A multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, a gas expander, and a liquid turbine.

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of residual pressure recovery and energy saving, specifically disclosing a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, a gas expander, and a liquid turbine. It includes a housing, a turbine, and a conversion chamber located within the housing. The turbine is rotatably mounted within the conversion chamber. The housing has several flow-adjustable inflow channels on its circumference and an outflow channel. It also includes several nozzles installed in the inflow channels and conversion chamber, with the nozzles guiding the flow of the fluid or gaseous working medium in a direction intersecting the diameter direction of the turbine. In this design, the opening and closing of individual inflow channels can be controlled according to the flow rate of the fluid or gaseous working medium, thereby adjusting the flow direction and total flow rate of the fluid or gaseous working medium within the inflow channels. This allows the entire turbine mechanism to adapt to a wider range of flow rate fluctuations, facilitating the adaptive delivery of fluid or gaseous working media with varying flow requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of residual pressure recovery and energy-saving technology, and in particular to a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, a gas expander, and a liquid turbine. Background Technology

[0002] In order to reduce the volume of fluids or gases and improve transportation efficiency, they are generally pressurized during transportation. Taking natural gas as an example, natural gas is currently mainly transported through high-pressure pipeline networks. The pressure in the main pipeline network can usually reach 10 MPa, while the pressure in the municipal pipeline network is usually less than 1 MPa. This pressure is achieved through multiple depressurization stages at various stations, resulting in numerous natural gas depressurization points of varying sizes within a region.

[0003] Currently, most natural gas pressure reduction methods use pressure reducing valves for direct pressure reduction, resulting in the waste of the pressure energy stored in the natural gas itself. However, due to the high pressure of the working fluid or gas, and the fact that some of these fluids or gases are flammable and explosive, utilizing this pressure energy presents a significant technical challenge. Therefore, turbo expanders are commonly used to recover the pressure energy stored in compressed gas. Liquid turbines convert the energy contained in the working fluid into mechanical energy. Conventional turbo expanders or liquid turbines typically have a turbine, an inlet, an outlet, and a nozzle connecting the inlet, outlet, and the turbine's mounting chamber. When a single inlet is used with a nozzle, it is difficult to adjust the inlet flow rate and angle, and it is also difficult to adapt to different flow rate requirements of the working fluid or gas. At the same time, the nozzle's orientation can easily cause the incoming working fluid or gas to impact the turbine's shaft, leading to the waste of some of the working fluid's pressure energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, a gas expander, and a liquid turbine to solve the problem that when a single inlet is used in conjunction with a nozzle, it is difficult to adjust the inlet flow rate, thus making it difficult to adapt to different flow rate requirements of fluid or gas working fluids.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism includes a housing, a turbine, and a conversion chamber located inside the housing. The turbine is rotatably mounted in the conversion chamber of the housing. The housing has several flow-adjustable inflow channels in its circumferential direction and an outflow channel on the housing.

[0007] Also includes:

[0008] Several nozzles are installed in the inflow channel and conversion chamber of the housing, and the direction of the nozzles guiding the fluid or gaseous working medium intersects the diameter direction of the turbine.

[0009] The technical principle of this utility model is as follows: the fluid or gaseous working medium enters the housing through the inflow channel, and after passing through the guide gap between the nozzles, it enters the conversion chamber. At this time, the fluid or gaseous working medium impacts the turbine, thereby transferring the pressure energy originally stored in the fluid or gaseous working medium to the turbine, causing the turbine to rotate, and thus converting the pressure energy into mechanical energy.

[0010] In the above process, the opening and closing of individual inflow channels can be controlled according to the amount of fluid or gas being transported, so as to adjust the direction and total amount of fluid or gas being transported in the inflow channels. This allows the entire turbine mechanism to adapt to a wider range of flow fluctuations and to adaptably transport fluid or gas with different flow requirements.

[0011] Furthermore, several nozzles are evenly arranged around the circumference of the turbine.

[0012] With the above configuration, several nozzles can guide the fluid or gas working medium more evenly, so that the fluid or gas working medium impacts the turbine more evenly, and the pressure in the fluid or gas working medium can be released more accurately.

[0013] Furthermore, a guide gap is formed between adjacent nozzles, and the cross-sectional profile width of the guide gap near the turbine end is smaller than the cross-sectional profile width of the guide gap away from the turbine end.

[0014] With the above settings, the guide gap can guide the flow of fluid or gas working medium. The narrower end of the guide gap allows the fluid or gas working medium to impact the turbine more efficiently and precisely, which can maximize the turbine's output power and improve energy recovery efficiency.

[0015] Furthermore, a flow-guiding annular cavity is formed inside the shell, and the flow-guiding annular cavity is coaxially arranged between the conversion chamber and the outflow channel. The inner ring of the flow-guiding annular cavity is connected to several flow-guiding gaps.

