An integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting

Abstract

This utility model provides an integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting, comprising two identical support frames positioned corresponding to each other. Two to eight pairs of rollers rotating in opposite directions are arranged between the two support frames. A feed enclosure is installed above the support frames, and a discharge enclosure is installed below the support frames. A vibrating screen is installed below the discharge enclosure. Each roller includes a roller body located in its middle section, and arc-shaped protrusions are spaced along the length of the outer circumference of the roller body. In each pair of rollers rotating in opposite directions, the arc-shaped protrusions on the two roller bodies operate in an interlocking manner during operation. The advantages include: enabling continuous operation of alfalfa pod dehulling and seed pretreatment, effectively improving processing efficiency, promoting subsequent germination, and reducing seed loss; the overall structure is simple and easy to operate, adapting to the pretreatment needs of large-scale alfalfa planting, and possessing good practicality and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, specifically relating to an integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting. Background Technology

[0002] Alfalfa, as a high-quality forage crop, requires seed hulling and pretreatment before planting to improve germination rates. Conventional hulling typically involves manually pounding and crushing the alfalfa pods after threshing with a threshing machine. While some equipment exists for alfalfa hulling, current technology has significant shortcomings: hulling equipment often uses a single crushing or impact method, easily leading to incomplete hulling and some seeds remaining encased in the pods; simultaneously, intact seed coats after hulling result in slow water absorption, affecting subsequent germination. Furthermore, hulling and seed pretreatment often need to be performed in separate steps, with poor equipment integration, increasing labor costs and causing seed loss, making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency pretreatment requirements for large-scale planting.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pre-treatment device for alfalfa seeds that can integrate pod dehulling and seed extrusion and slit making, achieve good separation effect, and be suitable for large-scale planting. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting, comprising two support frames with identical structures and corresponding positions, 2-8 pairs of rollers with opposite rotation directions arranged between the two support frames, a feeding enclosure installed above the support frames, a discharging enclosure installed below the support frames, and a vibrating screen arranged below the discharging enclosure; wherein, each roller includes a roller body located in its middle part, and the outer circumference of the roller body is provided with arc-shaped protrusions spaced along its length direction; in each pair of rollers with opposite rotation directions, the arc-shaped protrusions on the two roller bodies operate in an interlocking manner during operation.

[0006] The support frame includes a lower support leg and an upper transmission box. The transmission box is a rectangular shell with an open front and a hollow interior. Bearing mounting holes are arranged in an array along the horizontal direction on the rear end face of the transmission box. Bearing mounting holes are also arranged at horizontally opposite positions on the left and right end faces of the transmission box, and bearings are fitted into the bearing mounting holes.

[0007] Each of the support frames has a worm gear installed along its length inside the transmission box at its upper part.

[0008] Each worm includes a worm body in its middle and worm mounting shafts integrally formed with the worm body at both ends. The worm mounting shaft at one end of the worm is sleeved in the bearing of the bearing mounting hole on the left end face of the corresponding transmission box, and the worm mounting shaft at the other end of the worm is sleeved in the bearing of the bearing mounting hole on the right end face of the corresponding transmission box.

[0009] Each roller includes roller mounting shafts integrally formed with the roller body at both ends. The roller mounting shaft at one end of the roller is sleeved in the bearing of the bearing mounting hole opened on the rear end face of one of the transmission boxes, and the roller mounting shaft at the other end of the roller is sleeved in the bearing of the bearing mounting hole opened on the rear end face of another transmission box.

[0010] From left to right, the front roller mounting shaft and the rear roller mounting shaft of the roller are alternately fitted with worm gears at their ends, and the worm gears are respectively connected to the corresponding worms below them.

[0011] The worm shaft at one end of each worm is connected to a geared motor with the same structure but opposite rotation direction via a coupling. The bases of the geared motors are located on the same horizontal plane, and the geared motors are all mounted on the mounting platform on the right side of the support frame.

[0012] The feeding enclosure has an open top and bottom and a continuous enclosure around the perimeter. The front and rear outer edges of the lower open end extend horizontally to form an extension. The upper surface of the extension has a through hole, and bolts are used to fix the feeding enclosure above the support frame through the through hole. The inner perimeter of the feeding enclosure has an inwardly converging slope.

[0013] The discharge enclosure has an open top and bottom and a continuous enclosure around the perimeter. The front and rear ends of the upper part of the discharge enclosure are provided with through holes. Bolts are used to fix the discharge enclosure to the lower part of the support frame through the through holes. The discharge enclosure also includes a docking interface below it. The docking interface is a guide channel formed by extending downward from the outer edge of the lower port of the discharge enclosure. It is used to match and connect with the feed port of the vibrating screen below to guide the material to enter the vibrating screen accurately.

