Positioning fixtures used for automatic grinding of chassis castings in engineering machinery

Abstract

This utility model provides a positioning fixture for automatic grinding of castings for engineering machinery chassis, including a base plate, support columns, an upper plate, a three-jaw self-centering chuck, and a corner positioning plate. Through the adaptive clamping of the three-jaw self-centering chuck with the inner ring of the casting, rapid radial centering of the casting can be achieved, ensuring positioning accuracy and providing a foundation for precise robotic grinding. Simultaneously, the corner positioning plate can rotate around the hinge end, opening outwards during casting installation to avoid interference. After installation, it rotates until the positioning slot engages with the lug, achieving circumferential angular positioning of the casting lug. This rotatable structure combined with the engagement positioning method significantly improves the convenience of casting assembly and disassembly, effectively shortening auxiliary operation time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of casting processing technology, specifically to a positioning fixture for automatic grinding of engineering machinery chassis castings. Background Technology

[0002] In sand casting, burrs are easily formed at the joints of the mold cores, which generally need to be removed by grinding. Traditionally, this is done manually by workers using grinding tools, which is labor-intensive and has low production efficiency. With the development of intelligent manufacturing in factories, the introduction of robotic grinding systems allows industrial robots to perform grinding operations on castings according to a set program, significantly improving production efficiency. Because factories produce a wide variety of castings, different castings require suitable positioning fixtures for accurate positioning to ensure precise robot operation. In addition to accurate positioning, the positioning fixtures must also consider the ease of assembly and disassembly of the castings to maximize production efficiency. This utility model aims to provide a positioning fixture for the automatic grinding of castings for engineering machinery chassis. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a positioning fixture for automatic grinding of engineering machinery chassis castings.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: the engineering machinery chassis casting includes an outer circular base portion, the lower inner side of the outer circular base portion is provided with an annular groove, the interior of the annular groove is provided with a downwardly extending inner ring body, the lower end face of the inner ring body protrudes from the lower end face of the outer circular base portion, the center of the inner ring body is provided with an axially penetrating central hole, the upper part of the outer circular base portion is provided with a block portion with a width smaller than the outer diameter of the outer circular base portion, the two sides of the block portion in the length direction are provided with radially protruding lug portions protruding from the outer periphery of the outer circular base portion, the lug portions are semi-cylindrical, and the axial direction of the lug portions is parallel to the width direction of the block portion.

[0005] Positioning fixtures used for automated grinding of chassis castings in engineering machinery include: The base plate has a central positioning hole, and the bottom surface of the base plate is also provided with a concave strip positioning groove, which extends radially outward from the wall of the central positioning hole. A support column, which is vertically and fixedly installed on the base plate; The upper plate is fixedly installed at the top of the support column; The three-jaw self-centering chuck has its base fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper plate. The three jaws of the three-jaw self-centering chuck are used to clamp the outer circumferential wall of the lower part of the inner ring of the engineering machinery chassis casting. A corner positioning plate, one end of which is hinged to one side of the upper plate, has a positioning slot on the side of the corner positioning plate opposite to the hinged end, and the width of the positioning slot matches the width of the lug of the engineering machinery chassis casting.

[0006] By adopting the technical solution of this utility model, the three-jaw self-centering chuck can be adapted to clamp the inner ring of the casting, which can realize the radial rapid centering and positioning of the casting, ensuring positioning accuracy and providing a foundation for precise robot grinding. At the same time, the corner positioning plate can rotate around the hinge end, opening outward to avoid interference during casting installation. After installation, it rotates until the positioning slot engages with the lug, realizing the circumferential angle positioning of the lug of the casting. Moreover, this rotatable structure combined with the engagement positioning method greatly improves the convenience of casting disassembly and assembly and effectively shortens the auxiliary operation time.

[0007] Furthermore, the opening of the inner wall of the strip positioning groove of the base plate is provided with an outwardly flared chamfer.

