Intelligent System Simulation Test Device for Vertical Pressure Relief Wells in Tailings Dams

Abstract

This invention provides a simulation test device for an intelligent system of vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams. The simulation device uses a dam model set up inside a test chamber, with a pressure relief well system installed within the model. Under vibration loads or seismic action, the pore water pressure increases, causing pore water to flow into the pressure relief wells, raising the water level within them. When the water pressure in the wells exceeds a threshold, the device actively pumps water through the seepage pipes in layers to reduce groundwater pressure and prevent dam instability and accidents. Seepage pipes are driven into the tailings dam, with their lower ends below the phreatic line. Multiple external seepage holes are drilled into the seepage pipes, and a water pressure sensor is installed at the bottom. Multiple vertically spaced seepage nets are arranged inside the seepage pipes, with a water pump installed below each net and above the topmost net. A vibration motor, detection sensors, and a rainfall simulation system are installed in the test chamber to simulate various parameters of the dam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tailings dam safety technology, and in particular to a simulation test device for an intelligent system of vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings are waste generated during the mining process. They are a mixture containing non-recyclable metals and chemical impurities. Tailings ponds are used to store the discharged tailings.

[0003] The seepage line is the free water level formed within the dam body as water seeps downstream from the reservoir. The seepage line is a critical element for tailings dams, and its depth directly impacts dam stability. Therefore, the location of the seepage line must be considered when studying the seepage stability of the dam, as it is indispensable for dam stability analysis.

[0004] Guo Tingting, Zhao Zhouneng, et al. published "Analysis of the Disaster-Causing Mechanism and Prevention Strategies of Tailings Dam Accidents in my country" [J]. Chemical Minerals and Processing, 2022, 51(04): 31-34. The paper analyzes the disaster-causing mechanism of tailings dam accidents in my country, identifying seepage failure, flooding, dam instability, and earthquakes as the main influencing factors, with seepage failure and earthquakes having the greatest impact. Because groundwater lies below the phreatic line, under vibration or earthquake action, the groundwater below the phreatic line easily forms excess pore water pressure, making sandy dam bodies highly susceptible to liquefaction. If left uncontrolled, this can lead to dam instability and the risk of serious accidents.

[0005] When considering the hazards of seismic loads to tailings dams, it is necessary to study the dynamic response of tailings dams to vibration. There is an urgent need to use a simulation device to simulate the dynamic response characteristics of tailings dams and their dynamic load failure mechanism, so as to provide technical reference for the safety of actual tailings dams. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a simulation test device for an intelligent system of vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams. By setting up an intelligent pressure relief well system, when the pore water pressure rises under seismic loads, some high-pore water enters the pressure relief well, causing the water level inside the well to rise. When the water pressure in the pressure relief well exceeds a threshold, this invention actively pumps water through the seepage pipes in layers to reduce the pressure on the groundwater, preventing dam instability and accidents. The simulation device simulates the intelligent pressure relief system for pore water safety in tailings dams under seismic loads to study the seismic load action patterns of tailings dams and verify the feasibility of the technical solution.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a simulation test device for an intelligent system of vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams, comprising a base and an experimental box, wherein an inclination mechanism that can tilt the experimental box is connected between the base and the experimental box, a model of a tailings dam is set inside the experimental box, at least the front side of the experimental box is made of transparent material, a vibration motor is fixed at the bottom of the experimental box, and a detection sensor is embedded inside the tailings dam; the left side of the dam is a primary dam and a return water pool is located between the left side of the dam and the side wall of the box, and a water storage pool is located between the right side of the dam and the side wall of the experimental box; a camera is set in the upper left corner of the box. It also includes external seepage pipes driven into the tailings dam. The lower end of the external seepage pipe is below the phreatic line. Multiple seepage holes are opened on the external seepage pipe. A water pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the external seepage pipe. Multiple seepage nets are arranged vertically at intervals inside the external seepage pipe. A water pump is installed below each seepage net and above the uppermost seepage net. The water pumps are connected to the outside of the seepage pipe through a drainage pipe. The water pumps and water pressure sensors are connected in an electrical control box. Preferably, the bottom of the external seepage pipe reaches the bottom of the dam body.

