A soil-turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology and discloses a soil-turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland. It includes a plow frame, an adjustment mechanism on the outer wall of the plow frame, a suspension column fixedly connected to the outer wall of the plow frame, two depth-limiting wheels fixedly connected to the outer wall of the suspension column, and a telescopic mechanism on the outer wall of the two depth-limiting wheels. The adjustment mechanism includes a first track, the top of the outer wall of the first track fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the plow frame, and a transmission component at the bottom of the first track. In this utility model, the first track is fixed to the bottom of the plow frame, and a gear connected to a motor moves on the toothed rail of the first track. The gear drives the fixed column to move horizontally, and the connecting rod rotates to change the overall length. Simultaneously, other fixed columns on the connecting rod change equidistantly, driving the fixed plate to move. A track and rollers are connected to the bottom of the upper fixed plate to achieve synchronous movement of the upper and lower parts of the fixed plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a soil-turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland. Background Technology

[0002] Topsoil stripping and backfilling is a key project for protecting arable land quality. It involves stripping the topsoil layer, rich in organic matter and nutrients, and properly preserving it to prevent damage during construction and mixing with deep, infertile soil. After the main project is completed, the topsoil is backfilled to the target area to restore the soil's tillage capacity. The soil turning device used in topsoil stripping and backfilling is a specialized piece of equipment for this project. Its core function is to assist in soil turning, loosening, and breaking up. It is powered by tractors and excavators, and its working parts are high-strength toothed claw turning shovels and breaking rollers. During the stripping stage, it can break up the compacted soil layer, facilitating the complete shoveling of soil by subsequent equipment. During the temporary storage period, it can periodically turn over the topsoil pile. During the backfilling stage, it can loosen and level the topsoil, ensuring uniform thickness. The device can also precisely adjust the turning depth to adapt to different soil conditions, improving project efficiency and quality.

[0003] Traditional topsoil stripping and backfilling equipment for farmland uses mechanical transmission as its core power source. It relies on the tractor's power take-off shaft and animal power to drive the rigid soil-turning components. The entire operation revolves around physical impact and mechanical compression. The soil is turned over by prying and diverting the soil after the soil-turning components are inserted into it. If the depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism is not designed to be convenient and precise enough, the operator will spend a lot of time and effort adjusting the soil depth, and it is difficult to ensure the adjustment accuracy, which affects the qualitative quality of tillage.

[0004] Modern farmland topsoil stripping and backfilling construction tillage devices are supported by hydraulic drive and intelligent control as core technologies. Hydraulic components control the soil penetration depth and working angle of the tillage parts, while integrating various sensors to monitor soil moisture and terrain information in real time. This enables more efficient work path design and supports unmanned operation. The overall operation process revolves around precision and intelligence, striving to ensure the uniformity and quality of soil backfilling while completing the tillage operation. However, the reliance on manual disassembly and alignment of the plow to adjust the plow column spacing still results in low efficiency and poor precision, leading to uneven tillage width and affecting subsequent crop growth. Therefore, a farmland topsoil stripping and backfilling tillage device is proposed to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a soil turning device for farmland topsoil stripping and backfilling construction, which aims to improve the existing technology where plows rely on manual disassembly and alignment to adjust the spacing of the plow columns, resulting in low efficiency and poor accuracy, which in turn leads to uneven tillage width and affects the growth of subsequent crops.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a soil turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland, including a plow frame, an adjustment mechanism provided on the outer wall of the plow frame, a suspension column fixedly connected to the outer wall of the plow frame, two depth limiting wheels fixedly connected to the outer wall of the suspension column, and a telescopic mechanism provided on the outer wall of the two depth limiting wheels. The adjustment mechanism includes a first track, the top of the outer wall of the first track is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the plow frame, a transmission component is provided at the bottom of the first track, a plurality of fixed columns are slidably connected to the outer wall of the first track, two connecting rods are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the plurality of fixed columns, a second screw is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of connecting rods, a second nut is threadedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of second screws, and a sliding component is provided at the top of the plow column.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The telescopic mechanism includes two limiting blocks, the outer walls of which are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the depth limiting wheel. The outer walls of the two limiting blocks are slidably connected to a shell. The top of the shell is fixedly connected to a top cover. The bottom of the top cover is fixedly connected to multiple support columns. The outer walls of the multiple support columns are fixedly connected to springs.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The telescopic mechanism also includes a cylinder, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top cover, and a pressure plate is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The transmission assembly includes a toothed rail, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame, and a gear meshing with the outer wall of the toothed rail. A columnar rail is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame, and a plurality of first pulleys are slidably connected to the outer wall of the columnar rail.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The sliding assembly includes a second track, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame. Multiple second pulleys are slidably connected to the outer wall of the second track, and the outer walls of the multiple second pulleys are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer wall of the plow frame is fixedly connected to multiple fixing plates, and the outer walls of the multiple fixing plates are fixedly connected to multiple first screws, and the outer walls of the multiple first screws are threaded with two first nuts.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: Each of the multiple fixed plates has a plow column fixedly connected to its outer wall, and each of the multiple plow columns has a plow blade fixedly connected to its outer wall.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer walls of the multiple plowshares are fixedly connected to plowshares, and the outer walls of the suspension columns are fixedly connected to hydraulic rods.