[0008] By adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme, the outward expansion bevel forms a guide structure, which can guide the positioning key to quickly insert into the strip positioning groove when the base plate is positioned and connected to the mounting base of the robot grinding system, thereby reducing the difficulty of alignment during positioning and installation.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper plate has a ring of outwardly protruding positioning protrusions on its upper surface, and the bottom surface of the three-jaw self-centering chuck has a positioning groove that matches the positioning protrusions.

[0010] By adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme, the precise cooperation between the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove enables the three-jaw self-centering chuck to be quickly pre-positioned on the upper plate, ensuring the installation position accuracy of the three-jaw self-centering chuck and avoiding positioning errors caused by offset during installation. At the same time, this positioning structure can also share the radial force on the three-jaw self-centering chuck during operation, reduce the stress on the fixing bolts, improve the stability and firmness of the installation of the three-jaw self-centering chuck, and ensure the reliability of positioning during grinding.

[0011] Furthermore, the axis of the three-jaw self-centering chuck is coaxial with the axis of the central positioning hole of the base plate.

[0012] By adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme, the core positioning component of the tooling is kept coaxial with the reference positioning structure of the base plate, forming a unified positioning reference. This coaxial structure also facilitates the coordinate calibration of the tooling and the robot grinding system.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning slot of the corner positioning plate includes a square opening and a latch located outside the square opening, wherein the width of the square opening is greater than the width of the latch.

[0014] Using the above-mentioned preferred solution, the bayonet is used to form a tight engagement with the lug to achieve circumferential positioning, while the wider square opening can provide more space for the lug to enter the slot, reducing the difficulty of aligning the lug with the slot.

[0015] Furthermore, a support rod extending obliquely upward is provided on one side of the base plate, and when the corner positioning plate is opened outward, the support rod abuts against the back of the corner positioning plate.

[0016] By adopting the above-mentioned preferred solution, the support rod can provide stable support for the corner positioning plate when it is opened outward, preventing the corner positioning plate from drooping naturally due to its own weight. This ensures that the corner positioning plate remains in the open state during the disassembly and assembly of the casting, without interfering with the handling of the casting, and also facilitates the upward flipping operation of the corner positioning plate. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of engineering machinery chassis castings.

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the chassis casting of engineering machinery.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning tool of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning tooling of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the casting being positioned and installed on a positioning fixture.

[0024] The numbers and letters in the diagram represent the names of the corresponding components: 1-Engineering machinery chassis casting; 11-Outer circular base; 12-Annular groove; 13-Inner ring; 14-Central hole; 15-Block part; 16-Lug part; 20-Base plate; 21-Intermediate positioning hole; 22-Strip positioning groove; 221-Cutter angle; 23-Support rod; 30-Support column; 40-Upper plate; 41-Positioning protrusion; 50-Three-jaw self-centering chuck; 51-Base; 511-Positioning circular groove; 52-Claw; 60-Corner positioning plate; 61-Positioning slot; 611-Square opening; 612-Clamping opening. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the engineering machinery chassis casting 1 that needs to be ground includes an outer circular base part 11. The lower inner side of the outer circular base part 11 is provided with an annular groove 12. The interior of the annular groove 12 is provided with a downwardly extending inner ring body 13. The lower end face of the inner ring body 13 protrudes from the lower end face of the outer circular base part 11. The center of the inner ring body 13 is provided with an axially penetrating central hole 14. The upper part of the outer circular base part 11 is provided with a block part 15 with a width smaller than the outer diameter of the outer circular base part. The two sides of the block part 15 in the length direction are provided with radially protruding lugs 16 that protrude from the outer periphery of the outer circular base part 11. The lugs 16 are semi-cylindrical, and the axial direction of the lugs 16 is parallel to the width direction of the block part 15.

