A small vertical axis wind turbine capable of capturing turbulent kinetic energy from photovoltaic wind farms

Abstract

This utility model discloses a small vertical axis wind turbine capable of capturing turbulent kinetic energy from photovoltaic wind farms, relating to the technical field of wind power generation equipment. The technical solution includes a base, a pole positioned at the center of the upper surface of the base, and lift-type blades and drag-type blades mounted on the pole. The lift-type blades are NACA airfoil blades, and the drag-type blades are Archimedean spiral surface blades. On the pole, the lift-type blades are positioned above the drag-type blades. The beneficial effects of this utility model are: this solution uses a combination of lift-type and drag-type blades, belonging to a lift-and-drag combined wind turbine. The drag-type blades are located below the lift-type blades, specifically designed for the wind farm characteristics of solar panels, considering the interaction with the performance improvement of the lift-type blades, and can also effectively reduce the starting wind speed of a pure lift-type wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a small vertical axis wind turbine that can capture turbulent kinetic energy from photovoltaic wind fields. Background Technology

[0002] Combined solar and wind power generation is one of the most viable technologies for achieving clean energy and sustainable development. On the one hand, the combined installation of solar panels and wind turbines does not increase land costs. On the other hand, due to the randomness of these two renewable energy sources, a hybrid system offers good complementarity; when sunlight decreases, wind speeds increase, and vice versa. Therefore, the combination of wind turbines and solar panels can help achieve optimal performance of the power generation system. However, near-ground wind speeds below 10 meters are generally relatively low, and the disturbance of the wind field by the solar panels may affect the wind turbine's wind energy capture efficiency. Studies have shown that a periodically arranged solar panel array with an installation height of 2.7 m significantly disturbs the frontal wind speed, to the point that the wind speed at a height of 10 m only recovers to 90% of the incoming wind speed, and within the top 2 m of the solar panels, turbulent kinetic energy dominates, resulting in significant randomness in wind direction. Currently, there are no small-scale wind turbines that can account for the wind field characteristics of periodically arranged solar panels.

[0003] In addition, small vertical axis wind turbines have gained widespread attention due to their superior aerodynamic performance, lack of need for wind control devices, and low construction and maintenance costs, making them particularly suitable for installation in low-wind-speed urban environments. However, lift-type vertical axis wind turbines have a relatively high starting wind speed, which limits the widespread application of pure lift-type vertical axis wind turbines, especially in the installation of small lift-type vertical axis wind turbines in solar panel wind farms.

[0004] How to solve the above problems is the research topic of this plan. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives and address the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a small vertical axis wind turbine that can capture turbulent kinetic energy from photovoltaic wind fields.

[0006] The technical solution includes a base, a vertical rod disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base, and lifting blades and drag blades disposed on the vertical rod. Lift-type blades use NACA airfoil blades, while drag-type blades use Archimedes spiral surface blades; On the pole, the lift-type blades are positioned above the drag-type blades; The lift-type blades are radially distributed around the central axis of the support, while the drag-type blades are centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support.

[0007] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0008] The included angle between two adjacent connecting rods is 120°.

[0009] Each of the lift-type and drag-type blades is fixedly connected to the upright via a connecting rod.

[0010] This wind turbine is a combination of lift and drag turbines. The lift blades use NACA airfoil blades (3 blades in total), while the drag blades use Archimedean spiral surfaces (2 blades in total). Specifically, the lift blades are NACA0012 airfoils, and the planar configuration of the drag blades is controlled by two parallel Archimedean curves controlled by five parameters: initial spiral radius a1, final spiral radius a2, spiral rotation angle θ, initial spiral angle 0°, and spiral thickness t. These curves are closed at both ends, forming a closed domain.

[0011] Appendix A provides the main parametric equations for drag-type blades.

[0012] First, we consider using precise mathematical equations to control the 3D Archimedean spiral surface so that the blade shape can be controlled by five parameters. Based on a large number of CFD calculations, the parameters of the blade are optimized. Finally, the specific values ​​of the five parameters controlling the planar configuration of the drag-type blade on the reference plane are determined as follows: a1=0.3m, a2=1.0m, θ=180°, initial spiral angle=0°, t=0.01m, and the closed ends are called the closed domain.

[0013] Secondly, after generating the Archimedes spiral domain on the reference plane, it is then vertically stretched to a height of 2m and rotated at an angle of 180°; finally, a three-dimensional geometric model is generated.

[0014] Finally, based on CFD calculations and considering the interaction between the wind turbine and the photovoltaic panel, an optimized spatial arrangement scheme is presented, as shown in Appendix B.

