Gear meshing positioning structure of electric vehicle axle reducer

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle axle technology, specifically to a gear meshing and positioning structure for an electric vehicle axle reducer. It includes a positioning mechanism, a housing, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a drive gear, and a driven gear. The positioning mechanism is located inside the housing. Both the drive shaft and the driven shaft are rotatably connected to the rear inner wall of the housing. The positioning mechanism includes two bearings coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the drive shaft and the driven shaft, two bidirectional lead screws rotatably connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the housing, and a positioning motor mounted on the outer wall of the housing for driving the two bidirectional lead screws to rotate synchronously. This utility model solves the problem of the reducer malfunctioning due to relative misalignment between the drive gear and the driven gear by setting up a positioning mechanism. Furthermore, the cooperation of the bidirectional lead screws, clamping rings, and inserts in the positioning mechanism solves the problem of inconvenient bearing disassembly and difficulty in quick repair and replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle axle technology, specifically to a gear meshing and positioning structure for an electric vehicle axle reducer. Background Technology

[0002] In the transmission system architecture of electric vehicles, the axle reducer plays a key role in power reduction and torque amplification. It is a core component that ensures stable power output and reliable driving performance of the vehicle. Among them, the meshing accuracy of the gears inside the reducer is the core factor that determines its operating quality.

[0003] Currently, traditional electric vehicle axle reducers have significant limitations in gear positioning design: most solutions rely solely on the fit tolerance between the shaft and the housing, or use a simple bearing-based positioning method, lacking a dedicated active positioning mechanism for the gear meshing position. This passive positioning mode is not stable enough under complex working conditions. When the vehicle encounters bumpy road conditions, frequent load changes, or the impact force generated by long-term gear meshing, the drive shaft will experience slight displacement, which in turn will cause the relative position of the gears to shift.

[0004] Gear misalignment not only exacerbates tooth surface wear and generates harsh abnormal noise, but also causes power transmission loss and reduces the overall energy efficiency of the vehicle. In more serious cases, the accumulated misalignment can lead to serious malfunctions such as gear jamming and tooth breakage, directly threatening driving safety. In addition, the maintenance of bearings in traditional reducers also faces challenges: as a key component supporting the operation of the drive shaft, the repair and replacement of bearings requires a complex mechanical disassembly process. Maintenance personnel need to use special tools to gradually disassemble the housing and internal related components. The operation steps are cumbersome and time-consuming, which not only greatly increases the intensity of manual labor, but also prolongs the vehicle downtime maintenance cycle and drives up the overall operation and maintenance costs. Against this background, we propose a gear meshing positioning structure for electric vehicle axle reducers. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a gear meshing positioning structure for an electric vehicle axle reducer. By setting a positioning mechanism, the problem of the reducer failing to work properly due to the relative positional misalignment between the driving gear and the driven gear is solved. Through the cooperation of the bidirectional lead screw, clamping ring, and insert block in the positioning mechanism, the problem of inconvenient bearing disassembly and difficulty in quick maintenance and replacement is solved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The gear meshing positioning structure of an electric vehicle axle reducer includes a positioning mechanism, a housing, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a drive gear, and a driven gear. The positioning mechanism is located inside the housing. The drive shaft and the driven shaft are rotatably connected to the rear inner wall of the housing. The positioning mechanism includes two bearings coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the drive shaft and the driven shaft, two double-acting lead screws rotatably connected to the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the housing, and a positioning motor mounted on the outer wall of the housing for driving the two double-acting lead screws to rotate synchronously. Two moving rods are threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the double-acting lead screws, and a clamping ring that slides into the bearing on the same side is fixed on the outer wall of the moving rod.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the positioning mechanism further includes two rotating columns rotatably connected to the top surface of the housing, two rotating rollers rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the housing, and the bidirectional lead screw is coaxially fixed between the rotating columns and the rotating rollers on the same side and is arranged vertically.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the positioning mechanism further includes two pulleys that are coaxially fixed on the outer walls of the two rotating columns, the two pulleys being connected by a belt drive, the positioning motor being mounted on the top surface of the housing, and the output shaft of the positioning motor being coaxially connected to the rotating column on the same side.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the two movable rods located on the same side are threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the bidirectional lead screw on the same side in a mutually symmetrical manner. The movable rods are L-shaped, and a fixing post is fixed between the cross bar end of the movable rod and the clamping ring on the same side.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the outer circumferential wall of the bearing outer ring is provided with two slots, the clamping ring is in the shape of a semi-circular ring, the inner circumferential wall of the clamping ring is tightly fitted with the outer circumferential wall of the bearing outer ring on the same side, and a plug is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the clamping ring to slide into the slot on the same side of the bearing outer ring on the same side.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the rear inner wall of the housing is provided with two vertically arranged guide grooves, and a guide block is fixed on the rear surface of the vertical end of the moving rod and slidably connected to the guide groove on the same side of the rear inner wall of the housing.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove on the rear inner wall of the housing is convex, and the shape of the guide block is convex, which is adapted to the shape of the guide groove on the rear inner wall of the housing.

