Rainwater harvesting system with quick-install bioretention facilities

Abstract

This invention provides a rainwater harvesting system with a quick-assembly bioretention facility, installed in a pit below ground level. It includes an overflow well and, from bottom to top, a water storage layer, a filter layer, and a planting layer. The planting layer contains planting baskets filled with planting soil. Plants are planted in the planting baskets. The planting baskets, planting soil, and plants form a single unit, which is detachable and installed within the planting layer. By using prefabricated modular planting baskets instead of on-site cast-in-place cement frames, and by assembling the planting baskets, planting soil, and plants in a factory, rapid assembly and installation of the planting layer are achieved. During construction, there is no need for on-site casting, fixing, and curing of cement structures, significantly simplifying the construction process, shortening the construction period, and reducing labor and time costs, perfectly adapting to the needs of modern rapid construction and prefabricated construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sponge city technology, specifically a rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility. Background Technology

[0002] Rainwater harvesting systems in sponge cities are typically installed in depressions below ground level to retain, purify, and infiltrate rainwater. They generally include overflow wells and, from bottom to top, a water storage layer, a filtration layer, and a planting layer. The planting layer, as the core functional unit of the bioretention facility, plays a crucial role in plant growth, pollutant filtration, and rainwater infiltration.

[0003] Traditional planting layers typically consist of a cast-in-place concrete frame filled with planting soil, with plants planted directly within the concrete frame.

[0004] The above structure has the following drawbacks: 1. Cement frames usually need to be assembled or poured on site and fixed to the surrounding structure. The construction process is complicated and time-consuming, which not only increases labor and time costs, but also affects the construction progress of the overall rainwater harvesting system. It is difficult to meet the needs of modern rapid construction and prefabricated construction.

[0005] 2. Because the cement frame of the planting layer is a fixed structure, the planting soil inside is prone to compaction, hardening, or contamination due to rainwater erosion, plant root growth, and microbial activity over long-term use. In such cases, the planting soil needs to be replaced or refurbished. However, the fixed cement frame severely limits the operational space for soil replacement, making the work not only difficult and inefficient but also increasing maintenance complexity and economic costs.

[0006] Therefore, the traditional structure of the planting layer in existing bioretention facilities can no longer meet the actual needs of efficient construction and convenient maintenance. There is an urgent need for a new planting layer construction scheme that is easy to install and replace in order to improve the overall performance and sustainable operation of rainwater harvesting systems. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the technical problems in the background art, this utility model discloses a rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bio-retention facility.

[0008] This utility model provides a rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility, including an overflow well, and a water storage layer, a filter layer and a planting layer arranged from bottom to top, with planting baskets provided in the planting layer; The planting basket is filled with planting soil; Plants are planted in planting baskets; The planting basket, planting soil, and plants form a whole that can be detached and installed within the planting layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the planting soil contains any one or both of coarse and medium sand.

[0010] Furthermore, the planting layer includes a perimeter planting layer and a central planting layer; The planting baskets are placed inside the central planting layer; The central planting layer and the walls of the pit form the edge planting layer; The edge planting layer contains planting soil and plants.

[0011] Furthermore, the overflow well includes a manhole cover; The manhole cover has an upward-protruding protrusion; The upper end of the boss is provided with a recessed platform that is recessed downwards; Water inlet holes are provided on the side walls of the boss, the side walls of the recess, and the bottom of the recess. The recessed area is filled with a first packing material for filtration.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter of the boss decreases from bottom to top; The diameter of the concave platform decreases from top to bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, an overflow ring is provided on the outer side of the boss, which is raised upward, spaced from the edge of the manhole cover, and is in the shape of a ring; An overflow hole is provided at the top of the overflow ring.

[0014] Furthermore, a gap is provided between the overflow ring and the boss.

[0015] Furthermore, a groove is formed between the overflow ring and the boss; A water inlet hole is provided at the bottom of the groove; The groove is filled with a second filler for filtration.

