A swing switch controlled drilling spring shocker
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-14
AI Technical Summary
目前，油田生产中使用比较普遍的震击器类型主要包括有链式震击器、管式震击器、液压震击器、关节式震击器和弹簧震击器等，基于各类型震击器的特点和优势，虽然在特定的环境条件和生产领域中都得到了较好应用，但是，现有震击器大多数都存在设计结构复杂、构成部件较多、制造成本偏高以及维修维护费用过大的共性问题，特别是弹簧震击器由于长度长、重量重，在现场储存、搬运以及使用操作过程中普遍存在难度较大，程序繁琐，效率不高等问题，应用中明显减低了钻井生产效率，增大了生产成本，从而制约了其在钻井生产领域的推广应用
[0008]本实用新型的有益效果是，提供一种摆转开关控制式随钻弹簧震击器，针对现有技术中存在的问题，优化结构，完善功能，利用震击弹簧向冲击锤提供震击动能，利用压缩弹簧向震击开关提供锁扣力矩，简化了设计结构，减少了构成部件，方便了应用维护，降低了制造成本，特别是相对传统震击器可大幅减小设备长度，降低设备重量，显著提高生产使用效率，而且在钻井解卡作业中，只需通过下压或者上提操作即可实现震击锤对震击筒的循环震动冲击，通过震击筒传递震击动能，实现井下作业工具串的松动解卡；同时，利用限位螺母还可根据井下卡阻程度和状况预先调整震击弹簧的初始弹性变形量和震击锤的冲击行程，有针对性地设定震击锤的震动冲击强度，不但具有较好的可控性和较宽的通用性，还可以获得良好的震击解卡效果，生产应用中能够降低钻井生产成本，提高油田生产效率。
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Figure CN224634558U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of spring impactor technology, specifically to a swing switch controlled drilling spring impactor. Background Technology
[0002] In oilfield drilling operations, stuck pipe accidents frequently occur due to reasons such as wellbore collapse, formation flow or compression in open holes, drill bit mud accumulation, and prolonged pump shutdown. These accidents can lead to drilling stagnation and affect oilfield operational efficiency. Drilling-while-drilling (DWD) shocks are specialized downhole tools designed to promptly release stuck pipe and ensure normal production. Their basic working principle is that the DWD shock is lowered into the well along with the drill string. When the drill string encounters stuck pipe downhole, the shock assembly is placed in a stretched state, and the potential energy accumulated during this stretching is rapidly converted into impact kinetic energy. The shock is then applied to the stuck point by a strong shock force, and this impact kinetic energy is transmitted to the stuck tool via a dynamic wave, causing the stuck point to loosen and thus releasing the stuck pipe. Currently, the most commonly used types of shock absorbers in oilfield production include chain shock absorbers, tubular shock absorbers, hydraulic shock absorbers, articulated shock absorbers, and spring shock absorbers. While each type has been well-appointed in specific environmental conditions and production fields due to its characteristics and advantages, most existing shock absorbers share common problems such as complex design structures, numerous components, high manufacturing costs, and excessive maintenance expenses. Spring shock absorbers, in particular, are difficult to store, transport, and operate in the field due to their length and weight, resulting in cumbersome procedures and low efficiency. Their application significantly reduces drilling production efficiency and increases production costs, thus hindering their widespread application in drilling production. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize and integrate the structure and function of existing drilling shock absorbers, and to research and develop shock-releasing tools that are simple in structure, easy to operate, highly versatile, convenient to maintain, and low in cost to solve the existing technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rotary switch-controlled drilling spring impactor that simplifies the design structure, reduces manufacturing costs, facilitates maintenance, and improves efficiency.
