A multi-layer composite exhaust gas filtration structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology and discloses a multi-layer composite waste gas filtration structure, including a supporting base plate, a preliminary filtration structure, a multi-layer filtration assembly, and a pressurizing structure. The supporting base plate is convex in shape, with multiple sets of equidistant support feet fixedly installed at the bottom to ensure overall stability. The top is fixed with a protective frame, a support frame, and a controller, which not only realizes the partitioned layout of each functional structure, but also protects the core components and monitors operating parameters in real time. The preliminary filtration structure can pre-treat the waste gas and intercept large particulate impurities. The pressurizing structure can accurately control the transmission flow rate and pressure of the waste gas. The multi-layer filtration assembly, through the synergistic effect of different functional filtration layers, performs stepwise deep purification of organic pollutants, small molecule volatile organic compounds, and residual toxic gases. Finally, the qualified waste gas is discharged through the output structure. It is suitable for waste gas treatment scenarios in industrial production, chemical manufacturing, coating processing, and other fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology, specifically a multi-layer composite waste gas filtration structure. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, chemical manufacturing, and coating processing, waste gas containing pollutants such as particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, and toxic and harmful gases is continuously generated. Among these, multi-layer composite waste gas filtration structures are a type of technical equipment that integrates multiple sets of different functional filtration units to perform step-by-step purification of waste gas. Its core is to utilize the synergistic effect of different filtration layers to sequentially intercept, adsorb, and decompose different types of pollutants in the waste gas. Therefore, the development of efficient and stable waste gas filtration structures has become a key requirement for reducing waste gas pollution and protecting the ecology and human health.

[0003] Traditional waste gas filtration technologies often employ single filtration methods, such as relying solely on activated carbon adsorption layers to treat organic waste gas, or simply using simple filter screens to intercept particulate matter. These technologies have significant limitations. On the one hand, a single filtration layer cannot simultaneously address the complex and diverse pollutants in waste gas. For example, activated carbon has limited adsorption capacity for small-molecule VOCs and easily reaches adsorption saturation, requiring frequent replacement to maintain filtration effectiveness. On the other hand, traditional filtration devices generally lack pressure regulation and stable transmission mechanisms. During the filtration process, uneven flow rates can lead to insufficient filtration in certain areas, with some untreated pollutants being directly discharged with the airflow, reducing overall purification efficiency. Furthermore, traditional filtration units are mostly fixed integrated designs, requiring disassembly of the entire device for replacement or maintenance of a single filter component. This operation is cumbersome and time-consuming, increasing enterprise operation and maintenance costs and impacting production schedules due to device downtime. It is difficult to meet the actual needs of continuous and efficient waste gas treatment in industrial scenarios. Therefore, we propose a multi-layer composite waste gas filtration structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-layer composite exhaust gas filtration structure, which solves the aforementioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a multi-layer composite exhaust gas filtration structure.

[0006] The system includes a base plate, a protective frame, and a support frame. The base plate is convex in shape. Multiple sets of equidistant support feet are fixedly installed at the bottom of the base plate. A protective frame is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate. The protective frame is located on both sides of the convex shape on the top of the base plate. A set of vertical support frames is fixedly installed in the center of the top of the wider side of the base plate. A through circular hole is opened in the center of the top of the support frame. A preliminary filtration structure is installed inside the circular hole in the top of the support frame. A controller is fixedly connected to the side of the protective frame on the top of the base plate corresponding to the preliminary filtration structure.

[0007] A multi-layer filter assembly is installed on the top of the support base plate. The multi-layer filter assembly includes an installation structure, a filter structure, and an output structure. The bottom of the installation structure is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate. The filter structure is fixedly connected inside the installation structure. The output structure is fixedly connected to the side of the installation structure away from the primary filter structure.

[0008] A pressurizing structure is installed on the top of the supporting base plate. One end of the pressurizing structure is fixedly connected to the preliminary filter structure, and the other end is fixedly connected to the multi-layer filter structure.

