A braking system suitable for small-tonnage underground loaders

Abstract

This utility model discloses a braking system suitable for small-tonnage underground loaders, comprising an oil tank, suction filter, oil pump, high-pressure oil filter, flushing valve, accumulator, parking brake valve, foot brake valve, emergency brake valve, and front and rear axle brakes connected sequentially via oil circuits. The system includes multiple one-way valves to prevent oil backflow, an overflow valve to control the system's maximum pressure, and pressure gauges and pressure switches for real-time system pressure monitoring. The return oil routes, via the flushing valve, parking brake valve, foot brake valve, and emergency brake valve, converge into the oil tank through return oil filters. This system effectively solves the problems of unstable pressure and hydraulic oil / transmission oil cross-contamination found in traditional braking systems, offering advantages such as reliable braking response, convenient maintenance, and high safety, making it particularly suitable for the operating conditions of small-tonnage underground loaders.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic braking systems for trackless underground equipment, specifically a braking system suitable for small-tonnage underground loaders. Background Technology

[0002] The braking system of trackless underground equipment is a core component ensuring the safe operation of the equipment, and its performance directly affects the safety and efficiency of underground operations. Currently, the traditional hydraulic braking systems commonly used in small and medium-sized loaders have several common defects: First, the system pressure control precision is insufficient, easily leading to braking pressure fluctuations and unstable braking distances, posing safety hazards in complex working conditions such as wet and slippery conditions and slopes underground; second, cross-contamination between hydraulic oil and transmission system fluids is frequent, not only contaminating the oil and accelerating the aging of seals, but also causing brake performance degradation and abnormal wear of hydraulic components; third, traditional braking systems have a loose layout and scattered maintenance points, making maintenance difficult in the confined space underground, and emergency braking functions often have slow response or require external equipment assistance. Although various improvement schemes have emerged in existing technologies, most focus on increasing rated pressure or adding auxiliary systems, failing to fundamentally solve problems such as low system integration, cross-contamination of oil circuits, and imperfect emergency response mechanisms, especially regarding the adaptability to the compact structure and harsh working conditions of small-tonnage loaders. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dedicated braking system that is compact, reliable, and easy to maintain, in order to improve the overall safety performance and operational efficiency of small-tonnage underground loaders. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a braking system suitable for small-tonnage loader in underground mines, in order to solve problems such as unstable braking pressure, easy oil leakage, and poor braking effect in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a braking system suitable for small-tonnage loader in underground wells, including an oil tank, an oil suction filter connected to the oil tank, an oil pump connected to the oil suction filter, a high-pressure oil filter connected to the outlet of the oil pump, a flushing valve connected to the outlet of the high-pressure oil filter via a first one-way valve, an accumulator connected to the flushing valve, a pressure gauge for detecting system pressure and a first pressure switch for pressure monitoring connected to the accumulator; the flushing valve is also connected to a parking brake valve, a foot brake valve connected to the foot brake valve, and an emergency brake valve connected to the emergency brake valve. The brake system is connected to the first axle brake and the second axle brake via a second check valve; the foot brake valve and the parking brake valve are also connected to a second pressure switch for monitoring their oil circuit pressure; the outlet of the oil pump is also connected to an overflow valve for setting the maximum system pressure; the return port of the flushing valve is connected to a return oil filter, which is connected to the oil tank; the braking system is also equipped with an emergency release pump, the outlet of which is equipped with a third check valve, and the return oil circuits of the emergency release pump and the emergency brake valve are combined and connected to the oil tank; the braking system is also equipped with an external oil port for connecting to an external oil source to release the brake.

[0005] Preferably, the return oil lines of the parking brake valve and the foot brake valve are combined and then connected to the oil tank.

[0006] Preferably, the second pressure switch monitors the oil pressure of the foot brake valve and the parking brake valve in real time, and the pressure gauge detects the system pressure at the accumulator.

[0007] Preferably, the overflow valve sets the maximum operating pressure of the braking system.

[0008] Preferably, the first check valve, the second check valve, and the third check valve are used to prevent hydraulic oil from flowing in reverse and to protect the system circuit.

[0009] The working process of this utility model is as follows: After the equipment is started, the oil pump draws hydraulic oil from the oil tank through the suction filter. After being filtered by the high-pressure oil filter, the oil enters the flushing valve through the first check valve. The flushing valve first charges the accumulator with pressurized oil. When the accumulator pressure reaches the set value, the flushing valve switches to standby mode. At this time, the pressure gauge displays the system pressure, and the first pressure switch monitors the accumulator pressure status.

[0010] During normal braking, when the driver depresses the foot brake valve, pressurized oil from the parking brake valve passes through the foot brake valve and the emergency brake valve, and then through the second check valve into the first and second axle brakes to achieve service braking. During braking, the second pressure switch monitors the pressure value at the foot brake valve outlet in real time and feeds the signal back to the instruments in the driver's cab.

