A switching power supply circuit arrangement

Abstract

This invention provides a switching power supply circuit device, including an AC input module, a power conversion module, an interface detection and control module, and a load connection module. The AC input module is connected to the power conversion module for inputting AC power. The power conversion module is connected to both the interface detection and control module and the load connection module, for converting AC power to DC power and outputting it. The interface detection and control module is connected to the load connection module for detecting device connection and controlling the operating status of the power conversion module. This invention solves the technical problems of high standby power consumption and low convenience in existing switching power supplies due to their inability to effectively detect device connection and poor load adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of integrated circuit technology, and more specifically to a switching power supply circuit device. Background Technology

[0002] In today's era of widespread electronic device use, switching power supplies, as indispensable power supply devices for various electronic devices, have attracted much attention regarding their performance and energy consumption. Traditional switching power supply circuits have several drawbacks in practical applications. On the one hand, most traditional switching power supplies lack effective device access detection mechanisms. Even when no device is connected and the device is in standby mode, the power conversion module continues to consume energy, failing to achieve near-zero standby power consumption and resulting in significant energy waste, which is inconsistent with the current trend of energy conservation and environmental protection. For example, some chargers maintain a high standby power even after the charging device is removed, accumulating considerable power consumption over time. On the other hand, traditional switching power supplies have poor load adaptability, often only adapting to specific types of loads, such as resistive or capacitive loads, making it difficult to meet the power supply needs of diverse electronic devices. This greatly limits the application range of switching power supplies. When encountering devices with different types of loads, users may need to equip themselves with multiple different switching power supplies, causing significant inconvenience. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a switching power supply circuit device. Its purpose is to solve the technical problems of high standby power consumption and low convenience caused by the inability of the switching power supply to effectively detect device access and poor load adaptability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A switching power supply circuit device includes an AC input module, a power conversion module, an interface detection and control module, and a load connection module. The AC input module is connected to the power conversion module for inputting AC power. The power conversion module is connected to both the interface detection and control module and the load connection module for converting AC power into DC power and outputting it. The interface detection and control module is connected to the load connection module for detecting device connection and controlling the operating status of the power conversion module.

[0006] In one embodiment, the load connection module includes a connection interface, the power pin of the connection interface is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion module, and the signal pin of the connection interface is connected to the interface detection and the control module.

[0007] In one embodiment, the interface detection and control module includes an optocoupler, a detection control chip, and a detection circuit; the input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the power conversion module, and the output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the detection control chip; the detection control chip is connected to the connection interface through the detection circuit; the detection circuit includes a charging end detection branch and a mobile phone end detection branch.

[0008] In one embodiment, the detection control chip is also used to output charging terminal control signals and mobile phone terminal control signals;

[0009] The charging terminal detection branch includes a charging terminal switch, a pull-up current source, and a first detection comparator. The source of the charging terminal switch is connected to the power supply voltage, the gate of the charging terminal switch is connected to the charging terminal control signal output by the detection control chip, and the drain of the charging terminal switch is connected to the source of the pull-up current source. The output of the pull-up current source is connected to the connection interface. The inverting input of the first detection comparator is connected to the connection interface, the non-inverting input of the first detection comparator is connected to the reference voltage, and the output of the first detection comparator is used to output a charging terminal detection signal to the detection control chip.

[0010] The mobile phone detection branch includes a mobile phone switching transistor, a pull-down resistor, and a second detection comparator. The source of the mobile phone switching transistor is grounded, the gate of the mobile phone switching transistor is connected to the mobile phone control signal output by the detection control chip, and the drain of the mobile phone switching transistor is connected to one end of the pull-down resistor. The other end of the pull-down resistor is connected to the connection interface. The non-inverting input of the second detection comparator is connected to the connection interface, the inverting input of the second detection comparator is connected to a reference voltage, and the output of the second detection comparator is used to output the mobile phone detection signal to the detection control chip.