[0009] Preferably, the preliminary filtration structure includes a preliminary filter canister, an air inlet, and medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton. The preliminary filter canister is fixedly installed in a circular hole at the top of the support frame. The interior of the preliminary filter canister is hollow, and the bottom of the preliminary filter canister is conical. An L-shaped air inlet is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the preliminary filter canister. Multiple sets of medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton arranged linearly in the longitudinal direction are fixedly installed inside the preliminary filter canister. A pressure relief port is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer side wall of the preliminary filter canister, and the pressure relief port is on the side of the preliminary filter canister facing the controller.

[0010] Preferably, the pressurization structure includes a connecting outlet, a connecting pipe, and a pressurization pump. One end of the connecting outlet is fixedly connected to the conical bottom side of the preliminary filter tank, and the other end of the connecting outlet is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe. The pressurization pump is fixedly installed on the top of the support base plate. One side end of the pressurization pump is fixedly connected to the connecting outlet through the connecting pipe. A regulating valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting outlet. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the pressurization pump, and a regulating valve is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting pipe at the top of the pressurization pump.

[0011] Preferably, the installation structure includes a multi-layer filter box and a top cover. The multi-layer filter box is fixedly installed on the top of the smaller end of the convex shape of the supporting base plate. The interior of the multi-layer filter box is hollow and cylindrical. The top cover is fixedly installed on the top of the multi-layer filter box, and the top center of the top cover is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting pipe at the top of the pressure pump.

[0012] Preferably, the output structure includes an outlet connection valve, a vacuum pump, and an output port. The outlet connection valve is fixedly installed on the side of the multi-layer filter box away from the primary filter tank, near the center of the bottom. The side of the outlet connection valve is fixedly connected to the vacuum pump. The bottom of the vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate. An output port is fixedly installed on the top of the vacuum pump. A regulating valve is fixedly connected to the top of the output port.

[0013] Preferably, the filter structure includes a filter block and an installation groove. The filter block is fixedly installed inside the multi-layer filter box and is longitudinally equidistant and linearly distributed inside the multi-layer filter box. The side of the filter block is provided with an installation groove, and the top of the filter block is provided with multiple sets of circumferentially distributed through holes. An activated carbon adsorption layer is fixedly installed in the installation groove on the side of the top filter block. A molecular sieve adsorption layer is fixedly installed in the installation groove in the middle section. A photocatalytic oxidation layer is fixedly installed in the installation groove at the bottom. Multiple sets of through holes are provided on the top of the activated carbon adsorption layer, the molecular sieve adsorption layer, and the photocatalytic oxidation layer.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a multi-layer composite exhaust gas filtration structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This multi-layer composite exhaust gas filtration structure, through a stepped purification design of "preliminary filtration + multi-layer composite filtration," achieves comprehensive treatment of various types of pollutants. Multiple sets of medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton in the preliminary filtration tank effectively intercept large particulate impurities in the exhaust gas, preventing clogging of the subsequent fine filtration layer. The activated carbon adsorption layer, molecular sieve adsorption layer, and photocatalytic oxidation layer in the multi-layer filtration box work synergistically—the activated carbon adsorption layer rapidly adsorbs organic waste gas, the molecular sieve adsorption layer further traps small-molecule VOCs and other difficult-to-adsorb pollutants, and the photocatalytic oxidation layer ultimately decomposes residual toxic gases into harmless substances. A pressure pump stably delivers the preliminarily filtered exhaust gas to the multi-layer filtration box through a connecting pipe, and the regulating valve connecting the outlet to the top of the pressure pump precisely controls the airflow speed, ensuring that the exhaust gas flows evenly through each filtration layer and avoiding "excessive flow rate without sufficient filling." The primary filter can be designed to prevent "slow flow rate and low efficiency" or "inefficient filtration". The pressure relief port on the primary filter tank allows for timely venting when the internal pressure rises abnormally, preventing damage to the device or airflow turbulence due to excessive pressure. The filter blocks in the multi-layer filter box are designed with longitudinal equidistant distribution, and the mounting grooves on the sides of the filter blocks can directly embed components such as activated carbon adsorption layers and molecular sieve adsorption layers. Replacement is simple: just open the top cover to remove the corresponding filter block and replace the failed filter layer without disassembling the entire multi-layer filter box. Furthermore, the convex-shaped support base plate partitions the primary filter structure, multi-layer filter components, and pressurization structure, with each component's location clearly marked. Maintenance requires no movement of other structures, further reducing maintenance time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the controller of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the output port of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting groove of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Support base plate; 2. Protective frame; 3. Support frame; 4. Preliminary filter tank; 5. Air inlet connection port; 6. Connection outlet; 7. Connecting pipe; 8. Pressure pump; 9. Pressure relief port; 10. Multi-layer filter box; 11. Top cover; 12. Outlet connection valve; 13. Air pump; 14. Output port; 15. Filter block; 16. Mounting slot; 17. Activated carbon adsorption layer; 18. Molecular sieve adsorption layer; 19. Photocatalytic oxidation layer; 20. Medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton; 21. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-4 A multi-layer composite exhaust gas filtration structure, comprising:

[0023] The support base plate 1, the protective frame 2, and the support frame 3 are provided. The support base plate 1 is convex in shape. Multiple sets of equally spaced support feet are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base plate 1. The protective frame 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the support base plate 1. The protective frame 2 is located on both sides of the convex shape at the top of the support base plate 1. A set of vertical support frames 3 is fixedly installed in the center of the top of the wider side of the support base plate 1. A through round hole is opened in the center of the top of the support frame 3. A preliminary filtration structure is provided in the round hole at the top of the support frame 3. The controller 21 is fixedly connected to the side of the protective frame 2 on the side of the top of the support base plate 1 corresponding to the preliminary filtration structure.

[0024] The multi-layer filter assembly is installed on the top of the support base plate 1. The multi-layer filter assembly includes an installation structure, a filter structure and an output structure. The bottom of the installation structure is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate 1. The filter structure is fixedly connected inside the installation structure. The output structure is fixedly connected to the side of the installation structure away from the primary filter structure.

[0025] The pressurization structure is located on the top of the support base plate 1. One end of the pressurization structure is fixedly connected to the preliminary filter structure, and the other end is fixedly connected to the multi-layer filter structure.

[0026] Furthermore, the preliminary filtration structure includes a preliminary filter canister 4, an air inlet 5, and medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton 20. The preliminary filter canister 4 is fixedly installed in a circular hole at the top of the support frame 3. The interior of the preliminary filter canister 4 is hollow, and the bottom of the preliminary filter canister 4 is conical. An L-shaped air inlet 5 is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the preliminary filter canister 4. Multiple sets of medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton 20 arranged linearly in the longitudinal direction are fixedly installed inside the preliminary filter canister 4. A pressure relief port 9 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer wall of the preliminary filter canister 4. On the side of the controller 21, the hollow structure of the preliminary filter tank 4 can temporarily store exhaust gas, buffer intake fluctuations, and avoid airflow congestion. The L-shaped air intake connection port 5 can reduce the entry of external impurities and reduce airflow noise. The medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton 20 is longitudinally distributed to form multiple layers of interception. The upper layer blocks large particles and the lower layer intercepts small particles, extending the replacement cycle. Moreover, the material is tough and not easily deformed by airflow impact. The pressure relief port 9 faces the controller 21, which makes it easy for the controller 21 to monitor its opening status. When it is frequently opened, it can give a timely warning and prompt to check for impurity accumulation or abnormal airflow problems.

[0027] Furthermore, the pressurization structure includes a connecting outlet 6, a connecting pipe 7, and a pressurization pump 8. One end of the connecting outlet 6 is fixedly connected to the conical bottom side of the primary filter tank 4, and the other end of the connecting outlet 6 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 7. The pressurization pump 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the support base plate 1. One side of the pressurization pump 8 is fixedly connected to the connecting outlet 6 through the connecting pipe 7. A regulating valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting outlet 6. The connecting pipe 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the pressurization pump 8, and the other end of the connecting pipe 7 on the top of the pressurization pump 8 is fixedly connected to a regulating valve. The connecting outlet 6 and the regulating valve on the top of the pressurization pump 8 are linked and controlled by the controller 21. The opening degree can be adjusted synchronously according to the pressure inside the multi-layer filter box 10 to balance the pressure inside the box. The pressurization pump 8 is fixed on the support base plate 1, which helps to dissipate heat and reduce heat accumulation, thus extending its service life. The connection with the connecting pipe 7 is sealed to prevent exhaust gas leakage. The connecting pipe 7 is made of corrosion-resistant material, which is suitable for acidic and alkaline substances in the exhaust gas. The pipe diameter matches the equipment requirements to avoid excessive airflow resistance or excessively slow flow rate.

