A water-cooled nozzle and welding torch with a coating

Abstract

This utility model discloses a water-cooled nozzle and welding torch with a coating, comprising a first section and a second section that are detachably and fixedly connected. Both the first and second sections have hollow, through-holes and inlets and outlets respectively located at both ends of the inlets. The inlets of the second and first sections are connected and can accommodate the welding torch head. The inlet of the second section is used to connect to the welding torch, and the outlet of the second section is detachably connected to the inlet of the first section. A cooling water channel is connected to the side wall of the second section, and the cooling water channel communicates with the inlet of the second section. The direct-insertion water channel design eliminates the need for external water pipes, ensuring a secure connection and saving space. Both the inner and outer surfaces of the first and second sections are covered with a coating. The double-sided composite coating fully covers the inner and outer walls of the nozzle and the threaded connections, eliminating the blind spots of traditional single-sided spraying. The coating achieves high-temperature non-stick properties, easy cleaning (welding slag automatically falls off upon light contact), and long-term protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of welding protection technology, specifically relating to a water-cooled nozzle and welding torch with a coating. Background Technology

[0002] A welding torch is the part used to perform welding operations during the welding process. It is flexible, convenient, quick, and the process is simple. The welding torch utilizes the heat generated by the high current and high voltage of the welding machine, which is concentrated at the tip of the torch to melt the welding wire. The molten welding wire penetrates into the area to be welded, and after cooling, the welded objects are firmly joined together.

[0003] Welding torches have been widely used in the field of welding technology. Among them, the welding nozzle is the main component of the welding torch and is the source of gas protection. During use, the gas ejected from the welding nozzle must be a pointed cone with a smaller top and a larger bottom, evenly covering the surface of the molten pool. In the past, water-cooled nozzles often used the form of additional pipeline connection. The nozzle required an additional connector for connecting the water pipe, which was bulky and difficult to reach the welding position when used for narrow gap welding.

[0004] Traditionally, water-cooled nozzles were machined, with the water channel consisting of two separately machined half-grooves brazed together. This structure, subjected to repeated high temperatures during welding and rapid cooling after welding, is prone to weld breakage and leakage at the brazed joints. Furthermore, traditional gas-shielded welding nozzles, to reduce costs, are often made of brazed and aluminum alloys with chrome plating. While possessing some high-temperature resistance, they still exhibit the following drawbacks during prolonged high-temperature welding operations:

[0005] 1. External flexible hose connections occupy a large radial space, affecting operations in confined spaces;

[0006] 2. Brazed water channels are prone to cracking under thermal cycling;

[0007] 3. The cost of replacing the entire nozzle is high.

[0008] 4. Existing nozzles are prone to splattering and are difficult to clean.

[0009] Furthermore, existing split nozzles lack a dedicated self-locking structure and rely solely on threaded connections, making them prone to loosening and detachment under vibration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a water-cooled nozzle that is compact, reliably connected, and has low maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a water-cooled nozzle and welding torch with a coating, which does not require additional water channels and solves the problems of bulky structure, easy leakage and high maintenance cost of traditional nozzles.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives / to solve the above technical problems, this utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] This utility model provides a water-cooled nozzle with a coating, comprising a first section and a second section that are detachably and fixedly connected;

[0013] Both the first and second sections are provided with hollow and through-through inner holes and inlets and outlets respectively located at both ends of the inner holes; the inner holes of the second section and the first section can communicate with each other and accommodate the welding torch head to extend into.

[0014] The inlet of the second section is used to connect to the welding torch, and the outlet of the second section can be detachably connected to the inlet of the first section;

[0015] The second section has a cooling water passage connected to its side wall, and the cooling water passage is connected to the inner hole of the second section.

[0016] The above setup achieves the following effects: the direct-insertion water circuit design eliminates the need for external water pipes, ensuring a secure connection and saving space. Furthermore, damage from high-temperature spatter and welding slag cleaning is primarily concentrated in the first section of the nozzle. The nozzle is used as a consumable (with a lifespan far shorter than the welding torch itself) because the aforementioned damage rapidly depletes its usability. This structure employs a two-section design, with the first section detachably connected to the more expensive second section, which has a water circuit. Even if there are defects in the brazing quality, it will not cause a reduction in water cooling performance or other quality issues. When replacing consumables, only the inexpensive first section of the nozzle needs to be replaced; simply removing and replacing it with a new first section significantly reduces the total cost of consumables.