[0008] Preferably, a drainage well is installed at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the drainage well is connected to a main drainage pipe placed outside the experimental box via a first branch pipe. A first shut-off valve is installed on the first branch pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the return water tank is provided with a drain outlet, which is connected to the main drain pipe via a second branch pipe, and a second shut-off valve is installed on the second branch pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a sprinkler system is installed above the reservoir dam.

[0011] Preferably, the tilting mechanism includes a support frame and a hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the support frame is fixed to the base, the top of the support frame is rotatably connected to the left side of the bottom of the experimental chamber, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the right side of the upper side of the base, and the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the right side of the bottom of the experimental chamber.

[0012] Preferably, at least one inner seepage pipe is coaxially inserted through the outer seepage pipe from the outside to the inside, and the inner seepage pipe has multiple inner seepage holes. The water pump is placed in the innermost inner seepage pipe, and the diameter of the outer seepage hole is larger than that of the inner seepage hole.

[0013] Preferably, the outside of the seepage pipe includes geotextile and mesh in sequence.

[0014] Preferably, a groove and rail structure is provided between two adjacent seepage pipes, allowing the inner seepage pipe to be slid into the outer seepage pipe during installation. The cooperation of the rail and groove also provides support for the inner and outer seepage pipes.

[0015] Preferably, the slide groove is composed of a stepped groove with a smaller outer diameter and a larger inner diameter, and the shape of the slide rail is adapted to the slide groove.

[0016] Preferably, the seepage pipe is composed of multiple vertical pipe sections, each pipe section is equipped with a lifting lug, and adjacent lifting lugs are connected by a pull rope. The uppermost lifting lug is fixed with a pull rope that extends outward from the seepage pipe.

[0017] Preferably, two adjacent tubes are connected together via a tube connector.

[0018] Preferably, both the external and internal seepage holes are located below the wetting line.

[0019] Preferably, an external seepage pipe is installed on each stage of the dam, and multiple external seepage pipes are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of each stage of the dam. This longitudinal direction is the direction perpendicular to the seepage line.

[0020] Preferably, the diameter of the multi-layer internal seepage holes decreases sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0021] Preferably, a water level sensor is installed inside the seepage pipe.

[0022] This invention involves embedding a test hole and then inserting the outer permeation pipe. This hole should be drilled to the base of the tailings dam.

[0023] The seepage pipe is wrapped in geotextile and mesh in sequence. The mesh is made of stainless steel and the geotextile is permeable geotextile.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. The external and internal infiltration pipes form a circumferential filter with multiple rings. The water flows from the large-diameter permeable holes of the external infiltration pipe to the small infiltration holes of the internal infiltration pipe. The large holes are not easy to clog, and when the water reaches the small holes, it is filtered by the filter screen and geotextile at the large holes, so it is not easy to clog. 2. Water level can be detected by water level sensors, and the surge in water level can also provide feedback on the response mechanism of tailings dam and pore water before, during and after an earthquake. At the same time, the change in pore water pressure can provide important information for judging the earthquake magnitude, and the sudden fluctuation and change in water level can trigger water pumps to extract water from pressure relief wells. 3. When an earthquake occurs, groundwater is prone to forming excess pore water pressure, which can cause sandy dams below the groundwater level to liquefy. Under the action of vibration, some groundwater enters the pressure relief well, causing the water level in the pressure relief well to rise. At this time, the groundwater is promptly pumped out by multi-stage pumps to reduce the pressure of the groundwater.