[0014] The transmission box has a removable cover at the front opening.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This utility model, through its integrated structural design, enables continuous operation of alfalfa pod dehulling and seed pretreatment, effectively improving processing efficiency. The relatively rotating rollers with arc-shaped protrusions, through their interlocking action, apply pressure to the alfalfa pods from multiple angles compared to ordinary rollers, thus reliably separating the pod shells from the seeds. Furthermore, they exert moderate pressure on the seeds to create cracks, significantly enhancing their water absorption and promoting subsequent germination. Simultaneously, the vibrating screen achieves precise separation of shells and seeds through dimensional differences, reducing seed loss. The overall structure is simple and easy to operate, adapting to the pretreatment needs of large-scale alfalfa cultivation, and possesses excellent practicality and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rollers with opposite rotation directions when they are in operation.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support frame of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the roller of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the worm gear of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding enclosure structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the material discharge enclosure structure of this utility model;

[0025] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Support frame; 11. Support leg; 12. Transmission box; 121. Bearing mounting hole; 2. Roller; 21. Roller body; 22. Arc-shaped protrusion; 23. Roller mounting shaft; 3. Feed enclosure; 31. Extension; 32. Slope; 4. Discharge enclosure; 41. Connection interface; 5. Vibrating screen; 6. Worm; 61. Worm body; 62. Worm mounting shaft; 7. Worm wheel; 8. Gear motor; 9. Mounting platform; 10. Removable cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting, comprising two identical support frames 1 with corresponding front and rear positions, 2-8 pairs of rollers 2 with opposite rotation directions arranged between the two support frames 1, a feeding enclosure 3 installed above the support frames 1, a discharging enclosure 4 installed below the support frames 1, and a vibrating screen 5 arranged below the discharging enclosure 4; wherein, each roller 2 includes a roller body 21 located in its middle part, and arc-shaped protrusions 22 are arranged at intervals along the length direction on the outer circumference of the roller body 21; in each pair of rollers 2 with opposite rotation directions, the arc-shaped protrusions 22 on the two roller bodies 21 operate in an interlocking manner during operation, and the operation mode is as follows. Figure 4 As shown, compared to ordinary roller 2, this setup allows roller 2 to apply pressure to alfalfa pods from multiple angles during operation, thus reliably separating the pod shells from the seeds. The working principle of this setup is as follows: During operation, the alfalfa pods, after preliminary processing by the threshing machine, are first conveyed to the feed enclosure 3 above the support frame 1. Specifically, the discharge port of the threshing machine is aligned with the upper port of the feed enclosure 3. After the threshing machine processes the alfalfa, the alfalfa pods are guided by the upper and lower open structures of the feed enclosure 3, causing the alfalfa pods to fall vertically into the two support frames 1. The area consists of 2-8 pairs of rollers 2. Then, the drive mechanism is activated to rotate each pair of rollers 2 in a relative direction. Since each roller 2 has arc-shaped protrusions 22 spaced along its length on the outer circumference of its roller body 21, and the arc-shaped protrusions 22 of the two roller bodies 21 in each pair of opposite rotation directions operate in an interlocking manner, the falling alfalfa pods are drawn into the interlocking area of ​​the arc-shaped protrusions 22 of the adjacent rollers 2. Other alfalfa pods that are not immediately drawn in are further caught by the outer circumference of the roller body 21 during the continuous rotation of the rollers 2. The arc-shaped protrusion 22 contacts and drives the rotation, eventually guiding the alfalfa pods to the interlocking area of ​​the adjacent roller 2's arc-shaped protrusion 22. Under the squeezing force of the relative rotation of the roller 2 and the adaptive clamping action of the arc-shaped protrusion 22, the alfalfa pod shells are squeezed and broken, separating from the internal seeds. After dehulling, the seeds and shells are guided by the discharge enclosure 4 below the support frame 1 and fall into the vibrating screen 5 below the discharge enclosure 4. Finally, the vibrating screen 5, through vibration, utilizes the size difference between the alfalfa pod shells and seeds to make the seeds fall from the screen and complete the collection. The husks are discharged from the left side of the vibrating screen 5, thus realizing the integrated pretreatment of alfalfa seeds before planting, seed slitting, and husk-seed separation. Among these, the threshing machine is existing technology and will not be described in detail. In addition, the rotation gap between the rollers 2 is set to 3-5 mm. This gap refers to the straight distance between the arc-shaped protrusions 22 of the rollers 2 when they rotate. This gap can ensure that the arc-shaped protrusions 22 can effectively squeeze the pods to break the husks when they interlock, and can also avoid the seeds being over-crushed and damaged due to the gap being too small.