[0027] like Figures 3-6 As shown, one embodiment of this utility model is: a positioning fixture for automatic grinding of engineering machinery chassis castings, comprising: The base plate 20 has a central positioning hole 21, and the bottom surface of the base plate 20 is also provided with a concave strip positioning groove 22, which extends radially outward from the hole wall of the central positioning hole 21. The support column 30 is vertically fixedly installed on the base plate 20; The upper plate 40 is fixedly installed on the top of the support column 30; The three-jaw self-centering chuck 50 has its base 51 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper plate 40. The three jaws 52 of the three-jaw self-centering chuck 50 are used to clamp the outer circumferential wall of the lower part of the inner ring body 13 of the engineering machinery chassis casting 1. The corner positioning plate 60 has one end hinged to one side of the upper plate 40. The corner positioning plate 60 has a positioning slot 61 on the side opposite to the hinged end. The width of the slot 612 of the positioning slot 61 matches the width of the lug 16 of the engineering machinery chassis casting.

[0028] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: by using a three-jaw self-centering chuck to adapt and clamp the casting's inner ring, rapid radial centering and positioning of the casting can be achieved, ensuring positioning accuracy and providing a foundation for precise robotic grinding; at the same time, the corner positioning plate can rotate around the hinge end, opening outwards during casting installation to avoid interference, and after installation, it rotates until the positioning slot engages with the lug, achieving circumferential angular positioning of the casting's lug. Moreover, this rotatable structure combined with the engagement positioning method greatly improves the convenience of casting disassembly and assembly, and effectively shortens auxiliary operation time.

[0029] When batch grinding of the engineering machinery chassis castings described in this application is required, the positioning fixture is first installed on the mounting base of the robot grinding system. The mounting base of the robot grinding system is equipped with a positioning sleeve that mates with the central positioning hole on the base plate and a positioning key that mates with the strip positioning groove on the base plate. The base plate can be locked to the mounting base of the robot grinding system with bolts, or it can be locked using pneumatic or electric tensioning jaws. Then, each engineering machinery chassis casting to be ground is installed on the positioning fixture. First, a corner positioning plate is used to hold one lug of the casting, and then the jaws of the closed three-jaw self-centering chuck are adjusted to clamp the casting. The specific structure of the robot grinding system is not described in this application but can be obtained from existing technology, such as the KINMAC-AS50 robot grinding system manufactured by Dalian Yuyang Industrial Intelligent Co., Ltd. The core configuration of the robot grinding system generally includes an industrial robot and an end effector (grinding wheel), equipped with a force control sensor. The working path of the end effector is preset by programming to grind the casting.

[0030] The specific structure of the three-jaw self-centering chuck in this invention will not be described in detail, but can be obtained from existing technologies, such as the K11 series three-jaw self-centering chuck produced by Taizhou Zhedong Machine Tool Accessories Co., Ltd. The three-jaw self-centering chuck mainly includes a base, three jaws, and a linkage mechanism located inside the base that synchronously drives the opening and closing of the three jaws.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, in some other embodiments of this utility model, the opening of the inner wall of the strip positioning groove 22 of the base plate is provided with an outwardly expanding chamfer 221. The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the outwardly expanding chamfer forms a guiding structure, which can guide the positioning key to be quickly inserted into the strip positioning groove when the base plate is positioned and connected to the mounting base of the robot grinding system, reducing the difficulty of alignment during positioning and installation.

[0032] like Figure 5As shown, in some other embodiments of this utility model, the upper surface of the upper plate 40 is provided with a ring of outwardly protruding positioning protrusions 41, and the bottom surface of the seat 51 of the three-jaw self-centering chuck is provided with a positioning groove 511 that matches the positioning protrusions 41. The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: through the precise cooperation between the positioning protrusions and the positioning grooves, the three-jaw self-centering chuck can be quickly pre-positioned on the upper plate, ensuring the installation position accuracy of the three-jaw self-centering chuck and avoiding positioning errors caused by offset during installation; at the same time, this positioning structure can also share the radial force received by the three-jaw self-centering chuck during operation, reduce the stress on the fixing bolts, improve the stability and firmness of the installation of the three-jaw self-centering chuck, and ensure the reliability of positioning during the grinding process.