[0011] In one embodiment, the AC input module includes a first fuse, a first thermistor, a first common-mode inductor, a first bridge rectifier circuit, and a second bridge rectifier circuit connected in sequence; one end of the first fuse is connected to the AC power live wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor; one end of the first thermistor is connected to the AC power neutral wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor; the output terminal of the first common-mode inductor is connected to the AC input terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the power conversion module includes a filter circuit, an energy storage circuit, a transformer, a power control chip, a switch control module, and a synchronous rectification circuit; the input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the DC output terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit; the output terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the energy storage circuit, and the energy storage circuit is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer; the other end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the power control chip; the power control chip is connected to the switch control module, and the switch control module is used to control the switching on and off of the primary side of the transformer; the synchronous rectification circuit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer.

[0013] In one embodiment, the filter circuit includes a first inductor, a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a second resistor; one end of the first inductor is connected to the positive DC output terminal of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the first resistor and the first capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor; the negative terminals of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected together and then connected to the negative DC output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit through the second resistor.

[0014] In one embodiment, the energy storage circuit includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a first diode; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the primary winding of the transformer; one end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode in sequence through the third resistor, the fourth resistor, and the fifth resistor, and the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the negative output terminal of the filter circuit.

[0015] In one embodiment, the switch control module includes a first switch transistor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor; one end of the first switch transistor is connected to the other end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the power control chip; the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor are connected in parallel across the connection line between the first switch transistor and the power control chip; the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, and the eighth resistor are connected between the first switch transistor and the power control chip.

[0016] In one embodiment, the synchronous rectification circuit includes a second switch, a third switch, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, and a ninth capacitor; one end of the second switch is connected to one end of the secondary winding of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the third switch through the ninth resistor; the other end of the third switch is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion module; the seventh capacitor and the eighth capacitor are connected in parallel across the secondary winding of the transformer; the tenth resistor and the eleventh resistor are connected in series on the connection line between the second switch and the third switch, and the ninth capacitor is connected in parallel across the eleventh resistor.

[0017] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: AC power is input through the AC input module, converted into DC power by the power conversion module, and output to the load connection module. During this process, the interface detection and control module can detect whether a device is connected. When a device is detected, the power conversion module is controlled to operate normally, stably outputting DC power to supply the device. When no device is detected, the power conversion module is controlled to enter a low-power state, achieving near-zero standby power consumption, greatly reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, this device is compatible with various types of load connection modules, including resistive, capacitive, and inductive modules, making it widely applicable to different devices and effectively expanding the application range of switching power supplies. While saving energy and protecting the environment, it also enhances the user experience.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the following are preferred embodiments, which are described in detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A module block diagram of a switching power supply circuit device provided by this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a switching power supply circuit device provided by this utility model.

[0021] Figure Labels

[0022] 1. AC input module; 2. Power conversion module; 3. Interface detection and control module; 4. Load connection module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0026] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0027] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 2 As shown in the figure, this utility model discloses a switching power supply circuit device, including an AC input module 1, a power conversion module 2, an interface detection and control module 3, and a load connection module 4; the AC input module 1 is connected to the power conversion module 2 and is used to input AC power; the power conversion module 2 is connected to the interface detection and control module 3 and the load connection module 4 respectively, and is used to convert AC power into DC power and output it; the interface detection and control module 3 is connected to the load connection module 4 and is used to detect the device connection and control the working status of the power conversion module 2.

[0029] Specifically, the switching power supply circuit device in this embodiment mainly consists of an AC input module 1, a power conversion module 2, an interface detection and control module 3, and a load connection module 4, in order to build a complete power supply and control system. The AC input module 1 is responsible for connecting AC power, the power conversion module 2 converts AC power into DC power, the interface detection and control module 3 monitors the device connection status and controls the working status of the power conversion module 2, and the load connection module 4 provides a connection interface for external devices.

[0030] Understandably, taking a mobile phone charging scenario as an example, when the charger is plugged into a power outlet, the AC input module 1 introduces 220V AC power, which is then transmitted to the power conversion module 2. The power conversion module 2 converts the AC power into DC power suitable for mobile phone charging and outputs it to the load connection module 4. The interface detection and control module 3 monitors the load connection module 4 in real time. If a mobile phone is detected, such as when it is plugged into a Type-C interface, the module 3 controls the power conversion module 2 to operate normally and stably output the DC power required for charging. If no device is detected, the interface detection and control module 3 controls the power conversion module 2 to enter a low-power standby state.

