, not only will the heat of the hot cell not dissipate in time, causing the hot cell to burn and explode, but the hot cell will also ignite other surrounding cells, ultimately leading to the combustion and explosion of the entire battery pack and the entire battery.

[0005] In existing technologies, to improve the heat dissipation capacity of hot gases, a common practice is to connect a feed inlet to the battery pack casing. This inlet is connected to a cooling and extinguishing agent. When a battery cell overheats due to an internal short circuit, hot gases are discharged from the cell's pressure relief valve. These hot gases are also flammable. A sensor inside the battery pack casing detects this situation, and the feed inlet injects the cooling and extinguishing agent into the cell pack casing. The agent is then discharged through the casing's pressure relief valve. Ideally, as the cooling and extinguishing agent is discharged through the outlet, it carries away the hot gases, thereby cooling the hot battery cell. However, it was found in practice that this method does not achieve a good cooling effect. This is because the path of the cooling extinguishing agent is disordered and uncertain. The cooling extinguishing agent cannot necessarily carry away the hot gas. For example, if the hot cell that has short-circuited is located in a corner of the battery pack and is not on the path between the feed inlet and the housing pressure relief valve, the cooling extinguishing agent will have difficulty carrying away the hot gas generated by the hot cell. In addition, the cell pressure relief valve is a weak point of the cell. The hot gas generated by the hot cell may also damage the pressure relief valves of other cells, thus causing damage to other cells as well. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery pack that solves the technical problem in the prior art where the cooling and extinguishing agent in the battery pack has a disordered flow path and cannot efficiently cool the hot battery cell; the purpose of this invention is also to provide a battery pack and power supply that use the hot battery cell.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the battery pack in this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A battery pack includes a battery pack housing, within which multiple battery cells are disposed. Each battery cell includes a battery cell housing and a battery cell pressure relief valve disposed at the upper end of the battery cell housing. The battery cell pressure relief valves are arranged to form multiple sets of battery cell pressure relief valves spaced apart in a left-right direction. Each set of battery cell pressure relief valves includes multiple sets of battery cell pressure relief valves spaced apart in a front-back direction. A flow guide is disposed between the battery cell and the battery pack housing. The flow guide is provided with a main flow channel corresponding to each set of battery cell pressure relief valves. Multiple branch flow guide channels are connected to the main flow channel. Each branch flow guide channel on the same main flow channel is connected to each battery cell pressure relief valve in the same set of battery cell pressure relief valves. Each battery cell pressure relief valve is located in a corresponding branch flow guide channel. The main flow channels are connected in series or in parallel. The battery pack housing is provided with a fire extinguishing agent inlet and a fire extinguishing agent outlet connected to the corresponding main flow channel.

[0009] Furthermore, a feed valve is installed at the extinguishing agent inlet, and a discharge valve is installed at the extinguishing agent outlet, which is linked to the feed valve to achieve simultaneous opening or closing.

[0010] Furthermore, each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to a main flow channel, which is located on the left or right side of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves, and the main flow channels are connected in series.

[0011] Furthermore, each branch flow channel is an inclined channel set at an angle to the left and right. The inlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the cell pressure relief valve, and the outlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the main flow channel. Along the guiding path of the main flow channel, the inlet of the branch flow channel is located upstream of the outlet of the branch flow channel.

[0012] Furthermore, each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to two main flow channels, which are located on the left and right sides of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves, respectively. The branch flow channel includes an intermediate section corresponding to the corresponding cell pressure relief valve, a first connecting section connecting the intermediate section to one of the main flow channels, and a second connecting section connecting the intermediate section to the other main flow channel. The first connecting section and the second connecting section are both inclined channels that are inclined in the left and right direction. Along the guide path of the main flow channel, the first connecting section is located upstream of the second connecting section.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide component is also equipped with a feed channel extending in the left and right direction and a discharge channel extending in the left and right direction. The feed channel is connected to the front end of each main flow channel, the discharge channel is connected to the rear end of each main flow cylinder, the feed channel is connected to the extinguishing agent inlet, and the discharge channel is connected to the extinguishing agent outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, each main flow channel and each branch flow channel is enclosed by its corresponding flow guide plate.

