A high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding

Abstract

This utility model discloses a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen storage equipment. It includes a liner, a carbon fiber winding layer, a bottle mouth assembly, and a safety monitoring unit. The liner is a hollow columnar structure with a modified epoxy resin coating on its outer wall. A carbon fiber winding layer is wound around the outside of the modified epoxy resin coating. The bottle mouth assembly is sealed to both ends of the liner. The safety monitoring unit includes an embedded fiber optic sensor and a pressure sensor. The embedded fiber optic sensor is embedded within the carbon fiber winding layer, and the pressure sensor is installed at the air inlet of the bottle mouth assembly. This high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding, through its multi-layered structural design and the inclusion of a safety monitoring unit, improves the pressure resistance, structural stability, and operational safety of the hydrogen storage cylinder, solving the problems of interface peeling, insufficient strength, and lack of safety warnings in existing high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage equipment, specifically relating to a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders, as core equipment in the hydrogen energy storage and transportation process, are widely used in key areas such as new energy vehicles, distributed energy storage, and fuel cell power generation. Their performance directly determines the safety and economy of hydrogen energy utilization, thus placing extremely high demands on the pressure resistance, hydrogen permeation resistance, structural stability, and safety early warning capabilities of hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0003] Currently, most high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders on the market adopt a composite structure of inner lining and fiber winding layer. However, in practical applications, there is still a problem of insufficient interfacial bonding performance. Due to insufficient bonding strength, the inner lining and fiber winding layer often experience interfacial peeling under the pressure cycle of repeated hydrogen filling and discharging, resulting in a sharp drop in the overall structural load-bearing capacity. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding, so as to solve the problem of insufficient interfacial bonding performance of some high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding, comprising an inner liner, a carbon fiber winding layer, a bottle mouth assembly, and a safety monitoring unit. The inner liner is a hollow columnar structure with a modified epoxy resin coating on its outer wall. A carbon fiber winding layer is wound around the outside of the modified epoxy resin coating. Two bottle mouth assemblies are provided, which are respectively sealed and connected to the openings at both ends of the inner liner. The bottle mouth assembly is provided with an inlet and an outlet communicating with the interior of the inner liner. The safety monitoring unit includes an embedded fiber optic sensor and a pressure sensor. The embedded fiber optic sensor is embedded in the carbon fiber winding layer, and the pressure sensor is installed at the inlet of the bottle mouth assembly.

[0006] In a further embodiment, the carbon fiber winding layer includes an inner winding section and an outer winding section, with a resin bonding layer provided between the inner winding section and the outer winding section.

[0007] In a further embodiment, the bottle neck assembly includes a connecting flange and a sealing tube, the connecting flange being fixedly connected to the end of the liner, and the sealing tube being threaded into the connecting flange.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the outer wall of the sealing tube is provided with a sealing groove, and an elastic sealing gasket is installed in the sealing groove. A metal sealing ring is threaded to the outer wall of the sealing tube, and a vent pipe is fixed to one end of the sealing tube.

[0009] In a further embodiment, the embedded fiber optic sensor includes a fiber optic body and a plurality of Bragg grating sensing units, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the fiber optic body.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the carbon fiber winding layer is covered with a protective outer layer, and a support base is provided on the outside of the protective outer layer. A fixing frame is placed on the surface of the support base.

[0011] In a further embodiment, threaded holes are provided at corresponding positions of the support base and the fixing frame, and fixing bolts are threaded into the threaded holes.