[0015] Appendix A. Parametric 3D Archimedean Spiral Surface: 1. Parametric equations of the Archimedean spiral curve in the xy-plane reference plane In the xy plane, the Archimedes spiral equation is: (A-1) In the formula, a is the initial radius, b is the radius growth rate, and θ is the rotation angle; Define several control parameters for the Archimedes curve, including the initial radius a. i The final radius a f The distance of each rotation of the spiral can be obtained by counting the number of rotations, n. (A-2) Assuming the starting angle is θ0, which is generally set to 0, and the ending angle is θ f =2πn, and through the following transformation, the final angle can be expressed using the initial radius and the final radius; (A-3) If the spiral starts from a non-zero initial angle, simply add the initial angle to the final angle: + (A-4) 2. Equations of two parallel Archimedean spirals In the reference plane xy plane, the initial contour lines of the model are generated using two parallel Archimedean curves, requiring the introduction of a thickness parameter t. To generate two spirals with a distance of t', the model can be translated t / 2 in two directions from a reference Archimedean curve, which requires translation along the normal direction of the reference spiral.

[0016] The equation of the normal vector of the xy-plane curve is (A-5) To normalize the normal vector, the above equation also needs to be divided by... (A-6) Thus, the equations of the two Archimedean spiral curves in the xy plane are determined as follows: (A-7) (A-8) 3.c) Parametric equations of the closed-end straight lines of two parallel Archimedean spirals The initial parametric curve connecting the two curves: (A-9) End parameter curves: (A-10) In the formula, s is always (-1, +1). Appendix B. Optimal Spatial Layout Scheme for Lift-Drag Composite Vertical Rear Wind Turbine and Photovoltaic Panels 1. Determine the optimal tilt angle α of the solar panel. To achieve the longest possible sunshine duration and the largest illuminated area, the optimal tilt angle of solar panels is related to the latitude of the location. Based on energy efficiency data of solar panels from more than ten cities in my country, the optimal installation angle formula (B-1) is derived: (B-1) In the formula, α is the optimal tilt angle of the solar panel; ω is the latitude; and e is the natural constant.

[0017] It can be used to determine the optimal tilt angle of solar panels.

[0018] 2. The wake effect of solar panels As shown in B-2, the relative installation position of the wind turbine can be determined according to the Jensen wake effect model, that is, the relationship between h2 and l2 is determined as follows: (B-1) In the formula, r is the solar panel tilt angle influence factor, which can be taken as 1.2 according to the CFD calculation results; k is the wake attenuation coefficient.

[0019] That is, (B-2) in, (B-3) In the formula, z0 is the surface roughness coefficient.

[0020] The technical problem this solution aims to solve is to provide a small vertical axis wind turbine capable of capturing turbulent kinetic energy from photovoltaic wind fields, and to offer an optimized arrangement of the wind turbine and photovoltaic panels. This wind turbine is designed based on the airflow characteristics of sites with periodically arranged solar panels, making it particularly suitable for capturing turbulent kinetic energy caused by disturbances from the solar panels, and effectively reducing the start-up wind speed of the small vertical axis wind turbine. The optimized arrangement takes into account the mutual influence between the photovoltaic panels and the wind turbine in the same wind field.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model embodiment are as follows: This solution adopts a combination of lift-type blades and drag-type blades, which belongs to the lift and drag combined type wind turbine. The drag-type blades are located below the lift-type blades and are specially designed for the wind field characteristics of solar panels. The interaction between the drag-type blades and the performance improvement of the lift-type blades is taken into account, and the starting wind speed of the pure lift-type wind turbine can also be effectively reduced.

[0022] Currently, there are no small wind turbines designed to capture the turbulent kinetic energy of wind fields after solar panel disturbance. The purpose of this invention is to fill this gap in technology and, at the same time, to solve the shortcomings of small pure lift vertical axis wind turbines, such as low start-up wind speed and easy stall at high wind speeds, thereby promoting the development of integrated solar and wind energy utilization systems. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is an embodiment of the NACA airfoil blade and connecting rod arrangement.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the Archimedes curve configuration on the reference plane of this utility model embodiment.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the angular positional relationship between the solar panel and the wind turbine in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a small vertical axis wind turbine model used for comparative research on embodiments of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 The wind speed distribution cloud map is for the lift-drag combined wind turbine 1 (this scheme).

[0028] Figure 6 The wind pressure distribution cloud map is for the lift-drag combined wind turbine 1 (this scheme).

