A type of adapter

Abstract

This application proposes a transfer device for connecting an oil transfer arm to a vessel docked at a pier to deliver fuel medium to the vessel. The device includes: a first flange for connecting the oil transfer arm; a second flange for connecting the vessel's oil inlet; a flexible oil transfer pipe connecting the first and second flanges to form a channel for delivering the fuel medium; and multiple spacers fitted onto the flexible oil transfer pipe and spaced apart along the axial direction of the flexible oil transfer pipe, such that a rotatable joint is formed between each pair of adjacent spacers. When the flexible oil transfer pipe bends, adjacent spacers can contact each other, thereby limiting the maximum bending angle of the flexible oil transfer pipe. This solves the technical problem in the prior art where flexible transfer pipelines suffer from excessive bending, local folding, and reduced or even closed flow cross-section due to lack of external support. It significantly enhances the deformation resistance of the flexible oil transfer pipe under bending conditions, preventing irregular collapse or folding during bending.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of marine oil transfer equipment, and more particularly to a transfer device. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of refueling ships docked at piers, traditional equipment typically employs a fixed refueling unit with a transfer arm. One end of this arm connects to a shore-based oil storage system, while the other end extends to the ship's berthing area, allowing for some degree of freedom of movement and adjustment to align with the ship's fuel inlet. To achieve continuous fuel delivery, traditional technology uses a rigid transfer pipeline to directly connect the end of the transfer arm to the ship's fuel inlet. This transfer pipeline is mostly constructed of metal pipes, achieving a rigid, sealed connection with the transfer arm and the ship's fuel inlet via flanges or threads. While this structure can stably deliver fuel under ideal static conditions, it lacks adaptability to changes in ship displacement and attitude caused by tides, waves, or currents. Stress concentration can easily occur at the connection points, potentially leading to loosening of connections, seal failure, or even fuel leaks and other safety incidents with prolonged use.

[0003] To address the adaptability issues of rigid connections in dynamic environments, existing technologies propose modifying the transfer pipeline from a rigid structure to a flexible pipeline, employing a flexible hose with certain pressure resistance and oil resistance as the oil delivery channel. This flexible transfer pipeline connects one end to the end of the oil delivery arm and the other end to the ship's oil inlet, utilizing the hose's own bending and deformation capabilities to absorb the vertical, horizontal, and forward / backward swaying and displacement caused by wind, waves, tides, or loading and unloading during berthing. This flexible connection method effectively reduces the mechanical stress on the oil delivery arm and ship interface caused by ship movement, preventing connection structure breakage or seal failure due to relative displacement, thereby improving the safety and reliability of refueling operations, and is particularly suitable for dock environments with complex sea conditions or large tidal ranges.

[0004] However, while flexible hoses offer advantages in mitigating the effects of ship motion, they also have significant drawbacks. Due to the lack of effective external support during bending, flexible hoses may fold due to excessive bending during significant ship swaying or displacement, resulting in a significant reduction or even complete closure of the internal flow cross-section. This phenomenon not only severely hinders normal fuel flow and reduces refueling efficiency but can also cause a sharp increase in oil pressure due to abrupt changes in flow path, impacting the fuel delivery system and increasing the risk of hose rupture, joint detachment, or pump overload. Furthermore, repeated folding of the hose can accelerate material fatigue, shorten its service life, and pose potential leakage and environmental pollution hazards. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a transfer device that solves the technical problem in the prior art where flexible transfer pipelines suffer from excessive bending, local folding, and even closure of the flow cross-section due to lack of external support by setting multiple spacer discs arranged axially on the flexible oil pipeline. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] This application provides a transfer device for connecting an oil delivery arm to a ship docked at a pier to deliver fuel medium to the ship. The device includes: a first flange for connecting the oil delivery arm; a second flange for connecting the ship's oil delivery port; a flexible oil delivery pipe connecting the first flange and the second flange to form a channel for delivering fuel medium; and a plurality of spacers sleeved on the flexible oil delivery pipe and spaced apart along the axial direction of the flexible oil delivery pipe so that a relatively rotatable joint is formed between every two adjacent spacers.

[0007] When the flexible oil pipeline bends, the two adjacent spacers can contact each other, thereby limiting the maximum bending angle of the flexible oil pipeline.

