A seeding depth control device suitable for varying surface slopes in hilly and mountainous areas.

Abstract

This utility model discloses a sowing depth control device suitable for varying surface slopes in hilly and mountainous areas. The device comprises a left-hand parallel four-bar linkage mechanism integrally fixed to the furrow opener mounting frame, and a right-hand parallel four-bar linkage mechanism fixed to the traction mechanism frame. A disc furrow opener, depth-limiting wheel, and soil-covering and pressing wheel are installed from front to back below the furrow opener mounting frame, while an air-blowing seed metering device is installed above the furrow opener mounting frame. The lower end of a large-scale spring is mounted on the lower rod of the parallel four-bar linkage mechanism, and the upper end of the large-scale spring is fitted with a spring initial increment adjuster. One end of the sowing unit frame connector in the left-hand parallel four-bar linkage mechanism is hinged to the sowing depth adjustment adjustment cylinder of the spring initial increment adjuster. This utility model can select different sowing depth operation parameters according to different surface slope ranges in the forward direction, ultimately achieving optimal sowing depth operation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for seeders, specifically a seeding depth control device suitable for changes in the surface slope of hilly and mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Corn is a major grain crop in China, and increasing corn yield is of great significance to ensuring food security. Corn planting area accounts for more than 15% in hilly and mountainous areas, making improving sowing depth performance a key measure to increase corn yield in these areas. With strong support from agricultural mechanization policies in hilly and mountainous areas and the urgent needs of corn growers there, low-cost, versatile, and deep-sowing-capable mechanical seeders will become a major focus for planting in these areas.

[0003] The large-scale contour spring-type seeding depth control mainly achieves seeding depth control through parallel four-bar contouring, large-scale contour spring compression, and depth limiting wheel, thereby ensuring seeding depth performance. However, existing large-scale contour spring-type seeding depth control technologies are mostly only suitable for relatively flat farmland in plains areas. In hilly and mountainous areas, the surface slope in different directions of advance has varying degrees of influence on seeding depth performance, leading to significant inconsistencies in seeding depth and, in extreme cases, problems such as bare seeds, severely impacting seeding performance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a seeding depth control device that adapts to different surface slopes in hilly and mountainous areas. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background technology, this utility model provides a sowing depth control device suitable for changes in surface slope in the forward direction of hilly and mountainous areas. The technical solution includes: a disc furrow opener, a depth limiting wheel, a lower rod of a parallel four-bar linkage, a right rod of a parallel four-bar linkage, a large-scale spring, an upper rod of a parallel four-bar linkage, a spring initial increment adjuster, a left rod of a parallel four-bar linkage, a seed box, an air-blown seed metering device, a seed metering pipe, and a soil covering and pressing wheel. The front end and rear end of the upper rod of the parallel four-bar linkage are respectively hinged to the upper part of the right rod of the parallel four-bar linkage and the upper part of the frame connecting rod in the middle of the left rod of the parallel four-bar linkage; the front end and rear end of the lower rod of the parallel four-bar linkage are respectively hinged to the lower part of the right rod of the parallel four-bar linkage and the lower part of the frame connecting rod.

[0005] The left link of the parallel four-bar linkage is integrally fixed to the trencher mounting frame in the middle of the left link of the parallel four-bar linkage, and the right link of the parallel four-bar linkage is fixed to the frame of the traction mechanism;

[0006] The disc furrow opener, depth limiting wheel, and soil covering and pressing wheel are installed from front to back below the furrow opener mounting frame. The air-blowing seed metering device is installed above the furrow opener mounting frame. The inlet of the air-blowing seed metering device is connected to the outlet of the seed box, and the outlet of the air-blowing seed metering device is located behind the disc furrow opener. The disc furrow opener is rotatably connected to the furrow opener mounting frame. The depth limiting wheel is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame through the depth limiting arm. The soil covering and pressing wheel is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame through the soil covering and pressing mechanism frame.