[0025] 4. Multiple vertically installed seepage nets within the seepage pipe allow groundwater at the net location to be rapidly pumped out by a water pump. The groundwater at the net location is then slowly replenished by the surrounding soil, reducing the water pressure within the pipe below the net and creating a negative pressure. This effectively lowers the groundwater level in the surrounding dam area. The purpose of setting up multiple layers of seepage nets is to make the seepage pipe a completely unobstructed conduit, allowing groundwater at the seepage pipe location to flow quickly into the seepage pipe and facilitate its discharge outside the dam. Under seismic loads, if the excess pore water pressure cannot be effectively and quickly reduced, it poses a risk of dam instability. Furthermore, in the absence of pumping, the multi-layered seepage net of this invention allows for water level detection via a water level sensor. When the pump rapidly pumps water, the water level inside the dam at each seepage net location decreases. This effective coordination between the pump and the seepage net allows for simultaneous depressurization of multiple layers of groundwater.

[0026] 5. The pipe body is composed of multiple vertical sections, and each section has at least two lugs (two adjacent pipes are sealed together by a pipe connector). These lugs are used to vertically connect the multiple pipe sections with steel wire ropes to prevent the upper pipe from breaking when it is lifted upwards, which would make it difficult to lift the lower section. The steel wire ropes can be used to lift it up.

[0027] 6. If water is pumped from only the pump in the lowest space, the groundwater around the lower space will quickly flow into that section of the pipe (due to the addition of a seepage net, the water level above the seepage pipe drops more slowly, creating a cavity in the lower pumping section). Once the groundwater from the surrounding area flows into the pipe, the water in the upper soil layer will change its seepage direction, seeping downwards into the soil layer corresponding to the pumping pipe, and then into the well, thus altering the seepage field. The downward seepage force makes the soil or dam more stable. (This function is generally used during normal times to lower the phreatic line; during an earthquake, all pumps are fully operational).

[0028] 7. By designing earthquake and rainfall simulation devices, we were able to simulate and verify the structural performance of our novel vertical pressure relief well safety intelligent system, thus creating conditions for the practical application of this intelligent system. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external seepage pipe of this utility model installed on the tailings dam body; Figure 2This is a front view schematic diagram of the connection structure between the external seepage pipe and the internal seepage pipe of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a top sectional view of the connection between the internal and external seepage pipes of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the two sections of the drainage pipe of this utility model connected together by a pipe connector; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the installation of a permeable geotextile layer on the upper part of the perforated stainless steel plate of this utility model. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of groundwater seeping into each vertical seepage pipe of this utility model (the seepage pipe is divided into multiple layers by a seepage network, and multiple water pumps are pumping water at the same time). Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the external seepage pipe arrangement of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a side view of the experimental box of this utility model with an adjustment plate added. Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the dam model set up inside the experimental chamber; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of arranging sensors inside the dam of an experimental chamber; Figure 11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure with an added vibration table.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. External seepage pipe; 2. External seepage hole; 3. Water pressure sensor; 4. Seepage net; 5. Water pump; 6. Drainage pipe; 7. Internal seepage pipe; 8. Internal seepage hole; 9. Geotextile; 10. Mesh net; 11. Slide chute; 12. Slide rail; 13. Lifting lug; 14. Pull rope; 15. Pipe body; 16. Pipe connector; 17. Immersion line; 18. Electrical control box; 19. Stainless steel plate; 20. Base; 21. Experimental chamber; 22. Tailings dam; 23. Vibration motor; 24. Detection sensor. 4. Return water tank 25, water storage tank 26, camera 27, drainage well 28, first branch pipe 29, main drainage pipe 30, first shut-off valve 31, drain outlet 32, second branch pipe 33, second shut-off valve 34, support frame 35, hydraulic cylinder 36, camera frame 37, mounting frame 38, sprinkler head 39, adjusting plate 40, rotating shaft 41, rotating seat 42, slider 43, connecting rod 44, screw 45, knob 46, vibration table 47 Specific Implementation

[0032] The following will refer to the appendix in the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 1-8The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] This utility model relates to a simulation test device for an intelligent system of vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams. It includes a base 20 to support the entire simulation device. An experimental chamber 21 is mounted above the base 20 to simulate the intelligent safety system of the pressure relief well. A support frame 35 is connected between the bottom left side of the experimental chamber 21 and the base 20. The lower end of the support frame 35 is fixed to the base 20, and the upper end of the support frame 35 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the experimental chamber 21. A hydraulic cylinder 36 is rotatably connected to the bottom right end of the experimental chamber 21, and the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is rotatably connected to the base 20. This hydraulic cylinder 36 can be replaced by an electric push rod. The experimental chamber 21 is made of transparent material, such as tempered glass, at least on its front side. Using a transparent material facilitates observation of the entire simulation experiment.

