A hole measuring instrument for inspecting type IIIa railway sleeper holes

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of railway sleeper inspection equipment, and discloses a hole measuring instrument for inspecting type IIIa sleeper holes. It includes a base, a mounting plate on the top of the base, mounting cylinders symmetrically arranged on the top of the mounting plate, a handle between the top of the mounting plate and the mounting cylinders, an inspection insertion part inside the mounting cylinders with its lower end penetrating the base, and a protective mechanism below the base on the outside of the inspection insertion part. This utility model addresses the problems of traditional hole inclination measuring instruments, such as cumbersome operation, high skill requirements, susceptibility to deviation, low efficiency, and lack of protection. It simplifies judgment by using an inverted U-shaped grooved handle for easy and stable gripping, accurately matching the inspection insertion part to the type IIIa sleeper hole, ensuring inspection stability and improving efficiency through the mounting cylinders and reinforcing ribs, and relying on the protective mechanism to protect the inspection insertion part. This achieves reduced operational requirements, improved inspection efficiency and reliability, extended equipment life, reduced costs, and reduced threats to railway safety from substandard sleepers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of railway sleeper testing equipment, specifically relating to a hole measuring instrument for inspecting the holes of type IIIa sleepers. Background Technology

[0002] In railway track construction, sleepers, as the core component directly supporting the rails, directly determine the safety of railway operation and the durability of the track structure. Among these, the quality of the sleeper holes in Type IIIa sleepers is a key indicator for judging their qualification—the sleeper holes must meet preset dimensional accuracy and perpendicularity requirements, and there must be no foreign objects blocking the holes. If the sleeper holes are misaligned, have diameter deviations, or are blocked, it will directly lead to insufficient accuracy in the subsequent sulfur anchoring installation of rail fasteners. This not only affects track assembly efficiency but may also cause rail displacement, reduced track smoothness, and other hidden dangers, thus threatening railway operation safety. Therefore, accurate inspection of sleeper holes is a crucial step in sleeper production and railway track construction.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly relies on traditional hole inclination measuring instruments for the inspection of Type IIIa sleeper holes. These instruments have significant technical shortcomings and application limitations: Firstly, the operation of traditional hole inclination measuring instruments is cumbersome, requiring operators to perform complex equipment debugging and parameter settings, demanding a high level of professional skill from the operators. This not only increases personnel training costs but also easily leads to deviations in inspection results due to improper operation. Secondly, their inspection efficiency is extremely low; completing the inspection of a single sleeper hole typically takes several minutes. In large-scale sleeper production scenarios, multiple sleeper holes in batches of sleepers need to be inspected one by one. The low efficiency of traditional equipment directly restricts the overall production progress and cannot meet the actual needs of sleeper manufacturers for efficient inspection and rapid delivery. Therefore, developing a dedicated inspection device for Type IIIa sleeper holes that is easy to operate and has high inspection efficiency has become an urgent need to solve the current industry pain points. Utility Model Content

[0004] Given that the current inspection of Type IIIa sleeper holes relies on traditional hole inclination measuring instruments, which have problems such as cumbersome operation procedures, high requirements for operators' professional skills, and easy deviation of inspection results due to improper operation, as well as extremely low inspection efficiency and inability to meet the needs of efficient inspection and rapid delivery for large-scale sleeper production, this utility model is proposed.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a hole measuring instrument for inspecting type IIIa sleeper holes, including a base, a mounting plate on the top of the base, mounting cylinders symmetrically arranged on the top of the mounting plate, a handle between the mounting cylinders on the top of the mounting plate, an inspection insertion part on the inner side of the mounting cylinder, and the lower end of the inspection insertion part penetrating the base, and a protective mechanism on the outer side of the inspection insertion part below the base.

[0006] Furthermore, the mounting plate is detachably connected to the base by bolts, the mounting cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the outer wall of the mounting cylinder is symmetrically provided with several reinforcing ribs.

[0007] Furthermore, the two ends of the base are bent downwards to form a bend, and the angle between the bend and the base is an obtuse angle. The handle has an inverted U-shaped structure, and grooves are symmetrically opened on both sides of the handle.