[0017] Furthermore, both the inner and outer surfaces of the first segment and / or the second segment are covered with a coating.

[0018] The above setup achieves the following effects: A double-sided composite coating covers the entire inner and outer walls of the nozzle, as well as threaded connections, eliminating blind spots associated with traditional single-sided spraying. The coating provides high-temperature non-stick properties, easy cleaning (weld slag automatically detaches upon light contact), and long-lasting protection.

[0019] Furthermore, the coating is a modified Teflon coating;

[0020] The coating thickness is 130-150μm, and the surface roughness Ra≤0.2μm.

[0021] The above settings achieve the following effects: the coating has the following advantages:

[0022] Improved high-temperature resistance: High temperatures are generated during welding. The coating can effectively resist high-temperature corrosion, reduce problems such as nozzle deformation and melting caused by high temperatures, and extend its service life.

[0023] Enhanced wear resistance: During welding, the nozzle may rub against the workpiece or other objects. The coating can increase the hardness and wear resistance of the nozzle surface, reducing the degree of wear.

[0024] Reduce spatter adhesion: Welding spatter easily adheres to the nozzle, affecting weld quality and nozzle usability. A coating makes the nozzle surface smoother, reducing spatter adhesion and facilitating cleaning and maintenance.

[0025] Improved thermal conductivity: Water-cooled nozzles require good thermal conductivity to dissipate heat in a timely manner. The coating can optimize the heat conduction path, improve heat dissipation efficiency, and ensure that the nozzle maintains a suitable temperature during operation.

[0026] Enhancing insulation performance: In some welding scenarios, the nozzle needs to have certain insulation properties. The coating can play an insulating role, prevent current leakage, and ensure welding safety.

[0027] Furthermore, the second section is integrally formed with the cooling water channel.

[0028] The above-mentioned design achieves the following effect: This utility model is a new type of water-cooled nozzle for a dual-wire welding torch. It features a two-section design: the first section is molded from copper, which is low-cost; the second section is 3D printed from chromium zirconium copper, which contains water channels for cooling the nozzle itself and can directly cool the nozzle. The water channels in this structure are printed as a single piece without external water pipes, which greatly reduces the overall structural size. In the repeated heating and cooling cycles of the welding scene, there will be no quality defects such as weld breakage or water leakage.

[0029] Furthermore, the inlet of the cooling water channel extends outward parallel to the welding torch axis.

[0030] The above setup achieves the following effect: a direct, rigid connection with the welding torch is realized through a cooling water path that is parallel to and independent of the welding torch axis.

[0031] Furthermore, the inlet end of the first segment is connected or snapped into the outlet end of the second segment.

[0032] The above settings achieve the following effects: easy to fix with a socket or snap-fit, and convenient to install and disassemble.

[0033] Furthermore, the first segment is connected to the second segment by brazing.

[0034] The above setup achieves the following effects: the welding is firm and secure. When replacing consumables, the original nozzle is melted by reverse brazing, removed, and replaced with the first section of the new nozzle, significantly reducing the total cost of consumables.

[0035] Furthermore, the second segment is detachably connected to the welding torch via a flexible fixing structure;

[0036] The elastic fixing structure includes a pin fixedly mounted on the welding gun and an elastic buckle movably connected to the outer wall of the second section.

[0037] The elastic buckle includes a main body and a hinge and a locking part connected to the main body; the locking part is provided with a locking surface adapted to the pin;

[0038] The hinged part is hinged to the outer wall of the second section via a pivot, which can drive the locking part to rotate, thereby causing the locking surface to contact or move away from the pin, thus locking or unlocking the locking part and the pin.

[0039] The above setup achieves the following effect: by rotating the elastic buckle, the locking surface contacts or moves away from the pin, thereby locking or unlocking the locking part with the pin, thus fixing or disassembling the nozzle and the welding gun.

[0040] Furthermore, the locking surface of the snap-fit ​​part has a two-way ramp structure.

[0041] Furthermore, the second section has a U-shaped groove on the side wall near the welding torch, with the opening of the U-shaped groove parallel to the axis of the welding torch, for engaging the pin on the welding torch.

