A reaction device for carbon conversion
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-14
AI Technical Summary
频繁停机不仅造成年有效运行时间缩短，还因温度骤变产生热应力，降低反应管使用寿命，间接增加设备维护成本
[0014]本实用新型的技术方案至少具有如下优点和有益效果：本实用新型的用于碳转化的反应装置，在使用时将催化剂预先注入到反应管中，通过加热装置对反应管进行加热，通过第一进气管将碳源（如二氧化碳、甲烷等）送入到各个反应管中，在高温下进行反应后通过第一排气管排出。在反应过程中在反应管中会逐渐产生积碳，此时可以通过第二进气管单独向其中一个或多个反应管中通入氧气（或水），并且提高加热装置的加热温度（在清理积碳的过程中不通入碳源），使得反应管中的积碳生产二氧化碳（或一氧化碳和氢气），并从第二排气管排出，清理完成后，降低加热装置的问题，重新通入碳源进行反应即可，通过本装置，可以独立的对每个反应管进行除碳操作，除碳过程中不需要打开反应器，其他反应器可以正常进行反应，可以保证反应的连续进行。
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Figure CN224628954U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of carbon conversion, and more specifically, to a reaction apparatus for carbon conversion. Background Technology
[0002] Carbon conversion technology transforms carbon sources such as carbon dioxide and methane into high-value-added chemicals through high-temperature catalytic reactions, representing a key pathway for the efficient utilization of carbon resources. Among these technologies, tubular reactors are widely used due to their simple structure and controllable reaction pathways. Their core principle involves fixing a catalyst inside a high-temperature alloy reaction tube. Under high temperature and pressure conditions, the carbon source gas flows across the catalyst surface, undergoing chemical bond reconstruction, and ultimately outputting syngas or liquid fuel from the end of the reaction tube. However, the unavoidable carbon buildup during the reaction process severely restricts the efficiency of the equipment. When hydrocarbons are cracked at high temperatures, they generate solid carbon particles, which gradually deposit on the inner wall of the reaction tube and the surface of the catalyst, forming a coke layer of uneven thickness. This carbon buildup not only reduces the cross-sectional area of the reaction channel and increases gas flow resistance, but also covers the active sites of the catalyst, leading to a decrease in reaction conversion rate. To maintain stable system operation, regular carbon buildup removal is necessary. Traditional methods require 8-12 hour downtime cycles, while chemical cleaning necessitates heating to a specific temperature range before injecting the cleaning agent. Frequent downtime not only shortens the annual effective operating time but also generates thermal stress due to sudden temperature changes, reducing the lifespan of the reaction tubes and indirectly increasing equipment maintenance costs. Therefore, a more efficient reaction device can be designed. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reaction apparatus for carbon conversion that can efficiently remove partial carbon from the reaction tube.
[0004] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: The reaction device for carbon conversion of this utility model includes multiple reactors distributed and interconnected in a vertical direction, a first inlet pipe, a second inlet pipe, a first exhaust pipe, and a second exhaust pipe; the reactor includes a reaction chamber, a heating device disposed in the reaction chamber, and a reaction tube disposed in the reaction chamber; both ends of the reaction tube pass through the reaction chamber and extend outward; the first inlet pipe is simultaneously connected to one end of the multiple reaction tubes, and the first exhaust pipe is simultaneously connected to the other end of the multiple reaction tubes; the second inlet pipe is simultaneously connected to the side wall of one end of the multiple reaction tubes, and the second exhaust pipe is simultaneously connected to the side wall of the other end of the multiple reaction tubes.
[0005] Furthermore, a first valve is provided at the connection between the reaction pipe and the first intake pipe, and a second valve is provided at the connection between the reaction pipe and the first exhaust pipe.
[0006] Furthermore, the reaction pipe has a first branch pipe on one side wall near the first intake pipe, and a second branch pipe on one side wall near the first exhaust pipe; the first valve is located between the first intake pipe and the first branch pipe, and the second valve is located between the first exhaust pipe and the second branch pipe; the second intake pipe is simultaneously connected to the ends of multiple first branch pipes away from the reaction pipe, and the second exhaust pipe is simultaneously connected to the ends of multiple second branch pipes away from the reaction pipe.
[0007] Furthermore, a third valve is provided on the first branch pipe, and a fourth valve is provided on the second branch pipe.
[0008] Furthermore, the reaction chamber includes an annular outer heat insulation ring, an annular inner heat insulation ring, an upper heat insulation ring horizontally disposed above the outer heat insulation ring, and a lower heat insulation ring horizontally disposed below the outer heat insulation ring; the inner heat insulation rings in the plurality of reactors are coaxially arranged; the outer heat insulation ring, the inner heat insulation ring, the upper heat insulation ring, and the lower heat insulation ring enclose a reaction cavity, and the reaction tube is disposed in the reaction cavity, with both ends of the reaction tube passing through the outer heat insulation ring.