[0008] In one embodiment, the system further includes: a drive assembly mounted on the flexible oil pipeline and located between the first flange and each spacer; and a traction assembly connected to the drive assembly and each spacer, so as to drive the traction assembly to pull each spacer through the drive assembly, thereby causing the flexible oil pipeline to bend through each spacer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the drive assembly includes: a housing fitted onto a flexible oil pipeline, with a wire-passing hole around the flexible oil pipeline at the bottom of the housing; multiple drive motors disposed within the housing; and multiple take-up reels, each of which is drively connected to the output shaft of a corresponding drive motor.

[0010] The traction assembly includes: multiple steel cables, each connected to and wound around a corresponding take-up reel, each steel cable passing through a through hole and sequentially passing through each spacer along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline; and multiple limiting members, each limiting member installed at the end of a corresponding steel cable, each limiting member abutting against the spacer furthest from the first flange.

[0011] In one embodiment, the traction assembly further includes: a plurality of elastic elements that pass through each spacer in sequence along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline, and the two ends of the elastic elements are connected to the two outermost spacers distributed along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline, so that the elastic elements can store elastic potential energy when the flexible oil pipeline bends.

[0012] In one embodiment, the number of each elastic element is the same as the number of each steel cable and they correspond one-to-one, with each elastic element being sleeved on the corresponding steel cable.

[0013] In one embodiment, the system further includes a position sensor mounted on the second flange and signal-connected to the drive assembly, the position sensor being used to sense the spatial position information of the second flange.

[0014] In one embodiment, it further includes: a proximity sensor, mounted on the second flange and signal-connected to the drive assembly, the proximity sensor being used to sense the distance between the second flange and the oil inlet.

[0015] In one embodiment, it further includes: a pressure sensor, mounted on the second flange and signal-connected to the drive assembly, the pressure sensor being used to detect the pressure generated when the second flange is connected to the oil inlet.

[0016] In one embodiment, it further includes: a fixed base, disposed on the spacer plate furthest from the first flange; and a camera component, mounted on the fixed base, with the camera component projecting its image onto the second flange for photographing the connection between the second flange and the oil inlet.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the aforementioned technical solution proposes a transfer device that provides continuous external structural support for the flexible oil pipeline by incorporating multiple spacer discs. This significantly enhances the flexible oil pipeline's resistance to deformation during bending, preventing irregular collapse or folding during bending and thus maintaining pipeline unobstructed flow and structural stability. A rotatable joint structure is formed between adjacent spacer discs, allowing the flexible oil pipeline to bend freely within a certain range to adapt to dynamic displacements caused by tides, waves, and other factors. More importantly, when the flexible oil pipeline bends to a certain angle, adjacent spacer discs can contact each other and form a physical limit, effectively restricting further bending and preventing excessive bending or local folding of the hose. This prevents a sharp reduction in the pipeline's inner diameter or even complete closure, ensuring stable and efficient delivery of the fuel medium and significantly improving the continuity and safety of refueling operations.

[0018] In summary, this application not only overcomes the structural defects of existing flexible transfer pipelines in dynamic environments, but also achieves effective constraints on bending behavior without sacrificing connection flexibility, thus possessing high safety, high reliability, and good engineering practicality.

[0019] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of this application will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. First flange; 2. Second flange; 3. Flexible oil pipeline; 4. Spacer disc; 5. Housing; 6. Drive motor; 7. Take-up reel; 8. Steel cable; 9. Limiting element; 10. Elastic element; 11. Position sensor; 12. Proximity sensor; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Mounting base; 15. Camera component;

[0025] 501. Threading hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this application proposes a transfer device for connecting an oil delivery arm to a ship docked at a pier to deliver fuel medium to the ship. The transfer device may include: a first flange 1 for connecting the oil delivery arm; a second flange 2 for connecting the ship's oil delivery port; a flexible oil delivery pipe 3 for connecting the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 to form a channel for delivering fuel medium; and a plurality of spacer discs 4, sleeved on the outside of the flexible oil delivery pipe 3 and spaced apart along the axial direction of the flexible oil delivery pipe 3, so that a relatively rotatable joint is formed between every two adjacent spacer discs 4.