[0042] The above settings achieve the following effects: the U-shaped groove provides a firm fixation, effectively improving the fixing effect, while also increasing the fixing accuracy and enhancing the limit precision.

[0043] Furthermore, the main body is a C-shaped plate that matches the shape of the second shell section; both wings of the C-shaped plate are provided with hinge parts and snap-fit ​​parts;

[0044] The rotating shaft includes two rotating shafts respectively distributed on opposite sides of the second section;

[0045] The pin includes two pins respectively distributed on opposite sides of the welding torch;

[0046] The two wings of the C-shaped plate are respectively hinged to the two rotating shafts, thereby locking or unlocking the two opposite snap-fit ​​parts and the two opposite pins.

[0047] The above setup achieves the following effect: through the C-shaped plate and the correspondingly positioned pivot and pin, the C-shaped plate can more securely lock the second section and the welding torch.

[0048] Furthermore, the bottom of the U-shaped groove is an arc surface with a radius of curvature matching the diameter of the pin, and the groove depth is 1.1-1.3 times the diameter of the pin.

[0049] The above settings achieve the following effect: ensuring accurate radial positioning of the second section after the pin is inserted, and preventing misalignment of the water channel connection.

[0050] Furthermore, the elastic buckle also includes a lever part connected to the main body; the lever part includes a lever plate obliquely connected to the upper part of the main body, which can drive the main body to rotate around the hinge part.

[0051] The above settings achieve the following effect: the lever part can be easily applied with force, making it easy to operate.

[0052] Furthermore, the first segment is a copper molding nozzle; the second segment is a chromium-zirconium copper 3D printing nozzle.

[0053] The elastic buckle is made of 65Mn spring steel and is stamped. The angle between the two-way ramp and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°.

[0054] The above settings achieve the following effects: the material selection is low-cost, and the strength, heat resistance, and wear resistance all meet the requirements. The elastic buckle uses elastic components for better locking effect. The angle design of the elastic buckle ensures that the axial release force must overcome the dual resistance of elastic deformation and slope friction, thus achieving mechanical self-locking.

[0055] Secondly, this utility model provides a welding torch, including the nozzle as described in the first aspect.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0057] 1. Space optimization: The direct-insertion water circuit design eliminates external water pipes, reduces radial dimensions, and saves space;

[0058] 2. Cost reduction: The first stage has low material costs and is easy and economical to replace;

[0059] 3. Reliable connection: The self-locking buckle's two-way ramp structure ensures no axial loosening;

[0060] 4. The coating can improve high temperature resistance, enhance wear resistance, reduce splash adhesion, improve thermal conductivity, and enhance insulation performance. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of this utility model;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top of the nozzle of this utility model;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a side view of the nozzle of this utility model;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic buckle of this utility model;

[0065] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the nozzle of this utility model;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second sections of the nozzle of this utility model;

[0067] Figure 7 This is a front view of the first and second sections of the nozzle of this utility model.

[0068] In the diagram: 1. First section; 2. Second section; 21. Cooling water channel; 22. Shaft; 23. U-shaped groove; 24. Elastic buckle; 241. Main body; 242. Snap-fit ​​part; 243. Hinge part; 244. Locking surface; 245. Actuating part; 3. Welding torch; 31. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this embodiment. Example 1

[0071] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a water-cooled nozzle for a welding torch 3, including a first section 1 and a second section 2 that are detachably and fixedly connected.

[0072] Both the first segment 1 and the second segment 2 are provided with hollow and through-through inner holes and inlets and outlets respectively located at both ends of the inner holes; the inner holes of the second segment 2 and the first segment 1 can be connected and accommodate the head of the welding torch 3 to extend into.

[0073] The inlet of the second section 2 is used to connect to the welding torch 3, and the outlet of the second section 2 can be detachably connected to the inlet of the first section 1;

[0074] A cooling water passage 21 is connected to the side wall of the second section 2, and the cooling water passage 21 is connected to the inner hole of the second section 2.