[0015] The technical solution for the battery in this utility model is as follows:

[0016] The battery includes multiple battery packs, each battery pack containing a battery pack housing. Multiple battery cells are housed within the battery pack housing. Each battery cell includes a battery cell housing and a pressure relief valve located at the top of the battery cell housing. The pressure relief valves are arranged in multiple sets spaced apart in a left-right direction. Each set of pressure relief valves includes multiple sets of pressure relief valves spaced apart in a front-back direction. A flow guide is provided between the battery cells and the battery pack housing. The flow guide has a main flow channel corresponding to each set of pressure relief valves. Multiple branch flow channels are connected to the main flow channel. Each branch flow channel on the same main flow channel is connected to each pressure relief valve in the same set of pressure relief valves. The main flow channels are connected in series or in parallel. The battery pack housing has an extinguishing agent inlet and an extinguishing agent outlet connected to the corresponding main flow channel. The battery also includes an extinguishing agent storage tank connected to the extinguishing agent inlet and a waste collection tank connected to the extinguishing agent outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, a feed valve is installed at the extinguishing agent inlet, and a discharge valve is installed at the extinguishing agent outlet, which is linked to the feed valve to achieve simultaneous opening or closing.

[0018] Furthermore, each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to a main flow channel, which is located on the left or right side of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves, and the main flow channels are connected in series.

[0019] Furthermore, each branch flow channel is an inclined channel set at an angle to the left and right. The inlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the cell pressure relief valve, and the outlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the main flow channel. Along the guiding path of the main flow channel, the inlet of the branch flow channel is located upstream of the outlet of the branch flow channel.

[0020] Furthermore, each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to two main flow channels, which are located on the left and right sides of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves, respectively. The branch flow channel includes an intermediate section corresponding to the corresponding cell pressure relief valve, a first connecting section connecting the intermediate section to one of the main flow channels, and a second connecting section connecting the intermediate section to the other main flow channel. The first connecting section and the second connecting section are both inclined channels that are inclined in the left and right direction. Along the guide path of the main flow channel, the first connecting section is located upstream of the second connecting section.

[0021] Furthermore, the guide component is also equipped with a feed channel extending in the left and right direction and a discharge channel extending in the left and right direction. The feed channel is connected to the front end of each main flow channel, the discharge channel is connected to the rear end of each main flow cylinder, the feed channel is connected to the extinguishing agent inlet, and the discharge channel is connected to the extinguishing agent outlet.

[0022] Furthermore, each main flow channel and each branch flow channel is enclosed by its corresponding flow guide plate.

[0023] The vehicle's technical solution is as follows:

[0024] The vehicle includes a frame, on which a battery is mounted. The battery includes multiple battery packs, each battery pack having a housing. Multiple battery cells are housed within the housing. Each battery cell includes a housing and a pressure relief valve located at the top of the housing. The pressure relief valves are arranged in multiple sets spaced apart in a left-right direction. Each set of pressure relief valves includes multiple sets of valves spaced apart in a front-back direction. A flow guide is provided between the battery cells and the battery pack housing. The flow guide has a main flow channel corresponding to each set of pressure relief valves. Multiple branch flow channels are connected to the main flow channels. Each branch flow channel on the same main flow channel is connected to each pressure relief valve in the same set of valves. The main flow channels are connected in series or in parallel. The battery pack housing has an extinguishing agent inlet and an extinguishing agent outlet connected to the corresponding main flow channel. The battery also includes an extinguishing agent storage tank connected to the extinguishing agent inlet and a waste collection tank connected to the extinguishing agent outlet.

[0025] Furthermore, a feed valve is installed at the extinguishing agent inlet, and a discharge valve is installed at the extinguishing agent outlet, which is linked to the feed valve to achieve simultaneous opening or closing.

[0026] Furthermore, each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to a main flow channel, which is located on the left or right side of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves, and the main flow channels are connected in series.

[0027] Furthermore, each branch flow channel is an inclined channel set at an angle to the left and right. The inlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the cell pressure relief valve, and the outlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the main flow channel. Along the guiding path of the main flow channel, the inlet of the branch flow channel is located upstream of the outlet of the branch flow channel.

[0028] Furthermore, each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to two main flow channels, which are located on the left and right sides of the corresponding branch flow channels. The branch flow channels include an intermediate section corresponding to the corresponding cell pressure relief valve, a first connecting section connecting the intermediate section to one of the main flow channels, and a second connecting section connecting the intermediate section to the other main flow channel. The first connecting section and the second connecting section are both inclined channels that are inclined in the left and right direction. Along the guide path of the main flow channel, the first connecting section is located upstream of the second connecting section.

