Support device and clamping equipment

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a support device and clamping equipment. The support device includes a base, a guide sleeve, a universal support assembly, an elastic element, and a locking element. The base has a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove, which communicate with each other and intersect in their extending directions. The guide sleeve is mounted in the first mounting groove, and a limiting portion is provided on its outer surface. The universal support assembly includes a ball seat, a ball head, and a support seat. The ball seat is connected to the guide sleeve, the ball head is movably mounted on the ball seat, and the support seat is connected to the ball head. The elastic element is mounted in the first mounting groove, with one end abutting against the bottom of the first mounting groove and the other end abutting against the guide sleeve. The locking element is mounted in the second mounting groove and has a mating portion that engages with the limiting portion to restrict the guide sleeve from moving towards the bottom of the first mounting groove, making operation convenient and quick.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a support device and clamping equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of large workpieces such as locomotive frames, sleeper beams, axle boxes, and gearboxes, in order to meet the technological requirements, in addition to the few process positioning pins temporarily installed on the lower surface of the workpiece, several additional support pressing points are needed for auxiliary support. In related technologies, flat jacks are commonly used for auxiliary support. This method requires manual adjustment of the support force of the flat jacks, which is not only cumbersome to operate, but also difficult to control the magnitude of the support force. Furthermore, when the lower surface of the workpiece is unprocessed, i.e., when the lower surface of the workpiece is a rough surface, it is easy for point contact or line contact to form between the workpiece and the flat jack, resulting in unstable support and affecting the machining quality. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a support device and clamping equipment to improve workpiece positioning efficiency and machining quality.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a support device, comprising:

[0005] The base is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove, the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are connected, and the extending directions of the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove intersect.

[0006] A guide sleeve is installed in the first mounting groove, and a limiting part is provided on the outer surface of the guide sleeve;

[0007] The universal support assembly includes a ball seat, a ball head, and a support base. The ball seat is connected to the guide sleeve, the ball head is movably mounted on the ball seat, and the support base is connected to the ball head for supporting the workpiece.

[0008] An elastic element, wherein the elastic element is installed in the first mounting groove, one end of the elastic element abuts against the bottom of the first mounting groove, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the guide sleeve, for providing elastic force to the workpiece; and

[0009] A locking element is installed in the second mounting groove. The locking element is provided with a mating part that can cooperate with the limiting part to restrict the guide sleeve from moving towards the bottom of the first mounting groove.

[0010] In one embodiment of this disclosure, an adjustment part is further included. One end of the adjustment part is threadedly connected to the guide sleeve, and the other end of the adjustment part is connected to the ball seat. The adjustment part is rotatable relative to the guide sleeve to adjust the position of the support seat in the axial direction of the guide sleeve.

[0011] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a pressure detection device is further included, which includes a pressure sensor and a pressure gauge. The pressure sensor is connected to the adjustment unit and is located below the ball seat. The pressure gauge is connected to the pressure sensor.

[0012] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the ball seat includes a first sub-seat and a second sub-seat. The first sub-seat is connected to the adjustment part. The first sub-seat is provided with a receiving cavity. The second sub-seat is provided with a through hole. The diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the ball head. The second sub-seat is connected to the first sub-seat to install the ball head in the receiving cavity.

[0013] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a propulsion member is further included, which is connected to the base and is movable along the extension direction of the second mounting groove to drive the locking member to move toward the guide sleeve.

[0014] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the pusher includes a threaded pin, the wall of the second mounting groove is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the threaded pin engages with the internal thread, and the tail of the threaded pin can abut against the locking member.

[0015] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the locking member includes a post, one end of which abuts against the tail of the threaded pin, and the mating part is disposed at the other end of the post.

[0016] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the limiting portion includes a first inclined surface, and the mating portion includes a second inclined surface. The second inclined surface can abut against the first inclined surface to restrict the guide sleeve from moving towards the bottom of the first mounting groove. The second inclined surface can also separate from the first inclined surface to release the restriction on the guide sleeve.

[0017] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a third mounting groove is provided on the surface of the guide sleeve near the bottom of the first mounting groove. The axis of the third mounting groove is parallel to the axis of the guide sleeve. The elastic element is a compression spring, one end of which abuts against the bottom of the first mounting groove, and the other end of which abuts against the bottom of the third mounting groove.