[0016] Furthermore, the water storage layer is filled with water storage spheres; the water storage spheres are provided with multiple through water storage holes.

[0017] Furthermore, the water storage hole includes a central hole that penetrates the center of the sphere; multiple layers of outer holes are provided outside the central hole; the position of each layer of outer holes forms a circle coaxial with the central hole.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. By using prefabricated modular planting baskets instead of on-site poured cement frames, and assembling the planting baskets, planting soil, and plants in the factory, rapid assembly and installation of the planting layer is achieved. Construction eliminates the need for on-site pouring, fixing, and curing of cement structures, significantly simplifying the construction process, shortening the construction period, and reducing labor and time costs, perfectly meeting the needs of modern rapid construction and prefabricated building.

[0019] 2. When the planting soil needs to be replaced due to compaction, contamination, or hardening, the old planting basket can be removed entirely and replaced with a new unit without complex excavation or damage to the surrounding structure. This significantly reduces maintenance difficulty, time, and economic costs, and improves the long-term operating efficiency and sustainable maintenance capabilities of the system.

[0020] 3. The modular planting basket structure ensures the uniformity and stability of the planting soil distribution, reducing the risk of soil loss or structural deformation caused by rainwater erosion or root growth. Simultaneously, facilitating regular soil replacement helps maintain the pollutant filtration and rainwater infiltration performance of the planting layer, thereby improving the overall functional reliability of the bioretention facility and the comprehensive performance of the rainwater harvesting system.

[0021] 4. The modular design of the planting basket facilitates standardized production, ensures consistent quality, and can be flexibly adapted to different specifications of pits and system design requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the overflow well; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water-storage ball structure; Figure 5 This is the front view of the water-filled sphere; In the diagram: 1. Recess; 2. Overflow well; 3. Water storage layer; 4. Filter layer; 5. Planting layer; 6. Geotextile; 21. Well cover; 22. Upper well shaft; 23. Lower well shaft; 31. Water storage ball; 32. Water storage hole; 51. Planting basket; 52. Planting soil; 53. Plant; 54. Edge planting layer; 55. Center planting layer; 211. Plug; 212. Recess; 213. Water inlet; 214. Overflow ring; 215. Overflow hole; 216. Groove; 217. Cover plate; 231. Water outlet pipe; 321. Center hole; 322. Outer hole. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model discloses a rainwater collection system with a quick-install bio-retention facility, which is installed in a pit 1 below the ground; the pit 1 is a frustum shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0026] This embodiment includes an overflow well 2 located in the center of the depression 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, the overflow well 2 includes a well cover 21, an upper well shaft 22, and a lower well shaft 23 connected sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom of the lower well shaft 23 abuts against the bottom of the pit 1 and is provided with a horizontally extending water outlet pipe 231, which is connected to the downstream rainwater pipe.

[0027] The walls and bottom of the pit 1 are covered with permeable geotextile 6, which not only maintains the structural stability of the pit 1, but also prevents soil from outside the pit 1 from entering the pit 1 and affecting the soil quality inside the pit 1.

[0028] The pit 1 is provided with a water storage layer 3, a filter layer 4, and a planting layer 5 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. In this embodiment, the filter layer 4 is a medium-coarse sand layer.

[0029] The water storage layer 3 is filled with spherical water storage balls 31, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the water-storing sphere 31 is provided with water-storing holes 32, and rainwater is stored not only between the water-storing spheres 31. The water-storing holes 32 include a central hole 321 penetrating the center of the sphere; multiple layers of outer holes 322 are provided outside the central hole 321; the position of each layer of outer holes 322 forms a circle coaxial with the central hole 321. With this configuration, the water-storing sphere 31 has a higher water storage capacity, and the volume of the water-storing layer 3 can be reduced while keeping the total water storage constant, thereby reducing the footprint of this embodiment. The lower well 23 is disposed within the water-storing layer 3.