[0028] Furthermore, the installation structure includes a multi-layer filter box 10 and a top cover 11. The multi-layer filter box 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the smaller convex end of the supporting base plate 1. The interior of the multi-layer filter box 10 is hollow and cylindrical. The top cover 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the multi-layer filter box 10. The top center of the top of the top cover 11 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting pipe 7 on the top of the pressure pump 8. The cylindrical shape of the multi-layer filter box 10 allows for uniform diffusion of exhaust gas, avoids dead zones in airflow, and ensures uniform stress distribution, enabling it to withstand airflow pressure impact. The top cover 11 is detachably and sealed to the box body, facilitating filter layer replacement and preventing exhaust gas leakage. Its top interface is precisely aligned with the connecting pipe 7, reducing airflow resistance. The box body is fixed on the top of the smaller convex end of the supporting base plate 1, with reasonable spacing from other structures to avoid vibration interference and also providing maintenance space.

[0029] Furthermore, the output structure includes an outlet connection valve 12, a vacuum pump 13, and an output port 14. The outlet connection valve 12 is fixedly installed on the side of the multi-layer filter box 10 away from the primary filter tank 4, near the center of the bottom. The side of the outlet connection valve 12 is fixedly connected to the vacuum pump 13. The bottom of the vacuum pump 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate 1. The top of the vacuum pump 13 is fixedly installed with the output port 14. The top of the output port 14 is fixedly connected to a regulating valve. The outlet connection valve 12 is installed at the center of the bottom of the multi-layer filter box 10 to ensure that the exhaust gas is completely discharged and has one-way permeability to prevent backflow of air or untreated exhaust gas. The vacuum pump 13 is fixed on the support base plate 1 to reduce vibration and avoid loosening of the connection. The vacuum power can be adjusted by the controller 21 to achieve energy-saving operation. The valve at the top of the output port 14 can be connected to an external pipeline to match the exhaust pressure, and the material is corrosion-resistant to prevent residual pollutants from corroding the pipeline.

[0030] Furthermore, the filtration structure includes filter blocks 15 and mounting grooves 16. Filter blocks 15 are fixedly installed inside the multi-layer filter box 10 and are longitudinally equidistant and linearly distributed inside the multi-layer filter box 10. Mounting grooves 16 are opened on the side of the filter blocks 15, and multiple sets of circumferentially distributed through holes are opened on the top of the filter blocks 15. Activated carbon adsorption layer 17 is fixedly installed in the mounting groove 16 on the side of the top filter block 15, molecular sieve adsorption layer 18 is fixedly installed in the middle mounting groove 16, and photocatalytic oxidation layer 19 is fixedly installed in the bottom mounting groove 16. Activated carbon adsorption layer 17, molecular sieve adsorption layer 18, and molecular sieve adsorption layer 19 are fixedly installed in the bottom mounting groove 16. Multiple sets of through-holes are opened on the top of the adsorption layer 18 and the photocatalytic oxidation layer 19. The filter blocks 15 are evenly distributed to form a uniform purification zone. The spacing is calculated to ensure that the exhaust gas is in full contact with the filter layer. The embedded design of the mounting slot 16 facilitates the installation of the filter layer and can be adjusted to adapt to different specifications of materials, improving the versatility of the device. The diameter of the through holes on the top of the filter block 15 is designed according to the requirements of the filter layer. The large diameter of the upper layer helps the exhaust gas to enter the activated carbon layer quickly, while the small diameter of the lower layer prolongs the residence time of the exhaust gas in the photocatalytic layer. The round holes on the top of each filter layer are aligned with the through holes of the filter block to ensure smooth flow of exhaust gas.

[0031] Structural Description:

[0032] Support base plate 1: It is convex in shape, with equidistant support feet at the bottom and protective frame 2 and support frame 3 installed on the top, which provides stable support for the whole device. The convex layout also realizes the partitioning of each structure to avoid operational interference.

[0033] Protective frame 2: On the two convex sides of the top of the support base plate 1, it is used to protect the core components such as the primary filter tank 4 and the multi-layer filter box 10 to prevent damage from external collisions. The controller 21 is also connected to the side.