[0034] A tilting mechanism is set at the bottom of the experimental chamber 21. When the experimental chamber 21 needs to be tilted, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is opened, so that the hydraulic cylinder 36 is raised or lowered to simulate the state of the tailings dam under different tilted terrain.

[0035] This invention first establishes a tailings dam model within an experimental chamber 21. A base layer, made from mountain surface material, is laid at the bottom of the chamber 21 and compacted to the required density. The tailings dam model 22 is then constructed on this base layer. The tailings dam model utilizes real-world, equal-density slag material for the initial dam, following the geometric similarity principle of actual dams. The primary dam is constructed according to relevant standards. Crack displacement sensors are installed inside the dam. A return water pool 24 is located between the left side of the primary dam and the side wall of the experimental chamber 21, and a water storage pool 26 is located between the right side of the dam and the side wall of the experimental chamber 21.

[0036] Multiple holes are drilled in the initial dam and various sub-dams of the tailings dam, which can reach the bottom of the tailings dam. Then, an external seepage pipe 1 is inserted into the hole, and an internal seepage pipe 7 is inserted inside the external seepage pipe 1. Both the external seepage pipe 1 and the internal seepage pipe 7 are composed of multiple pipe sections 15. Every two pipe sections 15 are connected together by a pipe connector 16. In order to ensure the stability of the external seepage pipe 1 and the internal seepage pipe 7, a stepped chute 11 with a smaller outer diameter and a larger inner diameter is set in the external seepage pipe 1, and a stepped slide rail 12 is set on the outside of the internal seepage pipe 7. The slide rail 12 and the chute 11 cooperate with each other, so that the chute 11 and the slide rail of the external seepage pipe 1 and the internal seepage pipe 7 are interlocked together, ensuring the stability of both.

[0037] Multiple layers of permeable mesh 4 are vertically spaced between the external and internal permeable pipes 7, and within the internal permeable pipe 7. The external permeable pipe has external permeable holes 2, and the internal permeable pipe 7 has internal permeable holes 8. The permeable mesh 4 consists of a perforated stainless steel plate 19 and a permeable geotextile 9 covering the stainless steel plate. The permeable geotextile 9 is placed on top of the perforated stainless steel plate, enabling the permeable mesh 4 to function as a permeable surface. Both the external and internal permeable pipes 1 and 7 are sequentially wrapped with 9 layers of geotextile and 10 layers of mesh. The mesh 10 not only serves a filtering function but also provides support and protection for the 9 layers of geotextile. The permeable holes of the permeable pipes are located below the phreatic line 17 to allow groundwater to infiltrate. The permeable mesh 4 is also located below the phreatic line 17. When only the external permeable pipe 1 is present, the permeable mesh 4 is detachably fixed inside the external permeable pipe 1 with screws. Through holes are provided in the permeable mesh 4 for drainage pipes and electrical lines to pass through. In another embodiment, when an internal seepage pipe 7 is installed inside the external seepage pipe 1, each layer of the external seepage net 4 has two parts: one part is a disc-shaped part installed inside the internal seepage pipe 7, and the other part is a ring-shaped part installed between the internal seepage pipe 7 and the external seepage pipe 1. Both parts have through holes and are detachably fixed by screws. The internal disc-shaped through holes are used for drainage pipes and lines to pass through, and the external ring-shaped through holes are used for pull ropes 14 to pass through. Water seeps into the seepage pipe sequentially from the mesh 10, geotextile 9, and seepage holes.