[0031] The switching power supply circuit in this embodiment achieves efficient power conversion and intelligent power management, effectively reducing standby power consumption and avoiding energy waste. Simultaneously, it can stably output DC power to ensure the normal operation of external devices. It is understood that in specific implementations, the AC input module 1 can use a standard AC power socket interface and be equipped with appropriate overvoltage and overcurrent protection components based on actual needs; no specific limitations are made in this embodiment. The load connection module 4 can be selected based on the interface types of common devices; in this embodiment, a Type-C interface is preferably chosen to improve versatility.

[0032] In one embodiment, the load connection module 4 includes a connection interface, the power pin of which is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion module 2, and the signal pin of which is connected to the interface detection and the control module.

[0033] Specifically, the core of the load connection module 4 is the connection interface. The power pin of the connection interface is connected to the output of the power conversion module 2, and the signal pin is connected to the interface detection and control module 3, providing a standard interface for power transmission and device access detection signal transmission. When an external device is connected to the connection interface, the DC power output by the power conversion module 2 supplies power to the device through the power pin of the connection interface. At the same time, the interface detection and control module 3 obtains device access information through the signal pin of the connection interface to determine whether the device is connected and its type, in order to control the working status of the power conversion module 2.

[0034] Furthermore, taking mobile phone charging as an example, when a mobile phone is connected to the device through a connection interface (such as a Type-C interface), the power pin delivers the DC power output from the power conversion module 2 to the mobile phone to charge it. The interface detection and control module 3 detects the mobile phone connection through the signal pin, and then controls the power conversion module 2 to adjust the output voltage and current to meet the charging needs of the mobile phone. If the mobile phone is unplugged, the signal pin detects the removal of the device, and the interface detection and control module 3 controls the power conversion module 2 to enter standby mode.

[0035] This embodiment enables the device to be easily connected to various devices, improving the compatibility and applicability of the power supply. In actual implementation, the connection interface uses a universal Type-C interface, which supports reversible insertion, high power transmission, and stable signal transmission.

[0036] In one embodiment, the interface detection and control module 3 includes an optocoupler, a detection control chip, and a detection circuit; the input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the power conversion module 2, and the output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the detection control chip; the detection control chip is connected to the connection interface through the detection circuit; the detection circuit includes a charging end detection branch and a mobile phone end detection branch.

[0037] Specifically, the interface detection and control module 3 includes an optocoupler OP1A, a detection control chip U2, and a detection circuit. The optocoupler OP1A provides electrical isolation, protecting the detection control chip U2 from the high voltage of the power conversion module 2. Simultaneously, the detection circuit monitors the status of the connection interface and transmits signals to the detection control chip U2. The detection control chip U2 then controls the operating state of the power conversion module 2 based on these signals. The input terminal of the optocoupler OP1A is connected to the power conversion module 2, and the output terminal is connected to the detection control chip U2, transmitting the signals from the power conversion module 2 in optical signal form to avoid interference from the high voltage to the detection control chip U2. The detection circuit connects the detection control chip U2 and the connection interface to detect changes in the status of the connection interface.

[0038] Furthermore, during operation, when a device is connected to the connection interface, the detection circuit detects the level change of the connection interface signal pin and transmits the changed signal to the detection control chip U2. Upon receiving the signal, the detection control chip U2 determines the device connection status according to a preset program and algorithm, and sends corresponding control signals to the power conversion module 2. When a mobile phone is detected connected, the detection control chip U2 controls the power conversion module 2 to output a voltage and current suitable for charging the mobile phone; when a device is detected disconnected, the detection control chip U2 controls the power conversion module 2 to enter a low-power standby state. This improves the safety and stability of the circuit and avoids the influence of external interference on the detection control chip U2. In specific implementations, appropriate optocouplers OP1A, detection control chips U2, and detection circuit components are selected based on detection sensitivity and anti-interference requirements. For applications requiring high detection sensitivity, optocouplers and detection circuit components with fast response speed and high accuracy can be selected; for environments with high anti-interference requirements, optocouplers and detection control chips U2 with good isolation performance and anti-interference capabilities are selected, and the detection circuit is reasonably wired and shielded to reduce the influence of external interference on the detection signal. No specific limitations are made in this embodiment.