[0034] Support frame 3: It is vertically installed at the center of the top of the wider side of the support base plate 1, and has a through round hole at the top for fixing the primary filter tank 4 to ensure its stable position during the filtration process;

[0035] Preliminary filter tank 4: hollow and conical at the bottom, installed in the round hole of the support frame 3, connected to the air inlet 5 at the top, with medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton 20 inside and a pressure relief port 9 on the outside, used for preliminary filtration of exhaust gas.

[0036] Air inlet 5: L-shaped, connected to the center of the top of the primary filter tank 4, is the exhaust gas input channel, which can reduce the amount of external impurities falling into the tank and also reduce airflow noise;

[0037] Outlet 6: One end is connected to the bottom side of the primary filter tank 4, and the other end is connected to the connecting pipe 7. There is a regulating valve on the outside, which is used to transport the pre-filtered exhaust gas to the pressurization structure.

[0038] Connecting pipe 7: Connects to outlet 6, booster pump 8 and top cover 11. It is made of corrosion-resistant material, and the pipe diameter is adapted to the equipment requirements. It is used to stably transmit exhaust gas, and the connection is sealed to prevent leakage.

[0039] Pressure pump 8: It is installed on the top of the support base plate 1 and is connected to the outlet 6 and the top cover 11 through the connecting pipe 7. There is an adjustment valve on the top for pressurizing the exhaust gas to ensure that it flows steadily into the multi-layer filter box 10.

[0040] Pressure relief port 9: Located on the upper part of the outer wall of the primary filter tank 4 and facing the controller 21, it automatically releases air when the pressure inside the tank is abnormal, maintaining pressure stability and facilitating the controller 21 to monitor its status.

[0041] Multi-layer filter box 10: cylindrical hollow structure, installed on the top of the small convex end of the supporting base plate 1, with a top cover 11 on the top, and a filter structure inside for deep purification of exhaust gas.

[0042] Top cover 11: Installed on the top of the multi-layer filter box 10, with a central connecting pipe 7 for the pressure pump 8. It is detachable and sealed, making it easy to replace the filter layer and preventing exhaust gas leakage.

[0043] Outlet connection valve 12: installed on the bottom center of the side of the multi-layer filter box 10 away from the primary filter tank 4, connected to the air pump 13, with one-way flow to ensure exhaust gas is completely discharged and prevent backflow.

[0044] Air pump 13: mounted on the top of the support base plate 1, connected to the outlet valve 12 and the output port 14, provides suction force to accelerate the discharge of exhaust gas, and the power can be adjusted by the controller 21;

[0045] Output port 14: Installed on top of the air pump 13, with a regulating valve at the top. Made of corrosion-resistant material, it is used to discharge purified waste gas and can be connected to external pipes and matched with exhaust pressure.

[0046] Filter block 15: It is installed longitudinally at equal intervals in the multi-layer filter box 10, with mounting grooves 16 on the side and circumferential through holes on the top, for installing filter layers and guiding the exhaust gas to flow layer by layer.

[0047] Installation slot 16: It is located on the side of the filter block 15 and is an embedded design. It can be embedded with filter layers such as activated carbon adsorption layer 17, and its size can be adjusted to adapt to different specifications of filter materials.

[0048] Activated carbon adsorption layer 17: installed in the mounting groove 16 of the top filter block 15, with through round holes at the top, using the porous structure to quickly adsorb organic pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0049] Molecular sieve adsorption layer 18: installed in the mounting groove 16 of the middle filter block 15, with a through round hole at the top, which traps small molecule pollutants that are difficult for activated carbon to adsorb by means of precise pore size.

[0050] Photocatalytic oxidation layer 19: installed in the mounting slot 16 of the bottom filter block 15, with a through round hole at the top, decomposes residual toxic gases into harmless substances, and achieves complete purification of waste gas.

[0051] Medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton 20: It is longitudinally linearly installed in the primary filter tank 4. The pleated structure expands the filtration area, intercepts large particles of impurities in multiple layers, and the material is tough and not easily deformed.

