An air preheating system for carbon black

Abstract

This utility model discloses an air preheating system for carbon black, including an air preheater. The shell-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a high-temperature flue gas duct, and the shell-side gas outlet is connected to a low-temperature flue gas duct. The tube-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a low-temperature air duct, and the tube-side gas outlet is connected to a high-temperature air duct. The low-temperature flue gas duct is connected to a water spray tower and an activated carbon adsorption tower. The gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected to a waste heat boiler. The air preheater is equipped with a spiral guide plate and a heat exchange tube penetrating the spiral guide plate. The spiral guide plate has a first turbulence hole. The inner wall of the heat exchange tube is staggered with turbulence plates, and the turbulence plates have a second turbulence hole. The second turbulence hole has a spiral guide groove. This system can not only use flue gas to preheat air to achieve waste heat recovery, but also effectively treat the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange, realizing energy saving and emission reduction in the carbon black production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of carbon black technology, and specifically to an air preheating system for carbon black. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, air preheaters used in carbon black production generally employ a classic heat exchange structure design. In this design, carbon black flue gas flows through the tube side of the heat exchanger, while the air to be preheated flows through the shell side, with the two flowing in opposite directions. To enhance heat exchange between the air and the tube-side flue gas, multiple baffles are installed inside the shell side. Their core function is to force the air to flow in a forced backflow within the shell side, thereby significantly improving heat exchange efficiency. However, the above design still has the following problems: there is still room for improvement in energy recovery efficiency and efficiency per unit heat exchange area, and the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is not effectively treated. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an air preheating system for carbon black, which not only uses flue gas to preheat air to achieve waste heat recovery and utilization, but also effectively treats the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange, thereby realizing energy saving and emission reduction in the carbon black production process.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] An air preheating system for carbon black includes an air preheater. The shell-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a high-temperature flue gas duct, and the shell-side gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to a low-temperature flue gas duct. The tube-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a low-temperature air duct, and the tube-side gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to a high-temperature air duct. The low-temperature flue gas duct is sequentially connected to a water spray tower and an activated carbon adsorption tower via a fan. The gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected to a waste heat boiler.

[0006] The air preheater is equipped with a spiral guide plate and heat exchange tubes arranged in an array through the spiral guide plate; the spiral guide plate is provided with a plurality of first turbulence holes; the inner wall of the heat exchange tube is provided with a plurality of turbulence plates, and the turbulence plates are provided with a plurality of second turbulence holes, and the second turbulence holes are provided with spiral guide grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the heat exchange tube is further fitted with a plurality of heat dissipation components, the heat dissipation components including a heat dissipation cylinder fitted on the heat exchange tube, the heat dissipation cylinder having a plurality of heat dissipation fins circumferentially arranged.

[0008] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are provided with a plurality of third turbulence holes, and the third turbulence holes are provided with a plurality of turbulence fins.

[0009] Preferably, a cyclone separator is also provided between the low-temperature flue gas duct and the water spray tower, and the gas outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the gas inlet of the water spray tower.

[0010] Preferably, the gas outlet of the water spray tower is equipped with a wire mesh demister.

[0011] Preferably, the water spray tower is provided with multiple layers of liquid distribution plates, which are arranged at an angle.

[0012] Preferably, the lower part of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with a gas distribution mechanism, which includes a hollow gas distribution plate connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower. The hollow gas distribution plate is provided with multiple porous gas distribution plates from bottom to top, and the holes on adjacent porous gas distribution plates are staggered.

[0013] Preferably, the holes on the porous gas distribution plate are inclined and not parallel.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This invention provides an air preheating system for carbon black, comprising an air preheater. The shell-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a high-temperature flue gas duct, and the shell-side gas outlet is connected to a low-temperature flue gas duct. The tube-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a low-temperature air duct, and the tube-side gas outlet is connected to a high-temperature air duct. The low-temperature flue gas duct is connected in sequence to a water spray tower and an activated carbon adsorption tower via a fan. The gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected to a waste heat boiler. This device uses high-temperature flue gas to preheat air, realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat from carbon black production. Furthermore, the carbon black flue gas after heat exchange is effectively treated to avoid environmental pollution. The waste heat from the treated flue gas is recovered to the waste heat boiler, further improving the waste heat utilization rate.