[0014] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, in order to achieve equidistant changes in the plow column and simultaneously drive the equidistant movement of the soil-turning components, a first track is fixed at the bottom of the plow frame to provide a running place for the telescopic components. The gear connected to the motor moves on the toothed rail of the first track, thereby driving other components to move together. The movement of the gear drives the fixed column connected to it to move horizontally, and the connecting rod rotates to achieve a change in the overall length. At the same time, the other fixed columns on the connecting rod change equidistantly, driving the fixed plate to move. A track and rollers are connected to the bottom of the upper fixed plate to achieve synchronous movement of the upper and lower parts of the fixed plate.

[0015] 2. In this utility model, a limiting block is fixed on the depth limiting wheel to control its upper and lower limits of movement within the outer shell. A cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the top cover to provide the power required for extension and retraction. A pressure plate is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder to provide the power source for the cylinder. At the same time, a support column and a spring are connected at the bottom of the top cover to buffer the energy of excessively rapid extension and retraction. In order to prevent damage to the cylinder, the normal operation of the depth limiting wheel's automatic extension and retraction is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a soil-turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 2 This is a front view of a soil-turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension column of a soil-turning device for farmland topsoil stripping and backfilling construction proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a split view of the adjustment mechanism of a soil-turning device for farmland topsoil stripping and backfilling construction proposed in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component of a soil-turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 6 This is a split view of the telescopic mechanism of a soil-turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland, as proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Legend: 1. Plow frame; 2. Plow column; 3. Plow blade; 4. Plowshare; 5. Fixing plate; 6. First screw; 7. First nut; 8. Adjusting mechanism; 801. First track; 802. Transmission assembly; 8021. Gear; 8022. Toothed rail; 8023. Column rail; 8024. First pulley; 803. Fixing column; 804. Connecting rod; 805. Second screw; 806. Second nut; 807. Sliding assembly; 8071. Second track; 8072. Rotating shaft; 8073. Second pulley; 808. Motor; 9. Telescopic mechanism; 901. Limiting block; 902. Outer shell; 903. Support column; 904. Spring; 905. Cylinder; 906. Pressure plate; 907. Top cover; 10. Suspension column; 11. Depth limiting wheel; 12. Hydraulic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The present invention provides an embodiment of a soil turning device for topsoil stripping and backfilling construction in farmland, comprising a plow frame 1, an adjustment mechanism 8 provided on the outer wall of the plow frame 1, the main function of which is to adjust the spacing of the soil turning components to adapt to different types of farmland, a suspension column 10 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the plow frame 1, the main function of which is to connect agricultural machinery, two depth limiting wheels 11 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the suspension column 10, the main function of which is to control the depth of the plow into the soil, and a telescopic mechanism 9 provided on the outer wall of the two depth limiting wheels 11, the main function of which is to automatically adjust the height of the depth limiting wheels 11; The adjusting mechanism 8 includes a first track 801, the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the plow frame 1. A transmission assembly 802 is located at the bottom of the first track 801. The transmission assembly 802 includes a toothed rail 8022, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame 1. A gear 8021 is meshed with the outer wall of the toothed rail 8022. A columnar rail 8023 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame 1. Multiple first pulleys 8024 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the columnar rail 8023. Multiple fixed posts 803 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the first track 801, their main function being to fix the connecting rods 804. Two connecting rods 804 are rotatably connected to the outer walls of each of the multiple fixed posts 803, their main function being to ensure the equidistant and synchronous changes of the various components. In addition, the outer walls of multiple connecting rods 804 are fixedly connected with second screws 805, whose main function is to cooperate with second nuts 806 to fix the connecting rods 804. The outer walls of multiple second screws 805 are threadedly connected with second nuts 806. The top of the plow frame 1 is provided with a sliding component 807, whose main function is to allow the upper and lower parts of the fixed plate 5 to move synchronously. The sliding component 807 includes a second track 8071, the outer wall of the second track 8071 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame 1, multiple second pulleys 8073 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the second track 8071, and a rotating shaft 8072 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the multiple second pulleys 8073. The outer wall of the fixed column 803 is fixedly connected with a motor 808, whose main function is to provide power to the entire adjustment mechanism 8. Specifically, a motor 808 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower fixed plate 5 to power the entire mechanism. The rotation of the motor 808 drives the gear 8021 to move on the toothed rail 8022. The rotation of the gear 8021 drives the fixed column 803 to move horizontally along the direction of the first rail 801. At the same time, the connecting rod 804 connected to the fixed column 803 is driven to rotate, realizing the change of the overall length. The connecting rod 804 is fixed by the connection of the second screw 805 and the second nut 806. The tops of the multiple fixed columns 803 are rotatably connected to the first pulleys 8024. 8024 achieves horizontal movement through the columnar rail 8023 fixed to the inner wall of the plow frame 1. At the same time, the lower fixed plate 5, which is connected to the bottom of multiple fixed columns 803, also moves horizontally. Moreover, a second rail 8071 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame 1, and a rotating shaft 8072 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper fixed plate 5. The second pulley 8073, which is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 8072, moves along the second rail 8071, thereby driving the upper fixed plate 5 connected to it. This ensures that the upper and lower parts of the fixed plate 5 can move synchronously under the action of the motor 808, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the spacing between the plow columns 2.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6The telescopic mechanism 9 includes two limiting blocks 901, whose main function is to limit the upper and lower limits of the extension and retraction of the depth limiting wheel 11. The outer walls of the two limiting blocks 901 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the depth limiting wheel 11. The outer walls of the two limiting blocks 901 are slidably connected to the outer shell 902. The top of the outer shell 902 is fixedly connected to the top cover 907. The bottom of the top cover 907 is fixedly connected to multiple pillars 903. The outer walls of the multiple pillars 903 are fixedly connected to springs 904, whose main function is to protect the telescopic mechanism 9 and prevent the cylinder 905 from being damaged by too fast extension and retraction. The telescopic mechanism 9 also includes a cylinder 905, whose main function is to control the extension and retraction height of the depth limiting wheel 11. The outer wall of the cylinder 905 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top cover 907. The top of the cylinder 905 is fixedly connected to a pressure plate 906. Specifically, a housing 902 is fixed to the outer wall of the depth limiting wheel 11 to fix the telescopic component. Two limit blocks 901 are fixed to the outer wall of the depth limiting wheel 11 to limit the upper and lower limits of the telescopic movement. At the same time, a cylinder 905 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top cover 907 to control the lifting and lowering of the depth limiting wheel 11. A pressure plate 906 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder 905 to provide power. To protect the cylinder 905, multiple support pillars 903 are fixed to the bottom of the top cover 907. Springs 904 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the multiple support pillars 903 to prevent damage to the cylinder 905 due to excessive telescopic movement, thereby realizing the automatic control of the depth limiting wheel 11.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Multiple fixing plates 5 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the plow frame 1. Their main function is to connect the upper and lower soil turning components and attach them to the plow frame 1. Multiple first screws 6 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each fixing plate 5. Their main function is to cooperate with first nuts 7 to fix the upper and lower fixing plates 5. Two first nuts 7 are threadedly connected to the outer wall of each first screw 6. Plow columns 2 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each fixing plate 5. Plow blades 3 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each plow column 2. Plow walls 4 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each plow blade 3. Hydraulic rods 12 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the suspension column 10. Their main function is to control the raising and lowering of the soil turning components. Specifically, the upper and lower fixing plates 5 are connected by multiple first screws 6 and multiple first nuts 7. At the same time, plow columns 2 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of multiple fixing plates 5, plow shovels 3 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of multiple plow columns 2, and plow walls 4 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of multiple plow shovels 3 for turning over soil. In addition, hydraulic rods 12 are fixed to the outer walls of the suspension column 10 for controlling the raising and lowering of the soil turning component.