[0008] Furthermore, the protective mechanism includes a fixed sleeve, with a protective sleeve fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed sleeve. The protective sleeve and the fixed sleeve are fitted onto the outside of the inspection insertion part. A cavity is opened inside the fixed sleeve, and a drive ring is rotatably installed in the cavity. The inner side of the drive ring is connected to the inner wall of the cavity through a torsion spring. A second rail groove communicating with the cavity is opened on the outer side of the fixed sleeve. A push block is slidably installed in the second rail groove and is fixedly connected to the drive ring. Several first rail grooves are symmetrically opened on the top of the fixed sleeve and communicate with the cavity. Several limiting blocks connected to the base are symmetrically arranged on the top of the fixed sleeve, and the limiting blocks have an L-shaped structure. The lower end of the limiting block passes through the first rail groove and is fixedly connected to the drive ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the drive ring is provided with an installation groove, the torsion spring is disposed in the installation groove, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity and the inner wall of the installation groove. The bottom of the base is provided with an insertion groove symmetrically arranged on the outer circumference of the inspection insertion part. A guide groove communicating with the insertion groove is provided on one side of the insertion groove. A limiting groove communicating with the insertion groove and the guide groove is provided inside the base. The insertion groove is adapted to the horizontal part of the limiting block, and the guide groove is adapted to the vertical part of the limiting block.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the fixed sleeve is symmetrically provided with positioning blocks, and the positioning blocks are located between two adjacent rail grooves. The bottom of the base is provided with a positioning groove that matches the positioning blocks.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. Addressing the issues of cumbersome operation procedures, high skill requirements for operators, and susceptibility to deviations in inspection results due to improper operation of traditional hole inclination measuring instruments, this hole measuring instrument features an inverted U-shaped handle with symmetrical grooves on both sides, allowing workers to hold it more securely with one hand and quickly learn to operate it without complex adjustments. Simultaneously, it incorporates an inspection insertion part precisely matched to the standard dimensions of Type IIIa sleeper holes. Simply insert it into the sleeper hole, and the quality can be judged based on whether the insertion is smooth. This significantly reduces the skill requirements for operators, avoids inspection deviations caused by improper operation, ensures the accuracy of sleeper hole inspection results, and ultimately reduces the threat to railway operation safety posed by substandard sleepers entering subsequent stages.

[0013] 2. Addressing the issue of extremely low inspection efficiency of traditional hole inclination measuring instruments, which cannot meet the demands of efficient inspection and rapid delivery in large-scale sleeper production, this hole measuring instrument utilizes symmetrically arranged mounting cylinders on the top mounting plate of the base to stably assemble the inspection insertion part. Furthermore, the outer wall of the mounting cylinder is symmetrically equipped with several reinforcing ribs, enhancing the connection strength between the mounting cylinder and the mounting plate. This ensures the stability of the inspection insertion part during frequent insertion inspections, preventing structural loosening from affecting inspection efficiency. Simultaneously, the inspection insertion part can be quickly inserted into the sleeper hole to complete the inspection, with each sleeper hole inspection taking only a few seconds. Compared to the several minutes required by traditional equipment, this significantly improves inspection efficiency, meeting the needs of efficient inspection and rapid delivery in large-scale sleeper production and ensuring the progress of railway track construction.