[0004] A rotary switch-controlled drilling spring impactor includes: an upper connector, a connecting sleeve, a connecting rod, an impact cylinder, a rotary switch, and an impact hammer. The upper connector is a cylindrical body with a mechanical connection structure at the upper end for connecting to the drill pipe or downhole drilling tools, and an external thread at the lower end. The connecting sleeve is a cylindrical body with a stepped diameter, the upper diameter being larger than the lower diameter, and the inner diameter of the upper large-diameter region being larger than the inner diameter of the lower small-diameter region. An inner limiting shoulder and an outer limiting shoulder are formed on the inner and outer sides of the connecting sleeve, respectively. The upper end is connected to the upper connector via a threaded fit. The upper large-diameter region... The inner diameter is larger than that of the upper connector, causing the lower end face of the upper connector to protrude relative to the inner diameter of the connecting sleeve, forming an upper limit shoulder that can be axially limited. In the lower small diameter region, a strip-shaped connecting groove penetrating the cylindrical wall is formed on the circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve, and the strip-shaped connecting groove is arranged along the axial direction of the connecting sleeve; the connecting rod is a cylindrical rod with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the hole in the lower small diameter region of the connecting sleeve, and is fitted into the inner hole of the lower small diameter region, with its upper end extending into the inner hole of the upper large diameter region and its lower end extending outside the connecting sleeve. The connecting rod has a strip-shaped inlay groove on its body, which corresponds to the strip-shaped connecting groove on the connecting sleeve and is arranged along the axial direction of the connecting rod. A limiting member is provided at the upper end of the connecting rod, which can form a limiting engagement with the upper limit shoulder. A shock spring is fitted onto the rod body, with its two ends supported on the limiting member and the inner limiting shoulder, respectively. An elastic force is applied to the connecting rod with the connecting sleeve as a fulcrum, allowing the connecting rod to form a stable limiting engagement with the upper connector. The shock hammer is connected and installed at the lower end of the connecting rod; the swing opening... The switch is fitted in the strip-shaped groove and hinged to the connecting rod at its lower end, allowing the swing switch to rotate relative to the connecting rod with the hinge axis as the center. On the outer edge of the swing switch, a right-angle gate is provided at the upper end and an inverted inclined surface is provided at the lower part. The lower end of the strip-shaped groove acts on the inverted inclined surface, which can push the swing switch to flip inward. A compression spring is provided between the swing switch and the connecting rod. The compression spring is arranged radially along the cross-section in the strip-shaped groove and applies a rotational torque to the swing switch relative to the connecting rod, which can push the swing switch to swing around the hinge axis as the center.The shock cylinder is a circular cylinder with the same diameter as the upper large-diameter area of the connecting sleeve. It is fitted onto the lower small-diameter area of the connecting sleeve. An anti-rotation mechanism is provided between the shock cylinder and the connecting sleeve to restrict the rotational movement of the shock cylinder relative to the connecting sleeve and guide the axial movement of the shock cylinder relative to the connecting sleeve. The upper end face can correspond to the outer limiting shoulder on the connecting sleeve to form a limiting engagement. A switch limiting groove and a hammer limiting groove are respectively formed on the outer circumferential surface of the shock cylinder. The switch limiting groove is corresponding to the strip-shaped insert groove and the strip-shaped connecting groove, so that the swing switch can swing into the switch limiting groove through the strip-shaped connecting groove. The right-angle gate can form an axial locking engagement with the upper end edge of the switch limiting groove. The hammer limiting groove is corresponding to the shock hammer, so that the shock hammer is housed in the shock hammer limiting groove and the upper end face of the shock hammer can form a shock engagement with the upper end edge of the shock hammer limiting groove. In the initial state, the swing switch and the shock cylinder form a locking engagement, ensuring the shock hammer maintains an impact stroke distance H1 relative to the shock cylinder. Under the elastic force of the shock spring, the connecting rod moves fully upward relative to the connecting sleeve and is fixedly positioned on the connecting sleeve, simultaneously pulling the shock cylinder to stably connect with the connecting sleeve. In the energy storage state, the connecting sleeve moves fully upward relative to the connecting rod. While maintaining the impact stroke distance H1, the shock hammer reaches its maximum upward stroke distance H2 relative to the connecting sleeve. Simultaneously, the shock spring is fully compressed to store elastic potential energy, and the lower end edge of the switch limiting groove forms a contact engagement with the inverted inclined surface at the bottom of the swing switch. In the shocking state, the swing switch releases its locking engagement with the shock cylinder, the elastic potential energy stored in the shock spring is completely released, and the shock hammer completes the vibration impact on the shock cylinder.