[0029] Figure 7 This is a cloud map showing the wind speed distribution of the lift-drag combined wind turbine 2.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cloud map showing the wind pressure distribution of the combined lift and drag wind turbine 2.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a cloud map showing the wind speed distribution of the lift-drag combined wind turbine 3.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a cloud map showing the wind pressure distribution of the lift-drag combined wind turbine 3.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a cloud map showing the wind speed distribution of a lift-type wind turbine.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a cloud map showing the wind pressure distribution of a lift-type wind turbine.

[0035] Figure 13 A comparison of the maximum torque of four vertical axis wind turbines under different wind speeds.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0037] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A magnified view of part II.

[0038] Figure 16 for Figure 14 A magnified view of part III.

[0039] Figure 17 for Figure 14 CC cross-section view.

[0040] Figure 18 for Figure 14 BB cross-section.

[0041] Figure 19 for Figure 14 Top view.

[0042] Figure 20 for Figure 14 A bottom view.

[0043] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Lifting blade; 2. Drag blade; 3. Base; 4. Column. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit it.

[0045] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] Example 1 See Figures 1 to 20 This utility model provides a small vertical axis wind turbine that can capture turbulent kinetic energy from a photovoltaic wind field, including a base 3, a pole 4 disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base 3, a lift-type blade 1 and a drag-type blade 2 disposed on the pole 4; Lift-type blade 1 adopts NACA airfoil blade, and drag-type blade 2 adopts Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright 4, the lift-type blade 1 is located above the drag-type blade 2; The lift-type blade 1 is radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4, while the drag-type blade 2 is centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4.

[0049] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0050] The included angle between two adjacent links is 120°.

[0051] Each blade of the lift-type blade 1 and the drag-type blade 2 is fixedly connected to the upright 4 via a connecting rod.

[0052] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, it includes a base 3, a vertical rod 4 disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base 3, a lifting blade 1 and a drag blade 2 disposed on the vertical rod 4; Lift-type blade 1 adopts NACA airfoil blade, and drag-type blade 2 adopts Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright 4, the lift-type blade 1 is located above the drag-type blade 2; The lift-type blade 1 is radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4, while the drag-type blade 2 is centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4.

[0053] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0054] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1, it includes a base 3, a vertical rod 4 disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base 3, a lifting blade 1 and a drag blade 2 disposed on the vertical rod 4; Lift-type blade 1 adopts NACA airfoil blade, and drag-type blade 2 adopts Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright 4, the lift-type blade 1 is located above the drag-type blade 2; The lift-type blade 1 is radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4, while the drag-type blade 2 is centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4.

[0055] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0056] The included angle between two adjacent links is 120°.

[0057] Example 4 Based on Embodiment 1, it includes a base 3, a vertical rod 4 disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base 3, a lifting blade 1 and a drag blade 2 disposed on the vertical rod 4; Lift-type blade 1 adopts NACA airfoil blade, and drag-type blade 2 adopts Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright 4, the lift-type blade 1 is located above the drag-type blade 2; The lift-type blade 1 is radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4, while the drag-type blade 2 is centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4.

[0058] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0059] The included angle between two adjacent links is 120°.

[0060] The lift-type blade 1 is configured with 3 blades, and the drag-type blade 2 is configured with 2 blades.

[0061] Example 5 Based on Embodiment 1, it includes a base 3, a vertical rod 4 disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base 3, a lifting blade 1 and a drag blade 2 disposed on the vertical rod 4; Lift-type blade 1 adopts NACA airfoil blade, and drag-type blade 2 adopts Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright 4, the lift-type blade 1 is located above the drag-type blade 2; The lift-type blade 1 is radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4, while the drag-type blade 2 is centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4.

[0062] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0063] The included angle between two adjacent links is 120°.

[0064] The lift-type blade 1 is configured with 3 blades, and the drag-type blade 2 is configured with 2 blades.

[0065] The planar configuration of the drag-type blade 2 is controlled by two parallel Archimedes curves controlled by five parameters.

[0066] Example 6 Based on Embodiment 1, it includes a base 3, a vertical rod 4 disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base 3, a lifting blade 1 and a drag blade 2 disposed on the vertical rod 4; Lift-type blade 1 adopts NACA airfoil blade, and drag-type blade 2 adopts Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright 4, the lift-type blade 1 is located above the drag-type blade 2; The lift-type blade 1 is radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4, while the drag-type blade 2 is centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4.

[0067] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0068] The included angle between two adjacent links is 120°.

[0069] The lift-type blade 1 is configured with 3 blades, and the drag-type blade 2 is configured with 2 blades.

[0070] The planar configuration of the drag-type blade 2 is controlled by two parallel Archimedes curves controlled by five parameters.

[0071] The five parameters are the initial spiral radius a1, the final spiral radius a2, the spiral rotation angle θ, the initial spiral angle 0°, and the spiral thickness t. The two ends are closed to form a closed domain.