[0075] Implementation principle: The direct-insertion water circuit design eliminates the need for external water pipes, ensuring a secure connection and saving space. Meanwhile, the damage caused by high-temperature spatter and welding slag cleaning is mainly concentrated in the first section 1 of the nozzle (i.e., the first section 1). The nozzle is used as a consumable (with a lifespan far shorter than that of the welding torch 3 itself) because the aforementioned damage would rapidly deplete its usability. This structure adopts a two-section design, with the first section 1 detachably connected to the second section 2, which has a water circuit and is more expensive. Even if there are defects in the brazing quality, it will not cause a reduction in water cooling effect or other quality defects. When replacing consumables, only the inexpensive first section 1 of the nozzle needs to be replaced. That is, simply remove and replace it with a new first section 1 of the nozzle, significantly reducing the total cost of consumables. Example 2

[0076] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a water-cooled nozzle for a welding torch 3, including a first section 1 and a second section 2 that are detachably and fixedly connected.

[0077] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, both the first segment 1 and the second segment 2 are provided with hollow and through-through inner holes and inlets and outlets respectively located at both ends of the inner holes; the inner holes of the second segment 2 and the first segment 1 can be connected and accommodate the welding torch 3 head to extend into.

[0078] The inlet of the second section 2 is used to connect to the welding torch 3, and the outlet of the second section 2 can be detachably connected to the inlet of the first section 1;

[0079] A cooling water passage 21 is connected to the side wall of the second section 2, and the cooling water passage 21 is connected to the inner hole of the second section 2.

[0080] The second segment 2 is integrally formed with the cooling water channel 21.

[0081] The second segment 2 is made of chromium zirconium copper and is integrally formed by 3D printing. It has a topology-optimized cooling water channel 21 inside. The inlet and outlet of the cooling water channel 21 extend parallel to the axis of the welding gun 3, and the port protrudes 2-3mm from the side wall of the second segment 2. It is configured to be directly inserted and rigidly connected to the corresponding interface of the welding gun 3. The first segment 1 is made of copper by molding and has no internal water channel. Its rear end is fixed to the front end of the second segment 2 by brazing, sleeve or snap-fit.

[0082] The second section 2 is provided with a U-shaped groove 23 near the connecting end of the welding torch 3. The opening direction of the U-shaped groove 23 is perpendicular to the axis of the welding torch 3, and it is used to insert the pin 31 of the welding torch 3 body.

[0083] Two self-locking elastic buckles 24 are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the second section 2. The lower end of the elastic buckle 24 is hinged to the mounting seat on the side wall of the second section 2 through a rotating shaft 22, and the upper arm extends upward to form a locking part 242. The locking surface 244 of the locking part 242 is a two-way sloping structure.

[0084] The inner diameter of the cooling water channel 21 is preferably 5-20mm, and the outer diameter is 8-30mm; the outer diameter of the gun barrel is 9-50mm.

[0085] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the cooling water channel 21 extends outward parallel to the axis of the welding torch 3.

[0086] A direct, rigid connection with the welding torch 3 is achieved through a cooling water channel 21 that is parallel to and independent of the welding torch 3 axis.

[0087] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inlet end of the first segment 1 is sleeved or snapped onto the outlet end of the second segment 2. The sleeved or snap-fit ​​connection is convenient for fixing and easy for installation and disassembly. A snap-fit ​​structure or a boss and groove can be used for engagement.

[0088] Optionally, the first segment 1 is connected to the second segment 2 by brazing. The welding is firm and secure. When replacing consumables, the original nozzle is melted by reverse brazing, removed, and replaced with a new nozzle first segment 1, significantly reducing the total cost of consumables.

[0089] Specifically, the brazing connection between the first segment 1 and the second segment 2 uses silver-based brazing filler metal, and the brazing layer is located within the mating gap between the rear end boss of the first segment 1 and the front end groove of the second segment 2.

[0090] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second segment 2 is detachably connected to the welding torch 3 via an elastic fixing structure;

[0091] The elastic fixing structure includes a pin 31 fixedly mounted on the welding torch 3 and an elastic buckle 24 movably connected to the outer wall of the second section 2.

[0092] The elastic buckle 24 includes a main body 241 and a hinge portion 243 and a locking portion 242 connected to the main body 241; the locking portion 242 is provided with a locking surface 244 adapted to the pin 31;

[0093] The hinge portion 243 is hinged to the outer wall of the second section 2 via the pivot 22, which can drive the locking portion 242 to rotate, thereby causing the locking surface 244 to contact or move away from the pin 31, thereby locking or unlocking the locking portion 242 and the pin 31.

