A pressure exchange device

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of mine cooling technology, specifically relating to a pressure exchange device. It includes a high-pressure cold water distributor, a low-pressure cold water distributor, a low-pressure hot water distributor, and a high-pressure hot water distributor, as well as an upper pressure exchange chamber, a middle pressure exchange chamber, and a lower pressure exchange chamber connected to these distributors. This application achieves simultaneous pressure conversion between high and low pressure and fluid exchange between hot and cold water through the law of conservation of energy. Through modular component design, it not only facilitates underground transportation and installation, but also allows for system expansion by adjusting the number and diameter parameters of the pressure exchange pipes. Furthermore, based on the differentiated requirements of actual cooling capacity and well depth in mines, it enables the serial development and standardized design of the device, thereby adapting to the usage needs of different mine scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mine underground cooling technology, specifically relating to a pressure exchange device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in mining depth, underground heat hazards have become increasingly prominent, posing a significant threat to safe production in coal mines. Existing conventional cooling technologies and equipment are no longer sufficient in terms of cooling efficiency and adaptability to meet the actual cooling needs of current mining operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of cooling equipment capable of continuously and stably outputting low-pressure chilled water and delivering it through cooling pipelines to air coolers at various working faces underground, achieving precise cooling of the working environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, this application aims to develop a pressure exchange device to solve the problems involved in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a pressure exchange device, comprising a high-pressure cold water distributor, a low-pressure cold water distributor, a low-pressure hot water distributor and a high-pressure hot water distributor, as well as a pressure exchange upper chamber, a pressure exchange middle chamber and a pressure exchange lower chamber connected to the high-pressure cold water distributor, the low-pressure cold water distributor, the low-pressure hot water distributor and the high-pressure hot water distributor. One end of the upper pressure exchange chamber, the middle pressure exchange chamber, and the lower pressure exchange chamber on the same side is connected to the high-pressure cold water distributor and the low-pressure cold water distributor, and the other end is connected to the low-pressure hot water distributor and the high-pressure hot water distributor.

[0005] Furthermore, the upper pressure exchange chamber, the middle pressure exchange chamber, and the lower pressure exchange chamber are connected to the low-pressure cold water distributor and the high-pressure hot water distributor by a variable diameter transition pipe and an H-type fluid converter. Alternatively, the variable diameter transition pipe connected to the low-pressure cold water distributor includes a first variable diameter transition pipe, a second variable diameter transition pipe, and a third variable diameter transition pipe, and the variable diameter transition pipe connected to the high-pressure hot water distributor includes a fourth variable diameter transition pipe, a fifth variable diameter transition pipe, and a sixth variable diameter transition pipe. Alternatively, the H-type fluid converter connected to the low-pressure cold water distributor includes a first H-type fluid converter, a second H-type fluid converter, and a third H-type fluid converter, and the H-type fluid converter connected to the high-pressure hot water distributor includes a fourth H-type fluid converter, a fifth H-type fluid converter, and a sixth H-type fluid converter.