[0014] These six features ensure that the bidirectional lead screw can be stably connected to the housing, providing stable support for the vertical movement of the moving rod, guaranteeing the stability of the positioning mechanism's bearing limit, enabling the positioning motor to drive the two rotating columns to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the two bidirectional lead screws to move synchronously, ensuring the synchronous limit of the bearings on the drive and driven shafts, allowing the moving rod to drive the clamping ring to accurately clamp or release the bearing, and the fixed column to enhance the stability of the connection between the clamping ring and the moving rod, ensuring the limit effect, allowing the clamping ring to fit tightly against the outer wall of the bearing, and the insert block to insert into the slot, further improving the firmness of the bearing limit, preventing the bearing from rotating or shifting, allowing the moving rod to slide smoothly along the guide groove when moving vertically, avoiding the moving rod from shifting, ensuring the accuracy of the clamping ring's limit of the bearing, and preventing the guide block from disengaging when sliding in the guide groove, further improving the stability of the moving rod's movement, and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the positioning mechanism.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the driving gear and the driven gear are coaxially fixed on the outer circumferential walls of the driving shaft and the driven shaft, respectively, and the driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other;

[0016] This feature ensures that the power from the drive shaft is stably transmitted to the driven shaft, and, in conjunction with the positioning mechanism for the gears, guarantees the efficiency and stability of the reducer's power transmission.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This utility model achieves precise positioning of the outer rings of the bearings on the drive shaft and driven shaft by setting up a positioning mechanism with a positioning motor, two bidirectional lead screws, four moving rods, four clamping rings, and four insert blocks: when the positioning motor drives the bidirectional lead screws to rotate, the moving rods drive the clamping rings and insert blocks to move synchronously. The insert blocks are inserted into the bearing slots, and the clamping rings are attached to the outer wall of the bearing, which can stably fix the bearing position, thereby positioning the drive shaft, driven shaft, and meshing drive gear and driven gear. This achieves the effect of preventing the gears from losing meshing accuracy due to relative position offset, avoiding problems such as abnormal noise and accelerated wear in the reducer, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the electric vehicle axle reducer, and reducing the frequency of fault repair.

[0019] 2. This utility model achieves convenient bearing disassembly through the symmetrically threaded moving rod in the positioning mechanism, the clamping ring adapted to the bearing, and the insert block structure. When bearing repair or replacement is required, it is only necessary to control the positioning motor to drive the bidirectional lead screw in reverse, causing the moving rod to disengage the clamping ring and insert block from the bearing, without the need for disassembling other internal components of the housing using complex tools. This simplifies the bearing disassembly and assembly process, shortens repair and replacement time, reduces the operational difficulty for maintenance personnel, reduces downtime maintenance costs for the reducer, and improves equipment maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial exploded view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning mechanism in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is one of the exploded partial views of the positioning mechanism in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is the second partial exploded view of the positioning mechanism in this utility model;

[0026] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0027] 1. Housing; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Driven shaft; 13. Drive gear; 14. Driven gear; 2. Positioning mechanism; 21. Rotary column; 22. Rotary roller; 23. Double-acting lead screw; 24. Moving rod; 25. Guide block; 26. Bearing; 27. Clamping ring; 28. Insertion block; 29. ​​Fixed column; 210. Pulley; 211. Belt; 212. Positioning motor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-2 , Figures 4-6This utility model provides a technical solution: a gear meshing positioning structure for an electric vehicle axle reducer, including a positioning mechanism 2, a housing 1, a drive shaft 11, a driven shaft 12, a drive gear 13, and a driven gear 14. The positioning mechanism 2 is located inside the housing 1. The drive shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 are rotatably connected to the rear inner wall of the housing 1. The positioning mechanism 2 includes two bearings 26 coaxially fixed to the outer circumference of the drive shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12, two bidirectional lead screws 23 rotatably connected to the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the housing 1, and a positioning motor 212 installed on the outer wall of the housing 1 for driving the two bidirectional lead screws 23 to rotate synchronously. Two moving rods 24 are threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the bidirectional lead screws 23, and a clamping ring 27 that slides and inserts into the bearing 26 on the same side is fixed on the outer wall of the moving rod 24.

[0031] The positioning mechanism 2, housing 1, drive shaft 11, driven shaft 12, drive gear 13, driven gear 14, and bearing 26, double-acting lead screw 23, positioning motor 212, moving rod 24, and clamping ring 27 within the positioning mechanism 2 enable the positioning motor 212 to drive the double-acting lead screw 23 to move the moving rod 24 and clamping ring 27 to limit the bearing 26, thereby fixing the position of the shaft and gear and preventing gear misalignment from affecting the normal operation of the reducer.

