An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace, belonging to the field of gasification furnace cooling technology. The automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace includes a furnace body. A reaction chamber is located in the upper part of the furnace body, and a quench chamber is located in the lower part. A downcomer is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber, and an annular nozzle is fixedly installed at the top of the quench chamber. A spraying assembly is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber, and a cooling assembly is installed on the outer wall of the downcomer. This utility model uses the cooling assembly to cool the downcomer. Simultaneously, the annular nozzle enhances the cooling capacity of the cooling assembly and cools the rising syngas in the quench chamber. Furthermore, the spray water and rising gas in the spraying assembly mix and exchange heat thoroughly in the space, achieving a comprehensive cooling effect and solving the problem of limited cooling effect of spraying in the quench chamber in existing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gasifier cooling, and in particular to an automatic spraying device for a coal gasification gasifier. Background Technology

[0002] A coal gasifier is the main equipment for coal gasification. A common gasifier structure typically consists of a furnace body with two chambers inside. The upper chamber is the reaction chamber, which is mainly used for processing coal and generating syngas. The lower chamber is the quench chamber, which is usually a large, upright pressure vessel with refractory lining or water-cooled walls. It is usually located directly below or to the side of the reaction chamber. The quench chamber is mainly used for the rapid cooling and purification of syngas during the coal gasification process. It is not the main area where the gasification reaction itself occurs, but rather a downstream unit adjacent to the gasification reaction chamber. Its core function is to instantly cool the high-temperature crude syngas to a temperature suitable for subsequent processing, while simultaneously removing most of the molten ash and some impurities.

[0003] In existing technologies, the quench chamber typically stores quench water to cool the syngas and cool molten ash to form solid residue. A downcomer guides the syngas and ash into the quench water. Since the downcomer is connected to the slag outlet of the reaction chamber, the temperature inside the downcomer is very high. To prevent damage or high-temperature deformation of the downcomer, a quench ring is usually installed inside to cool the interior. Simultaneously, a spray device is also installed inside the quench chamber to cool the syngas. However, existing technologies only utilize the quench ring to cool the interior of the downcomer, which has limited cooling capacity. Therefore, to improve the cooling effect on the downcomer and the quench chamber, this invention proposes a novel spray device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the limitation of the spray cooling effect in the quench chamber of existing technologies, and to propose an automatic spray device for coal gasification furnaces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace includes a furnace body. The upper part of the furnace body is provided with a reaction chamber, and the lower part is provided with a quench chamber. A downcomer is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber, an annular nozzle is fixedly installed in the top of the quench chamber, a spraying assembly is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber, and a cooling assembly is provided on the outer wall of the downcomer.

[0006] Preferably, the top end of the downcomer is connected to the slag discharge port of the reaction chamber, and a quenching ring is provided at the top inner end of the downcomer.

[0007] Preferably, the spray assembly includes an annular tube, which is fixedly disposed in the upper inner part of the quench chamber, and a nozzle is fixedly disposed on the inner annular surface of the annular tube.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling assembly includes a cooling pipe and a connecting pipe, the cooling pipe being fixedly disposed on the outer ring surface of the downcomer to form a cooling channel, and the top of the cooling pipe being a conical surface.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the cooling pipe, and the two are internally connected.