[0006] Furthermore, the high-pressure cold water distributor (1) is provided with an inlet and three outlets. The inlet is the inlet channel for high-pressure cold water, which is used to connect the cold water pipe extending from the well to the well bottom. The three outlets are respectively connected to a first reverse opening and closing check valve, a second reverse opening and closing check valve and a third reverse opening and closing check valve from top to bottom. Alternatively, the low-pressure cold water distributor is provided with an outlet, three inlets, and three cylinder mounting ports. The outlet is a low-pressure cold water outlet channel for connecting to the cold water pipeline extending from the downhole air cooler. The three inlets are connected from top to bottom to the fourth, fifth, and sixth reverse opening and closing check valves, respectively. The three cylinder mounting ports are connected from top to bottom to the fourth, fifth, and sixth opening and closing cylinders, respectively. Alternatively, the low-pressure hot water distributor is provided with an inlet and three outlets. The inlet is the inlet channel for low-pressure hot water, used to connect to the hot water pipe extending from the downhole air cooler. The three outlets are connected from top to bottom to the first positive opening and closing check valve, the second positive opening and closing check valve, and the third positive opening and closing check valve, respectively. Alternatively, the high-pressure hot water distributor has one outlet and three inlets. The outlet is the outlet channel for high-pressure hot water, used to connect to the hot water pipe extending from the well to the well bottom. The three inlets are connected from top to bottom to the fourth positive opening and closing check valve, the fifth positive opening and closing check valve, and the sixth positive opening and closing check valve, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressure exchange upper chamber includes a first pressure exchange tube, a first variable diameter transition tube and a fourth variable diameter transition tube disposed at both ends of the first pressure exchange tube, a first H-type fluid converter connected to the first variable diameter transition tube, and a fourth H-type fluid converter connected to the fourth variable diameter transition tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the first H-type fluid converter is connected to a first reverse-opening check valve and a fourth reverse-opening check valve. Alternatively, the fourth H-type fluid converter is connected to the first positive-opening and closing check valve and the fourth positive-opening and closing check valve; Alternatively, a first opening and closing hydraulic cylinder may be connected to the first H-type fluid converter.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure exchange cavity includes a second pressure exchange tube, a second variable diameter transition tube and a fifth variable diameter transition tube disposed at both ends of the second pressure exchange tube, a second H-type fluid converter connected to the second variable diameter transition tube, and a fifth H-type fluid converter connected to the fifth variable diameter transition tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the second H-type fluid converter is connected to a second reverse-opening check valve and a fifth reverse-opening check valve; Alternatively, the fifth H-type fluid converter is connected to the second positive-opening and closing check valve and the fifth positive-opening and closing check valve; Alternatively, a second opening and closing hydraulic cylinder may be connected to the second H-type fluid converter.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower pressure exchange chamber includes a third pressure exchange tube, a third variable diameter transition tube and a sixth variable diameter transition tube disposed at both ends of the third pressure exchange tube, a third H-type fluid converter connected to the third variable diameter transition tube, and a sixth H-type fluid converter connected to the sixth variable diameter transition tube. Alternatively, the third H-type fluid converter is connected to the third reverse-opening check valve and the sixth reverse-opening check valve. Alternatively, the sixth H-type fluid converter is connected to the third positive-opening and closing check valve and the sixth positive-opening and closing check valve; Alternatively, a third opening and closing hydraulic cylinder may be connected to the third H-type fluid converter.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure balancing pilot device, comprising six sets of balancing valves and multiple hydraulic connectors, which are connected to threaded liquid passage holes on the high-pressure cold water distributor, the low-pressure cold water distributor, the first variable diameter transition pipe, the second variable diameter transition pipe and the third variable diameter transition pipe respectively via hydraulic pipelines.