[0029] Furthermore, the guide component is also equipped with a feed channel extending in the left and right direction and a discharge channel extending in the left and right direction. The feed channel is connected to the front end of each main flow channel, the discharge channel is connected to the rear end of each main flow cylinder, the feed channel is connected to the extinguishing agent inlet, and the discharge channel is connected to the extinguishing agent outlet.

[0030] Furthermore, each main flow channel and each branch flow channel is enclosed by its corresponding flow guide plate.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When a short circuit occurs inside a battery cell, the hot gas enters the corresponding branch flow channel through the cell pressure relief valve of the corresponding battery cell. Cooling extinguishing agent is then introduced into the corresponding main flow channel through the extinguishing agent inlet. Under the guidance of the main flow channel, the cooling extinguishing agent will definitely carry away the hot gas generated by the battery cell through the corresponding branch flow channel, thereby achieving efficient cooling of the hot battery cell. Furthermore, the cooling extinguishing agent only needs to flow within the main flow channel and the branch flow channels, and does not need to fill the entire space between the battery cell and the battery pack casing, thus reducing the amount of cooling extinguishing agent used. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of this disclosure are illustrated by way of example and not limitation, and like or corresponding reference numerals denote like or corresponding portions, wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of battery cells in the battery pack of Embodiment 1 of the vehicle in this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the flow guide and the cell pressure relief valve in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the coordination between the middle branch diversion channel and the corresponding main flow channel;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the flow guide and the battery cell pressure relief valve in Embodiment 2 of the vehicle of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 BB-direction sectional view;

[0041] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the coordination between the middle branch diversion channel and the corresponding main flow channel;

[0042] 1. Battery pack casing; 2. Battery cell; 3. Inter-electrode conductive sheet; 4. Battery cell pressure relief valve; 5. Main flow channel; 6. Branch flow channel; 7. Flow guide plate; 8. Extinguishing agent outlet; 9. Extinguishing agent inlet; 10. Feed valve; 11. Discharge valve; 12. Extinguishing agent storage tank; 13. Waste collection tank; 14. Flow guide; 15. Feed channel; 16. Discharge channel; 17. First main flow channel; 18. Second main flow channel; 19. First connecting section; 20. Second connecting section. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0044] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0045] Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1-6 As shown:

[0046] The vehicle is an electric vehicle, comprising a frame, wheels, and a battery mounted on the frame. The wheels are driven by a wheel motor, which is powered by the battery. The frame and wheels are not shown in the figure.

[0047] The battery includes multiple battery packs connected in series and / or parallel. Each battery pack includes a battery pack housing 1, within which multiple electrically connected battery cells 2 are disposed. Each battery cell includes a cell housing and a cell pressure relief valve 4 disposed at the upper end of the cell housing. Cell electrodes are disposed at the upper end of the cell housing, and the corresponding cell electrodes are electrically connected to each other via inter-electrode conductive plates 3. Each cell housing also has a cell pressure relief valve 4 disposed at its upper end. The cell pressure relief valves 4 are arranged to form multiple sets of cell pressure relief valves spaced apart in the left-right direction. Each set of cell pressure relief valves includes multiple sets of the aforementioned cell pressure relief valves spaced apart in the front-back direction. In this embodiment, there are four sets of cell pressure relief valves. All of the above is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] In this embodiment, a flow guide 14 is provided between the battery pack housing and the upper end of each cell. The flow guide 14 includes a flow guide upright plate 7 and a flow guide top plate disposed on the top of the flow guide upright plate. The entire flow guide is pressed against the upper end of the cell, and a sealing gasket can be placed at the gap between the flow guide and the upper end of the cell.

[0049] The flow guide is provided with a main flow channel 5 corresponding to the pressure relief valve of each group of cells. Multiple branch flow guide channels 6 are connected to the main flow channel 5. Each branch flow guide channel 6 on the same main flow channel 5 is connected to the pressure relief valve of each cell in the same group of cells. Each cell pressure relief valve is located in the corresponding branch flow guide channel. The main flow channels are connected in series. The battery pack housing is provided with a fire extinguishing agent inlet 9 and a fire extinguishing agent outlet 8 connected to the corresponding main flow channel.