[0016] Several partition plates are installed between the flow guide ring cavities of the shell, and the partition plates and the shell are separated to form several conveying isolation cavities, which are connected to the inflow channel.

[0017] With the above configuration, the flow guide ring cavity can cooperate with the partition plate to form a delivery isolation cavity. The delivery isolation cavity can cooperate with the corresponding inflow channel to guide the fluid or gas working medium in a more directional manner, so that the fluid or gas working medium can quickly and accurately pass through the flow guide gap and impact the turbine.

[0018] Furthermore, several conveying isolation chambers are connected to the inflow channels one by one.

[0019] The above settings prevent interference between fluid or gaseous working materials entering from several inflow channels, and improve the ability of fluid or gaseous working materials entering from different angles and directions to quickly and efficiently impact the turbine.

[0020] Furthermore, the outflow channel is located at the end face of the housing, and the end of the outflow channel is connected to the center of the housing near the turbine.

[0021] The above settings ensure that after the fluid or gaseous working medium flows into the conversion chamber, it must pass through the turbine before it can flow out from the outlet channel, thus ensuring that the fluid or gaseous working medium can undergo pressure reduction treatment at the turbine.

[0022] Furthermore, several inflow channels are evenly arranged around the turbine in a circumferential manner.

[0023] With the above settings, if all inflow channels are fully open, the fluid or gaseous working medium flowing into several inflow channels can act on the turbine more evenly, so that the impact on the turbine is more uniform and the balance of the turbine during kinetic energy conversion can be improved.

[0024] This utility model also aims to provide a gas expander, including a gas expander body and a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, wherein the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism is installed on the gas expander body.

[0025] The technical principle of this utility model is as follows: the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism can be connected with the gas expander body. The independent flow guidance settings of multiple inflow channels, conveying isolation chambers and several nozzles can make the gas working medium impact the turbine more accurately and evenly, thereby enabling the conveying of the gas working medium and the precise recovery of the pressure energy within the gas working medium.

[0026] This utility model also aims to provide a liquid turbine, including a liquid turbine body and a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, wherein the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism is installed on the liquid turbine body.

[0027] The technical principle of this utility model is as follows: it can control the inflow volume and opening / closing state of multiple inflow channels respectively, thereby accurately controlling the inflow volume of the fluid working medium. The independent flow guiding settings of multiple conveying isolation chambers and several nozzles ensure that the fluid working medium flowing in from multiple angles will not interfere with each other, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of the pressure energy within the fluid working medium. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the axial direction of a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the axial direction of a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front-view cross-sectional view of a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas expander in the axial direction according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0033] In the above figures: housing 10, inflow channel 101, outflow channel 102, conversion chamber 103, guide ring cavity 104, conveying isolation cavity 105, turbine 20, partition plate 30, nozzle 40, mounting pad 401, guide gap 402, gas expander body 50. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment is basically as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention proposes a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, including a housing 10, a turbine 20, a conversion chamber 103 located within the housing 10, five sets of partition plates 30, and several nozzles 40. The turbine 20 is rotatably mounted within the conversion chamber 103 of the housing 10; as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the housing 10 has five sets of flow-adjustable inflow channels 101 arranged circumferentially around the turbine 20. The housing 10 has an outflow channel 102 located at the front end face of the housing 10, and the end of the outflow channel 102 is connected to the center of the housing 10 near the turbine 20.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the nozzle 40 has a teardrop-shaped cross-section. Several nozzles 40 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the turbine 20. Several nozzles 40 are fixedly installed in the inflow channel 101 and conversion chamber 103 of the housing 10 by mounting plate 401. The flow direction of the nozzle 40 for the fluid or gaseous working medium intersects with the diameter direction of the turbine 20. At the same time, a flow guide gap 402 is formed between adjacent nozzles 40. The cross-sectional profile width of the flow guide gap 402 near the turbine 20 is smaller than the cross-sectional profile width of the flow guide gap 402 away from the turbine 20.

[0038] At the same time, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a flow guiding annular cavity 104 is formed inside the shell 10. The flow guiding annular cavity 104 is coaxially arranged between the conversion chamber 103 and the outflow channel 102. The inner ring of the flow guiding annular cavity 104 is connected to several flow guiding gaps 402. Five sets of partition plates 30 are evenly installed between the flow guiding annular cavities 104 of the shell 10. The partition plates 30 and the shell 10 are separated to form five sets of evenly distributed conveying isolation cavities 105. The middle part of each conveying isolation cavity 105 is connected to the inflow channel 101. The five sets of conveying isolation cavities 105 are connected to the five sets of inflow channels 101 one by one.