[0013] Furthermore, the inlet of the high-pressure cold water distributor and the outlet of the high-pressure hot water distributor are connected to the cooling tower, refrigeration unit and circulating pump above the well. Alternatively, the outlet of the low-pressure cold water distributor and the inlet of the low-pressure hot water distributor are connected to the downhole air cooler and the downhole circulating pump. Alternatively, it may also include a hydraulic control system, an electrical control system, and connecting pipes.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows: This application achieves simultaneous pressure conversion between high and low pressure and fluid exchange between hot and cold water through the law of conservation of energy. Its modular component design facilitates underground transportation and installation, and allows for system expansion by adjusting the number and diameter of pressure exchange pipes. Furthermore, based on the varying cooling requirements and depth conditions of mines, it enables serial development and standardized design of the device, thus adapting to different mine usage scenarios. In addition, this application features large diameter, strong cooling capacity, minimal fouling, excellent cooling and dehumidification efficiency, and long-term stable operating efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the present invention and the pressure balancing device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of an embodiment of the present utility model; 1. High-pressure cold water distributor; 2. Low-pressure cold water distributor; 3. Low-pressure hot water distributor; 4. High-pressure hot water distributor; 5. Upper pressure exchange chamber; 6. Middle pressure exchange chamber; 7. Lower pressure exchange chamber; 1201 First pressure exchange tube; 1202 Second pressure exchange tube; 1203 Third pressure exchange tube; 8. H-type fluid converter; 801 First H-type fluid converter; 802 Second H-type fluid converter; 803 Third H-type fluid converter; 804 Fourth H-type fluid converter; 805 Fifth H-type fluid converter; 806 The sixth type H fluid converter, 901 first reverse opening and closing check valve, 902 second reverse opening and closing check valve, 903 third reverse opening and closing check valve, 904 fourth reverse opening and closing check valve, 905 fifth reverse opening and closing check valve, 906 sixth reverse opening and closing check valve, 907 fourth forward opening and closing check valve, 908 fifth forward opening and closing check valve, 909 sixth forward opening and closing check valve, 910 first forward opening and closing check valve, 911 second forward opening and closing check valve, 912 third forward opening and closing check valve, 1001 first opening and closing cylinder, 1002 second opening and closing cylinder, 1003 third opening and closing cylinder, 1004 fourth opening and closing cylinder, 1005 fifth opening and closing cylinder, 1006 sixth opening and closing cylinder, 13 cover, 14 cylinder installation. Flange, 1101 First diameter changing transition pipe, 1102 Second diameter changing transition pipe, 1103 Third diameter changing transition pipe, 1104 Fourth diameter changing transition pipe, 1105 Fifth diameter changing transition pipe, 1106 Sixth diameter changing transition pipe, 15 Pressure balancing pilot device, 1501 First balancing valve, 1502 Second balancing valve, 1503 Third balancing valve, 1504 Fourth balancing valve, 1505 Fifth balancing valve, 1506 Sixth balancing valve, 1507 Hydraulic joint, 1508 Stand, 16 Support, 17 Auxiliary connecting parts, 18 Hydraulic pipeline, 19 Surface cooling tower, 20 Refrigeration unit, 21 Surface circulating pump, 22 Air cooler, 23 Downhole circulating pump, 24 Hydraulic control system, 25 Electrical control system, 26 Connecting pipes. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific implementation method will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0017] Depend on Figure 1-4 As shown, a pressure exchange device includes a high-pressure cold water distributor (1), a low-pressure cold water distributor (2), a low-pressure hot water distributor (3), a high-pressure hot water distributor (4), an upper pressure exchange chamber (5), a middle pressure exchange chamber (6), a lower pressure exchange chamber (7), a pressure balance pilot device (15), a support (16), an auxiliary connector (17), and a hydraulic pipeline (18).

[0018] The high-pressure cold water distributor (1) is the inlet channel for the high-pressure cold water of the pressure exchange device, and it is provided with one inlet and three outlets. The inlet is used to connect the cold water pipeline extending from the well to the well bottom; the three outlets are respectively connected to the first reverse opening and closing check valve 901, the second reverse opening and closing check valve 902 and the third reverse opening and closing check valve 903.

[0019] The low-pressure cold water distributor 2 is the outlet channel for the low-pressure cold water of the pressure exchange device, and it is equipped with one outlet, three inlets, and three cylinder mounting ports. The outlet is used to connect to the cold water pipeline extending from the downhole air cooler; the three inlets are respectively connected to the fourth reverse opening and closing check valve 904, the fifth reverse opening and closing check valve 905, and the sixth reverse opening and closing check valve 906; the three cylinder mounting ports are respectively connected to the fourth opening and closing cylinder 1004, the fifth opening and closing cylinder 1005, and the sixth opening and closing cylinder 1006.

[0020] The low-pressure hot water distributor 3 is the inlet channel for the low-pressure hot water of the pressure exchange device, and it is equipped with one inlet and three outlets. The inlet is used to connect to the hot water pipe extending from the downhole air cooler; the three outlets are respectively connected to the first positive opening and closing check valve 910, the second positive opening and closing check valve 911, and the third positive opening and closing check valve 912.

[0021] The high-pressure hot water distributor 4 is the outlet channel for the high-pressure hot water of the pressure exchange device, and it is equipped with one outlet and three inlets. The outlet is used to connect to the hot water pipe extending from the well to the well bottom; the three inlets are respectively connected to the fourth positive opening and closing check valve 907, the fifth positive opening and closing check valve 908 and the sixth positive opening and closing check valve 909.