[0039] In one embodiment, the detection control chip is also used to output charging terminal control signals and mobile phone terminal control signals;

[0040] The charging terminal detection branch includes a charging terminal switch, a pull-up current source, and a first detection comparator. The source of the charging terminal switch is connected to the power supply voltage, the gate of the charging terminal switch is connected to the charging terminal control signal output by the detection control chip, and the drain of the charging terminal switch is connected to the source of the pull-up current source. The output of the pull-up current source is connected to the connection interface. The inverting input of the first detection comparator is connected to the connection interface, the non-inverting input of the first detection comparator is connected to the reference voltage, and the output of the first detection comparator is used to output a charging terminal detection signal to the detection control chip.

[0041] The mobile phone detection branch includes a mobile phone switching transistor, a pull-down resistor, and a second detection comparator. The source of the mobile phone switching transistor is grounded, the gate of the mobile phone switching transistor is connected to the mobile phone control signal output by the detection control chip, and the drain of the mobile phone switching transistor is connected to one end of the pull-down resistor. The other end of the pull-down resistor is connected to the connection interface. The non-inverting input of the second detection comparator is connected to the connection interface, the inverting input of the second detection comparator is connected to a reference voltage, and the output of the second detection comparator is used to output the mobile phone detection signal to the detection control chip.

[0042] Specifically, the detection control chip U2 plays a key control role in the entire circuit, outputting the charging end control signal EN_Rp and the mobile phone end control signal EN_Rd, which respectively control the operation of the charging end detection branch and the mobile phone end detection branch.

[0043] The charging terminal detection branch consists of a charging terminal switch Q21, a pull-up current source Irp, and a first detection comparator PA. In this embodiment, the charging terminal switch Q21 is a P-type switch. The source of the P-type switch Q21 is connected to the power supply voltage VDD, the gate is connected to the charging terminal control signal EN_Rp output by the detection control chip U2, and the drain is connected to the source of the pull-up current source Irp. The output of the pull-up current source Irp is connected to the CC pin of the connection interface. The inverting input of the first detection comparator PA is connected to the CC pin, the non-inverting input is connected to the reference voltage VREF, and the output output is the charging terminal detection signal CC_DET_PA to the detection control chip U2. By controlling the on / off state of the P-type switch Q21, the pull-up current source Irp and the first detection comparator PA detect changes in the connection interface level to determine if a device such as a mobile phone is connected. When the charging terminal control signal EN_Rp turns on the P-type switch Q21, the pull-up current source Irp pulls the level of the CC pin high. If no mobile phone is connected, the level of the CC pin is higher than the reference voltage VREF, and the first detection comparator PA outputs a low-level charging terminal detection signal CC_DET_PA; if a mobile phone is connected, the pull-down resistor Rd at the mobile phone end will cause the level of the CC pin to be lower than the reference voltage VREF, and the first detection comparator PA outputs a high-level charging terminal detection signal CC_DET_PA.

[0044] The mobile phone detection branch consists of a mobile phone switch Q22, a pull-down resistor Rd, and a second detection comparator DA. In this embodiment, the mobile phone switch Q22 is an N-type switch. The source of the N-type switch Q22 is grounded, its gate is connected to the mobile phone control signal EN_Rd output by the detection control chip U2, and its drain is connected to one end of the pull-down resistor Rd. The other end of the pull-down resistor Rd is connected to the CC pin of the connection interface. The non-inverting input of the second detection comparator DA is connected to the CC pin, its inverting input is connected to the reference voltage VREF, and its output is the mobile phone detection signal CC_DET_DA, which is sent to the detection control chip U2. By controlling the on / off state of the N-type switch Q22, and using the pull-down resistor Rd and the second detection comparator DA to detect changes in the connection interface level, the system determines whether a charging device is connected. When the mobile phone control signal EN_Rd turns on the N-type switch Q22, if no charging device is connected, the level of the CC pin is pulled low by the pull-down resistor Rd, which is lower than the reference voltage VREF. The second detection comparator DA outputs a low-level mobile phone detection signal CC_DET_DA. If a charging device is connected, the pull-up current source Irp on the charging device side will make the level of the CC pin higher than the reference voltage VREF. The second detection comparator DA outputs a high-level mobile phone detection signal CC_DET_DA.