[0010] Preferably, a riser pipe is sleeved on the cooling pipe, and the cooling pipe and the riser pipe are fixedly connected by a connecting plate, forming an air passage between the cooling pipe and the riser pipe, with the lower end of the riser pipe being lower than the lower end of the downcomer pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the quench chamber contains quench water, and the level of the quench water covers the bottom of the downcomer.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a liquid inlet pipe, one end of which passes through the furnace body to the quench chamber, and the branch pipes corresponding to the annular nozzle and the annular pipe are connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the end of the liquid inlet pipe located in the quench chamber is connected to the connecting pipe.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0014] 1. This utility model can cool down the downcomer by setting up a cooling component, and with the quench ring inside the downcomer, the temperature of the downcomer can be greatly increased. Meanwhile, the ring-shaped nozzles can improve the cooling capacity of the cooling components and cool the rising syngas in the quench chamber. In addition, the spray water and rising gas of the spray assembly are fully mixed and exchanged heat in the space, thereby achieving a comprehensive cooling effect, thus solving the problem that the spray cooling effect in the quench chamber of the existing technology has certain limitations.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows; and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description; or may be taught from practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the downcomer and upcomer in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the downcomer and upcomer in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the downcomer and cooling pipe in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the annular nozzle in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0023] In the picture: 1. Furnace body; 2. Reaction chamber; 3. Annular nozzle; 4. Annular pipe; 5. Liquid inlet pipe; 6. Connecting plate; 7. Quenching chamber; 8. Ascending pipe; 9. Descending pipe; 10. Cooling pipe; 11. Connecting pipe; 12. Nozzle; 13. Gas outlet pipe; 14. Conical surface; 15. Cooling channel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-7 An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace includes a furnace body 1. The upper part of the furnace body 1 is provided with a reaction chamber 2, and the lower part of the furnace body 1 is provided with a quench chamber 7. A downcomer 9 is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber 7. An annular nozzle 3 is fixedly installed in the top of the quench chamber 7. A spraying assembly is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber 7. A cooling assembly is installed on the outer wall of the downcomer 9.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the cooling component is mainly used to exchange heat and cool the outer wall of the downcomer 9, thereby reducing the temperature of the downcomer 9. On the one hand, this reduces the impact of high temperature on the downcomer 9, and on the other hand, because the temperature of the downcomer 9 is reduced, the syngas passing through the downcomer 9 can also improve the cooling effect to a certain extent. The annular nozzle 3 is mainly used to spray water onto the cooling component, which can improve the cooling effect of the cooling component and also cool the rising syngas, thereby further improving the cooling effect. The spraying component is mainly used to spray water to cool the entire interior of the quench chamber 7. During the spraying process, the contact surface with the rising syngas can be increased to achieve a sufficient heat exchange effect and improve the cooling effect. The above three components work together to effectively improve the cooling of the quench chamber 7 and the syngas.

[0027] A slag and water outlet is provided at the bottom of the quench chamber 7 for discharging slag and black water; its specific structural configuration adopts the existing conventional configuration; at the same time, an exhaust pipe 13 is provided at the top of the quench chamber 7 for discharging synthesis gas, and the configuration and specific structural configuration of the exhaust pipe 13 adopt the existing conventional methods.

[0028] The nozzle of the annular nozzle 3 is directed toward the top of the downcomer 9. Since the temperature is higher near the slag discharge port of the reaction chamber 2, the annular nozzle 3 is used to spray the top of the downcomer 9 to cool it down, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the downcomer 9. At the same time, the spray water sprayed by the annular nozzle 3 will flow down along the outer wall of the cooling pipe 10 to exchange heat with the rising synthesis gas in the gas passage between the riser 8 and the cooling pipe 10.

[0029] The top of the downcomer 9 is connected to the slag discharge port of the reaction chamber 2. A quenching ring is provided at the top inner part of the downcomer 9. The connection between the downcomer 9 and the slag discharge port of the reaction chamber 2 and the specific structure are all based on existing conventional settings. The installation method, installation position and working principle of the quenching ring are all based on existing conventional settings. The main function of the quenching ring is to evenly distribute the quenching water on the inner surface of the downcomer 9 and form a water film that flows down in parallel with the synthesis gas, thus isolating the high-temperature synthesis gas from direct contact with the downcomer 9 and protecting the downcomer 9 from deformation due to high temperature.

[0030] The spray assembly includes an annular pipe 4, which is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber 7, and a nozzle 12 is fixedly installed on the inner annular surface of the annular pipe 4.

[0031] The nozzle 12 can be used to cool the rising synthesis gas in the quench chamber 7. When in use, the spray water sprayed from the nozzle 12 can fully contact the synthesis gas to improve the heat exchange effect and enhance the effect of reducing the temperature of the synthesis gas.

[0032] The cooling assembly includes a cooling pipe 10 and a connecting pipe 11. The cooling pipe 10 is fixedly disposed on the outer ring surface of the downcomer 9 to form a cooling channel 15. The top of the cooling pipe 10 is a conical surface 14.

[0033] The connecting pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the cooling pipe 10, and the two are internally connected.

[0034] In this design, the top end of the cooling pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the upper outer ring surface of the downcomer 9, and the connection point is conical 14. The upper part of the cooling channel 15 is connected to the connecting pipe 11, and its lower end is provided with an opening. When in use, the spray water enters the cooling channel 15 from the connecting pipe 11 and then flows downward until it mixes with the quench water stored in the quench chamber 7. When the spray water flows in the cooling channel 15, it can exchange heat with the downcomer 9 to reduce the temperature of the downcomer 9. In addition, when the spray water mixes with the quench water stored in the quench chamber 7, it can also achieve the effect of replenishing the quench water.

[0035] A riser pipe 8 is fitted onto the cooling pipe 10. The cooling pipe 10 and the riser pipe 8 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 6. An air passage is formed between the cooling pipe 10 and the riser pipe 8. The lower end of the riser pipe 8 is lower than the lower end of the downcomer pipe 9.