[0009] Furthermore, the heating device includes an annular heating plate disposed within the reaction chamber.
[0010] Furthermore, the reaction tube is arranged in a spiral shape within the reaction chamber.
[0011] Furthermore, the heating plate is disposed between the reaction tube and the inner heat insulation ring, and the heating plate is attached to the inner heat insulation ring.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling device; the cooling device includes a water tank slidably disposed on the inner wall of the inner heat insulation ring, a drive rod connected to the upper end of the water tank, a lifting device connected to the drive rod, a water inlet pipe communicating with the inside of the water tank, and a drain pipe communicating with the inside of the water tank; the length of the water tank is less than the length of the inner heat insulation ring, and the outer wall of the water tank is attached to the inner wall of the inner heat insulation ring.
[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the drain pipe is located near the bottom wall of the water tank, and the lower end of the inlet pipe is located near the top wall of the water tank.
[0014] The technical solution of this utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: In the reaction apparatus for carbon conversion, a catalyst is pre-injected into the reaction tubes, which are then heated by a heating device. A carbon source (such as carbon dioxide, methane, etc.) is introduced into each reaction tube through a first inlet pipe. After the reaction at high temperature, the carbon is discharged through a first exhaust pipe. During the reaction, carbon deposits gradually form in the reaction tubes. At this time, oxygen (or water) can be introduced into one or more reaction tubes individually through a second inlet pipe, and the heating temperature of the heating device is increased (no carbon source is introduced during the carbon deposit removal process). This causes the carbon deposits in the reaction tubes to produce carbon dioxide (or carbon monoxide and hydrogen), which is then discharged through the second exhaust pipe. After cleaning, the heating device is depressurized, and the carbon source is reintroduced for the reaction. This apparatus allows for independent decarbonization of each reaction tube without opening the reactor during the decarbonization process, while other reactors can continue to react normally, ensuring continuous reaction. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reaction apparatus for carbon conversion provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a reaction apparatus for carbon conversion provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the reactor section provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reaction tube portion provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tank provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0016] Icons: 10-Reactor, 11-Reaction Chamber, 111-Outer Insulation Plate, 112-Inner Insulation Ring, 113-Upper Insulation Ring, 114-Lower Insulation Ring, 12-Heating Plate, 13-Reaction Tube, 14-First Valve, 15-Second Valve, 16-First Branch Pipe, 17-Second Branch Pipe, 18-Third Valve, 19-Fourth Valve, 21-First Inlet Pipe, 22-Second Inlet Pipe, 23-First Exhaust Pipe, 24-Second Exhaust Pipe, 30-Cooling Device, 31-Water Tank, 32-Drive Rod, 33-Drain Pipe, 34-Water Inlet Pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0017] Example The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, further illustrates the point, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5As shown, the reaction apparatus for carbon conversion in this embodiment includes multiple reactors 10 distributed vertically and interconnected, a first inlet pipe 21, a second inlet pipe 22, a first exhaust pipe 23, and a second exhaust pipe 24. Each reactor 10 includes a reaction chamber 11, a heating device disposed within the reaction chamber 11, and reaction tubes 13 disposed within the reaction chamber 11. Both ends of the reaction tubes 13 pass through the reaction chamber 11 and extend outwards. The first inlet pipe 21 is simultaneously connected to one end of each of the multiple reaction tubes 13, and the first exhaust pipe 23 is simultaneously connected to the other end of each of the multiple reaction tubes 13. The second inlet pipe 22 is simultaneously connected to the sidewall of one end of each of the multiple reaction tubes 13, and the second exhaust pipe 24 is simultaneously connected to the sidewall of the other end of each of the multiple reaction tubes 13. Specifically, during use, a catalyst is pre-injected into the reaction tubes 13, the reaction tubes 13 are heated by the heating device, and a carbon source (such as carbon dioxide, methane, etc.) is introduced into each reaction tube 13 through the first inlet pipe 21. After reacting at high temperature, the carbon is discharged through the first exhaust pipe 23. During the reaction, carbon deposits will gradually form in the reaction tube 13. At this time, oxygen (or water) can be introduced into one or more reaction tubes 13 individually through the second air inlet pipe 22, and the heating temperature of the heating device can be increased (no carbon source is introduced during the carbon removal process). This causes the carbon deposits in the reaction tube 13 to produce carbon dioxide (or carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and be discharged from the second exhaust pipe 24. After cleaning, the heating device can be reduced, and the carbon source can be reintroduced to continue the reaction. With this device, each reaction tube 13 can be decarbonized independently. During the decarbonization process, it is not necessary to open the reactor 10. Other reactors 10 can continue to react normally, ensuring the continuous progress of the reaction.