[0045] In other words, the detection control chip U2 accurately determines the device's connection status based on the charging terminal detection signal CC_DET_PA and the mobile phone terminal detection signal CC_DET_DA, thereby controlling the operating state of the power conversion module 2. This achieves precise detection of device connection and intelligent power control. In specific implementation, appropriate parameters are selected based on the circuit's voltage, current requirements, and detection accuracy requirements, including the P-type switch Q21, the N-type switch Q22, the pull-up current source Irp, the pull-down resistor Rd, and the first and second detection comparators PA and DA. Simultaneously, the detection control chip U2 is programmed to accurately identify and process the detection signals, controlling the operation of the power conversion module 2.

[0046] In one embodiment, the AC input module 1 includes a first fuse, a first thermistor, a first common-mode inductor, a first bridge rectifier circuit, and a second bridge rectifier circuit connected in sequence; one end of the first fuse is connected to the AC power live wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor; one end of the first thermistor is connected to the AC power neutral wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor; the output terminal of the first common-mode inductor is connected to the AC input terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit.

[0047] Specifically, the AC input module 1 includes a first fuse F1, a first thermistor RT1, a first common-mode inductor LF1, a first bridge rectifier circuit BD1, and a second bridge rectifier circuit BD2 connected in sequence. One end of the first fuse F1 is connected to the AC power supply live wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor LF1; one end of the first thermistor RT1 is connected to the AC power supply neutral wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor LF1; the output terminal of the first common-mode inductor LF1 is connected to the AC input terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit BD1 and the second bridge rectifier circuit BD2. The AC input module 1 performs preliminary processing on the input AC power to ensure that the current entering the subsequent circuits is safe, stable, and has minimal interference. Furthermore, when 220V, 50Hz AC mains power is connected to the AC input module 1, the current first passes through the first fuse F1. If the current exceeds its rated current, the fuse blows, cutting off the circuit and protecting other components. The current then passes through the first thermistor RT1. Within the normal operating temperature range, its resistance is low and has little impact on the current; however, when the temperature is too high, the resistance increases, limiting the current. The current then enters the first common-mode inductor LF1, which presents high impedance to common-mode interference, effectively filtering it out. Finally, after rectification by the first bridge rectifier circuit BD1 and the second bridge rectifier circuit BD2, the AC power is converted into DC power for output.

[0048] In one embodiment, the power conversion module 2 includes a filter circuit, an energy storage circuit, a transformer, a power control chip, a switch control module, and a synchronous rectification circuit; the input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the DC output terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit; the output terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the energy storage circuit, and the energy storage circuit is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer; the other end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the power control chip; the power control chip is connected to the switch control module, and the switch control module is used to control the switching on and off of the primary side of the transformer; the synchronous rectification circuit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer.

[0049] Specifically, the power conversion module 2 includes a filter circuit, an energy storage circuit, a transformer T1, a power control chip U1, a switch control module, and a synchronous rectification circuit. The input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the DC output terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit BD1 and the second bridge rectifier circuit BD2; the output terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the energy storage circuit, which is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer T1; the other end of the primary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to the power control chip U1; the power control chip U1 is connected to the switch control module, which is used to control the on / off state of the primary side of the transformer T1; and the synchronous rectification circuit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer T1.

[0050] The rectified DC power is further processed by power conversion module 2 to achieve efficient and stable voltage conversion and output. During operation, the rectified DC power first enters the filter circuit. The filter circuit filters the DC power, removing noise and ripple. Then, the smoother DC power enters the energy storage circuit to store energy. Next, current flows into transformer T1, and voltage conversion is achieved according to the transformer's turns ratio. Power control chip U1 controls the on and off times of the switching transistors in the switching control module based on feedback signals from the circuit, thereby adjusting the current and voltage on the primary side of transformer T1. The synchronous rectification circuit on the secondary side of transformer T1 utilizes the low on-resistance characteristics of the switching transistors to improve the power conversion efficiency.

[0051] In one embodiment, the filter circuit includes a first inductor, a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a second resistor; one end of the first inductor is connected to the positive DC output terminal of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the first resistor and the first capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor; the negative terminals of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected together and then connected to the negative DC output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit through the second resistor.