[0094] The rotating shaft 22 can be a threaded post, connected to the nozzle, snapped in the middle of the post, and secured with anti-loosening washers.

[0095] By rotating the elastic buckle 24, the locking surface 244 contacts or moves away from the pin 31, thereby locking or unlocking the locking part 242 with the pin 31, thus fixing or removing the nozzle from the welding gun 3.

[0096] Specifically, the locking surface 244 of the latching part 242 is a two-way ramp structure. The inclination angle of the two-way ramp is 10°-15°. The ramp angle design ensures that the axial release force must overcome elastic deformation and frictional resistance to achieve mechanical self-locking.

[0097] Specifically, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the second segment 2 has a U-shaped groove 23 on the side wall near the welding torch 3. The opening direction of the U-shaped groove 23 is parallel to the axis of the welding torch 3, and it is used to engage the pin 31 on the welding torch 3. The U-shaped groove 23 provides a firm fixation, effectively improving the fixing effect, while also improving the fixing accuracy and the limiting precision.

[0098] The elastic buckle 24 is made of 65Mn spring steel by stamping, with a thickness of 1.0-1.5mm. The angle α between the bidirectional slope of the latching part 242 and the horizontal plane is 10°-15°. The buckle has sufficient bearing capacity and adopts a self-locking structure design. After being hooked into the U-shaped groove 23, it is pushed out to both sides with additional resistance to the upward slope.

[0099] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the main body 241 is a C-shaped plate that matches the shape of the outer shell of the second segment 2; both wings of the C-shaped plate are provided with hinge parts 243 and snap-fit ​​parts 242;

[0100] The rotating shaft 22 includes two rotating shafts 22 respectively distributed on opposite sides of the second segment 2;

[0101] The pin 31 includes two pins 31 respectively distributed on opposite sides of the welding torch 3;

[0102] The two wings of the C-shaped plate are respectively hinged to the two rotating shafts 22, thereby locking or unlocking the two opposite snap-fit ​​parts 242 and the two opposite pins 31.

[0103] The C-shaped plate, along with the opposing rotating shaft 22 and pin 31, allows the C-shaped plate to more securely lock the second section 2 and the welding torch 3.

[0104] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the U-shaped groove 23 is an arc surface, the radius of curvature of which matches the diameter of the pin 31, and the groove depth is 1.1-1.3 times the diameter of the pin 31.

[0105] Ensure accurate radial positioning of the second section 2 after the pin 31 is inserted to avoid misalignment of the water channel connection.

[0106] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the elastic buckle 24 also includes a lever part 245 connected to the main body 241; the lever part 245 includes a lever plate obliquely connected to the upper part of the main body 241, which can drive the main body 241 to rotate around the hinge part 243.

[0107] The lever 245 allows for easy application of force and facilitates operation.

[0108] The materials used in this invention are low in cost, and their strength, heat resistance, and wear resistance all meet the requirements. The elastic buckle 24 uses an elastic element for better locking effect. The angle design of the elastic buckle 24 requires the axial release force to overcome the dual resistance of elastic deformation and slope friction, thus achieving mechanical self-locking.

[0109] How to use:

[0110] 1. Connect the first segment 1:

[0111] Brazing type: The brazing filler metal at the connection between the first section 1 and the second section 2 is heated with a flame until it melts and the connection is completed;

[0112] Snap-fit ​​type: Press the first segment 1 towards the second segment 2 until the connecting part pops into the slot.

[0113] 2. Install the second section:

[0114] Press down the buckle pressing part, align the U-shaped groove 23 with the welding gun 3 pin 31 and push it horizontally to the bottom of the groove. After release, the locking part 242 automatically locks the pin 31.

[0115] 3. Replace the first paragraph 1:

[0116] Brazing type: Heat the brazing part until it melts, remove the old first section 1 and replace it with a new one.

[0117] Clip-on type: Use tools to pry open the connecting parts to disassemble.

[0118] The novel structure of the dual-wire welding torch with three nozzles in this utility model is as follows:

[0119] The nozzle's water circuit is connected to the external environment via a direct-insertion rigid connection, eliminating the need for external water pipes and significantly reducing the overall structural size. Specifically, leveraging the advantages of 3D printing, the water circuit structure is designed with topological adjustments, positioning the water outlet parallel to the welding torch 3. During nozzle installation, its inlet and outlet directly connect to the corresponding inlet and outlet of the welding torch 3, requiring no additional space.