[0028] The support frame 1 includes a lower support leg 11 and an upper transmission box 12. The transmission box 12 is a rectangular shell with an open front and a hollow interior. Bearing mounting holes 121 are arranged in a horizontal array on the rear end face of the transmission box 12. Bearing mounting holes 121 are also provided at horizontally opposite positions on the left and right end faces of the transmission box 12, and bearings are fitted into each of the bearing mounting holes 121. In this configuration, the structural design of the support frame 1 and the upper transmission box 12 serves the dual purpose of stable support and efficient adaptation: the support leg 11 provides a solid foundation support for the entire device, ensuring the stability of the roller 2. The overall structure remains stable during dynamic operations such as rotation and vibrating screen 5. The transmission box 12 adopts a rectangular shell with an open front and a hollow interior, which provides a closed protective space for transmission components such as worm 6 and worm wheel 7, reducing the interference of external impurities on the transmission system, and facilitating the installation and maintenance of components. The bearing mounting holes 121 arranged horizontally on the rear end face of the transmission box 12, as well as the bearing mounting holes 121 arranged horizontally opposite to each other on the left and right end faces, are used for the fitting and installation of bearings, ensuring that the axes of roller 2 and worm 6 remain horizontally parallel, ensuring a smooth transmission process, and reducing wear or noise caused by axis misalignment.

[0029] Each of the support frames 1 has a worm gear 6 installed in the longitudinal direction inside the transmission box 12 at its upper part.

[0030] Each worm 6 includes a worm body 61 in the middle and worm mounting shafts 62 integrally formed with the worm body 61 at both ends. The worm mounting shaft 62 at one end of the worm 6 is sleeved in the bearing mounting hole 121 on the left end face of the corresponding transmission box 12, and the worm mounting shaft 62 at the other end of the worm 6 is sleeved in the bearing mounting hole 121 on the right end face of the corresponding transmission box 12. In this configuration, the worm body 61 in the middle serves as the transmission core, and power is transmitted through meshing with the worm wheel 7. The worm mounting shafts 62 integrally formed with the worm body 61 at both ends ensure the rigidity and coaxiality of the overall structure, and through the bearings sleeved in the bearing mounting holes 121 on the left and right end faces of the transmission box 12, the worm 6 can rotate flexibly around a stable axis, reducing frictional resistance during rotation.

[0031] Each roller 2 includes roller mounting shafts 23 integrally formed with the roller body 21 at both ends. The roller mounting shaft 23 at one end of the roller 2 is sleeved in the bearing of the bearing mounting hole 121 opened on the rear end face of one of the transmission boxes 12, and the roller mounting shaft 23 at the other end of the roller 2 is sleeved in the bearing of the bearing mounting hole 121 opened on the rear end face of another transmission box 12.

[0032] like Figure 3As shown, from left to right, the front roller mounting shaft 23 and the rear roller mounting shaft 23 of roller 2 are alternately fitted with worm gears 7 at their ends. The worm gears 7 are respectively connected to the corresponding worms 6 below them. The purpose of this arrangement is to realize the relative rotation of roller 2 through the meshing transmission of worm 6 and worm gears 7: when worm 6 rotates, the worm gears 7 meshing with it will drive roller 2 to rotate around the mounting shaft. Since the sleeve positions of worm gears 7 on roller mounting shaft 23 are alternately distributed and correspond to different transmission directions of worm 6, the rotation directions of two adjacent rollers 2 are opposite, that is, the rotation directions of each pair of rollers 2 are opposite. This alternating transmission connection method ensures that multiple sets of rollers 2 can rotate stably in the preset relative direction to meet the requirements of staggered compression of alfalfa pods. At the same time, the precise meshing relationship between the worm 6 and the worm wheel 7 ensures the coordination of the rotation speed of each roller 2, avoiding the problem of uneven compression force caused by asynchronous transmission. Thus, the functions of pod shelling and seed pretreatment are efficiently realized. In addition, the cooperation of the worm wheel 7, worm 6 and roller 2 in this utility model realizes the relative rotation of multiple sets of rollers 2, which can adapt to the pretreatment of alfalfa seeds before large-scale planting.