[0011] When the parking brake is engaged, operating the parking brake valve to the parking position cuts off the pressure oil circuit to the foot brake valve, while simultaneously allowing oil to return to the brake circuit. The parking brake is then applied under spring force. A second pressure switch simultaneously monitors the pressure status of the parking brake valve.

[0012] When a system malfunction causes insufficient pressure, the emergency brake valve automatically switches to emergency mode. The pressurized oil stored in the accumulator enters the brake through the emergency brake valve to achieve emergency braking. At this time, an external oil source can be connected through the external oil port to forcibly release the brake for vehicle relocation.

[0013] The relief valve limits the system's maximum operating pressure to prevent system overload. The first check valve prevents backflow of pressurized oil; the second check valve prevents brake-side pressure from impacting the main oil circuit; and the third check valve prevents oil backflow when the emergency release pump is operating. The return oil filter ensures the cleanliness of the oil returning to the tank.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: (1) The overall structure of this utility model is compact, the interface is clear, and the emergency function is complete. It is particularly suitable for the narrow space and harsh working conditions in the well. Its modular design facilitates quick maintenance and component replacement. The external oil port and emergency release pump ensure the braking release and equipment relocation capability in case of emergencies, which greatly improves the adaptability and safety level of the whole vehicle.

[0015] (2) This utility model achieves real-time feedback and precise control of braking pressure through multi-level pressure monitoring and overall oil circuit design, effectively avoiding the braking failure problem caused by pressure fluctuation in traditional systems, and significantly improving the reliability and consistency of braking response.

[0016] (3) The system of this utility model adopts multiple check valves and a dedicated return oil passage design to completely isolate the flow path of hydraulic oil and transmission oil, thereby preventing the cross-contamination of oil from the source. This not only maintains the cleanliness of the oil, but also extends the service life of hydraulic components and reduces the failure rate. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system principle of this utility model; In the diagram: 1-Suction filter, 2-Oil pump, 3-High-pressure oil filter, 4-Relief valve, 5-Flush valve, 6-Accumulator, 7-Pressure gauge, 8-First pressure switch, 9-Parking brake valve, 10-Foot brake valve, 11-Emergency brake valve, 12-Second pressure switch, 13-First axle brake, 14-Second axle brake, 15-Second check valve, 16-Emergency release pump, 17-Third check valve, 18-Return oil filter, 19-Oil tank, 20-First check valve, 21-External oil port for releasing brake preflow. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figure 1 The braking system shown is suitable for a small-tonnage loader in a well, including an oil tank 19, an oil suction filter 1, an oil pump 2, a high-pressure oil filter 3, an overflow valve 4, a flushing valve 5, an accumulator 6, a pressure gauge 7, a first pressure switch 8, a parking brake valve 9, a foot brake valve 10, an emergency brake valve 11, a second pressure switch 12, a first axle brake 13, a second axle brake 14, a second check valve 15, an emergency release pump 16, a third check valve 17, a return oil filter 18, and an external oil port 21 for releasing the brake preflow.

[0020] The hydraulic circuit connections of the system are as follows: the outlet of the oil tank 19 is connected to the inlet of the suction filter 1, and the outlet of the suction filter 1 is connected to the inlet of the oil pump 2. The outlet of the oil pump 2 is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure oil filter 3, and the other path is connected to the inlet of the relief valve 4. The outlet of the relief valve 4 is connected back to the oil tank 19 and is used to set the maximum working pressure of the system to prevent system overload.

[0021] The outlet of the high-pressure oil filter 3 is connected to the inlet P of the flushing valve 5 via a first one-way valve 20. The outlet A of the flushing valve 5 is connected to the oil port of the accumulator 6 for charging the accumulator 6 with high-pressure oil. The accumulator 6 is equipped with a pressure gauge 7 and a first pressure switch 8. The pressure gauge 7 is used to visually display the system pressure, and the first pressure switch 8 is used for system pressure monitoring. When the pressure is lower than the set value, it can issue an alarm signal or trigger the corresponding control logic.

[0022] The working port B of the flushing valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the parking brake valve 9. The parking brake valve 9 is a two-position three-way valve, and its working port is connected to the inlet of the foot brake valve 10. The outlet of the foot brake valve 10 is connected to the inlet of the emergency brake valve 11. The outlet of the emergency brake valve 11 is divided into two paths after passing through the second check valve 15, which are respectively connected to the first axle brake 13 and the second axle brake 14.

[0023] The return ports T of the foot brake valve 10 and the parking brake valve 9 are combined and then connected back to the oil tank 19. The return port T of the emergency brake valve 11 is combined with the return port of the emergency release pump 16 and then connected back to the oil tank 19.

[0024] The return port T of the flushing valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the return oil filter 18, and the outlet of the return oil filter 18 is connected back to the oil tank 19.