[0050] The main flow channel and the branch flow channels are enclosed by the guide plate and the top plate of the guide. A feed valve 10 is provided at the extinguishing agent inlet, and a discharge valve 11 is provided at the extinguishing agent outlet, which is linked to the feed valve to achieve simultaneous opening or closing. In this embodiment, the linkage control of the feed valve and the discharge valve is achieved through electric control. The feed valve is driven by a feed valve motor, and the discharge valve is driven by a discharge valve motor. The simultaneous closing or opening of the feed valve and the discharge valve is achieved by controlling the synchronous action of the feed valve motor and the discharge valve motor. In other embodiments of this utility model, the synchronous action of the feed valve and the discharge valve can also be achieved through mechanical transmission. For example, the switching valve stems of the feed valve and the discharge valve are connected by a connecting rod. The two switching valve stems and the connecting rod form a parallelogram linkage mechanism. One of the switching valve stems is driven by a motor. When one switching valve stem moves, the other switching valve stem will also move synchronously under the action of the connecting rod. A fire sensor is installed at the corresponding cell pressure relief valve position in the branch flow channel. The fire sensor is at least one of a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor. When a cell pressure relief valve releases high-heat gas, the fire sensor detects the situation and controls the feed valve and discharge valve to open. The fire extinguishing agent storage tank then introduces cooling fire extinguishing agent into the main flow channel through the feed port.

[0051] The battery also includes an extinguishing agent storage tank 12 connected to the extinguishing agent inlet and a waste collection tank 13 connected to the extinguishing agent outlet. The extinguishing agent storage tank stores a pressurized cooling extinguishing agent. In this embodiment, the cooling extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone.

[0052] In this embodiment, each group of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to a main flow channel 5. The main flow channel 5 is located on the left or right side of the corresponding group of cell pressure relief valves, and each main flow channel 5 is connected in series.

[0053] Each branch flow channel is an inclined channel sloping to the left and right. The inlet of branch flow channel 6 is connected to the cell pressure relief valve, and the outlet of branch flow channel is connected to the main flow channel 5. Along the guide path of the main flow channel, the inlet of the branch flow channel is located upstream of the outlet of the branch flow channel. When a cell pressure relief valve of a certain cell generates high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas itself has a certain pressure. The cooling extinguishing agent flows through the main flow channel and then through the corresponding branch flow channel, which generates a negative pressure. This helps to draw the high-temperature gas into the main flow channel and transport it downstream. The inclined branch flow channels can effectively prevent the high-temperature gas from flowing through the downstream branch flow channels to the corresponding unaffected cell pressure relief valve. While ensuring efficient release of the high-temperature gas generated by a certain cell pressure relief valve, it can also prevent this high-temperature gas from affecting other cell pressure relief valves. In other embodiments of this utility model, a negative pressure suction pump can also be installed at the waste collection tank to further increase the flow rate of the cooling extinguishing agent in the corresponding flow channel and improve the cooling effect.

[0054] Embodiment 2 of a vehicle Figures 7-9 As shown:

[0055] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that in this example, each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to two main flow channels, which are arranged in parallel. The two main flow channels are located on the left and right sides of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves, respectively. The two main flow channels located on both sides of the cell pressure relief valve are referred to as the first main flow channel 17 and the second main flow channel 18. The branch flow channel includes an intermediate section corresponding to the corresponding cell pressure relief valve, a first connecting section 19 connecting the intermediate section and one of the main flow channels, and a second connecting section 20 connecting the intermediate section and the other main flow channel. The first connecting section 19 and the second connecting section 20 are both inclined channels that are inclined in the left and right direction. Along the guide path of the main flow channel, the first connecting section 19 is located upstream of the second connecting section 20.

[0056] The guide is also provided with a feed channel 15 extending in the left and right direction and a discharge channel 16 extending in the left and right direction. The feed channel 15 is connected to the front end of each main flow channel, and the discharge channel 16 is connected to the rear end of each main flow cylinder. The feed channel is connected to the extinguishing agent inlet through a connecting pipe extending in the front and rear direction, and the discharge channel is connected to the extinguishing agent outlet.

