A biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

This utility model discloses a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler, belonging to the field of boiler technology. It includes a boiler body, with a feeding device positioned above the boiler body. Inside the feeding device is a crushing component for breaking down biomass fuel. A conveying shell is installed at the bottom of the feeding device, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the conveying shell. Through the crushing component within the feeding device, utilizing the inclined extrusion structure formed by the cooperation of a movable plate and a fixed plate, biomass fuel can be efficiently crushed, rapidly pulverizing large pieces of raw material into uniform small particles. This solves the problem of incomplete combustion caused by uneven fuel particle size in traditional boilers. A fan generates airflow, creating negative pressure between the conveying shell and the feeding device, preventing dust particles generated during the crushing process from scattering outwards. It also allows these particles, containing some fuel, to be fed into the boiler body for combustion, improving fuel utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of boiler technology, specifically relating to a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass energy, as a renewable, low-carbon, and clean energy source, plays an important role in the energy structure transformation process. Biomass circulating fluidized bed boilers, with their advantages of strong fuel adaptability, high combustion efficiency, and low pollution emissions, have become the core equipment for the large-scale utilization of biomass.

[0003] In order to improve the combustion efficiency of fuel, the fuel usually needs to be crushed into pellets before use when using a boiler. However, traditional biomass boilers generally use simple cutting to pre-treat the fuel. This process generates a large amount of fuel particle dust, which not only pollutes the environment but also wastes raw materials. In addition, traditional boilers only supply oxygen through bottom air supply, which makes it difficult to fully mix the bed material and fuel, thereby reducing combustion efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, in order to address the aforementioned technical problems, it is necessary to provide a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler that can easily crush fuel, prevent dust particles from scattering, continuously supply air to the boiler, and improve combustion efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by a specific embodiment of this utility model is as follows: A biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a boiler body, a feeding device is provided above the boiler body, a crushing component for crushing biomass fuel is provided inside the feeding device, a conveying shell is installed at the bottom of the feeding device, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the conveying shell, the other end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the boiler body, and a fan is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the top of the boiler body is provided with a feeding end, the bottom of the feeding device is provided with a discharging end, the top of the conveying shell is connected to the discharging end of the feeding device, the bottom of the conveying shell is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port at the bottom of the conveying shell is connected to the feeding end of the boiler body, and the top of the feeding device is fixedly connected with a feeding hopper.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the crushing component includes a fixed plate fixedly installed inside the feeding device, a movable plate hinged inside the feeding device, a drive box installed outside the feeding device, and the output end of the drive box passing through the feeding device and hinged to the movable plate.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, the side of the movable plate that is close to the fixed plate is set as an inclined surface, and a plurality of toothed plates are fixedly connected to both the fixed plate and the movable plate.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the conveying shell, and the top end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the guide plate.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a loop-shaped air guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting pipe, and a set of conveying pipes is fixedly connected to the loop-shaped air guide pipe, with the other end of each conveying pipe connected to the interior of the boiler body.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a first connecting frame and a second connecting frame are fixedly connected to the boiler body, the upper end face of the first connecting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the conveying shell, and the other end of the second connecting frame is fixedly connected to the fan.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of this utility model, a funnel outlet is installed at the bottom of the boiler body, two air supply shells are installed on the funnel outlet, and a valve plate is installed inside the funnel outlet.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model of a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler, through a crushing component installed in the feeding device and a sloped extrusion structure formed by the cooperation of movable and fixed plates, can efficiently crush biomass fuel, quickly pulverizing large raw materials into uniform small particles. This solves the problem of incomplete combustion caused by uneven fuel size in traditional boilers. The installed fan can generate airflow to create negative pressure in the conveying shell and the feeding device, thereby preventing dust particles generated during the crushing process from drifting outwards. It can also send these particles with some fuel into the boiler body for combustion, improving fuel utilization. Furthermore, it can promote complete combustion of fuel in the boiler body. This improves thermal conversion efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and enhances combustion efficiency and operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a feeding device in a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the conveying shell in a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of key figure labels: 1. Boiler body; 2. Feeding device; 3. Fixed plate; 4. Movable plate; 5. Drive box; 6. Toothed plate; 7. Feeding hopper; 8. Conveying shell; 9. Discharge port; 10. Connecting pipe; 11. Fan; 12. Air guide plate; 13. U-shaped air guide pipe; 14. First connecting frame; 15. Second connecting frame; 16. Air supply shell; 17. Funnel outlet; 18. Valve plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this utility model, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown, a biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a boiler body 1, a feeding device 2 disposed above the boiler body 1, and a crushing component for crushing biomass fuel disposed inside the feeding device 2. The crushing component includes a fixed plate 3 fixedly installed inside the feeding device 2, a movable plate 4 hinged inside the feeding device 2, and a drive box 5 installed outside the feeding device 2. The output end of the drive box 5 passes through the feeding device 2 and is hinged to the movable plate 4. The side of the movable plate 4 adjacent to the fixed plate 3 is set as an inclined surface, and several toothed plates 6 are fixedly connected to both the fixed plate 3 and the movable plate 4.