[0052] Specifically, the filter circuit includes a first inductor L1, a first resistor R1, a first capacitor EC1, a second capacitor EC2, and a second resistor R6. One end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the positive DC output terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit BD1 and the second bridge rectifier circuit BD2, and the other end is connected to the positive terminals of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor EC1. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor EC2. The negative terminals of the first capacitor EC1 and the second capacitor EC2 are connected together and then connected to the negative DC output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit through the second resistor R6. Based on the basic electrical characteristics of inductors, capacitors, and resistors, when the rectified DC current enters the filter circuit, it first passes through the first inductor L1. The first inductor L1 presents a high impedance to the high-frequency components of the current, hindering their passage and initially filtering out high-frequency noise. Next, the current passes through the first resistor R1, the first capacitor EC1, and the second capacitor EC2. The first capacitor EC1 and the second capacitor EC2 are connected in parallel in the circuit. They store electrical energy when the voltage rises and release electrical energy when the voltage drops, making the output voltage smoother through continuous charging and discharging. Finally, the current returns to the negative terminal of the DC output through the second resistor R6. The second resistor R6 not only limits the current but also provides a discharge path for the capacitor, ensuring that the capacitor can safely discharge after the power is turned off.

[0053] In one embodiment, the energy storage circuit includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a first diode; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the primary winding of the transformer; one end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode in sequence through the third resistor, the fourth resistor, and the fifth resistor, and the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the negative output terminal of the filter circuit.

[0054] Specifically, the energy storage circuit includes a third capacitor CY1, a fourth capacitor C2, a third resistor R21, a fourth resistor R7, a fifth resistor R4, and a first diode D1. One end of the third capacitor CY1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the primary winding of transformer T1. One end of the fourth capacitor C2 is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode D1 through the third resistor R21, the fourth resistor R7, and the fifth resistor R4 in sequence. The negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the negative output terminal of the filter circuit. Utilizing the energy storage characteristics of capacitors and the circuit control characteristics of resistors and diodes, the storage and stable release of electrical energy are achieved, providing a stable input to transformer T1. During operation, the filtered DC power charges the third capacitor CY1 and the fourth capacitor C2. When the circuit is in a stable operating state, the capacitors continuously charge, storing electrical energy. When the load suddenly increases or the power input fluctuates, the capacitors release the stored electrical energy, providing additional energy support to transformer T1 and ensuring that transformer T1 can operate stably. For example, at the moment of startup of the switching power supply, the current demand is relatively large because the load is not yet stable. At this time, the capacitor in the energy storage circuit releases electrical energy to provide sufficient starting energy for the transformer T1. During charging, the third resistor R21, the fourth resistor R7, and the fifth resistor R4 limit the charging current to prevent excessive charging current from damaging the capacitor; during discharging, they also play a current-limiting role, controlling the discharge rate of the capacitor. The first diode D1 prevents current from flowing back to the power input terminal when the capacitor is discharging, ensuring the normal operation of the circuit.

[0055] In one embodiment, the switch control module includes a first switch transistor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor; one end of the first switch transistor is connected to the other end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the power control chip; the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor are connected in parallel across the connection line between the first switch transistor and the power control chip; the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, and the eighth resistor are connected between the first switch transistor and the power control chip.

[0056] Specifically, the switch control module includes a first switch Q1, a fifth capacitor C11, a sixth capacitor C10, a sixth resistor R20, a seventh resistor R9, and an eighth resistor R10. One end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the other end of the primary winding of transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the power control chip U1. The fifth capacitor C11 and the sixth capacitor C10 are connected in parallel across the connection line between the first switch Q1 and the power control chip U1. The sixth resistor R20, the seventh resistor R9, and the eighth resistor R10 are connected between the first switch Q1 and the power control chip U1. By controlling the conduction and cutoff of the first switch Q1, the current on the primary side of transformer T1 is controlled, thereby adjusting the output power and voltage of the power supply. During operation, the power control chip U1 controls the conduction time and frequency of the first switch Q1 based on feedback signals from the circuit, such as output voltage and current detection signals. When the output voltage is too low, the power control chip U1 increases the on-time of the first switching transistor Q1, increasing the current on the primary side of the transformer T1 and thus raising the output voltage. Conversely, when the output voltage is too high, it decreases the on-time of the first switching transistor Q1. The fifth capacitor C11 and the sixth capacitor C10 smooth the voltage during the on and off moments of the first switching transistor Q1, preventing voltage spikes from damaging the circuit. The sixth resistor R20, the seventh resistor R9, and the eighth resistor R10 transmit the control signal from the power control chip U1 to the first switching transistor Q1, and adjust and current-limit the signal appropriately.