[0030] The filter layer 4 is filled with medium and coarse sand to adjust the flatness of the bottom of the planting layer 5, thereby improving the structural stability of the planting layer 5. Geotextile 6 is laid at both the upper and lower ends of the filter layer 4 to improve the structural stability of the filter layer 4 and to prevent medium and coarse sand from entering the water storage layer 3 and the planting layer 5.

[0031] The planting layer 5 includes a central planting layer 55 and an edge planting layer 54. The central planting layer 55 is located near the overflow well 2, and the edge planting layer 54 is located between the central planting layer 55 and the wall of the pit 1.

[0032] The central planting layer 55 includes a one-piece injection-molded planting basket 51 filled with planting soil 52, into which plants 53 are planted. The planting basket 51, planting soil 52, and plants 53 form a whole, which can be detachably installed within the planting layer 5. The advantages of this design are: 1. By using prefabricated modular planting baskets 51 instead of on-site cast-in-place cement frames, and by assembling the planting baskets 51, planting soil 52, and plants 53 in the factory, rapid assembly and installation of the planting layer 5 is achieved. During construction, there is no need for on-site casting, fixing, and curing of cement structures, significantly simplifying the construction process, shortening the construction period, and reducing labor and time costs, perfectly adapting to the needs of modern rapid construction and prefabricated construction. 2. When the planting soil 52 needs to be replaced due to compaction, contamination, or hardening, the old planting basket 51 can be directly removed and replaced with a new unit without complex excavation or damage to the surrounding structure. This significantly reduces maintenance difficulty, time, and economic costs, and improves the long-term operating efficiency and sustainable maintenance capabilities of the system. 3. The modular planting basket 51 structure ensures the uniformity and stability of the planting soil 52 filling distribution, reducing the risk of soil loss or structural deformation caused by rainwater erosion or root growth. Simultaneously, facilitating regular soil replacement helps maintain the pollutant filtration and rainwater infiltration performance of the planting layer 5, thereby improving the overall functional reliability of the bioretention facility and the comprehensive performance of the rainwater harvesting system. 4. The modular design of the planting basket 51 facilitates standardized production, ensuring consistent quality, and can flexibly adapt to different specifications of pits 1 and system design requirements.

[0033] Because conventional soil has low permeability, the number of suitable plant varieties 53 is limited. Therefore, coarse sand and medium sand, or either one or both, are mixed into the soil to increase permeability and the number of suitable plant varieties 53. Furthermore, the ratio of coarse to medium sand can be adjusted according to the specific plant 53 being grown. In this embodiment, the planting soil 52 is a mixture of medium sand, compost, and loam, with medium sand comprising 40%, native soil 52%, and coconut coir 8%, achieving a soil infiltration rate of 100 mm / h. Thanks to the portability of the planting basket 51, soil mixing can be completed in the factory. Compared to on-site mixing, this not only improves efficiency but also allows for on-site use of mixing equipment, resulting in a more uniform mix.

[0034] The edge planting layer 54 is filled with planting soil 52 and planted with plants 53. The planting soil 52 in the edge planting layer 54 is also the same as the planting soil 52 in the planting basket 51. With this setup, when the soil in the planting basket 51 needs to be replaced, the planting basket 51 can be removed first, the soil inside 51 can be emptied, and then the soil from the edge planting layer 54 can be used to fill the planting basket 51, thus achieving timely replacement. When there is no readily available planting basket 51 that can be replaced as a whole, this setup is more efficient than transporting the planting soil 52 from the factory.

[0035] The upper end of the upper well casing 22 extends beyond the central planting layer 55, and the lower end of the upper well casing 22 is flush with the lower end of the filter layer 4. Crushed stones are laid at the right-angle connection between the upper well casing 22 and the central planting layer 55, which not only improves the installation structural strength of the upper well casing 22, but also facilitates the maintenance of the overflow well 2 after the crushed stones are removed.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the manhole cover 21 includes a circular cover plate 217, and a raised, frustum-shaped boss 211 with a diameter decreasing from bottom to top is provided at the center of the cover plate 217. The boss 211 is easily visible to the naked eye, thus making the manhole cover 21 less likely to be damaged by pedestrians accidentally bumping into it.

