A rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material and waterproof structure
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-14
AI Technical Summary
然而，如防水卷材等柔性卷材，在实际施工中，常因基面不平整等产生适配性差的问题，此外，防水卷材与混凝土基层之间多采用附着粘结或机械固定方式，无法与混凝土形成化学交联，导致其面临结构配合不紧密、界面适配等问题，从而影响其整体防水性能
[0027]本实用新型提供的防水材料通过水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料颗粒形成自修复刚性防水层，在防水施工中形成刚性防水层，并扩散结晶修复混凝土缺陷，与防水卷材复合形成刚柔复合的防水结构，一次施工两道防水，有效弥补单一防水结构的不足。
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Figure CN224634196U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waterproof materials technology, specifically relating to a rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material and waterproof structure. Background Technology
[0002] In construction engineering, waterproofing is a crucial step in ensuring structural durability and functionality. With the increasing complexity of building structures and usage requirements, higher demands are being placed on the performance and adaptability of waterproofing materials. Currently, commonly used waterproofing materials are mainly divided into rigid and flexible waterproofing, including waterproof membranes and coatings.
[0003] Waterproof membranes are a type of prefabricated material. Common types include bitumen-based membranes, such as SBS and APP modified bitumen membranes, and polymer membranes, such as polyvinyl chloride, TPO, and PVC. Waterproof membranes have good flexibility and ductility, making them suitable for various waterproofing scenarios such as roofs, basements, and tunnels. However, flexible membranes, such as waterproof membranes, often suffer from poor compatibility in actual construction due to uneven substrates. Furthermore, the bonding or mechanical fixing methods between waterproof membranes and concrete substrates prevent chemical cross-linking, leading to issues like loose structural fit and interface compatibility, thus affecting their overall waterproofing performance. Other waterproofing materials, such as waterproof mortar and waterproof coatings, form a rigid waterproof layer on the substrate surface through construction. They offer flexible application, high integration with the substrate, and good adaptability to substrate deformation. However, they lack elasticity and ductility, making them prone to micro-deformation or cracking, resulting in decreased waterproofing performance.
[0004] Based on this problem, there is an urgent need for a waterproofing material that combines flexibility and integration to effectively compensate for the shortcomings of traditional rigid and flexible waterproofing. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waterproof material that combines flexibility and integration, achieving synergistic compatibility with concrete and effectively compensating for the shortcomings of traditional waterproof materials in terms of waterproofing performance and construction compatibility.
[0006] To achieve the objective of this utility model, the following technical solution is adopted:
[0007] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material, which includes a double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer and a self-healing rigid waterproof layer.
[0008] The double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer comprises, in sequence, a first self-adhesive layer, a cross-laminated membrane layer, a second self-adhesive layer, and a base membrane layer;
[0009] The self-healing rigid waterproof layer is formed from cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles uniformly bonded to the first self-adhesive layer.
[0010] The waterproof material provided by this utility model is a composite of double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane and cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles. The layers of the cross-laminated waterproof membrane are laminated in a cross-directional manner, providing the waterproof material with high strength, high elongation, and tear resistance. The cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles form a strong and tight bond with the self-adhesive layer of the waterproof membrane. During waterproofing construction, when concrete is poured, the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles, containing activating components, form a rigid waterproof layer upon contact with the concrete. These components diffuse and crystallize, penetrating into the pore structure of the concrete. This repairs minor defects in the concrete structure while strengthening the bond between the rigid waterproof layer and the concrete. Simultaneously, on the other side, the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles also diffuse and penetrate with the self-adhesive layer, thus creating a good composite of the flexible and rigid waterproof layers formed by the waterproof membrane. This results in a rigid-flexible composite waterproof structure, achieving two waterproof barriers in a single application, effectively compensating for the shortcomings of a single waterproof structure.
[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles is 0.18-1.4 mm, for example, it can be 0.18 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.90 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm or 1.4 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.
[0012] Preferably, the unit area mass of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing material particles is 0.7-1.8 kg / m³. 2 For example, it could be 0.7 kg / m 2 0.8kg / m 2 0.9kg / m 2 1.0kg / m 2 1.1kg / m 2 1.2kg / m 2 1.3kg / m 2 1.4kg / m 2 1.5kg / m 2 1.6kg / m 2 1.7kg / m 2 Or 1.8kg / m 2 However, this does not limit the listed values; other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.