[0120] The main feature of this invention is its two-section design. The first section 1 is made of copper through molding, resulting in low cost. The second section 2 is made of chromium zirconium copper through 3D printing, and its interior contains water channels for cooling the nozzle itself, allowing direct cooling of the nozzle. This integrated water channel design prevents defects such as weld breakage and leakage during repeated heating and cooling cycles in welding scenarios. Furthermore, the split design minimizes damage from high-temperature spatter and slag removal, concentrating primarily on the first section 1 of the nozzle. The nozzle is used as a consumable (with a lifespan far shorter than the welding torch itself) because such damage rapidly diminishes its usability. This two-section design, with the first section 1 (made of copper through molding, eliminating the hollow water channel and leakage problem) brazed to the second section 2 (which has a water channel and higher cost), ensures that even with brazing defects, the water cooling effect remains unaffected. When replacing consumables, the original nozzle is melted using reverse brazing, removed, and replaced with a new first section 1, significantly reducing the overall cost of consumables.

[0121] This utility model also features a double-sided composite coating: the inner and outer walls of the nozzle and the threaded connection are fully covered by the coating, eliminating the blind spots of traditional single-sided coating.

[0122] Both the inner and outer surfaces of the first and second sections are covered with a coating. The double-sided composite coating completely covers the inner and outer walls of the nozzle and threaded connections, eliminating blind spots inherent in traditional single-sided coating. The coating provides high-temperature non-stick properties, easy cleaning (weld slag automatically detaches upon light contact), and long-lasting protection.

[0123] The coating on the water-cooled nozzle of the welding torch has the following advantages:

[0124] Improved high-temperature resistance: High temperatures are generated during welding. The coating can effectively resist high-temperature corrosion, reduce problems such as nozzle deformation and melting caused by high temperatures, and extend its service life.

[0125] Enhanced wear resistance: During welding, the nozzle may rub against the workpiece or other objects. The coating can increase the hardness and wear resistance of the nozzle surface, reducing the degree of wear.

[0126] Reduce spatter adhesion: Welding spatter easily adheres to the nozzle, affecting weld quality and nozzle usability. A coating makes the nozzle surface smoother, reducing spatter adhesion and facilitating cleaning and maintenance.

[0127] Improved thermal conductivity: Water-cooled nozzles require good thermal conductivity to dissipate heat in a timely manner. The coating can optimize the heat conduction path, improve heat dissipation efficiency, and ensure that the nozzle maintains a suitable temperature during operation.

[0128] Enhancing insulation performance: In some welding scenarios, the nozzle needs to have certain insulation properties. The coating can play an insulating role, prevent current leakage, and ensure welding safety.

[0129] The coating thickness is 130-150μm, and the surface roughness Ra≤0.2μm. After a certain amount of welding, the welding operation needs to be stopped to remove the spatter adhering to the nozzle. At this time, the existing coating technology has the following disadvantages: removing the adhering spatter causes damage to the coating itself, and even partially peels off the coating, which seriously affects the performance of the nozzle itself. This technology makes targeted improvements to the inherent defects of the existing nozzle and special layer, which greatly enhances the adhesion between the coating and the nozzle while reducing the adhesion of high-temperature metal oxides on the outer surface of the coating.

[0130] After a certain amount of welding is completed, the welding operation needs to be stopped to remove the spatter adhering to the nozzle. At this time, the existing coating technology has the following disadvantages: removing the adhering spatter can cause damage to the coating itself, and even partially peel off the coating, which seriously affects the performance of the nozzle itself. This technology makes targeted improvements to address the inherent defects of existing nozzles and special coatings, which can greatly enhance the adhesion between the coating and the nozzle while reducing the adhesion of high-temperature metal oxides on the outer surface of the coating.

[0131] The overall advantage of this utility model is as follows:

[0132] 1. Its compact structure makes it suitable for a wider range of welding scenarios, especially those with small gaps.

[0133] 2. Stable quality: The use of 3D-printed integrated water system nozzles eliminates the risk of leakage.

[0134] 3. Reduced cost: The two-stage design means that only the inexpensive first stage nozzle needs to be replaced during replacement.