[0032] In this embodiment, the positioning mechanism 2 further includes two rotating columns 21 rotatably connected to the top surface of the housing 1, two rotating rollers 22 rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the housing 1, and a bidirectional lead screw 23 coaxially fixed between the rotating columns 21 and the rotating rollers 22 on the same side and arranged vertically;

[0033] The rotating column 21, rotating roller 22 and vertically fixed bidirectional lead screw 23 in the positioning mechanism 2 enable the bidirectional lead screw 23 to be stably rotated and connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the housing 1, providing stable support for the vertical movement of the moving rod 24, ensuring the stability of the positioning mechanism 2 in limiting the bearing 26 and reducing shaking.

[0034] In addition, the positioning mechanism 2 also includes two pulleys 210 that are coaxially fixed on the outer circumference of the two rotating columns 21 respectively. The two pulleys 210 are connected by a belt 211. The positioning motor 212 is mounted on the top surface of the housing 1, and the output shaft of the positioning motor 212 is coaxially connected to the rotating column 21 on the same side.

[0035] Through the pulley 210, belt 211 and positioning motor 212 connected to the rotating column 21 in the positioning mechanism 2, the positioning motor 212 can drive the two rotating columns 21 to rotate synchronously through belt transmission, thereby causing the two bidirectional lead screws 23 to move synchronously, ensuring the precise and synchronous positioning of the bearings 26 on the drive shaft and driven shaft.

[0036] Furthermore, two movable rods 24 located on the same side are threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the bidirectional lead screw 23 on the same side in a symmetrical manner. The movable rods 24 are L-shaped, and a fixing post 29 is fixed between the cross end of the movable rod 24 and the clamping ring 27 on the same side.

[0037] The movable rod 24, the L-shaped movable rod 24, and the fixed post 29 are connected by symmetrical threads on the same side, so that the movable rod 24 can drive the clamping ring 27 to accurately clamp or release the bearing 26. The L-shaped structure is adapted to the installation space, and the fixed post 29 enhances the connection strength between the clamping ring 27 and the movable rod 24, improving the reliability of the limit.

[0038] Specifically, the outer circumferential wall of the outer ring of the bearing 26 is provided with two slots, the clamping ring 27 is semi-circular in shape, the inner circumferential wall of the clamping ring 27 is tightly fitted with the outer circumferential wall of the outer ring of the bearing 26 on the same side, and a plug 28 is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the clamping ring 27, which is slidably inserted into the slot on the outer wall of the bearing 26 on the same side;

[0039] The bearing 26 outer ring slot, the semi-circular ring clamp 27 and the insert 28 make the clamp 27 fit tightly against the outer wall of the bearing 26, and the insert 28 is inserted into the slot to form a double limit, preventing the bearing 26 from rotating or axially shifting, and further ensuring the positioning accuracy of the shaft and gear.

[0040] It is worth noting that two vertically arranged guide grooves are provided on the rear inner wall of the housing 1, and a guide block 25 that is slidably connected to the guide groove on the same side of the rear inner wall of the housing 1 is fixed on the rear surface of the vertical end of the moving rod 24;

[0041] The guide groove on the inner rear wall of the housing 1 and the guide block 25 on the moving rod 24 allow the moving rod 24 to slide along the guide groove when moving vertically, preventing the moving rod 24 from deviating or getting stuck, ensuring that the clamping ring 27 can accurately align with the bearing 26, and improving the operational stability of the positioning mechanism 2.

[0042] It is worth noting that the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove on the rear inner wall of the housing 1 is convex, and the shape of the guide block 25 is convex, which matches the shape of the guide groove on the rear inner wall of the housing 1.

[0043] The convex guide groove and the matching convex guide block 25 ensure that the guide block 25 will not detach when sliding in the guide groove, while limiting the lateral displacement of the moving rod 24, further ensuring the accuracy of the moving trajectory of the moving rod 24, and ensuring the stable limiting effect of the clamping ring 27 on the bearing 26.

[0044] like Figures 1-3 As shown, it is worth emphasizing that the driving gear 13 and the driven gear 14 are coaxially fixed on the outer circumferential walls of the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12, respectively, and the driving gear 13 and the driven gear 14 mesh with each other.

[0045] The drive gear 13 on the drive shaft 11 and the driven gear 14 on the driven shaft 12, along with their meshing, ensure that the power of the drive shaft 11 is stably transmitted to the driven shaft 12. In conjunction with the positioning mechanism 2, the gears are positioned to reduce the fluctuation of the meshing clearance and ensure the power transmission efficiency and smooth operation of the reducer.

[0046] It should be added that the positioning motor 212 is electrically connected to the external PLC and the external power supply via wires, and the external PLC is also electrically connected to the external power supply via wires.