[0005] The aforementioned swing switch-controlled drilling spring impactor preferably employs a pin-groove anti-rotation mechanism located between the impact cylinder and the connecting sleeve.
[0006] In the aforementioned swing switch-controlled drilling spring impactor, the limiting component is preferably a limiting nut that is threadedly connected to the connecting rod. Adjusting the rotation of the limiting nut can preset the initial elastic deformation of the impact spring, and can also adjust the maximum upward stroke distance H2 of the connecting rod relative to the connecting sleeve, thereby enhancing process flexibility and improving production efficiency.
[0007] In the aforementioned rotary switch-controlled drilling spring shocker, the lower edge of the strip-shaped connecting groove on the connecting sleeve is preferably an inclined surface. The inclined surface corresponds to the inverted inclined surface structure at the bottom of the rotary switch, thereby enhancing the stability of the interaction between the lower edge of the strip-shaped connecting groove and the inverted inclined surface and improving the reliability of the connecting sleeve in driving the rotary switch to flip.
[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that it provides a swing switch-controlled drilling spring impactor, which optimizes the structure and improves the function of existing technologies by addressing the problems existing in the prior art. It uses an impact spring to provide impact kinetic energy to the impact hammer and a compression spring to provide locking torque to the impact switch, simplifying the design structure, reducing the number of components, facilitating application and maintenance, and reducing manufacturing costs. In particular, compared with traditional impactors, it can significantly reduce the length and weight of the equipment, significantly improving production efficiency. Moreover, in drilling unblocking operations, the impact hammer can achieve cyclic vibration impact on the impact cylinder simply by pressing down or lifting up, and the impact kinetic energy is transmitted through the impact cylinder to loosen and unblock the downhole tool string. At the same time, the initial elastic deformation of the impact spring and the impact stroke of the impact hammer can be pre-adjusted according to the degree and condition of the downhole obstruction, and the vibration impact intensity of the impact hammer can be set in a targeted manner. It not only has good controllability and wide versatility, but also achieves good impact unblocking effect. In production applications, it can reduce drilling production costs and improve oilfield production efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the initial state of a rotary switch-controlled drilling spring impactor.
[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of section AA.
[0011] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view of section BB.
[0012] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the energy storage state of a rotary switch-controlled drilling spring impactor.
[0013] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view of the CC section.
[0014] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the impact state of a rotary switch-controlled drilling spring impactor.
[0015] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view of the DD section.
[0016] Among them: 1 is the upper connector, 2 is the connecting sleeve, 3 is the connecting rod, 4 is the shock cylinder, 5 is the swing switch, 6 is the shock hammer, 7 is the limiting component, 8 is the shock spring, 9 is the compression spring, 10 is the anti-rotation pin, 11 is the strip-shaped connecting groove, 12 is the strip-shaped inlay groove, 13 is the switch limiting groove, and 14 is the hammer limiting groove. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solution for which protection is sought in this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0018] A swing switch controlled drilling spring impactor, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, it is composed of an upper connector 1, a connecting sleeve 2, a connecting rod 3, a vibration cylinder 4, a swing switch 5, a vibration hammer 6, a limiting nut 7, a vibration spring 8, and a compression spring 9. The upper connector 1 has external threads at both ends, and the connecting sleeve 2 has an internal thread at its upper end that mates with the upper connector 1. At the mating end with the upper connector 1, the inner diameter of the connecting sleeve 2 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper connector 1. The lower end face of the upper connector 1 protrudes from the inner hole of the connecting sleeve 2 to form an upper limiting shoulder. The connecting sleeve 2 consists of an upper large-diameter region and a lower small-diameter region. Between the upper large-diameter region and the lower small-diameter region, an inner limiting shoulder and an outer limiting shoulder are formed on the inner and outer sides of the connecting sleeve 2, respectively. A strip-shaped connecting groove 11, extending axially through the cylinder wall, is provided in the lower small-diameter region. The lower end of the strip-shaped connecting groove 11 is a horizontally inclined slope. Anti-rotation pins 10 are symmetrically arranged on both radially sides of the outer circumference. The connecting rod 3 is a cylindrical rod body, fitted into the inner hole of the lower small-diameter region of the connecting sleeve 2. Its upper end extends into the inner hole of the upper large-diameter region, and its lower end extends to the outside of the connecting sleeve 2. A strip-shaped insert groove 12, corresponding to and radially connected to the strip-shaped connecting groove, is provided on the rod body. Two limiting nuts 7 are threadedly connected to the upper end to form a double-nut limiting component. The shock spring 8 is fitted onto the outside of the rod body. The two ends of the spring 8 are respectively supported on the lower end face of the limiting nut 7 and the inner limiting shoulder. The vibrating hammer 6 is connected and installed on the lower end of the connecting rod 3. The swing switch 5 is embedded in the strip-shaped mounting groove 12 and hinged to the connecting rod 3. A right-angle gate is opened at the upper end of the outer edge, and an inverted inclined surface is provided at the lower part. The inverted inclined surface can be correspondingly matched with the inclined surface on the lower end edge of the strip-shaped connecting groove 11. The compression spring 9 is disposed between the swing switch 5 and the connecting rod 3, and can push the swing switch 5 to swing relative to the connecting rod 3. The vibrating cylinder 4 is fitted on the lower small diameter area of the connecting sleeve 2, and its upper end face can be matched with the outer limiting shoulder on the connecting sleeve 2. The shoulders correspond to form a limiting fit, and the radial sides of the inner circumferential surface are respectively provided with limiting grooves arranged along the axis. The limiting grooves correspond to the anti-rotation pin 10 structure provided on the connecting sleeve 2, and they fit together to form an anti-rotation mechanism between the shock cylinder 4 and the connecting sleeve 2. Two switch limiting grooves 13 and two hammer limiting grooves 14 are respectively provided on the circumferential surface of the shock cylinder 4. The upper edge of the switch limiting groove 13 can respectively form an axial locking fit with the right angle gate. The two hammer limiting grooves 14 symmetrically accommodate the two ends of the shock hammer 6, so that the shock hammer 6 can ensure the balance of the impact force applied to the shock cylinder 4 on the upper edge of the hammer limiting groove 14, thereby improving the knocking and knocking effect.
[0019] The method for using a swing switch-controlled drilling spring impactor to perform impact-based unsticking as described in this embodiment consists of the following steps: Step 1. Assemble the aforementioned swing switch-controlled drilling spring shock absorber on the wellhead, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the swing switch controlled drilling spring shocker is brought to a stable initial state. The swing switch controlled drilling spring shocker is then connected to the drill pipe and deployed into the well. Due to the elastic force of the shock spring 8 and the locking cooperation between the swing switch 5 and the shock cylinder 4, the connecting sleeve 2, the connecting rod 3, and the shock cylinder 4 are combined to form a stable integrated structure. In addition, a pin groove anti-rotation mechanism is provided between the connecting sleeve 2 and the shock cylinder 4, which can ensure that the connection of the swing switch controlled drilling spring shocker will not cause any