[0007] The lower end of the large-scale contour spring is installed on the lower rod of the parallel four-bar contour mechanism, and the upper end of the large-scale contour spring is equipped with a spring initial increment adjuster. One end of the seeding unit frame connector in the left rod of the parallel four-bar contour mechanism is hinged to the seeding depth adjustment adjustment cylinder of the spring initial increment adjuster, and the other end of the seeding unit frame connector is hinged to the upper part of the frame connecting rod.

[0008] The spring initial increment adjuster includes: an upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler, a sowing depth adjustment screw, a sowing depth indicator line, a sowing depth adjustment clamp, and a fixing nut. The lower end of the sowing depth adjustment screw is fixed to the upper end of the large-scale spring. The sowing depth adjustment clamp is connected to the sowing depth adjustment screw by a thread. The upper end of the sowing depth adjustment screw is fitted with a sowing depth indicator line via a fixing nut. The upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler is fixedly installed on the side of the sowing depth adjustment clamp, and the scale arrangement direction on the upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler is parallel to the axial direction of the sowing depth adjustment screw.

[0009] The right link of the parallel four-bar linkage includes: a first traction rod fixing plate, a traction rod connecting plate, and a second traction rod fixing plate, wherein the first traction rod fixing plate and the second traction rod fixing plate are respectively fixed on both sides of the traction rod connecting plate, and the traction rod connecting plate is fixed to the frame of the traction mechanism.

[0010] The parallel four-bar linkage includes a first upper bar and a second upper bar. The front ends of the first upper bar and the second upper bar are respectively hinged to the upper part of the first traction rod fixing plate and the second traction rod fixing plate. The rear ends of the first upper bar and the second upper bar are connected by a sleeve, thereby forming a certain width to increase the strength of the parallelogram mechanism.

[0011] The lower rod of the parallel four-bar linkage includes: a spring second-end mounting plate, a first lower rod, and a second lower rod. The front ends of the first lower rod and the second lower rod are respectively hinged to the lower part of the first traction rod fixing plate and the second traction rod fixing plate. The rear ends of the first lower rod and the second lower rod are connected through a sleeve. The two ends of the spring second-end mounting plate are respectively fixed to the first lower rod and the second lower rod. The large-scale spring is connected to the spring second-end mounting plate through a hook at its end.

[0012] The middle part of the depth limiting arm is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame through the target seeding depth adjuster. By adjusting the meshing position of the screw part in the target seeding depth adjuster and the threaded part in the furrow opener mounting frame, the compaction pressure of the soil covering and compaction wheel can be changed.

[0013] The beneficial effect of this utility model is that it can adjust different sowing depth operation parameters according to the surface slope range of different forward directions, so as to achieve the optimal value of sowing depth operation performance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sowing depth control device for adjusting the slope of the ground in hilly and mountainous areas according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the parallelogram mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring initial increment adjuster in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The components are: 1-Disc furrow opener, 2-Depth limiting wheel, 3-Lower rod of parallel four-bar linkage, 4-Right rod (traction rod) of parallel four-bar linkage, 5-Large contouring spring, 6-Upper rod of parallel four-bar linkage, 7-Spring initial increment adjuster, 8-Left rod of parallel four-bar linkage (sowing unit frame), 9-Seed box, 10-Air-blown seed metering device, 11-Seed metering tube, 12-Target sowing depth adjuster, 13-Soil covering and compaction mechanism frame, 14-Soil covering and compaction wheel, 15-Depth limiting arm, 3-1-First lower rod. 3-2-Spring second end mounting plate, 3-3-Second lower rod, 4-1-First traction rod fixing plate, 4-2-Traction rod connecting plate, 4-3-Second traction rod fixing plate, 6-1-First upper rod, 6-2-Second upper rod, 7-1-Upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler, 7-2-Sowing depth adjustment screw, 7-3-Sowing depth indicator line, 7-4-Sowing depth adjustment adjustment clip, 7-5-Fixing nut, 8-1-Frame connecting rod, 8-2-Sowing unit frame connector, 8-4-Furrow opener mounting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figure 1The embodiment of this utility model shown includes: a disc furrow opener 1, a depth limiting wheel 2, a lower rod of a parallel four-bar linkage 3, a right rod of a parallel four-bar linkage 4 (traction rod), a large-scale contouring spring 5, an upper rod of a parallel four-bar linkage 6, a spring initial increment adjuster 7, a left rod of a parallel four-bar linkage 8, a seed box 9, an air-blown seed metering device 10, a seed metering pipe 11, and a soil covering and pressing wheel 14.