[0018] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the circumferential surface of the guide sleeve is provided with a first guide groove, the extension direction of the first guide groove being consistent with the length direction of the guide sleeve; the base is provided with a first positioning member, the first positioning member extending into the first guide groove, so that the guide sleeve can move along the extension direction of the first guide groove.

[0019] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the surface of the locking member is provided with a second guide groove, the second guide groove being aligned with the extension direction of the second mounting groove; the base is provided with a second positioning member, which extends into the second guide groove so that the locking member can move along the extension direction of the second guide groove.

[0020] For the purposes described above, this disclosure also provides a clamping device, including a pressure plate and a support device as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the pressure plate is located above the support device and is used to contact the upper surface of the workpiece.

[0021] The main beneficial effects of this disclosure are:

[0022] The support device provided in this disclosure, when in use, has its base fixed to a worktable, and the workpiece placed on the worktable. The lower surface of the workpiece contacts and presses down on the support base, causing the guide sleeve to move downward, thereby causing the elastic element to undergo elastic deformation to provide elastic force to the workpiece. At the same time, when the lower surface of the workpiece is a rough surface, due to the presence of the ball head, the position of the support base can be adaptively adjusted to achieve stable support for the lower surface of the workpiece. Then, the position of the locking element is adjusted. Since the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are connected and their extension directions intersect, adjusting the position of the locking element allows the mating part to engage with the limiting part of the guide sleeve, thereby restricting the movement of the guide sleeve towards the bottom of the guide groove, thus providing stable support for the workpiece, reducing the risk of workpiece deformation during processing, and is convenient and quick to operate, which is beneficial to improving the positioning efficiency and processing quality of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the support device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 2 An exploded view of the support device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the support device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure (base not shown);

[0028] Figure 5 A top view of the support device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A sectional view along line AA;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A sectional view along line BB;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the force analysis of a workpiece clamped by a clamping device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0033] 10. Base; 11. First mounting slot; 12. Second mounting slot; 13. First positioning component; 14. Second positioning component; 20. Guide sleeve; 21. First inclined surface; 22. Third mounting slot; 23. First guide groove; 24. Threaded blind hole; 30. Universal support assembly; 31. Ball seat; 311. First sub-seat; 312. Second sub-seat; 32. Ball head; 33. Support seat; 331. Anti-slip texture; 40. Elastic component; 50. Locking component; 51. Second inclined surface; 52. Second guide groove; 60. Adjustment part; 71. Pressure sensor; 72. Pressure gauge; 80. Pushing component; 90. First pressure plate; 100. Workpiece; 101. Process positioning pin; 200. Positioning surface; 300. Base. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0035] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] See Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a support device, including a base 10, a guide sleeve 20, a universal support assembly 30, an elastic element 40, and a locking element 50. The base 10 is provided with a first mounting groove 11 and a second mounting groove 12, the first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12 are connected, and the extending directions of the first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12 intersect. The guide sleeve 20 is installed in the first mounting groove 11, and a limiting part is provided on the outer surface of the guide sleeve 20. The universal support assembly 30 includes a ball seat 31, a ball head 32, and a support base 33. 1. Connected to guide sleeve 20, ball head 32 is movably mounted on ball seat 31, support seat 33 is connected to ball head 32, used to support workpiece; elastic element 40 is mounted in first mounting groove 11, one end of elastic element 40 abuts against the bottom of first mounting groove 11, and the other end of elastic element 40 abuts against guide sleeve 20, used to provide elastic force to workpiece; locking element 50 is mounted in second mounting groove 12, locking element 50 is provided with a mating part, the mating part can cooperate with the limiting part to restrict guide sleeve 20 from moving towards the bottom of first mounting groove 11.