obstruction or adverse effect on the operation of the downhole drilling tools carried by the drill pipe. If a stuck drill occurs during the production operation and needs to be unstuck, the operation step 2 can be started immediately. Step 2. Steadily lift the drill rod, using the drill rod to pull up the upper connector 1 and the connecting sleeve 2 connected to the upper connector 1, causing the connecting sleeve 2 to overcome the elastic resistance of the shock spring 8 and move upward relative to the connecting rod 3. As the connecting sleeve 2 moves upward, the shock spring 8 is gradually compressed and stores energy, and the free upward travel distance of the connecting rod 3 relative to the connecting sleeve 2 gradually increases. When the lower edge of the strip-shaped connecting groove 11 on the connecting sleeve 2 makes contact with the lower part of the swing switch 5, the free upward travel distance of the connecting rod 3 relative to the connecting sleeve 2 reaches the maximum upward travel distance H2. Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the swing switch controlled drilling spring impactor is in a dynamic energy storage state, and the impact spring 8 reaches the maximum potential energy storage capacity. Step 3. In the energy storage state achieved in Step 2, continue to smoothly lift the drill rod. Under the pushing action of the connecting sleeve 2, the swing switch 5 swings inward, causing the right-angle gate on the swing switch 5 to disengage from the locking engagement between the right-angle gate and the upper edge of the switch limiting groove 13 on the shock cylinder 4. Since the axial limiting constraint on the connecting rod 3 is released, the elastic potential energy stored in the shock spring 8 is released instantaneously, pushing the connecting rod 3 rapidly upward relative to the connecting sleeve 2. Energy conversion is achieved within the stroke range, generating a large impact momentum, which in turn drives the shock hammer 6 connected to the connecting rod 3 and the shock... The upper edge of the hammer limiting groove 14 on the cylinder 4 interacts with each other, generating a strong impact vibration on the shock cylinder 4. Furthermore, since the maximum upward stroke distance H2 of the connecting rod 3 relative to the connecting sleeve 2 is greater than the impact stroke distance H1 of the shock hammer 6, it can be ensured that the shock hammer 6 completes the impact action on the shock cylinder 4 within the free stroke range of the connecting rod 3 relative to the connecting sleeve 2, avoiding energy consumption, and allowing the elastic potential energy of the shock spring 8 to be fully converted into the impact mechanical energy of the shock hammer 6 on the shock cylinder 4, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and increasing the impact vibration effect. Step 4. After completing one impact vibration in step 3, as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the structure of the swing switch-controlled drilling spring shocker is in a relaxed shocking state. A buffer distance H3 exists between the limiting nut 7 and the upper connector 1. In this shocking state, the drill pipe is smoothly lowered, pushing the upper connector 1 and the connecting sleeve 2 down a distance H3. The upper limit surface and the upper end face of the limiting nut 7 form a limiting engagement. Continuing to push the drill pipe downwards, the connecting rod 3 overcomes the elastic resistance of the shock spring 8 and moves downwards along with the connecting sleeve 2. When it moves to the position corresponding to the switch limiting groove 13 on the swing switch 5 and the shock cylinder 4, under the pushing action of the compression spring 9, the swing switch 5 swings outwards. The right-angle gate on the swing switch 5 and the upper end edge of the switch limiting groove re-form a locking engagement, allowing the swing switch-controlled drilling spring shocker to... Figure 1 As shown, the structure returns to a stable initial state. At this point, if the drill pipe is unstuck after the shock effect in step 3, there is no need to lift the drill pipe to perform shock unstuck again. Instead, the downhole operation can continue. If the drill pipe is still not unstuck after the shock effect in step 3, the operation in step 2 is performed again to shock the shock cylinder 4. The shock vibration process can be repeated multiple times until the drill pipe is successfully unstuck.