[0020] The front and rear ends of the upper link 6 of the parallel four-bar linkage are hinged to the upper part of the right link 4 of the parallel four-bar linkage and the upper part of the frame connecting rod 8-1 in the left link 8 of the parallel four-bar linkage, respectively; the front and rear ends of the lower link 3 of the parallel four-bar linkage are hinged to the lower part of the right link 4 of the parallel four-bar linkage and the lower part of the frame connecting rod 8-1, respectively; thus, the lower link 3, the right link 4, the upper link 6, and the frame connecting rod 8-1 of the parallel four-bar linkage form a parallelogram mechanism;

[0021] The left link 8 of the parallel four-bar linkage is integrally fixed to the trencher mounting frame 8-4 in the left link 8 of the parallel four-bar linkage, and the right link 4 of the parallel four-bar linkage is fixed to the frame of the traction mechanism.

[0022] The disc furrow opener 1, depth limiting wheel 2, and soil covering and pressing wheel 14 are installed from front to back below the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4. The air-blowing seed metering device 10 is installed above the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4. The inlet of the air-blowing seed metering device 10 is connected to the outlet of the seed box 9, and the outlet of the air-blowing seed metering device 10 is located behind the disc furrow opener 1. The disc furrow opener 1 is rotatably connected to the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4. The depth limiting wheel 2 is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4 through the depth limiting arm 15. The soil covering and pressing wheel 14... The soil compaction mechanism frame 13 is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4; the middle part of the depth limiting arm 15 is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4 through the target sowing depth adjuster 12. By adjusting the meshing position of the screw part in the target sowing depth adjuster 12 and the threaded part in the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4, the compaction pressure of the soil compaction wheel 14 is changed; by changing the locking position of the soil compaction mechanism frame 13 and the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4, the soil penetration depth of the disc furrow opener 1 is changed.

[0023] The lower end of the large-scale contour spring 5 is mounted on the lower rod 3 of the parallel four-bar contouring mechanism, and the upper end of the large-scale contour spring 5 is mounted on the spring initial increment adjuster 7. The left rod 8 of the parallel four-bar contouring mechanism includes: a frame connecting rod 8-1, a seeding unit frame connecting piece 8-2, and a furrow opener mounting frame 8-4. One end of the seeding unit frame connecting piece 8-2 in the left rod 8 of the parallel four-bar contouring mechanism is hinged to the seeding depth adjustment adjusting cylinder 7-4 of the spring initial increment adjuster 7, and the other end of the seeding unit frame connecting piece 8-2 is hinged to the upper part of the frame connecting rod 8-1.

[0024] The spring initial increment adjuster 7 includes: an upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler 7-1, a sowing depth adjustment screw 7-2, a sowing depth indicator line 7-3, a sowing depth adjustment cylinder 7-4, and a fixing nut 7-5. The lower end of the sowing depth adjustment screw 7-2 is fixed to the upper end of the large-scale spring 5. The sowing depth adjustment cylinder 7-4 is threadedly connected to the sowing depth adjustment screw 7-2. The upper end of the sowing depth adjustment screw 7-2 is fitted with the sowing depth indicator line 7-3 via the fixing nut 7-5. The upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler 7-1 is fixedly installed on the side of the sowing depth adjustment cylinder 7-4, and the scale arrangement direction on the upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler 7-1 is parallel to the axial direction of the sowing depth adjustment screw 7-2.

