A device for handling frozen coal in train coal carriages
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-14
AI Technical Summary
现有技术清除火车运煤冬季车厢冻煤的方式，需要投入大量的人力成本，且人工破碎冻煤效率极为低下
[0015]本实用新型提供的火车运煤车厢冻煤处理装置，通过升降驱动装置和钻杆驱动装置能够带动空心钻杆螺旋钻进，在钻头的作用下，钻入运煤车厢底部冻煤内，之后高温蒸汽通过蒸汽母管和蒸汽分管进入空心钻杆的内腔，再经空心钻杆底部的喷汽孔喷入运煤车厢底部冻煤里；一方面由旋转钻头直接作用于车厢底部的冻结煤块进行旋转破碎，另一方面，将高温高压蒸汽推入底部冻煤，可以达到解冻疏松使其与车厢壁剥离的目的；当车厢底部的冻结煤块融化后，在升降驱动装置和钻杆驱动装置的作用下，钻头逐渐退出，在退出过程中，高温蒸汽持续对车厢内冻结煤块进行加热解冻。本装置采用机械化处理，无需人工清理，降低人工成本，提高处理效率，相较于采用小型挖掘机的清理方式，能够避免损坏火车车厢，提高生产过程的安全性，经过螺旋钻进破碎和高温蒸汽的解冻处理后，便于后续通过翻车机进行卸煤，提高卸煤效率，保障生产用煤需要。
Smart Images
Figure CN224632844U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of frozen coal treatment technology, and in particular to a frozen coal treatment device for train coal carriages. Background Technology
[0002] In the frigid regions of northern China, when winter temperatures drop below -20°C, coal transported by train, with a moisture content exceeding 8%, easily seeps and accumulates at the bottom corners and edges of the coal wagons. Prolonged exposure to the low temperatures causes these wagons to freeze and adhere to the floor, forming stubborn lumps of frozen coal that are difficult to remove. This prevents the coal from being unloaded from the wagons during the tipping process. Currently, the method for removing frozen coal lumps from train wagons after unloading involves extensive manual labor using tools like pneumatic picks to break up the frozen coal. When the frozen coal is large and hard enough to be removed manually, a small excavator is needed to lift it into the wagon for breaking, followed by shovels to remove the broken lumps. This existing method of removing frozen coal from train wagons in winter requires a significant investment of manpower, and manual breaking is extremely inefficient. Furthermore, manual operation and the use of small excavators to remove frozen coal pose safety risks, including personnel injury and damage to the train wagons, increasing costs. The above methods, due to the difficulty in unloading coal, increase the unloading time of the entire train, restrict normal coal demand, and seriously affect the efficiency of coal unloading from the train. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a frozen coal handling device for train coal carriages, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce labor costs, improve processing efficiency, avoid damage to train carriages, improve the safety of the production process, improve the efficiency of subsequent tippler unloading, and ensure the coal needs for production.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:
[0005] This utility model provides a frozen coal handling device for train coal carriages, including a drilling mechanism, a steam main pipe, and steam branch pipes. The drilling mechanism includes a hollow drill rod, a drill bit, a lifting frame, a lifting drive device, and a drill rod drive device. The lifting drive device is fixed in the tipper room and connected to the lifting frame to drive the lifting frame to move up and down. The hollow drill rod is rotatably connected to the lifting frame and is driven to rotate by the drill rod drive device. The drill bit is fixed to the bottom of the hollow drill rod. Multiple steam injection holes are provided on the side wall of the hollow drill rod near the drill bit. The steam injection holes are connected to the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod. The upper end of the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod is connected to one end of the steam branch pipe through a rotary joint. The other end of the steam branch pipe is connected to the steam main pipe. A control valve is provided on the steam main pipe.
[0006] In one embodiment, the drilling mechanism is provided in six parts, corresponding to the four corners and the middle of the two long sides of the coal car.