[0013] In this invention, the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles are conventional or well-known cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof materials in the art, and their specific composition is not limited herein.
[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the cross-laminated film layer is 0.010-0.6 mm, for example, it can be 0.010 mm, 0.050 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm or 0.6 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.
[0015] Preferably, the cross-laminated film layer comprises a polyethylene cross-laminated film layer.
[0016] In this invention, the cross-laminated film layer is a conventional or well-known cross-laminated film layer in the art, and its structure is not specifically limited herein.
[0017] Preferably, the first self-adhesive layer comprises an asphalt-based adhesive layer and / or a non-asphalt-based adhesive layer.
[0018] Preferably, the thickness of the first self-adhesive layer is 0.25-1.2 mm, for example, it can be 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm or 1.2 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.
[0019] Preferably, the second self-adhesive layer comprises an asphalt-based adhesive layer.
[0020] Preferably, the thickness of the second self-adhesive layer is 0.25-1.2 mm, for example, it can be 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm or 1.2 mm, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the range are also applicable.
[0021] In this invention, the asphalt-based or non-asphalt-based adhesive layer is a conventional or well-known adhesive layer in the art, and its specific composition is not limited herein.
[0022] Preferably, the bottom film layer includes an isolation film layer and / or a silicone-free film layer.
[0023] Preferably, the isolation film layer includes a PE isolation film layer and / or a PET isolation film layer.
[0024] Secondly, this utility model provides a waterproof structure, the waterproof structure comprising:
[0025] A cast-in-place concrete layer is laid on the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material as described in the first aspect; the cast-in-place concrete layer is laid on one side of the self-healing rigid waterproof layer of the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] The waterproof material provided by this utility model forms a self-healing rigid waterproof layer through cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles. During waterproof construction, it forms a rigid waterproof layer and diffuses crystallization to repair concrete defects. When combined with waterproof membrane, it forms a rigid-flexible composite waterproof structure, providing two layers of waterproofing in one application, effectively compensating for the shortcomings of a single waterproof structure. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material provided in Example 1;
[0029] Among them, 1 is a self-healing rigid waterproof layer; 2 is a double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer; 21 is a first self-adhesive layer; 22 is a cross-laminated membrane layer; 23 is a second self-adhesive layer; and 24 is a bottom membrane layer. Detailed Implementation
[0030] It should be understood that in the description of this utility model, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0031] It should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0032] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0033] Example 1
[0034] This embodiment provides a rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material, which includes a double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer 2 and a self-healing rigid waterproof layer 1.
[0035] The double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer 2 includes, in sequence, a first self-adhesive layer 21, a cross-laminated membrane layer 22, a second self-adhesive layer 23, and a base membrane layer 24.
[0036] The self-healing rigid waterproof layer 1 is formed from cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles uniformly bonded to the first self-adhesive layer 21.
[0037] The cross-laminated film layer 22 is a polyethylene cross-laminated film layer, and the thickness of the cross-laminated film layer 22 is 0.3 mm.
[0038] The first self-adhesive layer 21 is an asphalt-based adhesive layer, and the thickness of the first self-adhesive layer 21 is 0.6 mm.
[0039] The second self-adhesive layer 23 is an asphalt-based adhesive layer, and the thickness of the second self-adhesive layer 23 is 0.6 mm.
[0040] The bottom film layer 24 is a PET separator film.
[0041] The particle size range of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material is 0.18-1.4 mm.
[0042] The unit area mass of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing material particles is 1.0 kg / m³. 2 .
[0043] This embodiment also provides a waterproof structure, which includes the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material.
[0044] The waterproof structure includes: a cast-in-place concrete layer laid on the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material; the cast-in-place concrete layer is laid on one side of the self-healing rigid waterproof layer.
[0045] Example 2
[0046] This embodiment provides a rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material, which includes a double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer 2 and a self-healing rigid waterproof layer 1.
[0047] The double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer 2 includes, in sequence, a first self-adhesive layer 21, a cross-laminated membrane layer 22, a second self-adhesive layer 23, and a base membrane layer 24.
[0048] The self-healing rigid waterproof layer 1 is formed from cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles uniformly bonded to the first self-adhesive layer 21.
[0049] The cross-laminated film layer 22 is a polyethylene cross-laminated film layer, and the thickness of the cross-laminated film layer 22 is 0.01 mm.