[0038] The support device provided in this embodiment, when in use, has its base 10 fixed on the worktable, and the workpiece 100 placed on the worktable. The lower surface of the workpiece 100 contacts and presses down on the support seat 33, causing the guide sleeve 20 to move downward, thereby causing the elastic element 40 to undergo elastic deformation to provide elastic force to the workpiece. At the same time, when the lower surface of the workpiece is a rough surface, due to the presence of the ball head 32, the position of the support seat 33 can be adaptively adjusted to achieve stable support for the lower surface of the workpiece. Then, the position of the locking element 50 is adjusted. Since the first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12 are connected and their extension directions intersect, adjusting the position of the locking element 50 allows the mating part to engage with the limiting part of the guide sleeve 20, thereby restricting the guide sleeve 20 from moving towards the bottom of the guide groove, thus providing stable support for the workpiece, reducing the risk of workpiece deformation during processing, and making the operation convenient and quick, which is beneficial to improving the positioning efficiency and processing quality of the workpiece.

[0039] Due to the elastic force of the elastic element 40, it can store energy during the workpiece pressing process, adapting to the workpiece's own weight without requiring manual adjustment of the support force. Simultaneously, the universal support assembly 30 increases the contact area between the support base 33 and the blank surface at different inclination angles on the bottom of the workpiece, improving support stability and resulting in more uniform stress on the workpiece, reducing the risk of workpiece deformation. Furthermore, it can reduce vibrations generated during processing, extend the service life of cutting tools and processing equipment, and improve processing quality.

[0040] It should be understood that, see Figure 8 As shown, the lower surface of the workpiece 100 is provided with a plurality of process positioning pins 101 (only one is shown in the figure). For example, the workpiece is provided with at least one process positioning pin 101 at each of the four corners. The worktable is provided with a positioning surface 200. The process positioning pins 101 contact the positioning surface 200 to position the workpiece, which facilitates the processing of the upper surface of the workpiece. After the processing is completed, the process positioning pins 101 are removed.

[0041] The support device provided in this embodiment is set at a position where there is no process positioning pin 101, such as the middle of the workpiece and the position near the process positioning pin 101. Since the workpiece is heavy and large, multiple support devices are usually used to provide auxiliary support for different positions of the workpiece.

[0042] In some embodiments, the base 10 can be a rectangular block structure, the first mounting groove 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the rectangular block structure, the cross-sectional shape of the first mounting groove 11 can be circular, the second mounting groove 12 can be disposed on the side of the rectangular block structure, the cross-sectional shape of the second mounting groove 12 can also be circular, and the extension direction of the second mounting groove 12 can be perpendicular to the extension direction of the first mounting groove 11.

[0043] In some embodiments, the elastic element 40 may be, but is not limited to, a compression spring.

[0044] In some embodiments, the locking member 50 can move along the extension direction of the second mounting groove 12. For example, along the extension direction of the second mounting groove 12, the locking member 50 moves toward the guide sleeve 20, so that the mating part engages with the limiting part to restrict the guide sleeve 20 from moving toward the bottom of the first mounting groove 11.

[0045] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support device also includes an adjustment part 60. One end of the adjustment part 60 is threadedly connected to the guide sleeve 20, and the other end of the adjustment part 60 is connected to the ball seat 31. The adjustment part 60 can rotate relative to the guide sleeve 20 to adjust the position of the support seat 33 in the axial direction of the guide sleeve 20.

[0046] The adjusting part 60 may include a rod with external threads (not shown in the figure). The guide sleeve 20 has a threaded blind hole 24 on the surface away from the bottom of the first mounting groove 11. The threaded blind hole 24 mates with the external threads of the rod. The other end of the rod is located outside the threaded blind hole and can be fixedly connected to the ball seat 31.

[0047] Before placing the workpiece on the worktable, the rod can be rotated to reciprocate along its own axis, thereby adjusting the distance between the top of the rod and the positioning surface 200 of the worktable. This, in turn, adjusts the vertical distance between the ball seat 31 and the positioning surface 200. Since the ball seat 31, ball head 32, and support seat 33 are assembled as a whole, the axial position of the support seat 33 in the guide sleeve 20 can be adjusted, ensuring that the vertical distance between the support surface of the support seat 33 and the positioning surface 200 of the worktable is greater than the length of the process positioning pin 101 on the lower surface of the workpiece. For example, the vertical distance between the support surface of the support seat 33 and the positioning surface 200 of the worktable can be 3-5 mm greater than the length of the process positioning pin 101. After the process positioning pin 101 contacts the positioning surface 200, the lower surface of the workpiece abuts against and is pressed down on the support surface of the support seat 33, causing the guide sleeve 20 to compress the elastic element 40, resulting in elastic deformation of the elastic element 40.