Claims
1. A pendulum switch controlled spring jar while drilling, characterized in that, Comprise: The components include an upper connector (1), a connecting sleeve (2), a connecting rod (3), a shock cylinder (4), a swing switch (5), and a shock hammer (6). The upper connector (1) is a cylindrical body with a mechanical connection structure at the upper end and an external thread at the lower end. The connecting sleeve (2) is a cylindrical body with a variable diameter step, where the upper diameter is larger than the lower diameter, and the inner diameter of the upper large diameter area is larger than the inner diameter of the lower small diameter area. An inner limiting shoulder and an outer limiting shoulder are formed on the inner and outer sides of the connecting sleeve (2), respectively. The upper end is connected to the upper connector (1) through a threaded fit. At the same time, the inner diameter of the upper large diameter area is also larger than the inner diameter of the upper connector (1), so that the lower end face of the upper connector (1) is opposite to the upper connector (1). The inner hole of the connecting sleeve (2) protrudes to form an upper limit shoulder that can be axially limited. In the lower small diameter region, a strip-shaped connecting groove (11) penetrating the cylindrical wall is opened on the circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve (2). The strip-shaped connecting groove (11) is arranged along the axial direction of the connecting sleeve (2). The connecting rod (3) is a cylindrical rod with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the hole in the lower small diameter region of the connecting sleeve (2). It is fitted into the inner hole of the lower small diameter region. The upper end extends into the inner hole of the upper large diameter region, and the lower end extends outside the connecting sleeve (2). A strip-shaped insert groove (12) is opened on the rod body of the connecting rod (3). The strip-shaped insert groove (12) is connected to the opening. The strip-shaped connecting grooves (11) on the connecting sleeve (2) are positioned correspondingly along the axial direction of the connecting rod (3). A limiting member is provided on the upper end of the connecting rod (3) to form a limiting fit with the upper limit shoulder. A shock spring (8) is fitted on the rod body. The two ends of the shock spring (8) are respectively supported on the limiting member and the inner limiting shoulder. An elastic force is applied to the connecting rod (3) with the connecting sleeve (2) as the fulcrum, so that the connecting rod (3) can form a stable limiting fit with the upper connector (1). The shock hammer (6) is connected and installed on the lower end of the connecting rod (3). The swing switch (5) is embedded in the strip-shaped mounting groove (12) and The lower end is hinged to the connecting rod (3), so that the swing switch (5) can rotate relative to the connecting rod (3) with the hinge axis as the center. On the outer edge of the swing switch (5), a right-angle gate is opened at the upper end and an inverted inclined surface is provided at the lower part. The lower end of the strip-shaped connecting groove (11) acts on the inverted inclined surface to push the swing switch (5) to flip inward. A compression spring (9) is provided between the swing switch (5) and the connecting rod (3). The compression spring (9) is arranged radially along the cross section in the strip-shaped inlay groove (12). It applies a rotational torque to the swing switch (5) relative to the connecting rod (3) and can push the swing switch (5) to swing around the hinge axis as the center.The shock cylinder (4) is a circular cylinder with the same diameter as the upper large-diameter area of the connecting sleeve (2). It is fitted onto the lower small-diameter area of the connecting sleeve (2). An anti-rotation mechanism is provided between the shock cylinder (4) and the connecting sleeve (2) to restrict the rotational movement of the shock cylinder (4) relative to the connecting sleeve (2) and guide the axial movement of the shock cylinder (4) relative to the connecting sleeve (2). The upper end face can correspond to the outer limiting shoulder on the connecting sleeve (2) to form a limiting fit. A switch limiting groove (13) and a hammer limiting groove (14) are respectively provided on the outer circumferential surface of the shock cylinder (4) along the axial direction. The switch limiting groove (13) is correspondingly arranged with the strip-shaped insert groove (12) and the strip-shaped connecting groove (11), so that the swing switch (5) can swing through the strip-shaped connecting groove (11) into the switch limiting groove (13). The right-angle gate can form an axial locking engagement with the upper end edge of the switch limiting groove (13). The hammer limiting groove (14) is correspondingly arranged with the vibrating hammer (6), so that the vibrating hammer (6) is housed in the hammer limiting groove (14) and the upper end surface of the vibrating hammer (6) can form a vibration engagement with the upper end edge of the hammer limiting groove (14).
2. The pendulum switch controlled spring jar for drilling while making a turn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The anti-rotation mechanism arranged between the percussion cylinder (4) and the connecting sleeve (2) is a pin and slot cooperation structure.
3. The pendulum switch controlled spring jar for drilling while making a turn as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The limiting member is a limiting nut (7) threadedly connected with the connecting rod (3).
4. The pendulum switch controlled spring jar while drilling, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the strip-shaped communication groove (11) formed on the connecting sleeve (2) is an inclined slope, which corresponds to the inverted inclined slope structure of the lower part of the swing switch (5).