[0050] The first self-adhesive layer 21 is a non-asphalt-based adhesive layer, and the thickness of the first self-adhesive layer 21 is 1.2 mm.
[0051] The second self-adhesive layer 23 is an asphalt-based adhesive layer, and the thickness of the second self-adhesive layer 23 is 0.25 mm.
[0052] The bottom film layer 24 is a PE release film.
[0053] The particle size range of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material is 0.18-1.4 mm.
[0054] The unit area mass of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing material particles is 1.8 kg / m³. 2 .
[0055] This embodiment also provides a waterproof structure, which includes the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material.
[0056] The waterproof structure includes: a cast-in-place concrete layer laid on the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material; the cast-in-place concrete layer is laid on one side of the self-healing rigid waterproof layer.
[0057] Example 3
[0058] This embodiment provides a rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material, which includes a double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer 2 and a self-healing rigid waterproof layer 1.
[0059] The double-sided adhesive cross-laminated waterproof membrane layer 2 includes, in sequence, a first self-adhesive layer 21, a cross-laminated membrane layer 22, a second self-adhesive layer 23, and a base membrane layer 24.
[0060] The self-healing rigid waterproof layer 1 is formed from cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles uniformly bonded to the first self-adhesive layer 21.
[0061] The cross-laminated film layer 22 is a polyethylene cross-laminated film layer, and the thickness of the cross-laminated film layer 22 is 0.6 mm.
[0062] The first self-adhesive layer 21 is a non-asphalt-based adhesive layer, and the thickness of the first self-adhesive layer 21 is 0.25 mm.
[0063] The second self-adhesive layer 23 is an asphalt-based adhesive layer, and the thickness of the second self-adhesive layer 23 is 1.2 mm.
[0064] The bottom film layer 24 is a PE release film.
[0065] The particle size range of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material is 0.18-1.4 mm.
[0066] The unit area mass of the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproofing material particles is 0.7 kg / m³. 2 .
[0067] This embodiment also provides a waterproof structure, which includes the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material.
[0068] The waterproof structure includes: a cast-in-place concrete layer laid on the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material; the cast-in-place concrete layer is laid on one side of the self-healing rigid waterproof layer.
[0069] In the waterproof structures formed in Examples 1-3, after a concrete layer is laid on the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material, the cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material of the rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof material comes into contact with the concrete. The activating component in the material forms a crystalline rigid waterproof layer between the waterproof membrane and the concrete, and diffuses and penetrates into the concrete layer to repair defects in the concrete structure and form a strong bond with the concrete, thereby forming a rigid-flexible composite waterproof layer and improving the bonding strength between the waterproof material and the concrete.
[0070] The rigid-flexible composite self-healing waterproof materials provided in Examples 1-3 were subjected to tensile performance tests according to standard GB / T 35467-2017. The tensile force was ≥200N / 50mm, the elongation at maximum tensile force was ≥180%, and there was no separation of the membrane layer during stretching.
[0071] The waterproof structures provided in Examples 1-3 were tested for peel strength according to standard GB / T 35467-2017, and the peel strength was ≥1.5 N / mm. The waterproof pressure resistance of the coated concrete was tested according to standard GB 18445-2012, and the waterproof pressure resistance was ≥1.0 MPa.
[0072] Comparative Example 1
[0073] This comparative example provides a waterproof material that, compared to Example 1, does not have a self-healing rigid waterproof layer, but is otherwise the same as Example 1.
[0074] This comparative example also provides a waterproof structure, which includes a cast-in-place concrete layer laid on the waterproof material; the cast-in-place concrete layer is laid on a first self-adhesive layer.
[0075] In this comparative example, no self-healing rigid waterproof layer is provided. The first self-adhesive layer is in direct contact with the concrete. The lack of a rigid waterproof layer formed by waterproof particles results in a lack of repair effect of the waterproof particles on the pores formed in the concrete layer. Consequently, the waterproof performance of the waterproof structure is significantly reduced. At the same time, the bonding force between the first self-adhesive layer and the concrete layer is poor, and the peel strength of the structure is significantly reduced.
[0076] In summary, the waterproof material provided by this utility model forms a self-healing rigid waterproof layer through cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof material particles. During waterproof construction, it forms a rigid waterproof layer and diffuses crystallization to repair concrete defects. When combined with waterproof membrane, it forms a rigid-flexible composite waterproof structure, effectively compensating for the shortcomings of a single waterproof structure.
[0077] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present utility model.