A photovoltaic roof structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation installation technology, and more particularly to a photovoltaic power generation roof structure, including a roof, columns on the roof, inclined beams on the columns, photovoltaic panel guide rails on the inclined beams, multiple photovoltaic panels on the photovoltaic panel guide rails, a first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly between the photovoltaic panels, and a second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly at the edge of the photovoltaic panels. The roof and columns are connected by a concrete layer, a concave chisel surface, a mortar layer, a two-way steel mesh, anchors, silicone structural adhesive, an asphalt layer, and a polyurethane waterproof coating layer. This utility model forms a stable anchoring foundation through the chisel surface, mortar layer, concrete layer, anchors, and silicone structural adhesive, and utilizes the asphalt layer and polyurethane waterproof coating layer to form a composite waterproof structure. This improves the connection strength and wind resistance between the photovoltaic support and the roof, effectively reduces the risk of roof leakage, and enhances the operational stability and service life of the photovoltaic power generation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation installation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation roof structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, photovoltaic panels are usually installed on building roofs using a support structure. The bottom of the support is generally fixed to the roof structure using chemical anchors, expansion bolts, or embedded parts. When the photovoltaic system is exposed to wind loads, rainwater erosion, and diurnal temperature variations for a long time, the support foundation is easily subjected to repeated pull-out forces and vibration loads, which can lead to loosening of the fixed structure and a decrease in connection strength. In severe cases, it may even cause the photovoltaic panels to be blown away by strong winds, affecting the safe operation of the system.

[0003] In addition, during the existing rooftop photovoltaic installation process, in order to ensure the connection strength between the bracket and the roof, it is usually necessary to drill holes in the roof to install anchors. However, the drilling location can easily damage the original waterproof layer structure, and rainwater can seep into the building through the anchor holes and the bottom of the bracket, thus causing roof leakage problems. Especially in existing building renovation projects, due to the aging of the original roof waterproof layer and uneven strength of the base layer, the traditional anchoring installation method is difficult to balance connection strength and waterproof performance.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a photovoltaic roof structure that can improve the connection strength between the photovoltaic support and the roof, enhance the wind uplift resistance, and effectively reduce the risk of roof leakage has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above problems, this utility model proposes a photovoltaic power generation roof structure, which solves the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A photovoltaic (PV) roof structure includes a roof, columns on the roof, inclined beams on the columns, PV panel guide rails on the inclined beams, multiple PV panels on the PV panel guide rails, a first PV panel pressure plate assembly between the PV panels, and a second PV panel pressure plate assembly at the edge of the PV panels. A concrete layer is provided between the roof and the columns. A concave chisel surface is provided between the concrete layer and the roof. A mud layer is applied to the chisel surface. A bidirectional steel mesh is provided within the concrete layer. Drill holes are provided in both the concrete layer and the roof. Anchor bolts are provided within the concrete layer for connecting to drill holes at the top of the roof through the drill holes. Silicone structural adhesive is provided between the anchor bolts and the drill holes. An asphalt layer is covered at the bottom of the columns, and a polyurethane waterproof coating layer is applied to the surface of the asphalt layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly includes a central pressure block, a first bolt for passing through the central pressure block and the photovoltaic panel guide rail, and a first plastic wing nut screwed onto the bottom of the first bolt. The central pressure block has T-shaped edges on its left and right sides that fit against the top surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0008] Furthermore, the second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly includes a side pressure block, a second bolt for passing through the side pressure block and the photovoltaic panel guide rail, and a second plastic wing nut screwed onto the bottom of the second bolt. One side of the side pressure block has a horizontal edge that fits against the top surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the T-shaped edge and the horizontal edge is a first serrated groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the photovoltaic panel has a second sawtooth groove on its edge, and a pad is provided between the T-shaped edge, the horizontal edge and the photovoltaic panel. The pad has protruding teeth on both sides that fit with the first and second sawtooth grooves.

[0011] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: In this photovoltaic roof structure, by setting a concave chisel surface and a slurry layer between the roof and the concrete layer, the bonding area and adhesion strength between the newly poured concrete and the original roof can be increased, reducing the occurrence of hollowing, cracking and delamination in the later stage. By setting a two-way steel mesh inside the concrete layer and using micro-expansion concrete to form the concrete layer, the overall strength of the foundation structure can be improved and the problem of concrete shrinkage cracking can be reduced. Through the cooperation of anchor bolts and silicone structural adhesive, a stable anchoring connection is formed between the anchor bolts and the drilled holes, which not only improves the connection strength between the support and the roof, but also buffers the stress concentration caused by wind load and vibration load, thereby improving the wind uplift resistance and long-term stability of the photovoltaic support.