[0033] The worm mounting shaft 62 at one end of the worm 6 is connected to a geared motor 8 with the same structure but opposite rotation direction via a coupling. The bases of the geared motors 8 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the geared motors 8 are all mounted on the mounting platform 9 on the right side of the support frame 1. In this configuration, the worm 6 is directly driven to rotate synchronously in opposite directions by motors with the same structure but opposite rotation direction. Through the meshing transmission between the worm 6 and the worm wheel 7, the adjacent rollers 2 are ultimately ensured to achieve stable relative rotation.

[0034] The feeding enclosure 3 has an open top and bottom and a continuous enclosure around it. The front and rear outer edges of the lower open end extend horizontally to form an extension 31. The upper surface of the extension 31 has a through hole. Bolts are used to fix the feeding enclosure 3 above the support frame 1 through the through hole. The inner side of the feeding enclosure 3 has an inwardly converging slope 32. In this configuration, the inwardly converging slope 32 on the inner side of the feeding enclosure 3 can further guide the dispersed pods to the working area of ​​the roller 2, reduce material accumulation, improve pre-processing efficiency, and meet the needs of continuous feeding in large-scale operations.

[0035] The discharge enclosure 4 has an open top and bottom and a continuous surrounding enclosure. Through holes are provided on both the front and rear ends of the upper part of the discharge enclosure 4. Bolts are used to fix the discharge enclosure 4 to the support frame 1 below the through holes. The discharge enclosure 4 also includes a lower interface 41, which is a guide channel extending downwards from the outer edge of the lower port of the discharge enclosure 4. This guide channel is used to connect with the feed inlet of the vibrating screen 5 below, guiding the material precisely into the vibrating screen 5. The function of the discharge enclosure 4 is to accurately guide and stably connect the material: its open top and bottom and continuous surrounding enclosure shape can concentrate and collect the mixture of pod shells and seeds processed by the roller 2, preventing it from scattering during the fall; its lower interface 41, as an extended guide channel, can precisely connect with the feed inlet of the vibrating screen 5, forcibly guiding the mixture into the vibrating screen 5 along a preset path, preventing material leakage or deviation from the screening area, ensuring efficient shell-seed separation, providing reliable support for subsequent seed collection, and meeting the smooth requirements of continuous discharge in large-scale operations.

[0036] A removable cover plate 10 is provided at the front opening of the transmission box 12. This cover plate can be connected to the front of the transmission box 12 by bolts, hinges, or snaps. This feature can seal the internal space of the transmission box 12 during operation, preventing dust and impurities from entering or lubricating oil from leaking in, protecting transmission components such as the worm gear 6 and worm wheel 7 from contamination, and ensuring stable operation of the transmission system. It can also be easily disassembled when it is necessary to inspect, maintain, or replace internal components, providing operators with a spacious operating space, simplifying maintenance procedures, improving equipment maintenance efficiency, and meeting the needs of rapid equipment maintenance in large-scale operations.

[0037] Specific working principle:

[0038] During operation, the discharge port of the thresher is first aligned with the upper port of the feed enclosure 3, so that the alfalfa pods after preliminary processing by the thresher are conveyed to the feed enclosure 3 above the support frame 1. The alfalfa pods fall under the guidance of the feed enclosure 3, and at the same time, the inward-converging slope 32 around the inner side of the feed enclosure 3 will further guide the dispersed pods to the area of ​​2-8 pairs of rollers 2 set between the two support frames 1.