[0012] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows: This high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding solves the strength and interface problems of traditional hydrogen storage cylinders through a multi-layer composite structure design. The modified epoxy resin coating not only achieves a tight bond between the inner liner and the carbon fiber winding layer, but also forms a secondary bond between the inner and outer winding sections of the carbon fiber winding layer with a resin adhesive layer, which fundamentally suppresses the risk of interface peeling. The bottle neck assembly adopts an integrated design of connecting flange, sealing tube and multiple seals. The sealing groove on the outer wall of the sealing tube has a built-in elastic sealing gasket, which, together with the threaded metal sealing ring, forms a double sealing structure, which can effectively fill the sealing gap and prevent hydrogen from leaking from the bottle neck connection. The pressure sensor is installed at the air inlet to monitor the pressure changes during the hydrogen filling process in real time, preventing risks caused by overpressure hydrogen filling. The embedded fiber optic sensor embedded in the carbon fiber winding layer can accurately capture the stress and strain changes of the winding layer through multiple Bragg grating sensing units distributed at intervals along the axis. This solves the technical shortcoming of traditional equipment lacking structural early warning and provides advance prediction for the safe operation of hydrogen storage cylinders. The protective outer layer of the carbon fiber winding layer can effectively resist physical damage such as external collisions and friction, protecting the core pressure-bearing structure from damage. The support base and the fixing frame are fastened together through threaded holes and fixing bolts at corresponding positions, which can form a stable support for the hydrogen storage cylinder, greatly reducing the risk of shaking and tipping during transportation, handling and installation, and adapting to the needs of multiple scenarios. This high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding, through the multi-layer structural design and the setting of safety monitoring unit, improves the pressure resistance, structural stability and safety of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and solves the problems of interface peeling, insufficient strength and lack of safety warning in existing high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage bottle of this utility model; Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the bottle mouth assembly of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Lining; 2. Resin adhesive layer; 3. Inner winding section; 4. Outer winding section; 5. Protective outer layer; 6. Embedded fiber optic sensor; 7. Connecting flange; 8. Sealing tube; 9. Elastic sealing gasket; 10. Metal sealing ring; 11. Vent pipe; 12. Pressure sensor; 13. Support base; 14. Fixing bracket; 15. Fixing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, the directions mentioned herein, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside, are based on the directions shown in the figures of this utility model, and are explained here together.

[0018] This utility model provides, for example Figure 1-4 The high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder shown includes a liner 1, a carbon fiber winding layer, a bottle mouth assembly, and a safety monitoring unit. The liner 1 has a hollow columnar structure and is made of polyvinyl butyral modified high-density polyethylene material, which has good hydrogen permeation resistance. Its outer wall is provided with a modified epoxy resin coating 2, and the modified epoxy resin coating 2 is wrapped with a carbon fiber winding layer on the outside. The modified epoxy resin coating 2 can enhance the interfacial bonding force between the liner 1 and the carbon fiber winding layer. The carbon fiber winding layer includes an inner winding section 3 and an outer winding section 4. A resin bonding layer is provided between the inner winding section 3 and the outer winding section 4. The inner winding section 3 is formed by T700 grade unidirectional carbon fiber in a ±45° cross winding manner with a winding thickness of 3mm. The outer winding section 4 is formed by T800 grade bidirectional carbon fiber in a 90° circumferential winding manner with a winding thickness of 2mm. Two bottle mouth assemblies are provided, which are respectively sealed and connected to the two ends of the inner liner 1. The bottle mouth assembly is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet that connect to the inside of the inner liner 1. The bottle mouth assembly includes a connecting flange 7 and a sealing tube 8. The connecting flange 7 is fixedly connected to the end of the inner liner 1. The sealing tube 8 is threadedly connected to the connecting flange 7. A sealing groove is opened on the outer wall of the sealing tube 8, and an elastic sealing gasket 9 is installed in the sealing groove. A metal sealing ring 10 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing tube 8. A vent pipe 11 is fixed to one end of the sealing tube 8, and a control valve is installed on the vent pipe 11. The safety monitoring unit includes an embedded fiber optic sensor 6 and a pressure sensor 12. The embedded fiber optic sensor 6 is embedded in the carbon fiber winding layer, and the pressure sensor 12 is installed at the air inlet of the bottle mouth assembly. The embedded fiber optic sensor 6 includes an optical fiber body and multiple Bragg grating sensing units. The Bragg grating sensing units are spaced apart along the axial direction of the optical fiber body. The outer layer of the carbon fiber winding layer is covered with a protective outer layer 5. A support base 13 is provided on the outer side of the protective outer layer 5. A fixing frame 14 is placed on the surface of the support base 13. Threaded holes are opened at corresponding positions of the support base 13 and the fixing frame 14. Fixing bolts 15 are threaded into the threaded holes. Through the cooperation of the support base 13 and the fixing frame 14, the hydrogen storage bottle can be stably supported to ensure stability during transportation.