[0022] The pressure exchange upper chamber 5, pressure exchange middle chamber 6, and pressure exchange lower chamber 7 are arranged in an upper, middle, and lower configuration. The three chambers have completely identical structures and configurations, and are mainly composed of an H-type fluid converter 8, a one-way valve, an opening and closing cylinder, a variable diameter transition pipe, a pressure exchange pipe, a cover 13, and a cylinder mounting flange 14. The same end of each chamber is connected to a high-pressure cold water distributor (1) and a low-pressure cold water distributor 2, respectively; the other end is connected to a low-pressure hot water distributor 3 and a high-pressure hot water distributor 4, respectively.

[0023] The H-type fluid converter 8 is an important connecting component of the pressure exchange device, and there are a total of 6 sets. Among them, the first H-type fluid converter 801 and the fourth H-type fluid converter 804 are arranged in the upper pressure exchange chamber 5; the second H-type fluid converter 802 and the fifth H-type fluid converter 805 are arranged in the middle pressure exchange chamber 6; and the third H-type fluid converter 803 and the sixth H-type fluid converter 806 are arranged in the lower pressure exchange chamber 7.

[0024] The check valve is the core component of the pressure exchange device, serving to distinguish between high and low pressure and to isolate hot and cold water. The pressure exchange device contains 12 sets of check valves, which, according to their position and function, can be categorized as follows: First Reverse Opening / Closing Check Valve 901, Second Reverse Opening / Closing Check Valve 902, Third Reverse Opening / Closing Check Valve 903, Fourth Reverse Opening / Closing Check Valve 904, Fifth Reverse Opening / Closing Check Valve 905, Sixth Reverse Opening / Closing Check Valve 906, Fourth Forward Opening / Closing Check Valve 907, Fifth Forward Opening / Closing Check Valve 908, Sixth Forward Opening / Closing Check Valve 909, First Forward Opening / Closing Check Valve 910, Second Forward Opening / Closing Check Valve 911, and Third Forward Opening / Closing Check Valve 912. The regular opening and closing of each set of check valves allows the pressure exchange device to complete the exchange of pressure and fluid.

[0025] The opening and closing cylinders are used in combination with the check valves, providing the power for the check valves to open in the reverse direction. A first opening and closing cylinder 1001, a second opening and closing cylinder 1002, and a third opening and closing cylinder 1003 are respectively arranged on the first H-type fluid converter 801, the second H-type fluid converter 802, and the third H-type fluid converter 803; a fourth opening and closing cylinder 1004, a fifth opening and closing cylinder 1005, and a sixth opening and closing cylinder 1006 are respectively arranged on the low-pressure cold water distributor 2.

[0026] The variable diameter transition pipe is located between the H-type fluid converter 8 and the pressure exchange pipe, and has the function of reducing fluid resistance and minimizing eddy current and impact losses. It includes a first variable diameter transition pipe 1101, a second variable diameter transition pipe 1102, a third variable diameter transition pipe 1103, a fourth variable diameter transition pipe 1104, a fifth variable diameter transition pipe 1105, and a sixth variable diameter transition pipe 1106.

[0027] The pressure exchange pipe is an important carrier for the exchange of cold and hot water, and its volume determines the amount of cold and hot water exchanged in each cycle. With a fixed pipe diameter and length, the amount of fluid exchanged per cycle can be increased by increasing the number of pressure exchange pipes 12. This includes a first pressure exchange pipe 1201, a second pressure exchange pipe 1202, and a third pressure exchange pipe 1203.

[0028] The pressure exchange upper chamber 5 includes a first pressure exchange pipe 1201, a first variable diameter transition pipe 1101 and a fourth variable diameter transition pipe 1104 disposed at both ends of the first pressure exchange pipe 1201. A first H-type fluid converter 801 is connected to the first variable diameter transition pipe 1101, and a fourth H-type fluid converter 804 is connected to the fourth variable diameter transition pipe 1104. The first H-type fluid converter 801 is connected to a first reverse opening and closing check valve 901 and a fourth reverse opening and closing check valve 904; the fourth H-type fluid converter 804 is connected to a first forward opening and closing check valve 910 and a fourth forward opening and closing check valve 907; a first opening and closing cylinder 1001 is connected to the first H-type fluid converter 801.