[0014] 3. The protective mechanism effectively protects the inspection insertion part. Pushing the push block within rail groove two causes the drive ring to rotate and twist the torsion spring. Simultaneously, the drive ring moves the limiting block within rail groove one. After the protective sleeve and fixing sleeve are fitted onto the outside of the inspection insertion part, the limiting block can pass through the insertion groove and insert into the limiting groove. After releasing the push block, the torsion spring drives the connected drive ring to reset, causing the horizontal part of the limiting block to move within the limiting groove and the vertical part to move into the guide groove. Simultaneously, the positioning block inserts into the positioning groove to position the fixing sleeve. The combination of these two elements strengthens the connection and fixation between the protective mechanism and the base. Thus, the protective sleeve and fixing sleeve form a protective enclosure for the inspection insertion part, preventing damage from collisions and wear during storage, transportation, or use. This ensures the stability of the inspection insertion part's dimensional accuracy, thereby ensuring the reliability of the sleeper hole inspection results, extending the overall service life of the borehole measuring instrument, and reducing equipment maintenance and replacement costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the base of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the protective sleeve and the fixing sleeve of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the base, the limiting groove, and the guide groove of this utility model.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Handle; 4. Mounting cylinder; 5. Inspection insertion part; 6. Reinforcing rib; 7. Protective sleeve; 8. Fixing sleeve; 9. Drive ring; 10. Mounting groove; 11. Cavity; 12. Torsion spring; 13. Rail groove one; 14. Limiting block; 15. Push block; 16. Rail groove two; 17. Limiting groove; 18. Insertion groove; 19. Guide groove; 20. Positioning block; 21. Positioning groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-4 As shown, a hole measuring instrument for inspecting Type IIIa sleeper holes is provided, including a base 1, a mounting plate 2 on the top of the base 1, mounting cylinders 4 symmetrically arranged on the top of the mounting plate 2, a handle 3 between the top of the mounting plate 2 and the mounting cylinders 4, an inspection insertion part 5 on the inner side of the mounting cylinders 4, and the lower end of the inspection insertion part 5 penetrating the base 1, and a protective mechanism on the outer side of the inspection insertion part 5 below the base 1; wherein the inspection insertion part 5 is an injection-molded plastic part with a smooth and flawless surface, which can accurately match the standard size of Type IIIa sleeper holes, avoiding interference with the inspection results due to surface protrusions or depressions, ensuring that when inserted into the sleeper hole, it can accurately reflect the actual condition inside the hole, such as skewness or blockage by foreign objects. At the same time, the injection molding process makes the manufacturing cost of the inspection insertion part 5 low and the production efficiency high, which is conducive to large-scale mass production to meet industry needs.

[0022] Mounting plate 2 is detachably connected to base 1 by bolts, and mounting cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to mounting plate 2. Several reinforcing ribs 6 are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of mounting cylinder 4. The detachable connection design facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of mounting plate 2 and base 1, making them detachable for repair and replacement. The fixed connection between mounting cylinder 4 and mounting plate 2 ensures the stable assembly of inspection insertion part 5, while the reinforcing ribs 6 can greatly enhance the connection strength between mounting cylinder 4 and mounting plate 2, preventing deformation of mounting cylinder 4 due to force during frequent insertion inspection of inspection insertion part 5, and ensuring the stability of inspection operation and the accuracy of inspection results.

[0023] The base 1 has two ends bent downwards to form bends, and the angle between the bends and the base 1 is obtuse. The handle 3 has an inverted U-shaped structure, and grooves are symmetrically opened on both sides of the handle 3. The obtuse bends make the base 1 more stable when placed, and prevent the base 1 from shaking during the inspection process and affecting the operation. The inverted U-shaped handle 3 is ergonomic, and the symmetrical grooves on both sides can increase the friction between the hand and the handle 3, making it less likely for the worker to slip when holding it with one hand. Even if the hands are wet or wearing gloves, the grip can be held firmly. No complicated adjustments are required to quickly get started with the operation, which greatly reduces the professional skills required of the operator, reduces inspection deviations caused by improper operation, and improves the comfort of long-term inspection operations.

[0024] The protective mechanism includes a fixed sleeve 8, with a protective sleeve 7 fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed sleeve 8. The protective sleeve 7 and the fixed sleeve 8 are fitted onto the outside of the inspection insertion part 5. A cavity 11 is formed inside the fixed sleeve 8, and a drive ring 9 is rotatably installed inside the cavity 11. The inner side of the drive ring 9 is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 11 through a torsion spring 12. A second track groove 16 communicating with the cavity 11 is formed on the outer side of the fixed sleeve 8. A push block 15 is slidably installed in the second track groove 16 and is fixedly connected to the drive ring 9. Several first track grooves 13 are symmetrically formed on the top of the fixed sleeve 8, and the first track grooves 13 communicate with the cavity 11. Several second track grooves 13 are symmetrically formed on the top of the fixed sleeve 8 and are connected to the base 1. The limiting block 14 is L-shaped, with its lower end passing through the rail groove 13 and fixedly connected to the drive ring 9. The protective sleeve 7 and the fixed sleeve 8 can form a protective enclosure for the inspection insertion part 5, preventing it from being damaged by collision or wear during storage and transportation. The cooperation of the push block 15, the drive ring 9, the torsion spring 12 and the limiting block 14 makes the connection operation between the protective mechanism and the base 1 simple. Assembly or disassembly can be completed by simply pushing the push block 15 without additional tools, which improves the efficiency of the protective operation. At the same time, the L-shaped limiting block 14 can ensure that the protective mechanism is firmly connected to the base 1, preventing the protective mechanism from falling off during the inspection process and affecting the protective effect.