[0007] In one embodiment, the lifting drive device is a hydraulic cylinder.
[0008] In one embodiment, the drill pipe driving device includes a drive motor, a drive gear, and a driven gear. The drive motor is fixed to the lifting frame, the drive gear is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the driven gear is fixed to the hollow drill pipe and meshes with the drive gear.
[0009] In one embodiment, the steam header is also equipped with a maintenance isolation electric valve.
[0010] In one embodiment, the lifting frame is slidably connected to a steel frame, and the steel frame is fixed to the top of the tippler room.
[0011] In one embodiment, a controller is also included, and both the lifting drive device and the drill rod drive device are electrically connected to the controller.
[0012] In one embodiment, the control valve is an electromagnetic control valve.
[0013] In one embodiment, a displacement sensor is installed at the upper end of the lifting frame to detect the lifting displacement of the lifting frame.
[0014] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art:
[0015] The frozen coal handling device for train coal carriages provided by this utility model uses a lifting drive device and a drill rod drive device to drive a hollow drill rod to spiral drill into the frozen coal at the bottom of the coal carriage. Under the action of the drill bit, the drill rod penetrates into the frozen coal at the bottom of the coal carriage. Then, high-temperature steam enters the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod through the steam header and steam branch pipes, and is then injected into the frozen coal at the bottom of the coal carriage through the steam injection hole at the bottom of the hollow drill rod. On the one hand, the rotating drill bit directly acts on the frozen coal at the bottom of the carriage to rotate and break it up. On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam pushes into the frozen coal at the bottom, which can achieve the purpose of thawing and loosening it so that it can be separated from the carriage wall. After the frozen coal at the bottom of the carriage melts, the drill bit gradually withdraws under the action of the lifting drive device and the drill rod drive device. During the withdrawal process, the high-temperature steam continuously heats and thaws the frozen coal in the carriage. This device employs mechanized processing, eliminating the need for manual cleaning, reducing labor costs, and improving processing efficiency. Compared to cleaning methods using small excavators, it avoids damaging train carriages and enhances the safety of the production process. After being crushed by spiral drilling and thawed by high-temperature steam, the coal is easily unloaded via a tipper, improving unloading efficiency and ensuring the coal supply for production. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the frozen coal handling device for train coal carriages in this embodiment of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view showing the positional relationship between the six hollow drill rods and the coal transport car in this embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] In the diagram: 1-Drilling mechanism, 2-Steam main pipe, 3-Steam branch pipe, 4-Hollow drill rod, 5-Drill bit, 6-Lifting frame, 7-Lifting drive device, 8-Drill rod drive device, 9-Steam injection hole, 10-Rotary joint, 11-Control valve, 12-Coal car body, 13-Drive motor, 14-Drive gear, 15-Driven gear, 16-Maintenance isolation electric valve, 17-Steel frame. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0021] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a frozen coal handling device for train coal carriages, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce labor costs, improve processing efficiency, avoid damage to train carriages, improve the safety of the production process, improve the efficiency of subsequent tippler unloading, and ensure the coal needs of production.
[0022] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0023] like Figures 1-2As shown, this embodiment provides a frozen coal handling device for a train coal car, including a drilling mechanism 1, a steam main pipe 2, and a steam branch pipe 3. The drilling mechanism 1 includes a hollow drill rod 4, a drill bit 5, a lifting frame 6, a lifting drive device 7, and a drill rod drive device 8. The lifting drive device 7 is fixed in the tipper room and is connected to the lifting frame 6 to drive the lifting frame 6 to rise and fall. The hollow drill rod 4 is rotatably connected to the lifting frame 6 and is driven to rotate by the drill rod drive device 8. The drill bit 5 is fixed to the bottom of the hollow drill rod 4. Multiple steam injection holes 9 are provided on the side wall of the hollow drill rod 4 near the drill bit 5. The steam injection holes 9 are connected to the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod 4. The upper end of the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod 4 is connected to one end of the steam branch pipe 3 through a rotary joint 10. The other end of the steam branch pipe 3 is connected to the steam main pipe 2. A control valve 11 is provided on the steam main pipe 2.