[0018] In this embodiment, a first valve 14 is provided at the connection between the reaction pipe 13 and the first intake pipe 21, and a second valve 15 is provided at the connection between the reaction pipe 13 and the first exhaust pipe 23. A first branch pipe 16 is provided on the side wall of the reaction pipe 13 near the first intake pipe 21, and a second branch pipe 17 is provided on the side wall of the reaction pipe 13 near the first exhaust pipe 23. The first valve 14 is located between the first intake pipe 21 and the first branch pipe 16, and the second valve 15 is located between the first exhaust pipe 23 and the second branch pipe 17. The second intake pipe 22 is simultaneously connected to the ends of multiple first branch pipes 16 away from the reaction pipe 13, and the second exhaust pipe 24 is simultaneously connected to the ends of multiple second branch pipes 17 away from the reaction pipe 13. A third valve 18 is provided on the first branch pipe 16, and a fourth valve 19 is provided on the second branch pipe 17. Specifically, during normal reaction, the third valve 18 and the fourth valve 19 are closed, while the first valve 14 and the second valve 15 are open. At this time, the carbon source enters the reaction tube 13 through the first inlet pipe 21 and is discharged through the first exhaust pipe 23 after the reaction is complete. When decarbonization is required, the first valve 14 is closed, the second valve 15 is closed, the third valve 18 is open, and the fourth valve 19 is open. Oxygen is introduced through the second inlet pipe 22, and the heating device increases the temperature, causing the oxygen to react with the carbon deposits to produce carbon dioxide. The waste gas is then discharged separately through the second exhaust pipe 24. After decarbonization is complete, the system returns to its previous state.
[0019] In this embodiment, the reaction chamber 11 includes an annular outer heat insulation ring, an annular inner heat insulation ring 112, an upper heat insulation ring 113 horizontally positioned above the outer heat insulation ring, and a lower heat insulation ring 114 horizontally positioned below the outer heat insulation ring. The inner heat insulation rings 112 in the multiple reactors 10 are coaxially arranged. The outer heat insulation ring, inner heat insulation ring 112, upper heat insulation ring 113, and lower heat insulation ring 114 enclose the reaction chamber, and the reaction tube 13 is disposed in the reaction chamber, with both ends of the reaction tube 13 passing through the outer heat insulation ring. Specifically, the heat generated by the heating device is enclosed by the outer heat insulation ring, inner heat insulation ring 112, upper heat insulation ring 113, and lower heat insulation ring 114, reducing heat leakage and also reducing the heat influence between reactors 10 (the temperature needs to be increased during decarbonization, so good insulation is necessary to avoid affecting adjacent reactors 10).
[0020] The heating device in this embodiment includes an annular heating plate 12 disposed within the reaction chamber. The reaction tube 13 is spirally disposed within the reaction chamber. Specifically, the spiral-shaped reaction tube 13 has a longer reaction space, allowing the annular heating plate 12 to better heat the reaction tube 13.
[0021] In this embodiment, the heating plate 12 is disposed between the reaction tube 13 and the inner heat insulation ring 112, and the heating plate 12 is attached to the inner heat insulation ring 112. It also includes a cooling device 30; the cooling device 30 includes a water tank 31 slidably disposed on the inner wall of the inner heat insulation ring 112, a drive rod 32 connected to the upper end of the water tank 31, a lifting device connected to the drive rod 32, a water inlet pipe 34 communicating with the inside of the water tank 31, and a drain pipe 33 communicating with the inside of the water tank 31; the length of the water tank 31 is less than the length of the inner heat insulation ring 112, and the outer wall of the water tank 31 is attached to the inner wall of the inner heat insulation ring 112. Specifically, the temperature needs to be raised during decarbonization. After decarbonization is completed, the temperature needs to be lowered to the reaction temperature. Therefore, the cooling device 30 can be used to reduce the waiting time for cooling. When cooling is required, the lifting device is used to move the water tank 31 into the inner heat insulation ring 112 of the reactor 10 that needs to be cooled. Then, the cooling water is sent into the water tank 31 through the water inlet pipe 34 through the water supply device. After exchanging heat with the inner heat insulation ring 112, it is discharged through the drain pipe 33. This can achieve precise cooling of a single reactor 10, and the water tank 31 can be completely removed from the reactor 10 when cooling is not required.
[0022] In this embodiment, the lower end of the drain pipe 33 is located near the bottom wall of the water tank 31, and the lower end of the inlet pipe 34 is located near the top wall of the water tank 31.