[0028] When the flexible oil pipeline 3 bends, the two adjacent spacer discs 4 can come into contact with each other, thereby limiting the maximum bending angle of the flexible oil pipeline 3.

[0029] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 can be fixed to the target equipment with fasteners, and the fuel medium is transported through the inlet and outlet in the middle of the flanges in conjunction with the flexible oil pipe 3. For example, in this embodiment, the first flange 1 is used to connect to the end of the oil delivery arm, while the second flange 2 is used to connect to the oil delivery port of the ship. The flexible oil pipe 3 is connected between the first flange 1 and the second flange 2 to serve as a channel for transporting the fuel medium. The flexible oil pipe 3 can be made of a material with flexible deformation function, such as fluororubber, oil-resistant nitrile rubber, polyurethane, etc. In use, when the ship swings on the water, the position of the second flange 2 also changes continuously. The flexible oil pipe 3 can bend through its flexible deformation function to adapt to the changing position of the second flange 2. Multiple spacer discs 4 are also fixedly installed on the flexible oil pipeline 3 in a sleeve manner. The number of spacer discs 4 can be determined according to the length of the flexible oil pipeline 3. The spacer discs 4 can provide outward support to the flexible oil pipeline 3, effectively preventing the flexible oil pipeline 3 from structurally collapsing. In this embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent spacer discs 4 can be determined according to the bending angle of the flexible oil pipeline 3. It should be explained that when bending the part of the flexible oil pipeline 3 between two adjacent spacer discs 4, after bending to a certain angle, the two adjacent spacer discs 4 can contact each other, thereby preventing that part of the flexible oil pipeline 3 from bending multiple degrees along one angle. Thus, during the bending process of the flexible oil pipeline 3, the inner diameter of the flexible oil pipeline 3 can be prevented from shrinking sharply or even closing, affecting the refueling efficiency.

[0030] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, it further includes: a drive assembly, installed on the flexible oil pipeline 3 and located between the first flange 1 and each spacer 4; and a traction assembly, connected to the drive assembly and each spacer 4, so as to drive the traction assembly to pull each spacer 4 through the drive assembly, thereby causing the flexible oil pipeline 3 to bend through each spacer 4.

[0031] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, in order to automatically connect the second flange 2 to the oil outlet, the transfer device may further include a drive assembly and a traction assembly. The drive assembly is installed on the flexible oil pipe 3, located between the first flange 1 and each spacer plate 4; the traction assembly connects the drive assembly to each spacer plate 4. In use, the drive assembly can drive the traction assembly to pull each spacer plate 4, causing the flexible oil pipe 3 to bend, thereby changing the position of the second flange 2 to gradually approach the oil outlet on the ship. Then, the second flange 2 is manually sealed to the oil outlet, and the fuel medium can be started to be delivered to the ship. This effectively avoids manually moving the second flange 2 and the flexible oil pipe 3, reducing the workload of operators during the transfer process.

[0032] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the drive assembly includes: a housing 5, sleeved on the flexible oil pipeline 3, and the bottom of the housing 5 is provided with a wire-passing hole 501 surrounding the flexible oil pipeline 3; a plurality of drive motors 6, disposed inside the housing 5; and a plurality of take-up reels 7, each take-up reel 7 being drively connected to the output shaft of the corresponding drive motor 6.

[0033] The traction assembly includes: multiple steel cables 8, each steel cable 8 is connected to and wound around a corresponding take-up reel 7, and each steel cable 8 passes through the wire hole 501 and then passes through each spacer 4 in sequence along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline 3; multiple limiting members 9, each limiting member 9 is installed at the end of the corresponding steel cable 8, and each limiting member 9 is used to abut against the spacer 4 farthest from the first flange 1.