[0021] Specifically, the drive box 5 can drive the movable plate 4 to swing back and forth. Through the inclined structure of the movable plate 4 and the fixed plate 3 near the side, a compression space can be formed. With the densely distributed toothed plates 6 on the surface, a combination of shearing and compression forces can be applied to the fuel, so that large pieces of fuel are repeatedly crushed and cut, and finally broken into small particles with uniform particle size, thereby improving the subsequent combustion efficiency. The bottom of the feeding device 2 is equipped with a conveying shell 8, the top of the boiler body 1 is provided with a feeding end, the bottom of the feeding device 2 is provided with a discharging end, the top of the conveying shell 8 is connected to the discharging end of the feeding device 2, the bottom of the conveying shell 8 is provided with a discharge port 9, the discharge port 9 at the bottom of the conveying shell 8 is connected to the feeding end of the boiler body 1, and the top of the feeding device 2 is fixedly connected with a feeding hopper 7.

[0022] The feeding device 2 can receive biomass raw materials, such as straw and wood chips, through the top of the feeding hopper 7, and the bottom is connected to the conveying shell 8 to form a fuel conveying channel, which can send fuel into the boiler body 1 for combustion.

[0023] A connecting pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the conveying shell 8, and the other end of the connecting pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the boiler body 1. A fan 11 is installed on the connecting pipe 10. A guide plate 12 is fixedly connected to the conveying shell 8, and the top end of the connecting pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 12. A loop-shaped air guide duct 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting pipe 10, and a set of conveying pipes is fixedly connected to the loop-shaped air guide duct 13. The other end of each conveying pipe is connected to the interior of the boiler body 1.

[0024] The blower 11, used in conjunction with the connecting pipe 10, creates a negative pressure environment within the feeding device 2 and the conveying shell 8, preventing dust generated during crushing from scattering outwards. Furthermore, the generated airflow can deliver these fuel particles into the boiler body 1 for combustion, improving fuel utilization. The guide vane 12 optimizes airflow distribution and enhances performance. The bottom of the loop-shaped guide duct 13, connected to a conveying pipe, is evenly distributed at different locations within the boiler body 1, allowing fuel particles to disperse and enter the furnace.

[0025] It should be noted that the connecting pipe 10 is made of high-temperature resistant alloy material, and a heat dissipation section of sufficient length is provided between the fan 11 and the boiler body 1. The heat dissipation section is equipped with heat dissipation fins, which can significantly improve the heat dissipation speed, thereby ensuring that the high-temperature gas is cooled to below 300°C before reaching the fan 11, so as not to damage the fan 11.