[0048] By setting an adjustment part 60, one end of which is threadedly connected to the guide sleeve 20, it is also convenient to replace the adjustment part 60. For example, the adjustment part 60 of different lengths can be replaced according to processing requirements to provide stable and effective support for the workpiece.

[0049] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the support device also includes a pressure detection device, which includes a pressure sensor 71 and a pressure gauge 72. The pressure sensor 71 is connected to the adjustment unit 60 and is located below the ball seat 31. The pressure gauge 72 is connected to the pressure sensor 71.

[0050] Pressure gauge 72 displays the pressure value detected by pressure sensor 71, thus facilitating observation of the supporting force provided by the support device to the workpiece. The readings of pressure gauge 72 on the support device at different locations may be the same or different.

[0051] For example, pressure sensor 71 may be a strain gauge pressure sensor.

[0052] It should be understood that strain gauge pressure sensors are something that those skilled in the art should be able to understand, and are well known and easy to implement for those skilled in the art; therefore, this embodiment will not describe them in detail.

[0053] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the ball seat 31 includes a first sub-seat 311 and a second sub-seat 312. The first sub-seat 311 is connected to the adjustment part 60 and has a receiving cavity. The second sub-seat 312 has a through hole with a diameter smaller than that of the ball head 32. The second sub-seat 312 is connected to the first sub-seat 311 to install the ball head 32 into the receiving cavity.

[0054] For example, the receiving cavity can be a spherical crown-shaped cavity, which is adapted to the spherical contour of the ball head 32, ensuring that the ball head 32 can rotate freely around the center of the sphere, so that the position of the support 33 can be adaptively adjusted according to the lower surface of the workpiece. This eliminates the need for manual adjustment and improves the convenience of operation.

[0055] The support base 33 can be integrally formed with the ball head 32. The support base 33 passes through the through hole, so that the second sub-base 312 can be connected to the first sub-base 311. For example, the through hole of the second sub-base 312 is provided with internal thread, the first sub-base 311 is provided with external thread, and the second sub-base 312 is threadedly connected to the first sub-base 311.

[0056] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the support base 33 is provided with anti-slip texture 331 to increase the friction between the support base 33 and the lower surface of the workpiece.

[0057] In one embodiment, see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the support device also includes a pusher 80, which is connected to the base 10. The pusher 80 can move along the extension direction of the second mounting groove 12 to drive the locking member 50 to move closer to the guide sleeve 20.

[0058] In some embodiments, the pusher 80 can move along the extension direction of the second mounting groove 12 by screwing in or out.

[0059] In other embodiments, the pusher 80 can also be moved back and forth along the extension direction of the second mounting groove 12 by means of plugging and unplugging.

[0060] Figure 3 The diagram shows the internal structure of the support device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, with a cross-sectional view of the base to illustrate the structure disposed within the base. In one embodiment, see... Figure 3 As shown, the pusher 80 includes a threaded pin, the groove wall of the second mounting groove 12 is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the threaded pin engages with the internal thread, and the tail of the threaded pin can abut against the locking member 50.

[0061] The head of the threaded pin is provided with an external thread, and the end face of the head is provided with a hexagonal countersunk hole; the end of the second mounting groove 12 away from the first mounting groove 11 is provided with an internal thread, which meshes with the external thread. Rotating the threaded pin causes the threaded pin to screw into the second mounting groove 12, thereby pushing the locking member 50 to move closer to the guide sleeve 20 until the tail of the threaded pin can abut against the locking member 50. At this time, the mating surface and the limiting surface cooperate to limit the guide sleeve 20.

[0062] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 As shown, the limiting part includes a first inclined surface 21, and the mating part includes a second inclined surface 51. The second inclined surface 51 can abut against the first inclined surface 21 to restrict the guide sleeve 20 from moving towards the bottom of the first mounting groove 11. The second inclined surface 51 can also separate from the first inclined surface 21 to release the restriction on the guide sleeve 20.