[0034] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the housing 5 can serve as the basic fixture for installing the drive motor 6, and the cable hole 501 located at the bottom of the housing 5 is used for the steel cable 8 to pass through the housing 5. In order to accommodate each cable hole 501, each drive motor 6 can also be arranged axially around the flexible oil pipe 3 inside the housing 5, so that the take-up reel 7, which is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 6, can correspond to the corresponding cable hole 501; in order to enable the take-up reel 7 to rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the drive motor 6, the take-up reel 7 and the output shaft of the drive motor 6 can be connected by a coupling. After each steel cable 8 is wound on the corresponding take-up reel 7 and passes vertically downward through the cable hole 501 to exit the housing 5, it slides through all the spacer discs 4 in sequence, and a limiting member 9 is fixed at the end of the steel cable 8. The limiting member 9 can abut against the spacer disc 4 farthest from the first flange 1, specifically the side of the spacer disc 4 facing away from the housing 5. In use, the drive motor 6 drives the take-up reel 7 to rotate and retract the steel cable 8. The steel cable 8 can pull the spacer 4 to cause the flexible oil pipeline 3 to bend. In this embodiment, the number of drive motors 6, wire holes 501, take-up reel 7 and steel cables 8 can be set to four. The four drive motors 6 and four wire holes 501 are evenly arranged in the housing 5 along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline 3, corresponding to the four wire holes 501 evenly arranged at the bottom of the housing 5 along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline 3. The four steel cables 8 are also evenly arranged along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline 3 and pass through all spacer 4, so as to control the flexible oil pipeline 3 to bend at least along the arrangement direction of each steel cable 8.

[0035] In some implementations, the number of drive motor 6, cable threading hole 501, take-up reel 7, and steel cable 8 can be increased to eight or twelve, or increased or decreased according to actual conditions, all within the scope of protection of this application; the working principle is the same as the above embodiments, so it will not be described again. By increasing the number of the above components, the drive assembly can automatically bend the flexible oil pipe 3 in more directions, thereby enabling the second flange 2 to connect with the oil inlet of the ship more quickly, and also effectively improving the connection accuracy between the second flange 2 and the oil inlet.

[0036] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the traction assembly further includes: a plurality of elastic elements 10, which pass through each spacer 4 sequentially along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline 3, and the two ends of the elastic elements 10 are connected to the two outermost spacers 4 distributed along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline 3, so that the elastic elements 10 can store elastic potential energy when the flexible oil pipeline 3 bends.

[0037] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the elastic element 10 can be a tension spring. When the flexible oil pipeline 3 bends, each partition plate also flips to match the bending angle, and the distance on one side of the partition plate 4 gradually increases, thereby stretching the part of the elastic element 10 located in the opposite direction of the bend to form elastic energy storage. After the fuel delivery is completed, the second flange 2 can be removed from the oil inlet by manual operation, and the drive assembly releases the force pulling the partition plate 4 through the traction assembly. At this time, the elastic element 10 storing elastic potential energy releases the elastic potential energy to restore the initial state of the flexible oil pipeline 3.

[0038] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the number of each elastic element 10 is the same as the number of each steel cable 8 and they correspond one-to-one, with each elastic element 10 being sleeved on the corresponding steel cable 8.

[0039] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, in order to arrange more steel cables 8 along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline 3 on the spacer plate 4, the number of elastic elements 10 can be set to be the same as the number of steel cables 8, and each elastic element 10 can be sleeved on the corresponding steel cable 8, so that the elastic element 10 and the steel cable 8 share a through hole on the spacer plate 4, thereby saving the space occupied by the elastic element 10 on the spacer plate 4.

[0040] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the system further includes: a position sensor 11, mounted on the second flange 2 and signal-connected to the drive assembly, the position sensor 11 being used to sense the spatial position information of the second flange 2; a proximity sensor 12, mounted on the second flange 2 and signal-connected to the drive assembly, the proximity sensor 12 being used to sense the distance between the second flange 2 and the oil inlet; and a pressure sensor 13, mounted on the second flange 2 and signal-connected to the drive assembly, the pressure sensor 13 being used to detect the pressure generated when the second flange 2 is connected to the oil inlet.

[0041] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the position sensor 11, proximity sensor 12, and pressure sensor 13 can establish a signal connection with the drive motor 6 in the drive assembly through a controller. As one implementation, the position sensor 11, proximity sensor 12, and pressure sensor 13 are signal-connected to the starter of the drive motor 6 through a programmable logic controller (PLC). In use, the position sensor 11, proximity sensor 12, and pressure sensor 13 can first transmit the collected signals to the PLC, and then the PLC interacts with the starter of the drive motor 6 and sends control commands. Based on the real-time collected spatial position information of the second flange 2, the distance information between the second flange 2 and the oil inlet, and the pressure information when they are in contact, the rotation number of the output shafts of each drive motor 6 is precisely controlled, causing the position of the second flange 2 to gradually approach the oil inlet, ultimately achieving successful docking of the second flange 2 with the oil inlet.