[0057] When a short circuit occurs inside a battery cell, hot gas is discharged from the corresponding cell's pressure relief valve. The cooling extinguishing agent flows through the first main flow channel and the first connecting section, passing through the corresponding cell's pressure relief valve, and then through the second connecting section into the second main flow channel. This carries away the hot gas discharged from the cell's pressure relief valve, achieving directional cooling of the hot cell. Simultaneously, because both the first and second connecting sections are inclined channel structures, the carried-away hot gas will not flow to other undamaged cell pressure relief valves during its transport along the second main flow channel, ensuring that other cell pressure relief valves are not damaged. The design of the flow guide allows for effective cooling of the hot cell using a small amount of cooling extinguishing agent, while also preventing other cells from being affected by the hot gas.

[0058] Battery implementation, for example Figures 1-9 As shown: The structure of the battery is the same as that of the batteries described in the above vehicle embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0059] Battery pack implementation, for example Figures 1-9 As shown: The structure of the battery pack is the same as that of the battery packs described in the above vehicle embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] In the foregoing description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "fixed," "installed," "connected," or "joined" should be interpreted broadly. For example, the term "joined" can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or it can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Therefore, unless otherwise expressly limited in this specification, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0061] Based on the above description in this specification, those skilled in the art will also understand that terms used, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "length," "width," "thickness," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "clockwise," or "counterclockwise," are terms indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not imply that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or positional relationship terms should not be understood or interpreted as limitations on the present invention.

[0062] Furthermore, the terms "first" or "second," etc., used in this specification to refer to numbers or ordinal numbers are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating, explicitly or implicitly, relative importance or specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this specification, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising a battery pack housing, wherein a plurality of battery cells are disposed within the battery pack housing, each battery cell comprising a battery cell housing and a battery cell pressure relief valve disposed at the upper end of the battery cell housing, the battery cell pressure relief valves being arranged to form a plurality of sets of battery cell pressure relief valves spaced apart in a left-right direction, each set of battery cell pressure relief valves comprising a plurality of said battery cell pressure relief valves spaced apart in a front-back direction, characterized in that: A flow guide is provided between the battery cell and the battery pack housing. The flow guide is provided with a main flow channel corresponding to the pressure relief valve of each group of battery cells. Multiple branch flow channels are connected to the main flow channel. Each branch flow channel on the same main flow channel is connected to the pressure relief valve of each battery cell in the same group of battery cells. Each battery cell pressure relief valve is located in the corresponding branch flow channel. The main flow channels are connected in series or in parallel. The battery pack housing is provided with a fire extinguishing agent inlet and a fire extinguishing agent outlet connected to the corresponding main flow channel.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed valve is installed at the extinguishing agent inlet, and a discharge valve is installed at the extinguishing agent outlet, which is linked to the feed valve to open or close simultaneously.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to a main flow channel, which is located on the left or right side of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves. The main flow channels are connected in series.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each branch flow channel is an inclined channel set at an angle to the left and right. The inlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the cell pressure relief valve, and the outlet of the branch flow channel is connected to the main flow channel. Along the guiding path of the main flow channel, the inlet of the branch flow channel is located upstream of the outlet of the branch flow channel.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of cell pressure relief valves corresponds to two main flow channels. The two main flow channels are located on the left and right sides of the corresponding set of cell pressure relief valves, respectively. The branch flow channel includes a middle section corresponding to the corresponding cell pressure relief valve, a first connecting section connecting the middle section to one of the main flow channels, and a second connecting section connecting the middle section to the other main flow channel. The first connecting section and the second connecting section are both inclined channels that are inclined in the left and right direction. Along the guide path of the main flow channel, the first connecting section is located upstream of the second connecting section.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide is also equipped with a feed channel extending in the left and right direction and a discharge channel extending in the left and right direction. The feed channel is connected to the front end of each main flow channel, the discharge channel is connected to the rear end of each main flow cylinder, the feed channel is connected to the extinguishing agent inlet, and the discharge channel is connected to the extinguishing agent outlet.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each main flow channel and each branch flow channel is enclosed by its corresponding flow guide plate.

8. A battery, characterized in that: The battery pack includes any one of claims 1 to 7, and further includes a fire extinguishing agent storage tank connected to the fire extinguishing agent inlet and a waste collection tank connected to the fire extinguishing agent outlet.

9. A vehicle, including a frame, characterized in that, The vehicle frame is equipped with the battery as described in claim 8.

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