[0025] The right link 4 of the parallel four-bar linkage includes: a first traction rod fixing plate 4-1, a traction rod connecting plate 4-2, and a second traction rod fixing plate 4-3. The first traction rod fixing plate 4-1 and the second traction rod fixing plate 4-3 are respectively fixed on both sides of the traction rod connecting plate 4-2, and the traction rod connecting plate 4-2 is fixed to the frame of the traction mechanism.

[0026] The upper rod 6 of the parallel four-bar linkage includes: a first upper rod 6-1 and a second upper rod 6-2. The front ends of the first upper rod 6-1 and the second upper rod 6-2 are respectively hinged to the upper parts of the first traction rod fixing plate 4-1 and the second traction rod fixing plate 4-3. The rear ends of the first upper rod 6-1 and the second upper rod 6-2 are connected by a sleeve, thereby forming a certain width to increase the strength of the parallelogram mechanism.

[0027] The lower rod 3 of the parallel four-bar linkage includes: a spring second end mounting plate 3-2, a first lower rod 3-1, and a second lower rod 3-3. The front ends of the first lower rod 3-1 and the second lower rod 3-3 are respectively hinged to the lower parts of the first traction rod fixing plate 4-1 and the second traction rod fixing plate 4-3. The rear ends of the first lower rod 3-1 and the second lower rod 3-3 are connected by a sleeve, thereby forming a certain width to increase the strength of the parallelogram mechanism. The two ends of the spring second end mounting plate 3-2 are respectively fixed to the first lower rod 3-1 and the second lower rod 3-3. The large-scale spring 5 is connected to the spring second end mounting plate 3-2 through the hook at its end.

[0028] During the work, the distribution range of the surface slope of the land to be cultivated in the hilly and mountainous areas is first measured manually using an inclinometer in the direction of advancement;

[0029] Then, based on the range of surface slope of the cultivated land to be sown obtained through manual measurement;

[0030] Then, adjust the angle of the parallelogram mechanism by rotating the seeding depth adjusting screw 7-2 according to the slope range of the ground in the direction of advance;

[0031] Finally, adjust the locking positions of the target sowing depth adjuster 12 and the furrow opener mounting frame 8-4 according to different sowing depth operation parameters, and then carry out the sowing depth operation.

Claims

1. A seeding depth control device suitable for varying surface slopes in hilly and mountainous areas, characterized in that, include: The components include a disc furrow opener (1), a depth limiting wheel (2), a lower rod of a parallel four-bar linkage (3), a right rod of a parallel four-bar linkage (4), a large-scale spring (5), an upper rod of a parallel four-bar linkage (6), a spring initial increment adjuster (7), a left rod of a parallel four-bar linkage (8), a seed box (9), an air-blowing seed meterer (10), a seed metering pipe (11), and a soil covering and pressing wheel (14). The front and rear ends of the upper rod of the parallel four-bar linkage (6) are respectively hinged to the upper part of the right rod of the parallel four-bar linkage (4) and the upper part of the frame connecting rod (8-1) in the left rod of the parallel four-bar linkage (8). The front and rear ends of the lower rod of the parallel four-bar linkage (3) are respectively hinged to the lower part of the right rod of the parallel four-bar linkage (4) and the lower part of the frame connecting rod (8-1). The left rod (8) of the parallel four-bar linkage is integrally fixed to the trencher mounting frame (8-4) in the left rod (8) of the parallel four-bar linkage, and the right rod (4) of the parallel four-bar linkage is fixed to the frame of the traction mechanism. The disc furrow opener (1), the depth limiting wheel (2), and the soil covering and pressing wheel (14) are installed from front to back below the furrow opener mounting frame (8-4). The air-blowing seed metering device (10) is installed above the furrow opener mounting frame (8-4). The inlet of the air-blowing seed metering device (10) is connected to the outlet of the seed box (9). The outlet of the air-blowing seed metering device (10) is located behind the disc furrow opener (1). The disc furrow opener (1) is rotatably connected to the furrow opener mounting frame (8-4). The depth limiting wheel (2) is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame (8-4) through the depth limiting arm (15). The soil covering and pressing wheel (14) is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame (8-4) through the soil covering and pressing mechanism frame (13). The lower end of the large-scale contour spring (5) is installed on the lower rod (3) of the parallel four-bar contour mechanism. The upper end of the large-scale contour spring (5) is equipped with a spring initial increment adjuster (7). One end of the seeding unit frame connector (8-2) in the left rod (8) of the parallel four-bar contour mechanism is hinged to the seeding depth adjustment adjustment cylinder (7-4) of the spring initial increment adjuster (7). The other end of the seeding unit frame connector (8-2) is hinged to the upper part of the frame connecting rod (8-1).