[0025] The inner wall of the drive ring 9 has an installation groove 10. The torsion spring 12 is disposed in the installation groove 10, and both ends of the torsion spring 12 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 11 and the inner wall of the installation groove 10, respectively. The bottom of the base 1 has symmetrically arranged insertion grooves 18 on the outer circumference of the inspection insertion part 5. A guide groove 19 communicating with the insertion groove 18 is provided on one side of the insertion groove 18. The inside of the base 1 has a limiting groove 17 communicating with the insertion groove 18 and the guide groove 19. The insertion groove 18 is adapted to the horizontal part of the limiting block 14, and the guide groove 19 is adapted to the vertical part of the limiting block 14. The groove 10 can limit and fix the torsion spring 12 to prevent it from shifting or falling off during rotation, thus ensuring the stability of its reset function. The insertion groove 18, guide groove 19 and limiting groove 17 are respectively adapted to each part of the limiting block 14, so that the limiting block 14 can be accurately inserted and positioned. With the reset force of the torsion spring 12, the protective mechanism and the base 1 can be quickly and firmly connected to prevent the protective mechanism from loosening, further ensuring the protective effect of the inspection insertion part 5, and preventing damage to its dimensional accuracy due to protection failure, which would affect the accuracy of the inspection results.

[0026] The top of the fixed sleeve 8 is symmetrically provided with positioning blocks 20, and the positioning blocks 20 are located between two adjacent rail grooves 13. The bottom of the base 1 is provided with a positioning groove 21 that matches the positioning blocks 20. The matching design of the positioning blocks 20 and the positioning groove 21 can quickly position the fixed sleeve 8 when installing the protective mechanism, avoid the fixed sleeve 8 being misaligned during installation, which would cause the limiting block 14 to be unable to be accurately inserted into the insertion groove 18, simplify the assembly operation steps, improve the installation efficiency of the protective mechanism, and at the same time, the positioning cooperation can further enhance the connection stability between the protective mechanism and the base 1, ensuring that the protective sleeve 7 and the fixed sleeve 8 always accurately wrap the inspection insertion part 5, and maximize the protective function.

[0027] During use, structural adaptation and basic positioning are crucial: the borehole measuring instrument is supported by base 1, with both ends of base 1 bent downwards to form obtuse-angle bends, allowing it to be placed stably on the sleeper surface, providing a stable benchmark for inspection operations; the top of base 1 is connected to mounting plate 2 via bolts, and mounting cylinders 4 symmetrically arranged on the top of mounting plate 2 are used to fix the inspection insertion part 5, and the reinforcing ribs 6 on the outer wall of mounting cylinder 4 enhance structural stability, ensuring that the inspection insertion part 5 always maintains an alignment with the axis of the sleeper hole, avoiding inspection deviations due to structural loosening; among them, the inspection insertion part 5 is an injection-molded plastic part with a smooth and flawless surface, and its diameter, length, and other dimensions strictly match the standard specifications of type IIIa sleeper holes, making it a core component for judging the quality of sleeper holes.

[0028] Handling and Insertion Inspection: The top of the mounting plate 2 is provided with an inverted U-shaped handle 3 between the mounting cylinder 4 and the top of the mounting plate 2. Grooves are symmetrically opened on both sides, allowing the worker to hold the handle 3 with one hand. The grooves increase the friction between the hand and the handle 3, preventing slippage. During operation, the worker aligns the inspection insertion part 5 with the opening of the IIIa type sleeper hole to be inspected. After keeping the hole measuring instrument stable, the worker slowly pushes the inspection insertion part 5 into the sleeper hole. If the inspection insertion part 5 can be inserted smoothly and without obstruction to the preset depth, it indicates that the sleeper hole has no obvious skewness, hole diameter deviation, or foreign object blockage, and the sleeper hole is deemed qualified. If significant resistance is encountered during insertion, or the insertion cannot be smooth, or the insertion depth does not reach the preset standard, it indicates that the sleeper hole may have defects such as skewness, insufficient hole diameter, or foreign object blockage, and the sleeper hole is deemed unqualified.