[0052] Controller 21: Connected to the side of the top protective frame 2 of the support base plate 1, facing the pressure relief port 9, it monitors the operating parameters of the device in real time, controls the regulating valve in linkage, and can also issue maintenance warnings;

[0053] Working Principle: First, the industrial waste gas to be treated enters the device through the air inlet 5 at the top of the preliminary filter tank 4. Multiple sets of medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton 20, arranged linearly in the longitudinal direction inside the preliminary filter tank 4, immediately begin preliminary purification. Utilizing its pleated structure, it expands the filtration area, effectively intercepting large particles of dust, debris, and other impurities mixed in the waste gas, preventing clogging of the subsequent fine filtration layer and reducing purification efficiency. Simultaneously, the conical design at the bottom of the preliminary filter tank 4 guides the filtered waste gas to gather at the bottom, facilitating subsequent transport. During this process, if the pressure inside the preliminary filter tank 4 abnormally increases due to airflow fluctuations or impurity accumulation, the pressure relief port 9 on the upper part of its outer wall will automatically open to release air, maintaining stable pressure inside the tank and preventing damage to the device due to excessive pressure. This causes airflow turbulence, while the controller 21 monitors the operating parameters of the preliminary filter tank 4 in real time, providing data support for the linkage of various structures. After the exhaust gas completes the preliminary filtration, it enters the connecting pipe 7 through the connecting outlet 6 on the conical bottom side of the preliminary filter tank 4. At this time, the regulating valve on the outer surface of the connecting outlet 6 can adjust the opening according to the exhaust gas flow requirements to control the air flow into the pressurization structure. Subsequently, the exhaust gas is transported to the pressurization pump 8 through the connecting pipe 7. After the pressurization pump 8 starts, it pressurizes the exhaust gas, ensuring that the exhaust gas has sufficient pressure to flow through the subsequent multi-layer filtration components through stable power output. At the same time, the regulating valve at the end of the connecting pipe 7 at the top of the pressurization pump 8 cooperates with the regulating valve at the connecting outlet 6 to precisely control the transmission flow rate of the exhaust gas, avoiding filtration failure due to excessive flow rate. Insufficient flow or excessively slow flow rate affects treatment efficiency. The pressurized exhaust gas is transported through the connecting pipe 7 to the interface in the center of the top cover 11 of the multi-layer filter box 10, and then enters the multi-layer filter box 10 to begin deep purification. Inside the multi-layer filter box 10, the longitudinally equidistant filter blocks 15 guide the exhaust gas to flow downwards layer by layer through the circumferentially distributed through holes at the top, achieving full contact between the exhaust gas and each filter layer: First, the activated carbon adsorption layer 17 in the mounting groove 16 on the side of the top filter block 15 utilizes the porous structure of activated carbon to quickly adsorb volatile organic compounds, benzene series compounds and other organic pollutants in the exhaust gas, completing the first round of deep purification. Then, the exhaust gas treated by the activated carbon adsorption layer 17 continues to flow downwards and enters the mounting groove 16 of the middle filter block 15. The molecular sieve adsorption layer 18, with its precise pore structure, further traps small molecules and polar gases that are difficult to adsorb by activated carbon, overcoming the limitations of traditional single activated carbon filtration. Finally, the waste gas flows to the photocatalytic oxidation layer 19 in the mounting groove 16 of the bottom filter block 15. This layer decomposes residual toxic and harmful gases into harmless substances such as water and carbon dioxide, achieving thorough purification of the waste gas. The through-holes at the top of each filter layer ensure smooth flow of waste gas without local stagnation. After deep purification, the outlet connection valve 12 on the side of the multi-layer filter box 10 away from the primary filter tank 4 opens, delivering the purified waste gas to the suction pump 13. After the suction pump 13 starts, it provides stable suction force, accelerating the discharge of the purified waste gas.Simultaneously, to prevent the purified exhaust gas from accumulating within the multi-layer filter box 10, the exhaust gas meeting emission standards is ultimately discharged through the outlet 14 at the top of the suction pump 13. The regulating valve at the top of the outlet 14 can control the exhaust volume according to subsequent emission requirements, ensuring a stable and controllable emission process.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-layer composite exhaust filter structure, characterized by, include: The support base plate (1), the protective frame (2) and the support frame (3) are provided. The support base plate (1) is convex in shape. Multiple sets of equally spaced support feet are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base plate (1). The protective frame (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the support base plate (1). The protective frame (2) is located on the top of the convex shape on both sides of the support base plate (1). A set of vertical support frames (3) is fixedly installed in the center of the top of the wider side of the support base plate (1). A through round hole is opened in the center of the top of the support frame (3). A preliminary filtration structure is provided in the round hole at the top of the support frame (3). A controller (21) is fixedly connected to the side of the protective frame (2) on the side of the support base plate (1) corresponding to the preliminary filtration structure. The multi-layer filter assembly is set on the top of the support base plate (1). The multi-layer filter assembly includes an installation structure, a filter structure and an output structure. The bottom of the installation structure is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate (1). The filter structure is fixedly connected inside the installation structure. The output structure is fixedly connected to the side of the installation structure away from the initial filter structure. A pressurizing structure is set on the top of the supporting base plate (1), one end of which is fixedly connected to the preliminary filter structure and the other end is fixedly connected to the multi-layer filter structure.