[0057] In one embodiment, the synchronous rectification circuit includes a second switch, a third switch, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, and a ninth capacitor; one end of the second switch is connected to one end of the secondary winding of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the third switch through the ninth resistor; the other end of the third switch is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion module 2; the seventh capacitor and the eighth capacitor are connected in parallel across the secondary winding of the transformer; the tenth resistor and the eleventh resistor are connected in series on the connection line between the second switch and the third switch, and the ninth capacitor is connected in parallel across the eleventh resistor.

[0058] Specifically, the synchronous rectification circuit includes a second switch Q51, a third switch Q52, a seventh capacitor EC51, an eighth capacitor EC52, a ninth resistor R57, a tenth resistor R53, an eleventh resistor R54, and a ninth capacitor CB. One end of the second switch Q51 is connected to one end of the secondary winding of transformer T1, and the other end is connected to the third switch Q52 through the ninth resistor R57; the other end of the third switch Q52 is connected to the output terminal of power conversion module 2; the seventh capacitor EC51 and the eighth capacitor EC52 are connected in parallel across the secondary winding of transformer T1; the tenth resistor R53 and the eleventh resistor R54 are connected in series on the connection line between the second switch Q51 and the third switch Q52, and the ninth capacitor CB is connected in parallel across the eleventh resistor R54. Utilizing the low on-resistance characteristics of the switches, the power conversion efficiency is improved and energy consumption is reduced.

[0059] Understandably, traditional rectification methods use diodes, which have high forward voltages and result in significant power losses. Synchronous rectification circuits, however, use switching transistors instead of diodes, achieving efficient rectification by controlling the switching transistors' on / off states. During operation, the AC output from the secondary winding of transformer T1 is rectified by the second switching transistor Q51 and the third switching transistor Q52. When the output voltage of the secondary winding of transformer T1 is in the positive half-cycle, the second switching transistor Q51 is on, and the third switching transistor Q52 is off, with current flowing through the second switching transistor Q51, the seventh capacitor EC51, and the load. When the output voltage is in the negative half-cycle, the third switching transistor Q52 is on, and the second switching transistor Q51 is off, with current flowing through the third switching transistor Q52, the eighth capacitor EC52, and the load. During this process, the seventh capacitor EC51, the eighth capacitor EC52, and the ninth capacitor CB continuously charge and discharge, smoothing the output voltage and reducing ripple. The ninth resistor R57, the tenth resistor R53, and the eleventh resistor R54 limit the conduction current of the switching transistor, protecting the switching transistor, and also participate in the voltage division and signal transmission of the circuit.

[0060] In summary, the operation of a switching power supply circuit device according to this embodiment is as follows:

[0061] First, AC input module 1 is connected to AC power. The first fuse F1, the first thermistor RT1, the first common mode inductor LF1, the first bridge rectifier circuit BD1 and the second bridge rectifier circuit BD2 work together in sequence to perform preliminary processing of AC power and convert it into DC power before inputting it into power conversion module 2.

[0062] Within the power conversion module 2, the filter circuit filters out noise through the first inductor L1, the first resistor R1, the first capacitor EC1, the second capacitor EC2, and the second resistor R6. The energy storage circuit stores electrical energy using components such as the third capacitor CY1 and the fourth capacitor C2. The transformer T1 achieves voltage conversion under the regulation of the power control chip U1 and the switch control module. The synchronous rectification circuit improves the conversion efficiency with the help of the second switch Q51 and the third switch Q52, and finally outputs DC power to the load connection module 4.

[0063] In this process, the optocoupler OP1A isolated power conversion module 2 and the control chip in the interface detection and control module 3, as well as the charging end detection branch and the mobile phone end detection branch in the detection circuit, respectively determine the device access status by detecting the change in the CC pin level of the connection interface, and transmit the signal to the control chip. The control chip outputs a control signal accordingly to control the working state of the power conversion module 2, thereby realizing the stable operation of the entire device and intelligent response to device access.