[0072] The specific values ​​of the five parameters of the two-plane configuration of the control drag type blade on the reference plane are: a1=0.3m, a2=1.0m, θ=180°, initial helix angle=0°, t=0.01m, and the closed ends are called the closed domain.

[0073] Example 7 Based on Embodiment 1, it includes a base 3, a vertical rod 4 disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base 3, a lifting blade 1 and a drag blade 2 disposed on the vertical rod 4; Lift-type blade 1 adopts NACA airfoil blade, and drag-type blade 2 adopts Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright 4, the lift-type blade 1 is located above the drag-type blade 2; The lift-type blade 1 is radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4, while the drag-type blade 2 is centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod 4.

[0074] The lifting blade has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

[0075] The included angle between two adjacent links is 120°.

[0076] The lift-type blade 1 is configured with 3 blades, and the drag-type blade 2 is configured with 2 blades.

[0077] The planar configuration of the drag-type blade 2 is controlled by two parallel Archimedes curves controlled by five parameters.

[0078] The five parameters are the initial spiral radius a1, the final spiral radius a2, the spiral rotation angle θ, the initial spiral angle 0°, and the spiral thickness t. The two ends are closed to form a closed domain.

[0079] The specific values ​​of the five parameters of the two-plane configuration of the control drag type blade on the reference plane are: a1=0.3m, a2=1.0m, θ=180°, initial helix angle=0°, t=0.01m, and the closed ends are called the closed domain.

[0080] Each blade of the lift-type blade 1 and the drag-type blade 2 is fixedly connected to the upright 4 via a connecting rod.

[0081] This wind turbine is a combination of lift and drag turbines. The lift blades use NACA airfoil blades (3 blades in total), while the drag blades use Archimedean spiral surfaces (2 blades in total). Specifically, the lift blades are NACA0012 airfoils, and the planar configuration of the drag blades is controlled by two parallel Archimedean curves controlled by five parameters: initial spiral radius a1, final spiral radius a2, spiral rotation angle θ, initial spiral angle 0°, and spiral thickness t. These curves are closed at both ends, forming a closed domain.

[0082] Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) 6DOF analysis was performed on one lift-type blade and three blades with a combination of lift and drag. By comparing parameters such as wind speed and pressure distribution, as well as maximum torque, the excellent aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine of this invention is demonstrated. The geometric models of the four wind turbines are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, for comparability, the four wind turbines have the same diameter and total blade height. Figures 5-8 Wind speed and wind pressure distribution cloud maps for four different wind turbines are provided. Figure 9 The maximum torque of the four wind turbines under different wind speeds is given. The comparison shows that the aerodynamic performance of the lift-drag combined wind turbine 1 (this scheme) is the best.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A small vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm, characterized in that, It includes a base (3), a vertical rod (4) disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the base (3), a lifting blade (1) and a drag blade (2) disposed on the vertical rod (4); The lift-type blade (1) adopts the NACA airfoil blade, and the drag-type blade (2) adopts the Archimedes spiral surface blade; On the upright (4), the lift-type blade (1) is located above the drag-type blade (2); The lifting blades (1) are radially distributed around the central axis of the support rod (4), and the drag blades (2) are centrally symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the support rod (4).

2. The small scale vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm of claim 1, wherein, The lifting blade (1) has a chord length of 1m, a blade height of 2.5m, and a connecting rod length of 1.8m.

3. A small vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm according to claim 2, characterized in that, The included angle between two adjacent connecting rods is 120°.

4. The small scale vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm of claim 1, wherein, The lift-type blade (1) is configured as 3 pieces, and the drag-type blade (2) is configured as 2 pieces.

5. The small scale vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm of claim 1, wherein, The planar configuration of the drag-type blade (2) is controlled by two parallel Archimedes curves controlled by five parameters.

6. The small scale vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm of claim 5, wherein, The five parameters are the initial spiral radius a1, the final spiral radius a2, the spiral rotation angle θ, the initial spiral angle 0°, and the spiral thickness t, which are closed at both ends to form a closed domain.

7. A small vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm according to claim 6, characterized by, The specific values ​​of the five parameters controlling the planar configuration of the drag-type blade (2) on the reference plane are: a1=0.3m, a2=1.0m, θ=180°, initial helix angle=0°, t=0.01m, and the closed ends are called the closed domain.

8. The small scale vertical axis wind turbine that can capture the turbulent kinetic energy of a photovoltaic wind farm of claim 1, wherein, Each blade of the lifting blade (1) and the drag blade (2) is fixedly connected to the upright (4) via a connecting rod.

Images