[0047] The positioning motor 212 in this embodiment is existing technology, and its structure and working principle are as well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] In practical use, this embodiment includes the following operations:

[0049] 1. Gear positioning operation: When it is necessary to position the driving gear 13 and the driven gear 14, the external PLC sends a start command to control the positioning motor 212 to run. The positioning motor 212 drives the rotating column 21 on the same side to rotate. Through the pulley 210 and belt 211, the other rotating column 21 rotates synchronously, which in turn drives the two bidirectional lead screws 23 to rotate synchronously. When the bidirectional lead screws 23 rotate, the moving rod 24 with the symmetrical threaded connection on the same side moves vertically along the guide groove of the housing 1 with the convex guide block 25, which drives the clamping ring 27 to approach the bearing 26 until the clamping ring 27 is in contact with the outer wall of the bearing 26. The insert block 28 is inserted into the slot of the bearing 26 to complete the bearing 26 limit, thereby fixing the position of the driving shaft 11, the driven shaft 12 and the gear. The PLC controls the positioning motor 212 to stop.

[0050] 2. Bearing disassembly operation: When bearing 26 needs to be repaired or replaced, the external PLC sends a reverse command to control the positioning motor 212 to run in the opposite direction. Similarly, it drives the two bidirectional lead screws 23 to rotate in the opposite direction. The moving rod 24 drives the clamping ring 27 away from bearing 26, and the insert block 28 disengages from the bearing 26 slot, releasing the limit on bearing 26. Bearing 26 can then be removed for repair or replacement. After replacement, the PLC controls the positioning motor 212 to run in the forward direction again, repeating the positioning steps to re-fix bearing 26 and gear.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gear meshing positioning structure for an electric vehicle axle reducer, comprising a positioning mechanism (2), a housing (1), a drive shaft (11), a driven shaft (12), a drive gear (13), and a driven gear (14), characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (2) is located inside the housing (1). The drive shaft (11) and the driven shaft (12) are rotatably connected to the rear inner wall of the housing (1). The positioning mechanism (2) includes two bearings (26) that are coaxially fixed on the outer circumference of the drive shaft (11) and the driven shaft (12), two bidirectional lead screws (23) that are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the housing (1), and a positioning motor (212) installed on the outer wall of the housing (1) and used to drive the two bidirectional lead screws (23) to rotate synchronously. Two moving rods (24) are threaded on the outer circumference of the bidirectional lead screws (23), and a clamping ring (27) that slides and inserts into the bearing (26) on the same side is fixed on the outer wall of the moving rod (24).

2. The gear meshing and positioning structure of the electric vehicle axle reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (2) also includes two rotating columns (21) rotatably connected to the top surface of the housing (1) and two rotating rollers (22) rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the housing (1). The bidirectional screw (23) is coaxially fixed between the rotating columns (21) and the rotating rollers (22) on the same side and is arranged vertically.

3. The gear meshing and positioning structure of the electric vehicle axle reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (2) also includes two pulleys (210) that are coaxially fixed on the outer circumference of the two rotating columns (21). The two pulleys (210) are connected by a belt (211). The positioning motor (212) is installed on the top surface of the housing (1), and the output shaft of the positioning motor (212) is coaxially connected to the rotating column (21) on the same side.

4. The gear meshing and positioning structure of the electric vehicle axle reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two movable rods (24) located on the same side are threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the bidirectional screw (23) on the same side in a symmetrical manner. The movable rods (24) are L-shaped, and a fixing post (29) is fixed between the cross bar end of the movable rods (24) and the clamping ring (27) on the same side.

5. The gear meshing and positioning structure of the electric vehicle axle reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the bearing (26) has two slots on its outer circumference. The clamping ring (27) is semi-circular in shape. The inner circumference of the clamping ring (27) is closely fitted with the outer circumference of the bearing (26) on the same side. The inner circumference of the clamping ring (27) is fixed with a plug (28) that slides into the slot on the outer wall of the bearing (26) on the same side.

6. The gear meshing and positioning structure of the electric vehicle axle reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear inner wall of the housing (1) is provided with two vertically arranged guide grooves, and the rear surface of the vertical end of the moving rod (24) is fixed with a guide block (25) that is slidably connected to the guide groove on the same side of the rear inner wall of the housing (1).

7. The gear meshing and positioning structure of the electric vehicle axle reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the guide groove on the rear inner wall of the housing (1) is convex, and the shape of the guide block (25) is convex, which is adapted to the shape of the guide groove on the rear inner wall of the housing (1).

8. The gear meshing and positioning structure of the electric vehicle axle reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving gear (13) and the driven gear (14) are coaxially fixed on the outer circumferential walls of the driving shaft (11) and the driven shaft (12), respectively, and the driving gear (13) and the driven gear (14) mesh with each other.

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