[0064] The above examples are merely illustrative of the technical content of this utility model to facilitate reader understanding, but do not imply that the implementation of this utility model is limited to these embodiments. Any technical extensions or re-creations made based on this utility model are protected by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A switching power supply circuit device, characterized in that, It includes an AC input module, a power conversion module, an interface detection and control module, and a load connection module; the AC input module is connected to the power conversion module and is used to input AC power; the power conversion module is connected to both the interface detection and control module and the load connection module and is used to convert AC power into DC power and output it; the interface detection and control module is connected to the load connection module and is used to detect device access and control the working status of the power conversion module.

2. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load connection module includes a connection interface, the power pin of which is connected to the output of the power conversion module, and the signal pin of which is connected to the interface detection and the control module.

3. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interface detection and control module includes an optocoupler, a detection control chip, and a detection circuit; the input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the power conversion module, and the output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the detection control chip; the detection control chip is connected to the connection interface through the detection circuit; the detection circuit includes a charging end detection branch and a mobile phone end detection branch.

4. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection and control chip is also used to output charging terminal control signals and mobile phone terminal control signals; The charging terminal detection branch includes a charging terminal switch, a pull-up current source, and a first detection comparator. The source of the charging terminal switch is connected to the power supply voltage, the gate of the charging terminal switch is connected to the charging terminal control signal output by the detection control chip, and the drain of the charging terminal switch is connected to the source of the pull-up current source. The output of the pull-up current source is connected to the connection interface. The inverting input of the first detection comparator is connected to the connection interface, the non-inverting input of the first detection comparator is connected to the reference voltage, and the output of the first detection comparator is used to output a charging terminal detection signal to the detection control chip. The mobile phone detection branch includes a mobile phone switching transistor, a pull-down resistor, and a second detection comparator. The source of the mobile phone switching transistor is grounded, the gate of the mobile phone switching transistor is connected to the mobile phone control signal output by the detection control chip, and the drain of the mobile phone switching transistor is connected to one end of the pull-down resistor. The other end of the pull-down resistor is connected to the connection interface. The non-inverting input of the second detection comparator is connected to the connection interface, the inverting input of the second detection comparator is connected to a reference voltage, and the output of the second detection comparator is used to output the mobile phone detection signal to the detection control chip.

5. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AC input module includes a first fuse, a first thermistor, a first common-mode inductor, a first bridge rectifier circuit, and a second bridge rectifier circuit connected in sequence; one end of the first fuse is connected to the AC power live wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor; one end of the first thermistor is connected to the AC power neutral wire, and the other end is connected to the first common-mode inductor; the output terminal of the first common-mode inductor is connected to the AC input terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit.

6. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power conversion module includes a filter circuit, an energy storage circuit, a transformer, a power control chip, a switch control module, and a synchronous rectification circuit. The input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the DC output terminals of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit. The output terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the energy storage circuit, which is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer. The other end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the power control chip. The power control chip is connected to the switch control module, which is used to control the switching on and off of the primary side of the transformer. The synchronous rectification circuit is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer.

7. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filter circuit includes a first inductor, a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a second resistor; one end of the first inductor is connected to the positive DC output of the first bridge rectifier circuit and the second bridge rectifier circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the first resistor and the first capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor; the negative terminals of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected together and then connected to the negative DC output of the bridge rectifier circuit through the second resistor.

8. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy storage circuit includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a first diode; one end of the third capacitor is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the primary winding of the transformer; one end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the positive output terminal of the filter circuit, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode in sequence through the third resistor, the fourth resistor, and the fifth resistor, and the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the negative output terminal of the filter circuit.

9. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switch control module includes a first switch transistor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor; one end of the first switch transistor is connected to the other end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the power control chip; the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor are connected in parallel across the connection line between the first switch transistor and the power control chip; the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, and the eighth resistor are connected between the first switch transistor and the power control chip.

10. The switching power supply circuit device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The synchronous rectification circuit includes a second switch, a third switch, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, and a ninth capacitor; one end of the second switch is connected to one end of the secondary winding of the transformer, and the other end is connected to the third switch through the ninth resistor; the other end of the third switch is connected to the output terminal of the power conversion module; the seventh capacitor and the eighth capacitor are connected in parallel across the secondary winding of the transformer; the tenth resistor and the eleventh resistor are connected in series on the connection line between the second switch and the third switch, and the ninth capacitor is connected in parallel across the eleventh resistor.

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