[0029] The pressure exchange chamber 6 includes a second pressure exchange pipe 1202, a second variable diameter transition pipe 1102 and a fifth variable diameter transition pipe 1105 located at both ends of the second pressure exchange pipe 1202. A second H-type fluid converter 802 is connected to the second variable diameter transition pipe 1102, and a fifth H-type fluid converter 805 is connected to the fifth variable diameter transition pipe 1105. The second H-type fluid converter 802 is connected to a second reverse opening and closing check valve 902 and a fifth reverse opening and closing check valve 905; the fifth H-type fluid converter 805 is connected to a second forward opening and closing check valve 911 and a fifth forward opening and closing check valve 908; a second opening and closing cylinder 1002 is connected to the second H-type fluid converter 802.

[0030] The lower pressure exchange chamber 7 includes a third pressure exchange pipe 1203, a third variable diameter transition pipe 1103 and a sixth variable diameter transition pipe 1106 located at both ends of the third pressure exchange pipe 1203. A third H-type fluid converter 803 is connected to the third variable diameter transition pipe 1103, and a sixth H-type fluid converter 806 is connected to the sixth variable diameter transition pipe 1106. The third H-type fluid converter 803 is connected to a third reverse opening and closing check valve 903 and a sixth reverse opening and closing check valve 906. The sixth H-type fluid converter 806 is connected to a third forward opening and closing check valve 912 and a sixth forward opening and closing check valve 909. A third opening and closing cylinder 1003 is connected to the third H-type fluid converter 803.

[0031] The pressure balancing pilot device 15 mainly consists of a first balancing valve 1501, a second balancing valve 1502, a third balancing valve 1503, a fourth balancing valve 1504, a fifth balancing valve 1505, a sixth balancing valve 1506, a hydraulic connector 1507, and a stand 1508. The pressure balancing pilot device 15 is connected to the threaded fluid passages on the high-pressure cold water distributor (1), the low-pressure cold water distributor 2, the first variable diameter transition pipe 1101, the second variable diameter transition pipe 1102, and the third variable diameter transition pipe 1103 via hydraulic pipelines 18. It is used to balance the pressure on both sides of the check valve, facilitating the reverse opening of the check valve and serving as a pilot device.

[0032] The bracket 16 is used to fix and install the pressure exchange pipe and bear part of the weight of the pressure exchange device.

[0033] The auxiliary connector 17 is used to connect the support 16 to the pressure exchange tube.

[0034] This device is located in the underground cooling chamber and is the core component of the entire cooling system for pressure and fluid exchange. The pressure exchange device, together with the surface cooling tower 19, refrigeration unit 20, surface circulating pump 21, air cooler 22, underground circulating pump 23, hydraulic control system 24, electrical control system 25, pipelines and accessories 26, constitutes the mine cooling system.

[0035] The pressure exchange device employs a three-chamber circulation exchange mode (upper, middle, and lower chambers). High-pressure cold water supplied from the wellhead is converted into low-pressure cold water by the pressure exchange device for use by the downhole air cooler 22. After cooling operation, the low-pressure hot water returning from the downhole air cooler 22 is converted into high-pressure hot water by the pressure exchange device and, propelled by the high-pressure cold water, returns to the surface for cooling. Detailed explanations are as follows: To prevent water hammer from damaging the structure, the pressure exchange device should be filled with water before use.

[0036] Due to the elevation difference between the surface and underground, the low-pressure chilled water produced by the surface chiller unit 20 is transported to the underground and becomes high-pressure chilled water, which then enters the high-pressure chilled water distributor (1). Under the program control of the electrical control system 25, the pressure exchange device first performs the conversion of low-pressure hot water into high-pressure chilled water in the upper pressure exchange chamber 5: First, the balancing valve 1501 opens, and the pressure in the pipes on both sides of the first reverse opening and closing check valve 901 reaches balance, and the low-pressure hot water in the pressure exchange upper chamber 5 becomes high-pressure hot water.