[0039] In addition, a switch valve is provided at the inflow channel 101 to adjust the opening and closing area of ​​the longitudinal section profile of the inflow channel 101; the channel area within the same inflow channel 101 can be directly divided into levels for graded adjustment, or the longitudinal section of the five sets of inflow channels 101 can be designed as non-uniform area air intake channels, and more adjustment levels can be achieved through arrangement and combination. For example, designing 3 non-uniform area channels can provide 6 adjustment levels, while 4 non-uniform area channels can provide up to 24 adjustment levels, realizing graded and multi-level adjustment of the total amount of fluid or gas working medium flowing in the inflow channel 101, and improving the adaptability of the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism during use.

[0040] In this embodiment, a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism recovers pressure energy from a fluid or gaseous working medium. The fluid or gaseous working medium enters the housing 10 through the inflow channel 101, then enters the conveying isolation chamber 105, and finally enters the conversion chamber 103 after passing through the guide gap 402 between the nozzles 40. At this time, the fluid or gaseous working medium impacts the turbine 20, thereby transferring the pressure energy stored in the fluid or gaseous working medium to the turbine 20, causing the turbine 20 to rotate and converting the pressure energy into mechanical energy. The fluid or gaseous working medium, having released its pressure energy, is discharged through the outflow channel 102, thus achieving full recovery of the pressure energy within the fluid or gaseous working medium.

[0041] In the above process, the opening and closing of individual inflow channels 101 and the opening and closing size of individual inflow channels 101 can be controlled according to the amount of fluid or gas being transported, so as to adjust the direction and total amount of fluid or gas being transported in the inflow channels 101 and the transport isolation chamber 105. This allows the entire turbine mechanism to adapt to a larger range of flow fluctuations and facilitates the adaptive transport of fluid or gas with different flow requirements. At the same time, since the cross-section of the nozzle 40 is teardrop-shaped and the cross-sectional profile of the guide gap 402 is restricted, the surface of the nozzle 40 is conducive to the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure fluid or gas. The guide gap 402 accurately guides the fluid or gas to the blades on the turbine 20, so that the pressure energy in the fluid or gas is released smoothly, improving the efficiency of the turbine 20 in converting pressure energy into mechanical energy, maximizing the output power of the turbine 20, and improving the energy recovery efficiency.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The differences between Example 2 and Example 1 are basically as follows: Figure 5 As shown, a gas expander is disclosed, including a gas expander body 50 and a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, which is mounted on the gas expander body 50.

[0044] In this embodiment, when a gas expander is in use, the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism can be connected to the gas expander body 50. The independent flow guidance settings of multiple inflow channels 101, delivery isolation chamber 105 and several nozzles 40 can allow the gas working medium to impact the turbine 20 more accurately and evenly, thereby enabling the delivery of the gas working medium and the precise recovery of the pressure energy within the gas working medium.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that Example 3 discloses a liquid turbine, including a liquid turbine body and a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism, wherein the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism is installed on the liquid turbine body.

[0047] In this embodiment, when a liquid turbine is in use, the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism can be connected to the liquid turbine body to control the inflow rate and opening / closing state of multiple inflow channels 101, thereby precisely controlling the inflow rate of the working fluid. The independent flow guidance settings of multiple conveying isolation chambers 105 and several nozzles 40 ensure that the working fluid flowing in from multiple angles does not interfere with each other, thereby enabling the conveying of the working fluid and the precise recovery of the pressure energy within the working fluid.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism comprising a housing, a turbine and a conversion chamber located within the housing, the turbine being rotatably mounted within the conversion chamber of the housing, characterised in that, The shell has several flow-adjustable inflow channels in its circumferential direction, and an outflow channel on its surface. Also includes: A plurality of nozzles are installed in the inflow channel and conversion chamber of the housing, wherein the flow direction of the nozzles for the fluid or gaseous working medium intersects with the diameter direction of the turbine. A flow guide gap is formed between adjacent nozzles, and the cross-sectional profile width of the flow guide gap near the turbine end is smaller than the cross-sectional profile width of the flow guide gap away from the turbine end. The shell is surrounded by a flow guiding ring cavity, which is coaxially disposed between the conversion chamber and the outflow channel. The inner ring of the flow guiding ring cavity is connected to several flow guiding gaps. A plurality of partition plates are installed between the flow guiding ring cavities of the housing, and the partition plates and the housing are separated to form a plurality of conveying isolation cavities, which are connected to the inflow channel; Each of the aforementioned conveying isolation chambers is connected to the inflow channel.

2. A multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Several nozzles are evenly arranged around the circumference of the turbine.

3. A multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The outflow channel is located at the end face of the housing, and the end of the outflow channel is connected to the center of the housing near the turbine.

4. A multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism as defined in claim 1, wherein, Several of the aforementioned inflow channels are evenly arranged circumferentially around the turbine.

5. A gas expander characterized by, It includes a gas expander body and a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism is mounted on the gas expander body.

6. A liquid turbine, characterized in that, It includes a liquid turbine body and a multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the multi-channel adjustable turbine mechanism is mounted on the liquid turbine body.

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