[0033] In some other embodiments of this utility model, the axis of the three-jaw self-centering chuck 50 is coaxially arranged with the axis of the central positioning hole 21 of the base plate. The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that it keeps the core positioning component of the tooling coaxial with the reference positioning structure of the base plate, forming a unified positioning reference. This coaxial structure can also facilitate the coordinate calibration of the tooling and the robot grinding system.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in some other embodiments of this utility model, the positioning slot 61 of the corner positioning plate 60 includes a square opening 611 and a latch 612 located outside the square opening. The width of the square opening 611 is greater than the width of the latch 612. The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the latch is used to form a tight engagement with the lug to achieve circumferential positioning, while the wider square opening provides more space for the lug to enter the slot, reducing the difficulty of aligning the lug with the slot.

[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, in some other embodiments of this utility model, a support rod 23 extending obliquely upward is provided on one side of the base plate 20. When the corner positioning plate 60 is opened outward, the support rod 23 abuts against the back of the corner positioning plate 60. The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the support rod can provide stable support for the corner positioning plate when it is opened outward, preventing the corner positioning plate from naturally drooping due to its own weight, ensuring that the corner positioning plate is always kept in the open state during the disassembly and assembly of the casting, without interfering with the handling of the casting, and also facilitating the upward flipping operation of the corner positioning plate.

[0036] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it. They should not be used to limit the protection scope of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning tool applied to automatic polishing of an engineering machine chassis casting, characterized in that, The engineering machinery chassis casting includes an outer circular base portion. The lower inner side of the outer circular base portion is provided with an annular groove. Inside the annular groove is a downwardly extending inner ring body. The lower end face of the inner ring body protrudes from the lower end face of the outer circular base portion. The center of the inner ring body is provided with an axially penetrating central hole. The upper part of the outer circular base portion is provided with a block portion whose width is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer circular base portion. On both sides of the block portion along the length direction are radially protruding lug portions that protrude from the outer periphery of the outer circular base portion. The lug portions are semi-cylindrical, and the axial direction of the lug portions is parallel to the width direction of the block portion. The positioning fixture includes: The base plate has a central positioning hole, and the bottom surface of the base plate is also provided with a concave strip positioning groove, which extends radially outward from the wall of the central positioning hole. A support column, which is vertically and fixedly installed on the base plate; The upper plate is fixedly installed at the top of the support column; The three-jaw self-centering chuck has its base fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper plate. The three jaws of the three-jaw self-centering chuck are used to clamp the outer circumferential wall of the lower part of the inner ring of the engineering machinery chassis casting. A corner positioning plate, one end of which is hinged to one side of the upper plate, has a positioning slot on the side of the corner positioning plate opposite to the hinged end, and the width of the positioning slot matches the width of the lug of the engineering machinery chassis casting.

2. The positioning fixture for automatic polishing of an engineering machine chassis casting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening of the inner wall of the strip positioning groove of the base plate is provided with an outwardly flared bevel.

3. The positioning fixture for automatic polishing of an engineering machine chassis casting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper plate has a ring of outwardly protruding positioning protrusions on its upper surface, and the bottom surface of the three-jaw self-centering chuck has a positioning groove that matches the positioning protrusions.

4. The positioning fixture for automatic polishing of an engineering machine chassis casting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the three-jaw self-centering chuck is coaxial with the axis of the central positioning hole of the base plate.

5. The positioning fixture for automatic polishing of an engineering machine chassis casting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning slot of the corner positioning plate includes a square opening and a latch located outside the square opening, the width of the square opening being greater than the width of the latch.

6. The positioning fixture for automatic grinding of engineering machinery chassis castings according to claim 5, characterized in that, One side of the base plate is provided with a support rod extending obliquely upward. When the corner positioning plate is opened outward, the support rod abuts against the back of the corner positioning plate.

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