[0025] The emergency release pump 16 is equipped with a third check valve 17 at its outlet to prevent backflow of oil. The external oil port 21 for releasing the brake preflow is located on the pipeline between the emergency brake valve 11 and the second check valve 15, and is used to connect an external oil source to release the brake when the system loses pressure.

[0026] The working process of the braking system of this utility model is as follows: After the equipment is started, oil pump 2 draws hydraulic oil from oil tank 19 through suction filter 1. After being filtered by high-pressure oil filter 3, the oil enters flushing valve 5 through first check valve 20. Flushing valve 5 first charges accumulator 6 with pressurized oil. When the pressure in accumulator 6 reaches the set value, flushing valve 5 switches to standby state. At this time, pressure gauge 7 displays the system pressure, and first pressure switch 8 monitors the accumulator pressure status.

[0027] During normal braking, when the driver depresses the foot brake valve 10, pressurized oil from the parking brake valve 9 passes through the foot brake valve 10 and the emergency brake valve 11, and then through the second check valve 15 into the first axle brake 13 and the second axle brake 14 to achieve service braking. During braking, the second pressure switch 12 monitors the pressure value at the outlet of the foot brake valve 10 in real time and feeds the signal back to the instrument panel in the cab.

[0028] When the parking brake is engaged, operating the parking brake valve 9 to the parking position cuts off the pressure oil circuit to the foot brake valve 10, while simultaneously allowing oil to return to the brake circuit. The parking brake is then applied under the action of the spring force. The second pressure switch 12 simultaneously monitors the pressure status of the parking brake valve 9.

[0029] When a system malfunction causes insufficient pressure, the emergency brake valve 11 automatically switches to emergency mode. The pressurized oil stored in the accumulator 6 enters the brake through the emergency brake valve 11 to achieve emergency braking. At this time, an external oil source can be connected through the external oil port 21 to forcibly release the brake for vehicle relocation.

[0030] The relief valve 4 limits the system's maximum operating pressure to prevent system overload. The first check valve 20 prevents backflow of pressurized oil; the second check valve 15 prevents brake-side pressure from impacting the main oil circuit; and the third check valve 17 prevents backflow of oil when the emergency release pump 16 is operating. The return oil filter 18 ensures the cleanliness of the oil returning to the tank.

[0031] Through the above-mentioned structural design and workflow, this utility model achieves stable control of braking pressure, effectively prevents the cross-contamination of hydraulic oil and transmission oil, improves the reliability and service life of the braking system, and is particularly suitable for the working conditions of small-tonnage underground loaders.

[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, based on the technical teachings provided by this utility model and as common knowledge in the mechanical field, other equivalent modifications and improvements can be made, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A braking system suitable for small-tonnage underground loaders, characterized in that... : The system includes an oil tank (19), which is connected to an oil suction filter (1). The oil suction filter (1) is connected to an oil pump (2). The outlet of the oil pump (2) is connected to a high-pressure oil filter (3). The outlet of the high-pressure oil filter (3) is connected to a flushing valve (5) via a first check valve (20). The flushing valve (5) is connected to an accumulator (6). The accumulator (6) is connected to a pressure gauge (7) for detecting system pressure and a first pressure switch (8) for pressure monitoring. The flushing valve (5) is also connected to a parking brake valve (9). The parking brake valve (9) is connected to a foot brake valve (10). The foot brake valve (10) is connected to an emergency brake valve (11). The emergency brake valve (11) is connected to the first axle brake via a second check valve (15). 13) Connected to the second axle brake (14); the foot brake valve (10) and parking brake valve (9) are also connected to a second pressure switch (12) for monitoring their oil circuit pressure; the outlet of the oil pump (2) is also connected to an overflow valve (4) for setting the maximum system pressure; the return port of the flushing valve (5) is connected to a return oil filter (18), and the return oil filter (18) is connected to the oil tank (19); the braking system is also equipped with an emergency release pump (16), the outlet of the emergency release pump (16) is equipped with a third check valve (17), and the return oil circuits of the emergency release pump (16) and the emergency brake valve (11) are combined and connected to the oil tank (19); the braking system is also equipped with an external oil port (21) for connecting to an external oil source to release the brake.

2. The braking system for a small tonnage shovel for use in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return oil circuits of the parking brake valve (9) and the foot brake valve (10) are combined and then connected to the oil tank (19).

3. The braking system for a small tonnage shovel for use in a mine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second pressure switch (12) monitors the oil circuit pressure of the foot brake valve (10) and the parking brake valve (9) in real time, and the pressure gauge (7) detects the system pressure at the accumulator (6).

4. The brake system for a small tonnage shovel as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The overflow valve (4) sets the maximum working pressure of the braking system.

5. A braking system for a small tonnage shovel for use in a mine according to claim 4 wherein: The first check valve (20), the second check valve (15), and the third check valve (17) are used to prevent hydraulic oil from flowing in reverse and to protect the system circuit.

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