[0037] Then, the first opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 1001 is activated, causing the first reverse opening and closing check valve 901 to open in the reverse direction. High-pressure cold water enters the first H-type fluid converter 801 through the first check valve 901. Under the action of potential energy, the high-pressure cold water pushes the hot water in the pipe to flow along the pipeline composed of the first H-type fluid converter 801, the first diameter transition pipe 1101, the first pressure exchange pipe 1201, the fourth diameter transition pipe 1104, and the fourth H-type fluid converter 804. Finally, the fourth forward opening and closing check valve 907 automatically opens under the action of water pressure, overcoming the spring resistance. The hot water in the pipe enters the high-pressure hot water distributor 4 through the fourth forward opening and closing check valve 907 and returns to the surface for cooling along the transmission pipeline between the surface and underground. As the exchange time increases, the hot water is gradually discharged, and the high-pressure cold water gradually fills the pressure exchange upper chamber 5. During the entire exchange process, due to the height difference between the surface and underground wells and the volume of the pressure exchange device itself, after the pressure in the pipes on both sides of the first reverse opening and closing check valve 901 reaches equilibrium, the low-pressure hot water in the upper chamber 5 of the pressure exchange will be affected by the high-pressure cold water and become high-pressure hot water.

[0038] While the pressure exchange upper chamber 5 is converting low-pressure hot water to high-pressure cold water, under the program control of the electrical control system 25, the pressure exchange lower chamber 7 is also starting to convert high-pressure cold water to low-pressure hot water. First, the sixth balancing valve 1506 is opened, and the pressure in the pipes on both sides of the reverse opening and closing check valve 906 reaches balance. The original high-pressure cold water in the lower chamber 7 changes to low-pressure cold water after pressure exchange. Then, the actuation cylinder 1006 causes the third reverse-opening check valve 906 to open in the reverse direction, connecting the low-pressure cold water distributor 2 with the third H-type fluid converter 803. At this time, the low-pressure hot water returning from the downhole air cooler after cooling operation enters the low-pressure hot water distributor 3 through the downhole pipeline. The third forward-opening check valve 912 automatically opens under the pressure of the low-pressure hot water, overcoming the spring resistance. The low-pressure hot water enters the sixth H-type fluid converter 806 through the third forward-opening check valve 912, and then flows sequentially along the pipeline consisting of the fourth-sixth H-type fluid converter 806, the sixth diameter transition pipe 1106, the third pressure exchange pipe 1203, the third diameter transition pipe 1103, the third H-type fluid converter 803, the sixth reverse-opening check valve 906, and the low-pressure cold water distributor 2, pushing the low-pressure cold water in the pipeline into the downhole cooling pipeline connected to the low-pressure cold water distributor 2, and finally delivering it to the downhole air cooler 22 for cooling. As the exchange time increases, low-pressure cold water is gradually discharged, and low-pressure hot water gradually fills the lower pressure exchange chamber 7. During the entire exchange process, due to the influence of the length of the cooling pipeline between the pressure exchange device and the downhole air cooler 22, as well as the volume of the pressure exchange device itself, after the pressure in the pipelines on both sides of the sixth reverse check valve 906 reaches equilibrium, the high-pressure cold water in the lower pressure exchange chamber 7 will be converted into low-pressure cold water.

[0039] After the pressure exchange device completes the conversion of low-pressure hot water to high-pressure cold water in the upper pressure exchange chamber 5, under the program control of the electrical control system 25, it will sequentially convert the low-pressure hot water in the middle pressure exchange chamber 6 and the lower pressure exchange chamber 7 into high-pressure cold water, thus forming a three-chamber circulation exchange mode of "upper chamber → middle chamber → lower chamber → upper chamber".