2. The seeding depth control device for hilly and mountainous areas with varying surface slopes in the forward direction, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The initial increment spring adjuster (7) includes: an upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler (7-1), a sowing depth adjustment screw (7-2), a sowing depth indicator line (7-3), a sowing depth adjustment adjustment cylinder (7-4), and a fixing nut (7-5). The lower end of the sowing depth adjustment screw (7-2) is fixed to the upper end of the large-scale spring (5), and the sowing depth adjustment adjustment cylinder (7-4) is connected to the sowing depth adjustment screw (7-2) by a thread. The upper end of the sowing depth adjustment screw (7-2) is equipped with a sowing depth indicator line (7-3) through the fixing nut (7-5). The upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler (7-1) is fixedly installed on the side of the sowing depth adjustment cylinder (7-4), and the scale arrangement direction on the upper rod sowing depth adjustment ruler (7-1) is parallel to the axial direction of the sowing depth adjustment screw (7-2).

3. The seeding depth control device for hilly and mountainous areas with varying surface slopes in the forward direction, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The right rod (4) of the parallel four-bar linkage includes: a first traction rod fixing plate (4-1), a traction rod connecting plate (4-2), and a second traction rod fixing plate (4-3), wherein the first traction rod fixing plate (4-1) and the second traction rod fixing plate (4-3) are respectively fixed on both sides of the traction rod connecting plate (4-2), and the traction rod connecting plate (4-2) is fixed to the frame of the traction mechanism.

4. The seeding depth control device for hilly and mountainous areas with varying surface slopes in the forward direction, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The upper rod (6) of the parallel four-bar linkage includes a first upper rod (6-1) and a second upper rod (6-2). The front ends of the first upper rod (6-1) and the second upper rod (6-2) are respectively hinged to the upper part of the first traction rod fixing plate (4-1) and the second traction rod fixing plate (4-3). The rear ends of the first upper rod (6-1) and the second upper rod (6-2) are connected by a sleeve, thereby forming a certain width to increase the strength of the parallelogram mechanism.

5. The seeding depth control device for hilly and mountainous areas with varying surface slopes in the forward direction, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The lower rod (3) of the parallel four-bar linkage includes: a spring second end mounting plate (3-2), a first lower rod (3-1), and a second lower rod (3-3). The front ends of the first lower rod (3-1) and the second lower rod (3-3) are respectively hinged to the lower parts of the first traction rod fixing plate (4-1) and the second traction rod fixing plate (4-3). The rear ends of the first lower rod (3-1) and the second lower rod (3-3) are connected through a sleeve. The two ends of the spring second end mounting plate (3-2) are respectively fixed to the first lower rod (3-1) and the second lower rod (3-3). The large-scale spring (5) is connected to the spring second end mounting plate (3-2) through the hook at its end.

6. The seeding depth control device for hilly and mountainous areas with varying surface slopes in the forward direction, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The middle part of the depth limiting arm (15) is connected to the furrow opener mounting frame (8-4) through the target seeding depth adjuster (12). By adjusting the meshing position of the screw part in the target seeding depth adjuster (12) and the threaded part in the furrow opener mounting frame (8-4), the pressing pressure of the soil covering roller (14) is changed.

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