[0024] In operation, the hollow drill rod 4 is driven by the lifting drive device 7 and the drill rod drive device 8 to spiral drill into the frozen coal at the bottom of the coal car 12 under the action of the drill bit 5. Then, high-temperature and high-pressure steam (pressure controlled at about 0.5 MPa and temperature controlled at about 260℃) enters the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod 4 through the steam header 2 and steam branch pipe 3, and is then injected into the frozen coal at the bottom of the coal car 12 through the steam injection hole 9 at the bottom of the hollow drill rod 4. On the one hand, the rotating drill bit 5 directly acts on the frozen coal at the bottom of the car to rotate and break it. On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam pushes into the frozen coal at the bottom, which can achieve the purpose of thawing and loosening it so that it can be separated from the car wall. Secondly, the wet steam can also be used to humidify the coal layer above the car to reduce dust during the tipper unloading process, which plays an environmental protection role. When the frozen coal at the bottom of the car melts, the drill bit 5 is gradually withdrawn under the action of the lifting drive device 7 and the drill rod drive device 8. During the withdrawal process, the high-temperature steam continues to heat and thaw the frozen coal in the car. This device employs mechanized processing, eliminating the need for manual cleaning, reducing labor costs, and improving processing efficiency. Compared to cleaning methods using small excavators, it avoids damaging train carriages and enhances the safety of the production process. After being crushed by spiral drilling and thawed by high-temperature steam, the coal is easily unloaded via a tipper, improving unloading efficiency and ensuring the coal supply for production.
[0025] In this embodiment, six drilling mechanisms 1 are provided, corresponding to the four corners and the middle of the two long sides of the coal car 12, respectively. The upper end of the hollow drill rod 4 of each drilling mechanism 1 is connected to the steam main pipe 2 through a steam branch pipe 3. Through the six drilling mechanisms 1, spiral drilling can be performed at the four corners and the middle of the two long sides of the coal car 12, and the frozen coal can be thawed by high-temperature steam, so that the coal blocks in the entire car can be effectively thawed.
[0026] In this embodiment, the lifting drive device 7 is a hydraulic cylinder, which drives the lifting frame 6 to rise and fall, thereby driving the hollow drill rod 4 to rise and fall.
[0027] In this embodiment, the drill pipe drive device 8 includes a drive motor 13, a driving gear 14, and a driven gear 15. The drive motor 13 is fixed to the lifting frame 6, the driving gear 14 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 13, and the driven gear 15 is fixed to the hollow drill pipe 4 and meshes with the driving gear 14. The drive motor 13 drives the driving gear 14 to rotate, and the rotation of the driving gear 14 drives the driven gear 15 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the hollow drill pipe 4.
[0028] In this embodiment, a maintenance isolation electric valve 16 is also provided on the steam header 2. If a single drilling mechanism 1 or the entire steam system of the device leaks steam and needs maintenance, the control valve 11 and the maintenance isolation electric valve 16 can be closed to ensure the safety of the device's steam pipeline maintenance process.
[0029] In this embodiment, the lifting frame 6 is slidably connected to the steel frame 17, and the steel frame 17 is fixed to the top of the tipper room.
[0030] In this embodiment, a controller is also included, and the lifting drive device 7 and the drill pipe drive device 8 are both electrically connected to the controller. The operation of the lifting drive device 7 and the drill pipe drive device 8 can be controlled by the controller, thereby improving the level of automation.
[0031] In this embodiment, the control valve 11 is an electromagnetic control valve. The control valve 11 can be connected to a remote DCS or PLC control system to achieve remote control or unmanned automated logic control of the system.