[0038] Water pumps 5 are installed in the space below the infiltration net 4 and above the uppermost infiltration net 4. The water pumps 5 are installed inside the innermost infiltration pipe 7, and pump water through the drain pipe to the outside of the infiltration pipe. A water pressure sensor 3 is installed below the lowermost infiltration net 4. When an earthquake occurs, the ground shaking can easily create excess pore water pressure in the groundwater, causing some of the sand and gravel in the groundwater to liquefy. During the shaking, some groundwater will enter the pressure relief well, causing the water level in the pressure relief well to rise. This rise in water level is detected by the water level sensor. Therefore, our multi-stage water pumps 5 are used to promptly pump out the groundwater and reduce its pressure. The reason for using a multi-stage seepage network 4 and multi-stage pumps 5 is that if it were a permeable seepage pipe with pumps 5 installed at the bottom, due to water flow, even if the lower pumps 5 start pumping, the water level at the top of the seepage pipe would drop first, while the bottom would still be full of water. The water pressure at the bottom might decrease because the upper water level drops, creating air. This allows groundwater in the upper part to seep into the seepage pipe more easily, while the lower water level seeps in more slowly, resulting in insufficient pressure reduction in the lower groundwater layer. The aforementioned multi-stage pumps 5 and one or more water pressure sensors 3 are installed in an electrical control box 18 fixed to the base 20. A wireless transmitter can also be installed inside the electrical control box to transmit the relevant parameters of the pumps 5 and water pressure sensors 3 to a remote control center.

[0039] When an earthquake occurs, due to groundwater sloshing and other factors, some groundwater continuously flows into the seepage pipe, causing the water level in the seepage pipe to rise. Water pressure sensor 3 detects this increase in water pressure. When the water level rises to a preset threshold, the controller in the electrical control box activates the multi-stage pumping pump 5 to start pumping water until the water pressure drops to a reasonable range. During the pumping process, because of the multi-stage seepage network 4, when a certain pump 5 pumps water, the water level in that section drops rapidly, such as... Figure 6 The diagram shows the inflow of water into the pipe body 15 of each layer. If the water seepage below the seepage net 4 cannot replenish in time, a gap will form between the water level in that section and the seepage net 4 above it, significantly reducing the pressure. This causes surrounding groundwater to rapidly flow in to fill the gap. This results in the multi-stage pump 5 simultaneously depressurizing multiple groundwater layers, greatly reducing the risk of dam failure due to earthquakes. In non-earthquake situations, because the seepage net 4 has a seepage function, the entire seepage pipe below the phreatic line 17 is filled with water and can be used as a normal piezometer to monitor the height of the phreatic line 17.

[0040] In the absence of an earthquake, if the phreatic line 17 continues to rise and needs to be lowered, only the lowest pump 5 needs to be activated. This depressurizes the lower part of the dam, allowing groundwater in the lower dam body to be quickly discharged through the seepage pipes. After the lowest groundwater is discharged, the upper groundwater will seep downwards. During this downward seepage, the downward force of the seepage helps stabilize the soil or dam body, minimizing the risk of liquefaction. Once the phreatic line 17 has been lowered to a suitable position, pump 5 can be stopped.

[0041] In this utility model, the seepage pipe is composed of multiple pipe sections 15. Because the seepage pipe is relatively long, it is prone to breakage or falling during maintenance or replacement. Therefore, two symmetrical lifting lugs 13 are provided on each section of the pipe 15. A pull rope 14 is connected between two adjacent lifting lugs 13. The uppermost lifting lug 13 is connected to a pull rope 14 with its free end placed outside the seepage pipe. If the seepage pipe breaks when pulled upwards, it can be easily removed because of the pull rope.

[0042] The above embodiment provides an example of an external seepage pipe 1 and an internal seepage pipe 7. Of course, there can be multiple internal seepage pipes 7, such as a first internal seepage pipe 7 installed inside the external seepage pipe 1, and a second internal seepage pipe 7 installed inside the first internal seepage pipe 7. Its structural function is consistent with the interaction between the external and internal seepage pipes 1 described above.