[0040] After the pressure exchange device completes the conversion of high-pressure cold water to low-pressure hot water in the lower pressure exchange chamber 7, it will also sequentially convert the high-pressure cold water in the upper pressure exchange chamber 5 and the middle pressure exchange chamber 6 to low-pressure hot water under the program control of the electrical control system 25, thus forming a three-chamber circulation exchange mode of "lower chamber → upper chamber → middle chamber → lower chamber".

[0041] The electrical control system 25 uses program logic to control the three-chamber exchange time and chamber switching sequence, ensuring that the two three-chamber circulation exchange modes do not interfere with each other. It can continuously convert high-pressure cold water supplied from the surface to the underground into low-pressure cold water for cooling in the underground air cooler 22. The hot water returning from the underground air cooler 22 after cooling operation is returned to the surface for cooling via a pressure exchange device. Through continuous pressure and fluid exchange via the pressure exchange device, underground heat hazards are effectively controlled, ensuring that the underground operating temperature meets the relevant requirements of the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations".

[0042] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the substance of the content of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pressure exchange device, characterized by: It includes a high-pressure cold water distributor (1), a low-pressure cold water distributor (2), a low-pressure hot water distributor (3) and a high-pressure hot water distributor (4), as well as a pressure exchange upper chamber (5), a pressure exchange middle chamber (6) and a pressure exchange lower chamber (7) connected to the high-pressure cold water distributor (1), the low-pressure cold water distributor (2), the low-pressure hot water distributor (3) and the high-pressure hot water distributor (4); One end of the upper pressure exchange chamber (5), the middle pressure exchange chamber (6), and the lower pressure exchange chamber (7) on the same side is connected to the high-pressure cold water distributor (1) and the low-pressure cold water distributor (2), and the other end is connected to the low-pressure hot water distributor (3) and the high-pressure hot water distributor (4).

2. The pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure exchange upper chamber (5), pressure exchange middle chamber (6) and pressure exchange lower chamber (7) are also connected to the low-pressure cold water distributor (2) and the high-pressure hot water distributor (4) by a variable diameter transition pipe and an H-type fluid converter. Alternatively, the variable diameter transition pipe connected to the low-pressure cold water distributor (2) includes a first variable diameter transition pipe (1101), a second variable diameter transition pipe (1102) and a third variable diameter transition pipe (1103), and the variable diameter transition pipe connected to the high-pressure hot water distributor (4) includes a fourth variable diameter transition pipe (1104), a fifth variable diameter transition pipe (1105) and a sixth variable diameter transition pipe (1106). Alternatively, the H-type fluid converters connected to the low-pressure cold water distributor (2) include a first H-type fluid converter (801), a second H-type fluid converter (802), and a third H-type fluid converter (803), and the H-type fluid converters connected to the high-pressure hot water distributor (4) include a fourth H-type fluid converter (804), a fifth H-type fluid converter (805), and a sixth H-type fluid converter (806).

3. The pressure exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure cold water distributor (1) has an inlet and three outlets. The inlet is a high-pressure cold water inlet channel for connecting the cold water pipe extending from the well to the well bottom. The three outlets are respectively connected to the first reverse opening and closing check valve (901), the second reverse opening and closing check valve (902) and the third reverse opening and closing check valve (903) from top to bottom. Alternatively, the low-pressure cold water distributor (2) is provided with an outlet, three inlets, and three cylinder mounting ports. The outlet is the outlet channel for low-pressure cold water, used to connect to the cold water pipeline extending from the downhole air cooler. The three inlets are connected from top to bottom to the fourth reverse opening and closing check valve (904), the fifth reverse opening and closing check valve (905), and the sixth reverse opening and closing check valve (906). The three cylinder mounting ports are connected from top to bottom to the fourth opening and closing cylinder (1004), the fifth opening and closing cylinder (1005), and the sixth opening and closing cylinder (1006). Alternatively, the low-pressure hot water distributor (3) is provided with an inlet and three outlets. The inlet is the inlet channel for low-pressure hot water, which is used to connect the hot water pipe extending from the underground air cooler. The three outlets are connected from top to bottom to the first positive opening and closing check valve (910), the second positive opening and closing check valve (911), and the third positive opening and closing check valve (912). Alternatively, the high-pressure hot water distributor (4) is provided with an outlet and three inlets. The outlet is the outlet channel for high-pressure hot water, which is used to connect the hot water pipe extending from the well to the well bottom. The three inlets are connected from top to bottom to the fourth positive opening and closing check valve (907), the fifth positive opening and closing check valve (908) and the sixth positive opening and closing check valve (909).