[0012] Meanwhile, by setting an asphalt layer at the bottom of the column and covering the asphalt layer with a polyurethane waterproof coating, a double waterproof sealing structure is formed in the anchor bolt installation area and the column base. This effectively blocks rainwater from seeping down along the drill holes and column base, solving the problem of leakage caused by drilling easily damaging the original waterproof layer during existing roof photovoltaic installations. It also takes into account the strength of the bracket connection and the waterproof performance of the roof, improving the operational safety and service life of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0013] The first and second photovoltaic panel pressure plates are configured as follows: the first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly is used for fixed connection between adjacent photovoltaic panels, and the second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly is used for fixed connection at the edge of the outer photovoltaic panels. During installation, multiple first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assemblies are distributed between adjacent photovoltaic panels, and the photovoltaic panels on both sides are pressed together by the central pressure block, so that the adjacent photovoltaic panels form an integral arrangement structure. The second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly is set on the periphery of the photovoltaic panel array, and the outermost photovoltaic panel is limited and fixed by the edge pressure block. The first and second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assemblies... When the components work together, they form a continuous pressing structure covering the entire photovoltaic panel array, making the force between each photovoltaic panel more uniform. When wind loads act on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the force can be distributed and transmitted to the photovoltaic panel guide rail and column structure through multiple pressure blocks, thereby reducing the excessive force on a single fixed point and improving the overall wind resistance. At the same time, the middle pressure block and the side pressure block are connected to the photovoltaic panel guide rail with plastic wing nuts, which can achieve quick installation and disassembly without complicated tools. This not only improves construction efficiency, but also facilitates later inspection, replacement of photovoltaic panels and maintenance work. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a partial structural front view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly and the second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly in use according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point A in the diagram.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the diagram.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the pad block structure in use according to this utility model.

[0021] Numbering on the map: 1. Building roof; 2. Columns; 4. Photovoltaic panels; 5. First photovoltaic panel mounting plate assembly; 6. Second photovoltaic panel mounting plate assembly; 7. Concrete layer; 8. Chiseled surface; 9. Mud layer; 10. Two-way steel mesh; 11. Drilling; 12. Anchor bolts; 13. Silicone structural adhesive; 14. Asphalt layer; 15. Polyurethane waterproof coating layer; 16. Spacer blocks; 31. Inclined beam; 32. Photovoltaic panel guide rail; 161. Convex teeth; 401. Second serrated groove; 501. Medium pressure block; 502. First bolt; 503. First plastic wing nut; 504. T-shaped edge; 505. First serrated groove; 601. Side pressure block; 602. Second bolt; 603. Second plastic wing nut; 604. Horizontal edge. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] refer to Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic (PV) roof structure, including a roof 1, columns 2 on the roof 1, inclined beams 31 on the columns 2, PV panel guide rails 32 on the inclined beams 31, multiple PV panels 4 on the PV panel guide rails 32, a first PV panel pressing assembly 5 between the PV panels 4, and a second PV panel pressing assembly 6 at the edge of the PV panels 4. A concrete layer 7 is provided between the roof 1 and the columns 2, and a concave chisel surface 8 is provided between the concrete layer 7 and the roof 1. A slurry layer 9 is brushed onto the chisel surface 8. The concrete layer 7 is provided with a two-way steel mesh 10. Both the concrete layer 7 and the roof 1 are provided with drill holes 11. The concrete layer 7 is provided with anchor bolts 12 for connecting the drill holes 11 inside the concrete layer 7 to the drill holes 11 at the top of the roof 1. Silicone structural adhesive 13 is provided between the anchor bolts 12 and the drill holes 11. The bottom of the column 2 is covered with an asphalt layer 14. The surface of the asphalt layer 14 is covered with a polyurethane waterproof coating layer 15. The concrete layer 7 is 100mm thick C25 micro-expansion plain concrete, and the asphalt layer 14 is hot-melt SBS asphalt waterproof membrane.