[0036] The riser pipe 8 is used to guide the syngas upward. When in use, the syngas enters the quench water in the quench chamber 7 through the downcomer pipe 9 and floats upward. Then, most of the syngas will move upward through the riser pipe 8. During the upward movement of the syngas in the gas channel, it will exchange heat with the spray water sprayed from the annular nozzle 3, thereby achieving the effect of further cooling the syngas.

[0037] The quench chamber 7 contains quench water, and the liquid level of the quench water is above the bottom of the downcomer 9. The quench water is set up in a conventional manner, and is equipped with a water inlet and related pipelines, as well as a drain outlet and related pipelines. All of the above settings are existing conventional settings.

[0038] It also includes an inlet pipe 5, one end of which passes through the furnace body 1 to the quench chamber 7. The branch pipes of the annular nozzle 3 and the annular pipe 4 are respectively connected to the inlet pipe 5. The end of the inlet pipe 5 located in the quench chamber 7 is connected to the connecting pipe 11. In use, a high-pressure pump is used to send the spray water into the inlet pipe 5, and then the spray water is sent to the corresponding position through the branch pipe. Specifically, firstly, it is sent into the annular pipe 4 and then sprayed out through the nozzle 12 to achieve the spraying effect; secondly, it is sent into the annular nozzle 3 and sprayed out through the annular nozzle 3 to exchange heat with the top of the downcomer 9 and the cooling pipe 10; and thirdly, it is sent into the connecting pipe 11 and then enters the cooling channel 15 to exchange heat with the downcomer 9.

[0039] Workflow: Syngas and ash generated in reaction chamber 2 enter downcomer 9 through ash discharge port, and then fall into quench water in quench chamber 7. During this process, quench rings protect the inner wall of downcomer 9, while simultaneously providing initial cooling and ash washing for the syngas and ash. Meanwhile, spray water enters cooling channel 15 through connecting pipe 11 to cool downcomer 9, and annular nozzles 3 exchange heat with cooling pipe 10 and the gas passage. When syngas enters the quench water, it mixes and exchanges heat with the quench water. The cooled and humidified syngas rises from the water in bubbles (during this process, the syngas can be washed). (i.e., separation of gas and ash particles). Then, most of the syngas rises through the gas duct, where it further exchanges heat and washes with the spray water sprayed from the annular nozzle 3. When the syngas (including the syngas drifting out of the gas duct and the syngas drifting directly out of the quench water) enters the quench chamber 7, it further exchanges heat and washes with the spray water sprayed from the nozzle 12, thus achieving sufficient cooling and washing effects. When the ash enters the quench water, the molten ash will solidify, and the solidified slag particles will settle in the water due to their higher density, achieving the effect of washing away particulate matter and some soluble impurities.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body (1), characterized in that, The furnace body (1) has a reaction chamber (2) in the upper part and a quench chamber (7) in the lower part. A downcomer (9) is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber (7). An annular nozzle (3) is fixedly installed in the top of the quench chamber (7). A spray assembly is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber (7). A cooling assembly is installed on the outer wall of the downcomer (9).

2. The automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the downcomer (9) is connected to the slag discharge port of the reaction chamber (2), and a quenching ring is provided at the top inner end of the downcomer (9).

3. The automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray assembly includes an annular pipe (4), which is fixedly installed in the upper part of the quench chamber (7), and a nozzle (12) is fixedly installed on the inner annular surface of the annular pipe (4).

4. The automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling assembly includes a cooling pipe (10) and a connecting pipe (11). The cooling pipe (10) is fixedly disposed on the outer ring surface of the downcomer (9) to form a cooling channel (15). The top of the cooling pipe (10) is a conical surface (14).

5. An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the cooling pipe (10), and the two are internally connected.

6. An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling pipe (10) is fitted with an ascending pipe (8), and the cooling pipe (10) and the ascending pipe (8) are fixedly connected by a connecting plate (6). An air passage is formed between the cooling pipe (10) and the ascending pipe (8), and the lower end of the ascending pipe (8) is lower than the lower end of the descending pipe (9).

7. An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quench chamber (7) contains quench water, the level of which is above the bottom of the downcomer (9).

8. An automatic spraying device for a coal gasification furnace according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that, It also includes a liquid inlet pipe (5), one end of which passes through the furnace body (1) to the quench chamber (7). The branch pipes corresponding to the annular nozzle (3) and the annular pipe (4) are connected to the liquid inlet pipe (5). One end of the liquid inlet pipe (5) located in the quench chamber (7) is connected to the connecting pipe (11).

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