[0026] A first connecting frame 14 and a second connecting frame 15 are fixedly connected to the boiler body 1. The upper end face of the first connecting frame 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom face of the conveying shell 8, and the other end of the second connecting frame 15 is fixedly connected to the blower 11. A funnel outlet 17 is installed at the bottom of the boiler body 1. Two air supply shells 16 are installed on the funnel outlet 17, and a valve plate 18 is installed inside the funnel outlet 17.

[0027] The first connecting frame 14 and the second connecting frame 15 can respectively reinforce the conveying shell 8 and the blower 11. The funnel outlet 17 can conveniently discharge ash and slag, and the valve plate 18 installed inside it can regulate the ash and slag discharge speed to maintain the stability of the fluidized bed. The air supply shell 16 can deliver air to the bottom of the furnace to further provide oxygen for combustion.

[0028] Working principle: During use, biomass fuel can be fed into the feeding device 2 through the top hopper 7. Then, the drive box 5 drives the movable plate 4 to swing relative to the fixed plate 3. The inclined structure of the two plates near the side, together with the toothed plate 6, forms a squeezing and shearing action on the fuel, efficiently crushing large pieces of fuel into uniform small particles. The crushed fuel falls into the discharge port 9 at the bottom of the conveying shell 8 under the action of gravity, and then enters the boiler body 1 for combustion. At the same time, the blower 11 and the connecting pipe 10 work together to create a negative pressure environment in the conveying shell 8 and the feeding device 2 to prevent the dust particles generated during the crushing process from overflowing. The continuous air supply can also increase the contact between fuel particles and oxygen, promoting their complete combustion. The ash produced by combustion falls into the bottom funnel outlet 17. The ash discharge speed can be controlled by the valve plate 18 to avoid accumulation and affect the use effect.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0030] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that, The utility model provides a biomass boiler, which comprises a boiler body, a feeding device arranged above the boiler body, a crushing component arranged in the feeding device for crushing biomass fuel, a conveying shell mounted at the bottom of the feeding device, a connecting pipeline fixedly communicated with the conveying shell, another end of the connecting pipeline fixedly communicated with the boiler body, and a fan mounted on the connecting pipeline.

2. A circulating fluidized bed boiler for biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that The top of the boiler body is provided with a feeding end, the bottom of the feeding device is provided with a discharging end, the top of the conveying shell is communicated with the discharging end of the feeding device, the bottom of the conveying shell is provided with a discharging port, the discharging port of the bottom of the conveying shell is communicated with the feeding end of the boiler body, and the top of the feeding device is fixedly connected with a feeding hopper.

3. A circulating fluidized bed boiler for biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that The crushing component comprises a fixed plate fixedly installed in the feeding device, an active plate hingedly connected in the feeding device, and a driving box installed outside the feeding device, wherein the output end of the driving box penetrates through the feeding device and is hingedly connected with the active plate.

4. A circulating fluidized bed boiler for biomass according to claim 3, characterized in that The side of the active plate close to the fixed plate is provided with an inclined surface, and a plurality of tooth plates are fixedly connected to the fixed plate and the active plate.

5. The biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein The conveying shell is fixedly connected with a wind deflector, and the top end of the connecting pipeline is fixedly communicated with the wind deflector.

6. A circulating fluidized bed boiler burning biomass according to claim 5, characterized in that The bottom of the connecting pipeline is fixedly communicated with a back-shaped air guide pipe, the back-shaped air guide pipe is fixedly communicated with a group of conveying pipelines, and the other end of each conveying pipeline is communicated with the inside of the boiler body.

7. A circulating fluidized bed boiler for biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that The boiler body is fixedly connected with a first connecting frame and a second connecting frame, respectively, the upper end surface of the first connecting frame is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the conveying shell, and the other end of the second connecting frame is fixedly connected with the fan.

8. A circulating fluidized bed boiler for biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom of the boiler body is mounted with a funnel outlet, the funnel outlet is mounted with two air supply shells, and the inside of the funnel outlet is mounted with a valve plate.

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