[0037] The top of the boss 211 is provided with a concave platform 212 that is downwardly recessed, shaped like a frustum, and whose diameter decreases from top to bottom. Water inlet holes 213 are provided on the side walls of the boss 211, the side walls of the concave platform 212, and the bottom of the concave platform 212; rainwater flows into the overflow well 2 through the water inlet holes 213. The concave platform 212 is filled with a first filler for filtration; in this embodiment, the first filler is pebbles. The pebbles not only increase the weight of the well cover 21 to improve its structural stability but also filter rainwater to improve the cleanliness of the rainwater entering the overflow well 2. The structural design of the boss 211 and the concave platform 212 not only makes the boss 211 and the concave platform 212 more structurally stable and less prone to deformation, but also reduces the structural complexity of the mold by increasing the distance between the boss 211 and the concave platform 212 from top to bottom, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and cost.

[0038] The cover plate 217 is also provided with an upwardly protruding, annular overflow ring 214 that is spaced from the edge of the manhole cover 21; an overflow hole 215 is provided on the top of the overflow ring 214. With this configuration, the overflow ring 214 will block fixed debris, and solid debris will easily accumulate in the area formed between the edge of the cover plate 217 and the overflow ring 214, thereby preventing the overflow hole 215 from becoming blocked.

[0039] A gap is provided between the overflow ring 214 and the boss 211, forming a groove 216 between them. A water inlet hole 213 is provided at the bottom of the groove 216. The groove 216 is filled with a second filler for filtration, which in this embodiment is gravel. This arrangement not only increases the water inlet area but also improves the filtration effect.

[0040] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility, comprising an overflow well (2), and a water storage layer (3), a filter layer (4), and a planting layer (5) arranged sequentially from bottom to top, characterized in that: The planting layer (5) is provided with planting baskets (51); The planting basket (51) is filled with planting soil (52); Plants (53) are planted in the planting basket (51); The planting basket (51), planting soil (52) and plant (53) form a whole, which can be detached and installed in the planting layer (5).

2. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting soil (52) contains any one or both of coarse and medium sand.

3. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planting layer (5) includes an edge planting layer (54) and a central planting layer (55); The planting basket (51) is placed inside the central planting layer (55); The central planting layer (55) and the pit walls of the pit (1) form an edge planting layer (54). The edge planting layer (54) contains planting soil (52) and plants (53).

4. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow well (2) includes a well cover (21); The manhole cover (21) is provided with an upward protruding boss (211). The upper end of the boss (211) is provided with a recessed platform (212) that is recessed downward. Water inlet holes (213) are provided on the side wall of the boss (211), the side wall of the recess (212), and the bottom of the recess (212). The recess (212) is filled with a first filler for filtration.

5. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the boss (211) decreases from bottom to top; The diameter of the recess (212) decreases from top to bottom.

6. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the boss (211) is provided with an upwardly protruding overflow ring (214) that is spaced from the edge of the manhole cover (21) and is in the shape of an annular ring. The overflow ring (214) is provided with an overflow hole (215) at its top.

7. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the overflow ring (214) and the boss (211).

8. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 7, characterized in that: A groove (216) is formed between the overflow ring (214) and the boss (211). The bottom of the groove (216) is provided with a water inlet hole (213). The groove (216) is filled with a second filler for filtration.

9. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage layer (3) is filled with water storage balls (31); The water storage ball (31) is provided with multiple through water storage holes (32).

10. The rainwater harvesting system with a quick-install bioretention facility according to claim 9, characterized in that: The water storage hole (32) includes a central hole (321) that penetrates the center of the ball; The outer side of the central hole (321) is provided with multiple outer holes (322). The outer hole (322) of each layer is positioned in a circle that is coaxial with the central hole (321).

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