[0135] 4. Double-sided composite coating: The coating fully covers the inner and outer walls of the nozzle and threaded connections, eliminating blind spots inherent in traditional single-sided coating. The coating achieves high-temperature non-stick properties, easy cleaning, automatic removal of weld slag upon light contact, and long-lasting protection.

[0136] The coating thickness is 130-150μm, and the surface roughness Ra≤0.2μm. After a certain amount of welding, the welding operation needs to be stopped to remove the spatter adhering to the nozzle. At this time, the existing coating technology has the following disadvantages: removing the adhering spatter causes damage to the coating itself, and even partially peels off the coating, which seriously affects the performance of the nozzle itself. This technology makes targeted improvements to the inherent defects of the existing nozzle and special layer, which greatly enhances the adhesion between the coating and the nozzle while reducing the adhesion of high-temperature metal oxides on the outer surface of the coating.

[0137] Applying high-performance coatings (such as ceramic coatings, cermet coatings, nitride coatings, etc.) to the water-cooled nozzles of welding torches offers several significant advantages, primarily focusing on extending service life, improving welding process stability, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing welding quality.

[0138] 1. Enhance thermal protection and reduce heat load:

[0139] Thermal insulation effect: The coating (especially the ceramic coating) has low thermal conductivity and can form a thermal barrier between the nozzle substrate and the external high-temperature electric arc and molten metal splash.

[0140] Lowering the substrate temperature: Effectively reduces the heat transferred to the nozzle metal substrate, keeping the substrate at a relatively low operating temperature.

[0141] Protecting the internal cooling channels: Lowering the substrate temperature means that the internally circulating cooling water can work more effectively, preventing local overheating that could cause the cooling water to boil and create steam barriers (gas barriers), ensuring cooling efficiency and protecting the welding torch body.

[0142] Reduced thermal deformation: Lower operating temperatures can significantly reduce nozzle deformation caused by thermal expansion / contraction, maintaining its geometric shape and dimensional accuracy.

[0143] 2. Significantly improves wear resistance:

[0144] Resistance to wire feeding friction: Friction and wear occur when the welding wire is fed at high speed into the inner hole of the contact tip. The hard coating greatly enhances the hardness of the inner hole surface, resisting the mechanical wear of the welding wire and preventing the hole diameter from enlarging, which could lead to unstable wire feeding or arc blow.

[0145] Resistance to external mechanical damage: The coating provides better protection for the nozzle surface from scratches or impacts during operation or contact with the workpiece.

[0146] 3. Excellent resistance to molten metal adhesion:

[0147] Key advantage: This is one of the most prominent advantages of coated nozzles.

[0148] Reduced surface energy / increased molten metal properties: Special coatings (such as certain ceramic or composite coatings) have low surface energy and special surface structures, making it difficult for molten weld slag and metal spatter to wet and adhere to the nozzle surface.

[0149] Reduced cleaning frequency: Splashes are easier to remove or fall off automatically, significantly reducing the number of times the machine needs to be stopped for cleaning due to nozzle clogging caused by splashes.

[0150] Maintaining proper gas flow characteristics: Preventing spatter buildup at the nozzle exit and ensuring the shielding gas flows out smoothly and evenly to form a stable gas shield that protects the molten pool from air contamination is crucial for weld quality (reducing porosity and improving toughness).

[0151] 4. Improves antioxidant and corrosion resistance:

[0152] High-temperature oxidation protection: The coating can form a stable protective layer at high temperatures, effectively isolating oxygen and preventing the nozzle metal substrate (usually a copper alloy) from oxidizing and burning at high temperatures.

[0153] Resistance to cooling water corrosion: Some coatings also provide resistance to corrosion from chemicals that may be present in the cooling water.

[0154] 5. Maintain stable gas flow characteristics:

[0155] Preventing carbon / fouling: In certain processes (such as the use of carbon-containing shielding gas or flux-cored wire), the coating helps reduce the adhesion of carbon or other deposits to the inner wall of the nozzle.

[0156] Maintaining geometry: reducing thermal deformation and wear, it ensures that the design shape of the gas outflow channel is not destroyed, thus ensuring a stable gas flow field.

[0157] Summary of overall advantages:

[0158] Significantly extended service life: It comprehensively resists multiple failure modes such as heat, wear, adhesion, and oxidation corrosion, reducing nozzle replacement frequency by several times or even tens of times. This is the most direct economic benefit.