[0063] For example, the angle between the first inclined surface 21 and the lower surface of the guide sleeve 20 is an acute angle. For example, the angle between the first inclined surface 21 and the lower surface of the guide sleeve 20 is 60° to 89°.

[0064] When the second inclined surface 51 abuts against the first inclined surface 21, the rotation of the threaded pin stops, and the locking member 50 stops moving. Due to the stopping effect of the second inclined surface 51, the guide sleeve 20 will no longer move downward, thus providing stable support for the workpiece. After the workpiece is removed, the guide sleeve 20 is lifted by the elastic force of the elastic member 40, and the elastic member 40 returns to its original length for future use.

[0065] It should be understood that since the weight of the workpiece processed each time is not necessarily the same, in order to ensure that the elastic element 40 can be naturally compressed during the process of pressing down the support part of the workpiece, and that the guide sleeve 20 will stop moving prematurely due to the premature contact between the first inclined surface 21 and the second inclined surface 51, and thus the elastic element 40 will no longer be compressed, before placing the workpiece, the threaded pin is usually turned outward by a part to ensure that the second inclined surface 51 will not interfere with the first inclined surface 21 during the downward movement of the guide sleeve 20.

[0066] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 As shown, the locking member 50 includes a column, one end of which abuts against the tail of a threaded pin, and a mating part is disposed at the other end of the column. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the column can be circular to facilitate movement within the second mounting groove 12. The end face of one end of the column can be a circular plane, perpendicular to the axis of the column, to facilitate abutment against the tail of the threaded pin; a second inclined surface 51 is disposed at the other end of the column, and for example, the shape of the second inclined surface 51 can be elliptical.

[0067] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 As shown, a third mounting groove 22 is provided on the surface of the guide sleeve 20 near the bottom of the first mounting groove 11. The axis of the third mounting groove 22 is parallel to the axis of the guide sleeve 20. The elastic element 40 is a compression spring. One end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom of the first mounting groove 11, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom of the third mounting groove 22.

[0068] The guide sleeve 20 is generally cylindrical. A third mounting groove 22 is provided on the surface of the cylindrical structure near the bottom of the first mounting groove 11. In use, the bottom of the third mounting groove 22 is above the groove opening. One end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom of the first mounting groove 11, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom of the third mounting groove 22. When the workpiece presses down on the support seat 33 and moves the guide sleeve 20 downwards, the compression spring is compressed, and a gap exists between the lower surface of the guide sleeve 20 and the bottom of the first mounting groove 11.

[0069] It should be understood that when no workpiece is placed, the compression spring can be in a free state. At this time, the support base 33 is pressed down so that the lower surface of the guide sleeve 20 contacts the bottom of the first mounting groove 11, and the guide sleeve no longer moves downward. At this time, marks are made along the upper surface of the base 10 on the outer surface of the guide sleeve 20, the outer surface of the adjustment part 60, the outer surface of the pressure sensor 71, or the outer surface of the universal support assembly 30, and the maximum descent distance is recorded. When the workpiece is placed, the workpiece presses down on the support base 33 and drives the guide sleeve 20 to move downward. The compression spring is compressed. After the workpiece stabilizes, the position of the above marks is observed. If the position of the mark is higher than the upper surface of the base 10, it is considered that there is a gap between the lower surface of the guide sleeve 20 and the bottom of the first mounting groove 11.

[0070] See Figure 6 As shown, the axis of the third mounting groove 22 is parallel to the axis of the guide sleeve 20. In other words, the third mounting groove 22 is eccentrically set relative to the axis of the guide sleeve 20, which can avoid interference between the third mounting groove 22 and the first inclined surface 21.

[0071] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 20 is provided with a first guide groove 23, and the extension direction of the first guide groove 23 is consistent with the length direction of the guide sleeve 20; the base 10 is provided with a first positioning member 13, which extends into the first guide groove 23 so that the guide sleeve 20 can move along the extension direction of the first guide groove 23.

[0072] For example, the first positioning element 13 can be a screw, and the base 10 is provided with a screw hole. The screw mates with the screw hole, so that the screw is fixedly installed on the base 10. The tail of the screw extends into the first guide groove 23, and the screw does not contact the groove wall or bottom of the first guide groove 23 to reduce friction and wear. The screw hole can be a countersunk screw hole to confine the head of the screw within the countersunk hole, ensuring that the outer surface of the base 10 is flat.