[0023] In summary, the reaction apparatus for carbon conversion in this embodiment pre-injects the catalyst into the reaction tubes 13, heats the reaction tubes 13 using a heating device, and introduces a carbon source (such as carbon dioxide, methane, etc.) into each reaction tube 13 through the first inlet pipe 21. After the reaction at high temperature, the carbon is discharged through the first exhaust pipe 23. During the reaction, carbon deposits gradually form in the reaction tubes 13. At this time, oxygen (or water) can be introduced into one or more reaction tubes 13 individually through the second inlet pipe 22, and the heating temperature of the heating device is increased (no carbon source is introduced during the carbon deposit removal process). This causes the carbon deposits in the reaction tubes 13 to produce carbon dioxide (or carbon monoxide and hydrogen), which is then discharged through the second exhaust pipe 24. After cleaning, the heating device is depressurized, and the carbon source is reintroduced for the reaction. With this apparatus, each reaction tube 13 can be decarbonized independently without opening the reactor 10 during the decarbonization process, while other reactors 10 can continue to react normally, ensuring the continuous progress of the reaction.
[0024] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A reaction apparatus for carbon conversion, characterized in that: It includes multiple reactors (10) distributed vertically and interconnected, a first air inlet pipe (21), a second air inlet pipe (22), a first exhaust pipe (23), and a second exhaust pipe (24); The reactor (10) includes a reaction chamber (11), a heating device disposed in the reaction chamber (11), and a reaction tube (13) disposed in the reaction chamber (11); Both ends of the reaction tube (13) pass through the reaction chamber (11) and extend outward; The first intake pipe (21) is connected to one end of one of the plurality of reaction pipes (13), and the first exhaust pipe (23) is connected to the other end of one of the plurality of reaction pipes (13); The second intake pipe (22) is simultaneously connected to one end sidewall of one of the plurality of reaction pipes (13), and the second exhaust pipe (24) is simultaneously connected to the other end sidewall of one of the plurality of reaction pipes (13).
2. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first valve (14) is provided at the connection between the reaction pipe (13) and the first air inlet pipe (21), and a second valve (15) is provided at the connection between the reaction pipe (13) and the first exhaust pipe (23).
3. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaction tube (13) has a first branch pipe (16) on one end side wall near the first intake pipe (21), and the reaction tube (13) has a second branch pipe (17) on one end side wall near the first exhaust pipe (23). The first valve (14) is located between the first intake pipe (21) and the first branch pipe (16), and the second valve (15) is located between the first exhaust pipe (23) and the second branch pipe (17). The second intake pipe (22) is simultaneously connected to one end of one of the first branch pipes (16) away from the reaction pipe (13), and the second exhaust pipe (24) is simultaneously connected to one end of one of the second branch pipes (17) away from the reaction pipe (13).
4. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first branch pipe (16) is provided with a third valve (18), and the second branch pipe (17) is provided with a fourth valve (19).
5. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction chamber (11) includes an annular outer heat insulation ring, an annular inner heat insulation ring (112), an upper heat insulation ring (113) horizontally disposed at the upper end of the outer heat insulation ring, and a lower heat insulation ring (114) horizontally disposed at the lower end of the outer heat insulation ring. The inner heat insulation rings (112) in the plurality of reactors (10) are coaxially arranged; the outer heat insulation ring, the inner heat insulation ring (112), the upper heat insulation ring (113), and the lower heat insulation ring (114) enclose a reaction chamber, and the reaction tube (13) is disposed in the reaction chamber, with both ends of the reaction tube (13) passing through the outer heat insulation ring.
6. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating device includes an annular heating plate (12) disposed within the reaction chamber.
7. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reaction tube (13) is spirally arranged in the reaction chamber.
8. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating plate (12) is located between the reaction tube (13) and the inner heat insulation ring (112), and the heating plate (12) is attached to the inner heat insulation ring (112).
9. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling device (30); the cooling device (30) includes a water tank (31) slidably disposed on the inner wall of the inner heat insulation ring (112), a drive rod (32) connected to the upper end of the water tank (31), a lifting device connected to the drive rod (32), a water inlet pipe (34) communicating with the inside of the water tank (31), and a drain pipe (33) communicating with the inside of the water tank (31); The length of the water tank (31) is less than the length of the inner heat insulation ring (112), and the outer wall of the water tank (31) is attached to the inner wall of the inner heat insulation ring (112).
10. The reaction apparatus for carbon conversion according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end of the drain pipe (33) is located near the bottom wall of the water tank (31), and the lower end of the inlet pipe (34) is located near the top wall of the water tank (31).