[0159] Reduce downtime and maintenance costs: Reduce the frequency of cleaning up splashes and replacing nozzles, improve equipment utilization and operator efficiency, and reduce spare parts costs.

[0160] Improving the stability and consistency of the welding process: Stable wire feeding, stable gas protection, and constant nozzle geometry work together to ensure stable arc and stable droplet transfer, thereby obtaining more consistent and high-quality welds.

[0161] Improving welding quality: Stable gas protection directly reduces the risk of defects such as porosity and lack of fusion; a stable arc also helps to control the penetration depth and appearance.

[0162] Suitable for demanding working conditions: The advantages of coated nozzles are more obvious in high-current welding, automated welding, welding wire with high spatter rate (such as some flux-cored welding wires), harsh environments and other occasions.

[0163] In summary, applying a high-performance coating to the water-cooled nozzle of a welding torch is an effective technical means to cope with harsh welding environments by improving the surface properties of the nozzle material. It can significantly improve the durability, reliability, and stability of the welding process, ultimately leading to increased production efficiency and reduced overall costs. Example 3

[0164] This embodiment provides a welding torch 3, which includes a nozzle as described in Embodiment 2.

[0165] The nozzle of this invention is provided with a coating, which can also be applied to other nozzle structures without violating the design concept of this invention.

[0166] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0167] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0168] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0169] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0170] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-cooled nozzle provided with a coating, characterized in that Includes a first section and a second section with detachable fixed connections; Both the first and second sections are provided with hollow and through-through inner holes and inlets and outlets respectively located at both ends of the inner holes; the inner holes of the second section and the first section can communicate with each other and accommodate the welding torch head to extend into. The inlet of the second section is used to connect to the welding torch, and the outlet of the second section can be detachably connected to the inlet of the first section; The second section has a cooling water passage connected to its side wall, and the cooling water passage is connected to the inner hole of the second section.

2. The water-cooled nozzle with a coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner and outer surfaces of the first segment and / or the second segment are covered with a coating.

3. The water-cooled nozzle with a coating according to claim 2, characterized in that The coating is a modified Teflon coating; The coating thickness is 130-150 μm, and the surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.2 μm.

4. The water-cooled nozzle with a coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second section is integrally formed with the cooling water channel; The inlet of the cooling water path extends outward parallel to the axis of the welding torch.

5. The coated water-cooled nozzle of claim 1, wherein, The inlet end of the first segment is sleeved or snapped onto the outlet end of the second segment, or the first segment is connected to the second segment by brazing.

6. The coated water-cooled nozzle of claim 1, wherein, The second section is detachably connected to the welding torch via a flexible fixing structure; The elastic fixing structure includes a pin fixedly mounted on the welding gun and an elastic buckle movably connected to the outer wall of the second section. The elastic buckle includes a main body and a hinge and a locking part connected to the main body; the locking part is provided with a locking surface adapted to the pin; The hinged part is hinged to the outer wall of the second section via a pivot, which can drive the locking part to rotate, thereby causing the locking surface to contact or move away from the pin, thus locking or unlocking the locking part and the pin.

7. The water-cooled nozzle provided with a coating according to claim 6, characterized in that The locking surface of the snap-fit ​​part has a two-way sloping structure.

8. The water-cooled nozzle with a coating according to claim 6, characterized in that The second section has a U-shaped groove on the side wall near the welding torch. The opening of the U-shaped groove is parallel to the axis of the welding torch and is used to engage the pin on the welding torch. The bottom of the U-shaped groove is an arc surface with a radius of curvature matching the diameter of the pin, and the groove depth is 1.1-1.3 times the diameter of the pin.

9. The coated water-cooled nozzle of claim 6, wherein, The main body is a C-shaped plate that matches the shape of the second section of the outer shell; both wings of the C-shaped plate are provided with hinge parts and snap-fit ​​parts; The rotating shaft includes two rotating shafts respectively distributed on opposite sides of the second segment; The pin includes two pins respectively distributed on opposite sides of the welding torch; The two wings of the C-shaped plate are respectively hinged to the two rotating shafts, thereby locking or unlocking the two opposite snap-fit ​​parts and the two opposite pins.

10. A welding torch characterized by, Including the nozzle as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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