[0073] The cooperation between the first guide groove 23 and the first positioning member 13 not only guides the movement of the guide sleeve 20, but also limits the maximum travel of the guide sleeve 20, preventing the guide sleeve 20 from directly rushing out of the first mounting groove 11.

[0074] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 As shown, the surface of the locking member 50 is provided with a second guide groove 52, and the extension direction of the second guide groove 52 is consistent with that of the second mounting groove 12; the base 10 is provided with a second positioning member 14, which extends into the second guide groove 52 so that the locking member 50 can move along the extension direction of the second guide groove 52.

[0075] See Figure 1As shown, the second positioning member 14 and the first positioning member 13 can be disposed at different positions on the same surface of the base 10. For example, the second positioning member 14 can be a screw, and the base 10 is provided with a screw hole. The screw mates with the screw hole, allowing the screw to be fixedly installed on the base 10. The tail of the screw extends into the second guide groove 52, and the screw does not contact the groove wall or bottom of the second guide groove 52 to reduce friction and wear. The screw hole can be a countersunk screw hole to confine the head of the screw within the countersunk hole, ensuring that the outer surface of the base 10 is flat.

[0076] This embodiment provides a clamping device, including a pressure plate and a support device provided in any of the above embodiments. The pressure plate is located above the support device and is used to contact the upper surface of the workpiece.

[0077] The clamping device provided in this embodiment, by using the support device provided in any of the above embodiments, can provide stable support for the workpiece, reduce the risk of workpiece deformation during processing, and is convenient and quick to operate, which is conducive to improving the positioning efficiency and processing quality of the workpiece. In use, the base 10 of the support device is fixed on the worktable, and the workpiece 100 is placed on the worktable. The lower surface of the workpiece contacts and presses down on the support seat 33, causing the guide sleeve 20 to move downward, thereby causing the elastic element 40 to undergo elastic deformation to provide elastic force to the workpiece. At the same time, when the lower surface of the workpiece is a blank surface, due to the presence of the ball head 32, the position of the support seat 33 can be adaptively adjusted to achieve stable support for the lower surface of the workpiece. Then, the position of the locking element 50 is adjusted. Since the first mounting groove 11 and the second mounting groove 12 are connected and their extension directions intersect, adjusting the position of the locking element 50 can make the mating part cooperate with the limiting part of the guide sleeve 20, thereby restricting the guide sleeve 20 from moving towards the bottom of the guide groove. Then, the pressure plate is fixed on the upper surface of the workpiece to realize the positioning and clamping operation of the workpiece.

[0078] For example, the pressure plate is provided with a through hole, and a screw is provided on the worktable. The screw passes through the through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the screw. The pressure plate can fall onto the upper surface of the workpiece under its own gravity, and then the locking nut is screwed on the screw to press the workpiece.

[0079] In one embodiment, the number of pressure plates can be the same as the number of support devices, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0080] It should be noted that the clamping device also includes a pressure plate (not shown in the figure) located above the process positioning pin 101. To clearly describe the technical solution of this embodiment, the pressure plate located above the support device is named the first pressure plate 90, and the pressure plate located above the process positioning pin 101 is named the second pressure plate. After the workpiece is placed on the worktable, the process positioning pin 101 contacts the positioning surface 200. At this time, the second pressure plate can be fixed to the upper surface of the workpiece first, then the position of the locking member 50 can be adjusted, and finally the first pressure plate 90 can be fixed to the upper surface of the workpiece 100 and correspond to the corresponding support device.

[0081] When the first pressure plate 90 is fixed, the reading change can be seen from the pressure gauge 72, which prevents the first pressure plate 90 from applying too much pressure to the workpiece.

[0082] In one embodiment, the clamping device further includes a base 300, which is fixed to the worktable and has an adjustable height. The base 10 is fixed to the base 300, thereby allowing the height of the support 33 to be adjusted according to the dimensions and other characteristics of the workpiece, ensuring that the vertical distance between the support surface of the support 33 and the positioning surface 200 of the worktable is greater than the length of the process positioning pin 101 on the lower surface of the workpiece.