[0042] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, it further includes: a fixing base 14, which is disposed on the spacer 4 furthest from the first flange 1; and a camera component 15, which is mounted on the fixing base 14, and the camera component 15 projects its image onto the second flange 2 for photographing the docking situation between the second flange 2 and the oil inlet.

[0043] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the visual function of the camera component 15 can be used to perform a secondary confirmation of the docking status between the second flange 2 and the oil inlet. For example, it can determine whether the docking between the second flange 2 and the oil inlet is accurate. When it is confirmed that the second flange 2 and the oil inlet are accurately docked, the operator will seal the second flange 2 and the oil inlet together. If there is a docking misalignment between the second flange 2 and the oil inlet, the camera component 15 will be used to observe and determine the direction of the misalignment, and then the drive component will be activated. The drive component will drive the traction component to bend the flexible oil pipe 3 in the opposite direction of the misalignment, thereby ensuring that the second flange 2 is accurately docked with the oil inlet.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process. Furthermore, the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functionality involved.

[0047] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus or device).

[0048] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. All or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware, the program being stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0049] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. This storage medium can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A transfer arrangement for connecting a fuel oil arm to a vessel berthed at a quay for the purpose of delivering a fuel oil medium to the vessel, characterised in that, include: The first flange is used to connect the oil delivery arm; The second flange is used to connect to the vessel's oil inlet; A flexible oil pipeline connects the first flange and the second flange to form a channel for transporting the fuel medium; as well as, Multiple spacer discs are fitted onto the flexible oil pipeline and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline, so that a joint that can rotate relative to each other is formed between every two adjacent spacer discs. When the flexible oil pipeline bends, two adjacent spacers can come into contact with each other, thereby limiting the maximum bending angle of the flexible oil pipeline.

2. The adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A drive assembly is mounted on the flexible oil pipeline and is located between the first flange and each of the spacers; A traction assembly connects the drive assembly to each of the spacers, so that the drive assembly drives the traction assembly to pull each of the spacers, thereby causing the flexible oil pipeline to bend through each of the spacers.

3. The adapter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component includes: The housing is fitted onto the flexible oil pipeline, and the bottom of the housing is provided with a wire-passing hole around the flexible oil pipeline; Multiple drive motors are configured inside the housing; Multiple take-up reels, each of which is connected to the output shaft of a corresponding drive motor; The traction assembly includes: Multiple steel cables, each of which is connected and wound around a corresponding take-up reel, and each steel cable passes through the through hole and then sequentially through each spacer along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline; Multiple limiting members are provided, each of which is installed at the end of the corresponding steel cable, and each limiting member is used to abut against the spacer plate furthest from the first flange.

4. The switching device of claim 3, wherein The traction assembly also includes: Multiple elastic elements are sequentially inserted through each of the spacers along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline, and the two ends of each elastic element are connected to the two outermost spacers distributed along the axial direction of the flexible oil pipeline, so that the elastic elements can store elastic potential energy when the flexible oil pipeline bends.

5. The adapter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of each elastic element is the same as the number of each steel cable and they correspond one-to-one. Each elastic element is sleeved on the corresponding steel cable.

6. The switching device of claim 2, wherein Also includes: A position sensor is mounted on the second flange and is signal-connected to the drive assembly. The position sensor is used to sense the spatial position information of the second flange.

7. The switching device of claim 2, wherein Also includes: A proximity sensor, mounted on the second flange and signal-connected to the drive assembly, is used to sense the distance between the second flange and the oil inlet.

8. The switching device of claim 2, wherein Also includes: A pressure sensor is mounted on the second flange and is signal-connected to the drive assembly. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure generated when the second flange is connected to the oil inlet.

9. The adapter of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: A fixed seat is provided on the spacer plate that is furthest from the first flange; A camera component is mounted on the fixed base, and the camera component projects its image onto the second flange to capture the connection between the second flange and the oil inlet.

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