[0024] First, a concave chisel surface 8 is chiseled out at the junction of the roof 1 and the concrete layer 7. After cleaning, cement slurry is poured in to form a mud layer 9. Then, a two-way steel mesh 10 is laid, and a formwork is laid around the two-way steel mesh 10. After concrete is poured in and solidifies, a concrete layer 7 is formed. Then, the formwork around the concrete layer 7 is removed, and a hole 11 is drilled in the concrete layer 7. The hole 11 passes through the concrete layer 7 and the two-way steel mesh 10 and reaches the top of the roof 1. Then, silicone structural adhesive 13 is poured into the hole 11, and the anchor bolt 12 is screwed into the hole 11 by rotating it. The adhesive is then used to evenly coat the anchor bolt 12 and fill the hole 11. After the cracks in the hole wall are cured, an asphalt layer 14 is laid on the surface of the concrete layer 7. Then, the asphalt layer 14 covers the bottom of the column 2. Then, the joints between the asphalt layers 14 are flame-melted throughout, and the asphalt overflows to form a sealing edge. After completion, a polyurethane waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the asphalt layer 14. After air drying and solidification, a polyurethane waterproof coating layer 15 is formed. A concave chisel surface 8 is first formed on the top of the roof 1, and a mud layer 9 is applied to the surface of the chisel surface 8. The mud layer 9 can penetrate into the rough pore structure formed by the chisel surface 8, thereby improving the bonding strength between the subsequently poured concrete layer 7 and the original roof and reducing the interface peeling phenomenon.

[0025] Concrete layer 7 is formed by pouring C25 micro-expansion plain concrete. The micro-expansion can compensate for the volume change caused by the hardening shrinkage of concrete, reduce the possibility of cracks between concrete layer 7 and roof 1, and improve the overall structural stability. At the same time, the bidirectional steel mesh 10 is embedded in the concrete layer 7, which can improve the tensile strength, flexural strength and crack resistance of concrete layer 7. Anchor bolts 12 pass through concrete layer 7 and are anchored to the interior of roof 1. Silicone structural adhesive 13 is filled between anchor bolts 12 and drilled holes 11. Silicone structural adhesive 13 can not only fill the gap between anchor bolts 12 and drilled hole 11 and improve the connection strength of anchor bolts 12, but also form a buffer layer to absorb the stress concentration caused by wind load and vibration load, thereby improving the fatigue resistance and pull-out resistance of anchor bolt 12 structure.

[0026] Hot-melt SBS bitumen waterproof membrane is applied to the surface of concrete layer 7 and wraps around the bottom of column 2. Through hot-melt construction, a continuous sealing layer is formed, which can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping down along the drilled holes 11 and the base of column 2. Polyurethane waterproof coating is applied to the surface of SBS bitumen waterproof membrane. It has excellent leveling and adhesion, and can provide secondary sealing for membrane overlaps, the base of column 2, and uneven areas. Thus, together with SBS bitumen waterproof membrane, a composite waterproof layer is formed. Through the synergistic cooperation of mud layer 9, concrete layer 7, anchor bolts 12, silicone structural adhesive 13, bitumen layer 14, and polyurethane waterproof coating layer 15, not only can the overall strength and wind uplift resistance of the photovoltaic support foundation be improved, but the roof waterproofing performance can also be effectively improved, reducing the risk of leakage, loosening, and structural damage during long-term use.

[0027] The first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly 5 includes a central pressure block 501, a first bolt 502 for passing through the central pressure block 501 and the photovoltaic panel guide rail 32, and a first plastic wing nut 503 screwed onto the bottom of the first bolt 502. The central pressure block 501 has T-shaped edges 504 on its left and right sides that are in contact with the top surface of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0028] In use, the intermediate pressure block 501 is inserted between two adjacent photovoltaic panels 4. Then, the bottom surfaces of the T-shaped edges 504 on both sides of the intermediate pressure block 501 are aligned with the photovoltaic panels 4. The first plastic wing nut 503 is then slid into the photovoltaic panel guide rail 32 and placed below the intermediate pressure block 501. The first bolt 502 is then screwed through the intermediate pressure block 501 and the photovoltaic panel guide rail 32 and screwed into the first plastic wing nut 503 for fixation. The bottom surface of the T-shaped edges 504 of the intermediate pressure block 501 presses tightly against the top surface of the photovoltaic panels 4, which can quickly fix two adjacent photovoltaic panels 4. The two photovoltaic panels 4 are fixed by one intermediate pressure block 501, which can reduce the number of connecting parts, improve installation efficiency, and help reduce installation costs.