[0032] In this embodiment, a displacement sensor is installed at the upper end of the lifting frame 6 to detect the lifting displacement of the lifting frame 6. The displacement sensor is connected to a remote DCS or PLC control system and is equipped with interlock protection. According to different car body depths, the drilling depth can be preset. When the displacement sensor detects that the drilling depth has reached the preset depth, the lifting drive device 7 stops operating to prevent the drill bit 5 from drilling too deep and damaging the bottom of the car body.
[0033] The frozen coal handling device for train coal carriages provided by this utility model has the following technical advantages:
[0034] 1. High efficiency: Compared with manual crushing, this device can use high-temperature and high-pressure steam to quickly act on frozen coal blocks, greatly shortening the time for thawing and crushing frozen coal and separating it from the car body, improving the efficiency of subsequent tippler unloading, and thus ensuring the coal needs for production.
[0035] 2. Energy saving: Steam is a common energy medium that is relatively easy to obtain near factories such as thermal power plants. During the entire thawing process, through reasonable pipeline layout and steam flow control, steam energy can be effectively utilized to reduce energy waste. At the same time, the use of steam can offset the carbon emission indicators of thermal power plants, thereby improving the economic efficiency of thermal power plants.
[0036] 3. Reliability: Steam can penetrate deep into the bottom of the car through the hollow drill rod, so that frozen coal blocks at the four corners and sides of the car can be fully thawed, loosened and separated from the car, avoiding the situation of incomplete cleaning in some areas that may occur with manual operation.
[0037] 4. Safety: This device can be operated without human intervention, which greatly reduces labor costs and avoids the need for personnel to participate in the breaking of frozen coal, thus improving the safety of the production process.
[0038] 5. Environmental friendliness: During coal unloading, the steam introduced into the car can moisten the coal dust and suppress dust, reducing environmental pollution and meeting environmental protection requirements.
[0039] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
Claims
1. A coal freezing treatment device for a coal train car, characterized by: The system includes a drilling mechanism, a steam header, and steam branch pipes. The drilling mechanism comprises a hollow drill rod, a drill bit, a lifting frame, a lifting drive device, and a drill rod drive device. The lifting drive device is fixed inside the tipper room and is connected to the lifting frame to drive the lifting frame to move up and down. The hollow drill rod is rotatably connected to the lifting frame and is driven to rotate by the drill rod drive device. The drill bit is fixed to the bottom of the hollow drill rod. The hollow drill rod has multiple steam injection holes on its side wall near the drill bit, and these holes communicate with the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod. The upper end of the inner cavity of the hollow drill rod is connected to one end of the steam branch pipe via a rotary joint. The other end of the steam branch pipe is connected to the steam header, and the steam header is equipped with a control valve.
2. The train coal car freeze coal treatment apparatus of claim 1 wherein: The drilling mechanism consists of six parts, corresponding to the four corners and the middle of the two long sides of the coal car.
3. The train coal car freeze coal treatment apparatus of claim 1 wherein: The lifting drive device is a hydraulic cylinder.
4. The train coal car freeze coal treatment apparatus of claim 1 wherein: The drill pipe drive device includes a drive motor, a drive gear, and a driven gear. The drive motor is fixed on the lifting frame, the drive gear is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the driven gear is fixed on the hollow drill pipe and meshes with the drive gear.
5. The train coal car freeze coal treatment apparatus of claim 1 wherein: The steam header is also equipped with a maintenance isolation electric valve.
6. The train coal car freeze protection apparatus of claim 1 wherein: The lifting frame is slidably connected to the steel frame, and the steel frame is fixed to the top of the tippler room.
7. The train coal car freeze protection apparatus of claim 1 wherein: It also includes a controller, and both the lifting drive device and the drill rod drive device are electrically connected to the controller.
8. The train coal car freeze protection system of claim 7 wherein: The control valve is an electromagnetic control valve.
9. The train coal car freeze protection system of claim 7 wherein: A displacement sensor is installed at the upper end of the lifting frame to detect the lifting displacement of the lifting frame.