[0016] The air preheater of this device is equipped with a spiral guide plate and heat exchange tubes arranged in an array that penetrate the spiral guide plate. The spiral guide plate has multiple first turbulence holes. Multiple turbulence vanes are staggered on the inner wall of the heat exchange tubes, and each vane has multiple second turbulence holes. The second turbulence holes contain spiral guide grooves. The combined arrangement of the turbulence vanes, spiral guide grooves, and second turbulence holes creates turbulence in the air within the heat exchange tubes, disrupting the boundary layer and improving the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and air. The spiral guide plate guides the shell-side flue gas into a spiral flow, extending its residence time. Combined with the first turbulence holes, this enhances the turbulence and compensates for the uneven velocity distribution inherent in traditional tubular preheaters.

[0017] The heat exchange tube of this device is further fitted with multiple heat dissipation components. Each heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation cylinder fitted onto the heat exchange tube, with multiple heat dissipation fins arranged circumferentially on the heat dissipation cylinder. The heat dissipation fins are provided with multiple third turbulence holes, and multiple turbulence fins are arranged within the third turbulence holes. This arrangement can further increase the heat exchange area and avoid localized heat accumulation.

[0018] The water spray tower of this device is equipped with multiple layers of liquid separators, which are inclined. The inclined liquid separators can increase the gas-liquid contact area and efficiently remove acidic gases and fine particulate matter from the flue gas; the wire mesh demister can intercept droplets and prevent particles from being entrained in the gas.

[0019] The activated carbon adsorption tower of this device is equipped with a gas distribution mechanism at its lower part. The gas distribution mechanism includes a hollow gas distribution plate connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower. Multiple porous gas distribution plates are arranged from bottom to top within the hollow gas distribution plate, with the holes on adjacent porous gas distribution plates staggered. The holes on the porous gas distribution plates are inclined and not parallel. This arrangement can extend the flue gas path and enhance the adsorption of pollutants in the flue gas by the activated carbon. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the heat exchange tubes and the spiral guide plate without heat dissipation components.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation component;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube structure;

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0028] In the diagram, 1. Air preheater; 2. High-temperature flue gas duct; 3. Low-temperature flue gas duct; 4. Low-temperature air duct; 5. High-temperature air duct; 6. Spiral guide plate; 7. Heat exchange tube; 8. First turbulence hole; 9. Turbulence plate; 10. Second turbulence hole; 11. Spiral guide groove; 12. Fan; 13. Water spray tower; 14. Activated carbon adsorption tower; 15. Cyclone separator; 16. Heat dissipation cylinder; 17. Heat dissipation fins; 18. Third turbulence hole; 19. Turbulence fins; 20. Wire mesh demister; 21. Liquid distribution plate; 22. Hollow air distribution plate; 23. Porous air distribution plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an air preheating system for carbon black includes an air preheater 1, wherein the shell-side gas inlet of the air preheater 1 is connected to a high-temperature flue gas duct 2, and the shell-side gas outlet of the air preheater 1 is connected to a low-temperature flue gas duct 3; the tube-side gas inlet of the air preheater 1 is connected to a low-temperature air duct 4, and the tube-side gas outlet of the air preheater 1 is connected to a high-temperature air duct 5.

[0032] like Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the air preheater 1 is equipped with a spiral guide plate 6 and heat exchange tubes 7 arranged in an array through the spiral guide plate 6. The spiral guide plate 6 is provided with a plurality of first turbulence holes 8. The inner wall of the heat exchange tube 7 is provided with a plurality of turbulence plates 9, and the turbulence plates 9 are provided with a plurality of second turbulence holes 10. The second turbulence holes 10 are provided with spiral guide grooves 11. The combined arrangement of the spiral guide plate 6 and the first turbulence holes 8 can extend the flue gas path and increase the turbulence. The staggered arrangement of the turbulence plates 9 in the heat exchange tube 7, combined with the combined arrangement of the second turbulence holes 10 and the spiral guide grooves 11, can break the laminar boundary layer and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the low-temperature flue gas duct 3 is connected in sequence to a water spray tower 13 and an activated carbon adsorption tower 14 via a fan 12; the gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower 14 is connected to a waste heat boiler (not shown in the figure); a cyclone separator 15 is also provided between the low-temperature flue gas duct 3 and the water spray tower 13, and the gas outlet of the cyclone separator 15 is connected to the gas inlet of the water spray tower 13.