[0083] It should be understood that the base 300 has a larger adjustment range and is considered coarse adjustment, while the adjustment section 60 has a smaller adjustment range and is considered fine adjustment.

[0084] See Figure 8 As shown, a force analysis is performed on a certain part of the workpiece, which is subjected to the following forces: the workpiece's own weight G (vertically downward), the downward pressure F1 applied by the first pressure plate 90, the upward elastic force F2 provided by the elastic element 40, and the upward support force N provided by the support base 33. Assuming the workpiece is in static equilibrium, and ignoring friction and horizontal forces, the forces in the vertical direction satisfy the equilibrium condition: N + F2 - G - F1 = 0.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit them. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A support device, characterized in that, include: The base is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove, the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are connected, and the extending directions of the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove intersect. A guide sleeve is installed in the first mounting groove, and a limiting part is provided on the outer surface of the guide sleeve; The universal support assembly includes a ball seat, a ball head, and a support base. The ball seat is connected to the guide sleeve, the ball head is movably mounted on the ball seat, and the support base is connected to the ball head for supporting the workpiece. An elastic element, wherein the elastic element is installed in the first mounting groove, one end of the elastic element abuts against the bottom of the first mounting groove, and the other end of the elastic element abuts against the guide sleeve, for providing elastic force to the workpiece; and A locking element is installed in the second mounting groove. The locking element is provided with a mating part that can cooperate with the limiting part to restrict the guide sleeve from moving towards the bottom of the first mounting groove.

2. The support device of claim 1, wherein It also includes an adjustment part, one end of which is threadedly connected to the guide sleeve, and the other end of which is connected to the ball seat. The adjustment part is rotatable relative to the guide sleeve to adjust the position of the support seat in the axial direction of the guide sleeve.

3. The support device of claim 2, wherein, It also includes a pressure detection device, which includes a pressure sensor and a pressure gauge. The pressure sensor is connected to the adjustment unit and is located below the ball seat. The pressure gauge is connected to the pressure sensor.

4. The support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ball seat includes a first sub-seat and a second sub-seat. The first sub-seat is connected to the adjustment part and has a receiving cavity. The second sub-seat has a through hole with a diameter smaller than that of the ball head. The second sub-seat is connected to the first sub-seat to install the ball head into the receiving cavity.

5. The support device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a propulsion component connected to the base, which is capable of moving along the extension direction of the second mounting groove to drive the locking component to move closer to the guide sleeve.

6. The support apparatus of claim 5, wherein The propulsion component includes a threaded pin, the groove wall of the second mounting groove is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the threaded pin engages with the internal thread, and the tail of the threaded pin can abut against the locking component.

7. The support device of claim 6, wherein, The locking element includes a column, one end of which abuts against the tail of the threaded pin, and the mating part is disposed at the other end of the column.

8. The support device of claim 1, wherein, The limiting part includes a first inclined surface, and the mating part includes a second inclined surface. The second inclined surface can abut against the first inclined surface to restrict the guide sleeve from moving towards the bottom of the first mounting groove. The second inclined surface can also separate from the first inclined surface to release the restriction on the guide sleeve.

9. The support device of claim 1, wherein, A third mounting groove is provided on the surface of the guide sleeve near the bottom of the first mounting groove. The axis of the third mounting groove is parallel to the axis of the guide sleeve. The elastic element is a compression spring. One end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom of the first mounting groove, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom of the third mounting groove.

10. The support device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The guide sleeve has a first guide groove on its circumferential surface, and the extension direction of the first guide groove is consistent with the length direction of the guide sleeve; the base has a first positioning member that extends into the first guide groove so that the guide sleeve can move along the extension direction of the first guide groove.

11. The support device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The surface of the locking member is provided with a second guide groove, which extends in the same direction as the second mounting groove; the base is provided with a second positioning member, which extends into the second guide groove so that the locking member can move along the extension direction of the second guide groove.

12. A clamping apparatus, characterized by It includes a pressure plate and a support device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the pressure plate is located above the support device and is used to contact the upper surface of the workpiece.

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