[0029] The second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly 6 includes a side pressure block 601, a second bolt 602 for passing through the side pressure block 601 and the photovoltaic panel guide rail 32, and a second plastic wing nut 603 screwed onto the bottom of the second bolt 602. The side pressure block 601 has a horizontal edge 604 that is in contact with the top surface of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0030] Place the edge pressure block 601 on the edge of the photovoltaic panel 4 at the outer ring position. Press down the top surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 with the horizontal edge 604 on one side of the edge pressure block 601. Then slide the second plastic wing nut 603 into the photovoltaic panel guide rail 32 and place it under the edge pressure block 601. Then the second bolt 602 passes through the edge pressure block 601 and the photovoltaic panel guide rail 32 and screws it into the second plastic wing nut 603 for fixation. By setting the second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly 6, the outer position of the photovoltaic panel 4 array can be reliably fixed. Together with the first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly 5, it forms a complete fixed combination, thereby improving the overall installation stability of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0031] The bottom surface of the T-shaped edge 504 and the horizontal edge 604 is a first serrated groove 505. The first serrated groove 505 can increase the friction between the T-shaped edge 504 and the horizontal edge 604 and the photovoltaic panel 4, improve the anti-slip ability, and prevent the photovoltaic panel 4 from shifting under wind load and vibration.

[0032] The photovoltaic panel 4 has a serrated second serrated groove 401 on its edge. A pad 16 is provided between the T-shaped edge 504, the horizontal edge 604 and the photovoltaic panel 4. The two sides of the pad 16 have protruding teeth 161 that fit into the first serrated groove 505 and the second serrated groove 401. During installation, the protruding teeth 161 are respectively embedded in the first serrated groove 505 and the second serrated groove 401. Even if the first serrated groove 505 and the second serrated groove 401 cannot be completely aligned due to processing errors, the gap can be compensated by the pad 16, thereby improving the pressing effect and anti-slip ability. At the same time, a mechanical meshing connection is formed, further improving the anti-slip performance, vibration resistance and long-term stability of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0037] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims, and all such changes shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation roof structure, characterized in that, The system includes a roof (1), a column (2) on the roof (1), a sloping beam (31) on the column (2), a photovoltaic panel guide rail (32) on the sloping beam (31), multiple photovoltaic panels (4) on the photovoltaic panel guide rail (32), a first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly (5) between the photovoltaic panels (4), and a second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly (6) at the edge of the photovoltaic panels (4). A concrete layer (7) is provided between the roof (1) and the column (2), and a concave chisel surface (8) is provided between the concrete layer (7) and the roof (1). 8) A mud layer (9) is brushed on. A two-way steel mesh (10) is provided in the concrete layer (7). Drill holes (11) are provided in both the concrete layer (7) and the roof (1). An anchor bolt (12) is provided in the concrete layer (7) to connect the drill hole (11) inside the concrete layer (7) with the drill hole (11) at the top of the roof (1). Silicone structural adhesive (13) is provided between the anchor bolt (12) and the drill hole (11). An asphalt layer (14) is provided at the bottom of the column (2). A polyurethane waterproof coating layer (15) is provided on the surface of the asphalt layer (14).

2. The photovoltaic roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly (5) includes a central pressure block (501), a first bolt (502) for passing through the central pressure block (501) and the photovoltaic panel guide rail (32), and a first plastic wing nut (503) screwed onto the bottom of the first bolt (502). The central pressure block (501) has T-shaped edges (504) on its left and right sides that are in contact with the top surface of the photovoltaic panel (4).

3. A photovoltaic roof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second photovoltaic panel pressure plate assembly (6) includes a side pressure block (601), a second bolt (602) for passing through the side pressure block (601) and the photovoltaic panel guide rail (32), and a second plastic wing nut (603) screwed onto the bottom of the second bolt (602). The side pressure block (601) has a horizontal edge (604) that is in contact with the top surface of the photovoltaic panel (4).

4. A photovoltaic roof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the T-shaped edge (504) and the horizontal edge (604) is the first serrated groove (505).

5. A photovoltaic roof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel (4) has a serrated second serrated groove (401) on its edge. A pad (16) is provided between the T-shaped edge (504), the horizontal edge (604) and the photovoltaic panel (4). The pad (16) has protruding teeth (161) on both sides that fit with the first serrated groove (505) and the second serrated groove (401).

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