[0034] In carbon black production, the high-temperature flue gas is preheated by the air preheater 1, thereby recovering and utilizing the waste heat. After heat exchange, the low-temperature flue gas passes through the cyclone separator 15 to remove carbon black particles mixed in with the gas before entering the water spray tower 13 for pretreatment. Finally, it enters the activated carbon adsorption tower 14 for further treatment. The treated flue gas can be recycled to the waste heat boiler, realizing the reuse of waste heat from the flue gas.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and 4 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a plurality of heat dissipation components are also sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube 7. The heat dissipation components include a heat dissipation cylinder 16 sleeved on the heat exchange tube 7, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 17 are provided circumferentially on the heat dissipation cylinder 16; a plurality of third turbulence holes 18 are provided on the heat dissipation fins 17, and a plurality of turbulence fins 19 are provided in the third turbulence holes 18. The setting of the heat dissipation components greatly increases the heat exchange area in the air preheater 1 and improves the waste heat recovery rate of carbon black flue gas.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a wire mesh demister 20 is provided at the gas outlet of the water spray tower 13.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, the water spray tower 13 is equipped with multiple layers of liquid distribution plates 21, which are inclined. The multiple inclined liquid distribution plates 21 can increase the liquid-gas contact area, thereby efficiently removing water-soluble gases and dust from the flue gas.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and 7 As shown in the diagram, in this embodiment, the lower part of the activated carbon adsorption tower 14 is provided with a gas distribution mechanism. This mechanism includes a hollow gas distribution plate 22 connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower 14. The hollow gas distribution plate 22 contains multiple porous gas distribution plates 23 arranged from bottom to top, with the holes on adjacent porous gas distribution plates 23 staggered. The holes on the porous gas distribution plates 23 are inclined and not parallel. This arrangement greatly improves the uniformity of the incoming gas, ensuring sufficient contact between the gas and the activated carbon packing, thus improving adsorption efficiency.

[0039] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An air preheating system for carbon black, characterized in that: The system includes an air preheater, wherein the shell-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a high-temperature flue gas duct, and the shell-side gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to a low-temperature flue gas duct; the tube-side gas inlet of the air preheater is connected to a low-temperature air duct, and the tube-side gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to a high-temperature air duct; the low-temperature flue gas duct is connected in sequence to a water spray tower and an activated carbon adsorption tower via a fan; and the gas outlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower is connected to a waste heat boiler. The air preheater is equipped with a spiral guide plate and heat exchange tubes arranged in an array through the spiral guide plate; the spiral guide plate is provided with a plurality of first turbulence holes; the inner wall of the heat exchange tube is provided with a plurality of turbulence plates, and the turbulence plates are provided with a plurality of second turbulence holes, and the second turbulence holes are provided with spiral guide grooves.

2. An air preheat system for carbon black as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The heat exchange tube is also fitted with a number of heat dissipation components. Each heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation cylinder fitted on the heat exchange tube, and the heat dissipation cylinder is provided with a number of heat dissipation fins in the circumferential direction.

3. An air preheat system for carbon black as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The heat dissipation fins are provided with a plurality of third turbulence holes, and a plurality of turbulence fins are provided inside the third turbulence holes.

4. An air preheat system for carbon black as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A cyclone separator is also provided between the low-temperature flue gas duct and the water spray tower, and the gas outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the gas inlet of the water spray tower.

5. An air preheat system for carbon black as claimed in claim 1 wherein: A wire mesh demister is installed at the gas outlet of the water spray tower.

6. An air preheat system for carbon black as defined in claim 1, wherein: The water spray tower is equipped with multiple layers of liquid distribution plates, which are arranged at an angle.

7. An air preheat system for carbon black as defined in claim 1, wherein: The lower part of the activated carbon adsorption tower is provided with a gas distribution mechanism, which includes a hollow gas distribution plate connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon adsorption tower. The hollow gas distribution plate has multiple porous gas distribution plates arranged from bottom to top, and the holes on adjacent porous gas distribution plates are staggered.

8. An air preheating system for carbon black according to claim 7, characterized in that: The holes on the porous gas distribution plate are inclined and not parallel.

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