2. The multi-layer composite exhaust filter structure of claim 1, wherein, The preliminary filtration structure includes a preliminary filter canister (4), an air inlet (5), and a medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton (20). The preliminary filter canister (4) is fixedly installed in a circular hole at the top of the support frame (3). The interior of the preliminary filter canister (4) is hollow, and the bottom of the preliminary filter canister (4) is conical. An L-shaped air inlet (5) is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the preliminary filter canister (4). Multiple sets of medium-efficiency pleated filter cotton (20) arranged linearly in the longitudinal direction are fixedly installed inside the preliminary filter canister (4). A pressure relief port (9) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the outer side wall of the preliminary filter canister (4). The pressure relief port (9) is on the side of the preliminary filter canister (4) facing the controller (21).

3. A multi-layer composite exhaust filter structure according to claim 2, wherein, The pressurization structure includes a connecting outlet (6), a connecting pipe (7), and a pressurization pump (8). One end of the connecting outlet (6) is fixedly connected to the conical bottom side of the preliminary filter tank (4), and the other end of the connecting outlet (6) is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (7). The pressurization pump (8) is fixedly installed on the top of the support base plate (1). One side end of the pressurization pump (8) is fixedly connected to the connecting outlet (6) through the connecting pipe (7). A regulating valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting outlet (6). The connecting pipe (7) is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the pressurization pump (8), and the other end of the connecting pipe (7) at the top of the pressurization pump (8) is fixedly connected to a regulating valve.

4. The multi-layer composite exhaust filtration structure of claim 3, wherein, The installation structure includes a multi-layer filter box (10) and a top cover (11). The multi-layer filter box (10) is fixedly installed on the top of the smaller convex end of the support base plate (1). The interior of the multi-layer filter box (10) is hollow. The multi-layer filter box (10) is cylindrical. The top cover (11) is fixedly installed on the top of the multi-layer filter box (10). The top center of the top of the top cover (11) is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting pipe (7) on the top of the pressure pump (8).

5. A multi-layer composite exhaust filter structure according to claim 4, wherein, The output structure includes an outlet connection valve (12), a vacuum pump (13), and an output port (14). The outlet connection valve (12) is fixedly installed on the side of the multi-layer filter box (10) away from the primary filter tank (4) near the bottom center. The side of the outlet connection valve (12) is fixedly connected to the vacuum pump (13). The bottom of the vacuum pump (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate (1). The top of the vacuum pump (13) is fixedly installed with an output port (14). The top of the output port (14) is fixedly connected to a regulating valve.

6. The multi-layer composite exhaust filtration structure of claim 4, wherein, The filter structure includes a filter block (15) and an installation groove (16). The filter block (15) is fixedly installed inside the multi-layer filter box (10) and is longitudinally equidistant and linearly distributed inside the multi-layer filter box (10). The side of the filter block (15) is provided with an installation groove (16). The top of the filter block (15) is provided with multiple sets of circumferentially distributed through holes. The top of the filter block (15) is fixedly installed with an activated carbon adsorption layer (17). The middle of the installation groove (16) is fixedly installed with a molecular sieve adsorption layer (18). The bottom of the installation groove (16) is fixedly installed with a photocatalytic oxidation layer (19). The tops of the activated carbon adsorption layer (17), the molecular sieve adsorption layer (18), and the photocatalytic oxidation layer (19) are all provided with multiple sets of through holes.

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