[0039] Subsequently, the geared motor 8, mounted on the mounting platform 9 on the right side of the support frame 1, is started. The bases of the geared motor 8 are located on the same horizontal plane, and they have the same structure but opposite rotation directions. It is connected to the end of the worm mounting shaft 62 at one end of the worm 6 through a coupling, thereby driving the worm 6 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. When the worm 6 rotates, the worm wheel 7 connected to the worm 6 rotates accordingly. From left to right, the front roller mounting shaft 23 and the rear roller mounting shaft 23 of the roller 2 are alternately fitted with worm wheels 7 at their ends, and the worm wheels 7 respectively cooperate with the corresponding worm 6 below. Since the worm wheel 7 is alternately distributed and corresponds to different transmission directions of the worm 6, adjacent rollers 2 can rotate in opposite directions. The outer circumference of the roller body 21 of each roller 2 is provided with arc-shaped protrusions 22 spaced along the length direction. In each pair of rollers 2 with opposite rotation directions, the arc-shaped protrusions 22 on the two roller bodies 21 operate in an interlocking manner during operation, and the rotation gap between the rollers 2 is set to 3- The alfalfa pods, about 5 mm in diameter, are partially rolled into the interlocking area of ​​the arc-shaped protrusions 22 on the adjacent roller 2. The remaining pods, not immediately rolled in, are rotated by the arc-shaped protrusions 22 as the roller 2 continues to rotate, eventually entering the interlocking area. Under the squeezing force of the relative rotation of the roller 2 and the matching clamping action of the arc-shaped protrusions 22, the alfalfa pod shells are crushed and separated from the seeds inside. Simultaneously, the seeds are moderately compressed, creating cracks. The resulting mixture of seeds and shells is guided down by the discharge baffle 4 below the support frame 1. The interface 41 below it serves as an extended guide channel, appropriately connecting with the feed inlet of the vibrating screen 5 to guide the mixture precisely into the vibrating screen 5. Finally, the vibrating screen 5, through vibration, utilizes the size difference between the alfalfa pod shells and seeds to collect the seeds as they fall through the screen, while the pod shells are discharged from the left side of the vibrating screen 5. This achieves integrated pre-treatment of alfalfa seeds before planting, including shell removal, seed cracking, and shell-seed separation.

[0040] It should also be noted that the vibrating screen 5 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. It is important to emphasize that the mesh size of the vibrating screen 5 is not limited to that shown in the attached drawing; its specific size should meet the actual screening requirements, that is, be able to achieve effective separation of pod shells and seeds.

Claims

1. An integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting, characterized in that: It includes two identical support frames positioned opposite each other. Between the two support frames are 2-8 pairs of rollers rotating in opposite directions. A feed enclosure is installed above the support frames, and a discharge enclosure is installed below the support frames. A vibrating screen is installed below the discharge enclosure. Each roller includes a roller body located in its middle part. The outer circumference of the roller body is provided with arc-shaped protrusions spaced along its length. In each pair of rollers rotating in opposite directions, the arc-shaped protrusions on the two roller bodies operate in an interlocking manner during operation.

2. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes a lower support leg and an upper transmission box. The transmission box is a rectangular shell with an open front and a hollow interior. Bearing mounting holes are arranged in a horizontal array on the rear end face of the transmission box. Bearing mounting holes are also arranged at horizontally opposite positions on the left and right end faces of the transmission box, and bearings are fitted into the bearing mounting holes.

3. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each support frame has a worm gear installed along its length inside the transmission box at its upper part.

4. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each worm includes a worm body in the middle and worm mounting shafts integrally formed with the worm body at both ends. The worm mounting shaft at one end of the worm is sleeved in the bearing mounting hole on the left end face of the corresponding transmission box, and the worm mounting shaft at the other end of the worm is sleeved in the bearing mounting hole on the right end face of the corresponding transmission box.

5. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each roller includes roller mounting shafts integrally formed with the roller body at both ends. The roller mounting shaft at one end of the roller is sleeved in a bearing with a bearing mounting hole opened on the rear end face of one of the transmission boxes, and the roller mounting shaft at the other end of the roller is sleeved in a bearing with a bearing mounting hole opened on the rear end face of another transmission box.

6. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 5, characterized in that: From left to right, the front roller mounting shaft and the rear roller mounting shaft of the roller are alternately fitted with worm gears at their ends, and the worm gears are respectively connected to the corresponding worms below them.

7. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The worm shaft at one end of the worm gear is connected to a geared motor with the same structure but opposite rotation direction via a coupling. The bases of the geared motors are located on the same horizontal plane, and the geared motors are all mounted on the mounting platform on the right side of the support frame.

8. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding enclosure has an open top and bottom and a continuous enclosure around the perimeter. The front and rear outer edges of the lower open end extend horizontally to form an extension. The upper surface of the extension has a through hole, and bolts are used to fix the feeding enclosure to the support frame above the through hole. The inner perimeter of the feeding enclosure has an inwardly converging slope.

9. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge enclosure has an open top and bottom and a continuous enclosure around the perimeter. The front and rear ends of the upper part of the discharge enclosure have through holes. Bolts are used to fix the discharge enclosure to the lower part of the support frame through the through holes. The discharge enclosure also includes a matching interface below it. The matching interface is a guide channel formed by extending downward from the outer edge of the lower port of the discharge enclosure. It is used to match and connect with the feed port of the vibrating screen below to guide the material to enter the vibrating screen accurately.

10. The integrated pretreatment device for alfalfa seeds before planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A removable cover is provided at the front opening of the transmission box.

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