4. A pressure exchange device according to claim 3, wherein: The pressure exchange upper chamber (5) includes a first pressure exchange tube (1201), a first variable diameter transition tube (1101) and a fourth variable diameter transition tube (1104) located at both ends of the first pressure exchange tube (1201). A first H-type fluid converter (801) is connected to the first variable diameter transition tube (1101), and a fourth H-type fluid converter (804) is connected to the fourth variable diameter transition tube (1104).

5. The pressure exchange device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first H-type fluid converter (801) is connected to the first reverse-opening and closing check valve (901) and the fourth reverse-opening and closing check valve (904); Alternatively, the fourth H-type fluid converter (804) is connected to the first positive-opening and closing check valve (910) and the fourth positive-opening and closing check valve (907); Alternatively, a first opening and closing hydraulic cylinder (1001) may be connected to the first H-type fluid converter (801).

6. The pressure exchange device of claim 3, wherein: The pressure exchange cavity (6) includes a second pressure exchange tube (1202), a second variable diameter transition tube (1102) and a fifth variable diameter transition tube (1105) located at both ends of the second pressure exchange tube (1202). A second H-type fluid converter (802) is connected to the second variable diameter transition tube (1102), and a fifth H-type fluid converter (805) is connected to the fifth variable diameter transition tube (1105).

7. A pressure exchange device according to claim 6, characterised in that: The second H-type fluid converter (802) is connected to the second reverse-opening check valve (902) and the fifth reverse-opening check valve (905); Alternatively, the fifth H-type fluid converter (805) is connected to the second positive-opening and closing check valve (911) and the fifth positive-opening and closing check valve (908); Alternatively, a second opening and closing hydraulic cylinder (1002) may be connected to the second H-type fluid converter (802).

8. The pressure exchange device of claim 3, wherein: The lower pressure exchange chamber (7) includes a third pressure exchange tube (1203), a third variable diameter transition tube (1103) and a sixth variable diameter transition tube (1106) located at both ends of the third pressure exchange tube (1203). A third H-type fluid converter (803) is connected to the third variable diameter transition tube (1103), and a sixth H-type fluid converter (806) is connected to the sixth variable diameter transition tube (1106). Alternatively, the third H-type fluid converter (803) is connected to the third reverse-opening check valve (903) and the sixth reverse-opening check valve (906); Alternatively, the sixth H-type fluid converter (806) is connected to the third positive-opening and closing check valve (912) and the sixth positive-opening and closing check valve (909); Alternatively, a third opening and closing hydraulic cylinder (1003) may be connected to the third H-type fluid converter (803).

9. The pressure exchange device of claim 2, wherein: It also includes a pressure balancing pilot device (15), which includes six sets of balancing valves and multiple hydraulic connectors (1507). The hydraulic connectors (1507) are connected to the threaded liquid passage holes on the high-pressure cold water distributor (1), the low-pressure cold water distributor (2), the first diameter transition pipe (1101), the second diameter transition pipe (1102) and the third diameter transition pipe (1103) respectively through hydraulic pipelines (18).

10. The pressure exchange device of claim 3, wherein: The inlet of the high-pressure cold water distributor (1) and the outlet of the high-pressure hot water distributor (4) are connected to the cooling tower (19), the refrigeration unit (20) and the circulating pump (21) above the well. Alternatively, the outlet of the low-pressure cold water distributor (2) and the inlet of the low-pressure hot water distributor (3) are connected to the downhole air cooler (22) and the downhole circulating pump (23); Alternatively, it may also include a hydraulic control system (24), an electrical control system (25), and connecting pipes (26).

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