[0019] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0021] Working principle: When using this high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding, hydrogen is first filled through the air inlet on the vent pipe 11 in the cylinder mouth assembly. The control valve can adjust the hydrogen filling rate to match the hydrogen storage pressure requirements. During the hydrogen filling process, the elastic sealing gasket 9 on the outer wall of the sealing pipe 8 and the metal sealing ring 10 are tightly fitted to the inner wall of the connecting flange 7 to form a double sealing barrier to prevent hydrogen from leaking from the cylinder mouth connection. As the core chamber for hydrogen storage, the inner liner 1 is made of modified high-density polyethylene material, which can effectively block hydrogen permeation and prevent hydrogen from penetrating the inner liner 1 and affecting the outer structure. The modified epoxy resin coating 2 on the outer wall of the inner liner 1 firmly bonds the inner liner 1 to the carbon fiber winding layer. The inner layer of the carbon fiber winding layer has a ±45° cross-wound structure that mainly bears the axial pressure, while the outer layer has a 90° circumferential winding structure that mainly bears the radial pressure. The resin bonding layer between the inner and outer layers further enhances the overall synergistic stress-bearing capacity, jointly resisting the expansion force generated by high-pressure hydrogen and ensuring structural stability during the hydrogen storage process. Pressure sensor 12 collects hydrogen pressure data at the inlet in real time. When the pressure approaches the preset threshold, it can trigger an early warning. Multiple Bragg grating sensing units of embedded fiber optic sensing element 6 sense the stress and strain changes of the carbon fiber winding layer in real time along the axial direction. If local stress concentration or structural damage occurs, early warning can be achieved through fiber optic signal feedback. The outer protective layer 5 of the hydrogen storage cylinder isolates it from external physical damage. The support base 13 and the fixing frame 14 are fastened by fixing bolts 15 to ensure overall stability during transportation and static placement. When hydrogen needs to be supplied to the outside, the control valve at the outlet is opened, and hydrogen is output from the inside of the liner 1 through the vent pipe 11, completing the complete cycle of hydrogen storage and supply.

[0022] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding, comprising an inner liner (1), a carbon fiber winding layer, a bottle mouth assembly, and a safety monitoring unit, characterized in that: The inner liner (1) is a hollow columnar structure with a modified epoxy resin coating (2) on its outer wall. The modified epoxy resin coating (2) is wrapped with a carbon fiber winding layer on its outer side. There are two bottle mouth assemblies, which are respectively sealed and connected to the openings at both ends of the inner liner (1). The bottle mouth assembly is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet that connect to the inside of the inner liner (1). The safety monitoring unit includes an embedded fiber optic sensor (6) and a pressure sensor (12). The embedded fiber optic sensor (6) is embedded in the carbon fiber winding layer, and the pressure sensor (12) is installed at the air inlet of the bottle mouth assembly.

2. The high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon fiber winding layer includes an inner winding section (3) and an outer winding section (4), and a resin bonding layer is provided between the inner winding section (3) and the outer winding section (4).

3. A high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottle mouth assembly includes a connecting flange (7) and a sealing tube (8). The connecting flange (7) is fixedly connected to the end of the liner (1), and the sealing tube (8) is threaded into the connecting flange (7).

4. A high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sealing tube (8) is provided with a sealing groove, and an elastic sealing gasket (9) is installed in the sealing groove. A metal sealing ring (10) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing tube (8), and a vent pipe (11) is fixed to one end of the sealing tube (8).

5. A high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded fiber optic sensor (6) includes a fiber body and multiple Bragg grating sensing units, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the fiber body.

6. A high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the carbon fiber winding layer is covered with a protective outer layer (5), and a support base (13) is provided on the outer surface of the protective outer layer (5). A fixing frame (14) is placed on the surface of the support base (13).

7. A high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with carbon fiber winding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support base (13) and the fixing frame (14) are provided with threaded holes at corresponding positions, and fixing bolts (15) are threaded into the threaded holes.

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