[0029] Operation and Reset of the Protective Mechanism: In the non-inspection state, the protective mechanism can protect the inspection insertion part 5. Its working process is as follows: Pushing the push block 15 in the outer rail groove 16 of the fixed sleeve 8, the push block 15 drives the drive ring 9 in the cavity 11 to rotate synchronously, the drive ring 9 twists the torsion spring 12 in the inner mounting groove 10, and at the same time, the drive ring 9 drives the L-shaped limiting block 14 that passes through the rail groove 13 to move; the protective sleeve 7 and the fixed sleeve 8 are placed on the outside of the inspection insertion part 5, so that the horizontal part of the limiting block 14 passes through the insertion groove 18 at the bottom of the base 1 and enters the limiting groove 1. 7. Simultaneously, the positioning block 20 at the top of the fixed sleeve 8 is inserted into the positioning groove 21 of the base 1 to complete the initial positioning; after releasing the push block 15, the torsion spring 12 releases torque to drive the drive ring 9 to reset, causing the horizontal part of the limit block 14 to move in the limit groove 17 and the vertical part to move into the guide groove 19, so as to achieve a stable connection between the protective mechanism and the base 1. The inspection insertion part 5 is wrapped by the protective sleeve 7 and the fixed sleeve 8 to prevent it from being damaged; when inspection is required, push the push block 15 again to make the limit block 14 disengage from the limit groove 17 and the guide groove 19, and the protective mechanism can be removed for subsequent operations.

Claims

1. A hole gauge for the inspection of the holes of type IIIa sleepers, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a mounting plate (2) on top, and mounting cylinders (4) are symmetrically provided on the top of the mounting plate (2). A handle (3) is provided between the top of the mounting plate (2) and the mounting cylinders (4). An inspection insertion part (5) is provided on the inner side of the mounting cylinder (4), and the lower end of the inspection insertion part (5) penetrates through the base (1). A protective mechanism is provided on the outer side of the inspection insertion part (5) below the base (1).

2. A hole gauge for inspecting a hole of a type IIIa sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate (2) is detachably connected to the base (1) by bolts, and the mounting cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (2). The outer wall of the mounting cylinder (4) is symmetrically provided with several reinforcing ribs (6).

3. A hole gauge for inspecting the hole of a type IIIa sleeper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (1) is bent downward at both ends to form a bend, and the angle between the bend and the base (1) is an obtuse angle. The handle (3) has an inverted U-shaped structure, and grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the handle (3).

4. A hole gauge for inspecting a hole of a type IIIa sleeper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective mechanism includes a fixed sleeve (8), with a protective sleeve (7) fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed sleeve (8). The protective sleeve (7) and the fixed sleeve (8) are fitted onto the outside of the inspection insertion part (5). A cavity (11) is provided inside the fixed sleeve (8), and a drive ring (9) is rotatably installed inside the cavity (11). The inner side of the drive ring (9) is connected to the inner wall of the cavity (11) through a torsion spring (12). A second track groove (1) communicating with the cavity (11) is provided on the outer side of the fixed sleeve (8). 6) A push block (15) is slidably installed in the second rail groove (16), and the push block (15) is fixedly connected to the drive ring (9). The top of the fixed sleeve (8) is symmetrically provided with several rail grooves (13), and the rail grooves (13) are connected to the cavity (11). The top of the fixed sleeve (8) is symmetrically provided with several limiting blocks (14) connected to the base (1), and the limiting blocks (14) are L-shaped structures. The lower end of the limiting block (14) passes through the first rail groove (13) and is fixedly connected to the drive ring (9).

5. A hole gauge for inspecting the hole of a type IIIa sleeper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the drive ring (9) is provided with an installation groove (10). The torsion spring (12) is set in the installation groove (10), and the two ends of the torsion spring (12) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (11) and the inner wall of the installation groove (10) respectively. The bottom of the base (1) is provided with an insertion groove (18) symmetrically arranged on the outer circumference of the inspection insertion part (5). A guide groove (19) communicating with the insertion groove (18) is provided on one side of the insertion groove (18). A limiting groove (17) communicating with the insertion groove (18) and the guide groove (19) is provided inside the base (1). The insertion groove (18) is adapted to the horizontal part of the limiting block (14), and the guide groove (19) is adapted to the vertical part of the limiting block (14).

6. A hole gauge for inspecting a hole of a type IIIa sleeper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the fixed sleeve (8) is symmetrically provided with positioning blocks (20), and the positioning blocks (20) are located between two adjacent rail grooves (13). The bottom of the base (1) is provided with a positioning groove (21) that is compatible with the positioning blocks (20).

Images