[0022] Working principle: First, a first track 801 is fixed at the bottom of the plow frame 1, which includes a toothed track 8022 and a cylindrical track 8023. The toothed track 8022 is connected to a gear 8021, and the gear 8021 is connected to a motor 808, serving as the power source for the entire adjusting mechanism 8. The rotation of the motor 808 drives the gear 8021 to move horizontally along the first track 801, simultaneously driving the horizontal movement of multiple fixed columns 803. The movement of the fixed columns 803 drives the rotation of the connecting rod 804, achieving a change in the overall length. To achieve the normal movement of the connecting rod 804, multiple connecting rods... Each of the fixed columns 803 at the connection point of 804 is rotatably connected to a first pulley 8024. The first pulley 8024 moves along the first track 801. In order to ensure that the upper and lower parts of the fixed plate 5 can move synchronously, a second track 8071 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame 1. A rotating shaft 8072 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper fixed plate 5. The upper fixed plate 5 moves along the second track 8071 with the second pulley 8073 through the rotatable connection of the rotating shaft 8072 and the second pulley 8073, so as to realize the synchronous movement of the upper and lower fixed plates 5 and complete the automatic adjustment of the spacing of the plow columns 2. Furthermore, a housing 902 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the depth limiting wheel 11 to fix the various telescopic components. At the same time, two limit blocks 901 are fixed to the outer wall of the depth limiting wheel 11 to limit the upper and lower limits of the telescopic movement of the depth limiting wheel 11. A top cover 907 is fixed to the bottom of the housing 902, and a pressure plate 906 for providing power to the cylinder 905 is fixed to the top of the top cover 907. The cylinder 905 is fixed to the outer wall of the top cover 907. The cylinder 905 is connected to the pressure plate 906. In order to prevent the cylinder 905 from being damaged due to excessive telescopic movement, multiple support pillars 903 are fixed to the bottom of the top cover 907. Springs 904 are connected to the outer wall of the support pillars 903, which can play a buffering role to protect the cylinder 905 when the depth limiting wheel 11 telescopics, so as to realize the automatic control of the lifting and lowering of the depth limiting wheel 11.

[0023] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A soil turning device for use in a soil stripping and replacement operation in an agricultural field, comprising a frame (1), characterised in that: The outer wall of the plow frame (1) is provided with an adjustment mechanism (8), and the outer wall of the plow frame (1) is fixedly connected with a suspension column (10). The outer wall of the suspension column (10) is fixedly connected with two depth limiting wheels (11), and the outer wall of the two depth limiting wheels (11) is provided with a telescopic mechanism (9). The adjustment mechanism (8) includes a first track (801), the top of the outer wall of the first track (801) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the plow frame (1), a plurality of fixed columns (803) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the first track (801), two connecting rods (804) are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the plurality of fixed columns (803), a second screw (805) is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of connecting rods (804), a second nut (806) is threadedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of second screws (805), a motor (808) is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the fixed columns (803), a transmission assembly (802) is provided at the bottom of the first track (801), and a sliding assembly (807) is provided at the top of the plow frame (1).

2. The soil dislodging and returning device for agricultural field according to claim 1, wherein: The telescopic mechanism (9) includes two limiting blocks (901). The outer walls of the two limiting blocks (901) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the depth limiting wheel (11). The outer walls of the two limiting blocks (901) are slidably connected to a shell (902). The top of the shell (902) is fixedly connected to a top cover (907). The bottom of the top cover (907) is fixedly connected to multiple pillars (903). The outer walls of the multiple pillars (903) are fixedly connected to springs (904).

3. The soil dislodging and replacing device for agricultural field according to claim 1, wherein: The telescopic mechanism (9) also includes a cylinder (905), the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top cover (907), and a pressure plate (906) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder (905).

4. The soil scraping and covering device according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission assembly (802) includes a toothed rail (8022), the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame (1), a gear (8021) meshing with the outer wall of the toothed rail (8022), a columnar rail (8023) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame (1), and a plurality of first pulleys (8024) slidably connected to the outer wall of the columnar rail (8023).

5. The soil scraping and covering device according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding assembly (807) includes a second track (8071), the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the plow frame (1), and a plurality of second pulleys (8073) are slidably connected to the outer wall of the second track (8071), and the outer walls of the plurality of second pulleys (8073) are rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (8072).

6. The soil scraping and covering device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the plow frame (1) is fixedly connected with multiple fixing plates (5), and the outer walls of the multiple fixing plates (5) are fixedly connected with multiple first screws (6), and the outer walls of the multiple first screws (6) are threaded with two first nuts (7).

7. The soil dislodging and replacing device according to claim 6, wherein: Each of the multiple fixed plates (5) has a plow column (2) fixedly connected to its outer wall, and each of the multiple plow columns (2) has a plow blade (3) fixedly connected to its outer wall.

8. The soil scraping and covering device according to claim 7, wherein: The outer wall of each of the plurality of plough blades (3) is fixedly connected with a plough wall (4), and the outer wall of the suspension column (10) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod (12).

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