[0043] Seismic loads can be simulated using a vibration motor 23. A camera 27 is installed above the experimental chamber 21 to record the simulation in real time. The camera 27 can be mounted on a camera mount 37 placed on the ground next to the base 20. The camera can be installed on both sides of the experimental chamber 21. Preferably, another camera 27 can be installed on the outside of the transparent side wall at the front of the experimental chamber 21 to simultaneously observe changes inside the dam during the earthquake. Preferably, to enhance the realism of the seismic wave simulation, a vibration table can be added. This vibration table is a seismic simulation vibration table, with the base 20 fixed to the vibration table 47, and used to simulate different seismic waves to conduct a seismic simulation experiment on the dam inside the experimental chamber. Figure 11 As shown.

[0044] We embed multiple detection sensors 24 within the dam body. These sensors 24 can be one or more of the following: pore water pressure sensors, acceleration sensors, earth pressure sensors, and humidity sensors. Different sensors can be selected based on the detection requirements. For example... Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of arranging sensors inside the dam of an experimental chamber.

[0045] In addition to earthquake simulation, this invention also includes rainfall simulation. By adjusting the rainfall simulation system, the entire process of seepage failure of the tailings dam 22 physical model under natural rainfall conditions is dynamically simulated. At the same time, relevant data are collected and statistical analysis and research are conducted to explore the mechanism of rainfall-induced seepage failure of tailings dam 22, as well as the safety mechanism of the vertical pressure relief well safety intelligent system in this invention.

[0046] The simulated rainfall system of this utility model includes a mounting frame 38 fixed above the experimental box 21, and multiple spray heads 39 are provided on the mounting frame 38. The spray heads 39 are connected to a water supply device.

[0047] As an embodiment, this utility model provides adjustment plates 40 at intervals along the longitudinal front-back direction and the front and rear side walls of the experimental box 21. The bottom of the adjustment plates 40 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the experimental box 21 (this rotatable connection mechanism consists of a rotating shaft 41 fixed along the length of the bottom of the adjustment plate 40, with both ends of the rotating shaft 41 rotatably connected to a rotating seat 42, which is fixed to the bottom of the experimental box 21, and sealing gaskets that contact the rotating shaft are installed on both sides of the upper end of the rotating seat). A slider 43 is vertically slidably connected to the outer side wall of the adjustment plate 40. A connecting rod 44 is rotatably connected to the outer end of the slider 43. The free end of the connecting rod 44 can swing up and down relative to the slider 43. A screw 45 is rotatably connected to the free end of the connecting rod 44. The screw 45 can rotate along its axis. Threaded holes that mate with the screw 45 are respectively opened on the front and rear side walls of the experimental box 21. The screw 45 is threaded into the threaded holes and one end extends out of the experimental box 21 and is connected to a knob 46. At this point, the tailings dam 22 model is positioned between two adjusting plates 40. The adjusting plates 40 can be adjusted in angle to simulate the slopes of the mountains on both sides of the tailings dam. When the angle needs to be adjusted, the screw 45 is rotated by the knob 46. The screw 45 drives the slider to slide along the adjusting plate 40, causing the adjusting plate 40 to rotate along its lower rotating connection point, thereby tilting the adjusting plate 40 at a certain angle to simulate the sloping mountains on both sides of the tailings dam 22.

[0048] This utility model's simulation experimental device includes a drainage well 28 installed at the bottom of a water storage tank 26, which can be used to adjust the liquid level in the water storage tank 26. A drain outlet 32 ​​is provided at the bottom of a return water tank 24, which is used to adjust the height of the return water tank 24. A main drainage pipe 30 is installed at the bottom of the experimental chamber 21. The drainage well 28 is connected to the main drainage pipe 30 via a first branch pipe 29, on which a first shut-off valve 31 is installed. The drain outlet 32 ​​is connected to the main drainage pipe 30 via a second branch pipe 33, on which a second shut-off valve 34 is installed. By opening the first shut-off valve 31 and the second shut-off valve 34, water in the water storage tank 26 and the return water tank 24 can be drained. A water receiving bucket 47 can be placed below the outlet of the main drainage pipe 30.

[0049] In the process of using this invention, a certain amount of water is added to the reservoir 26 until the tailings dam 22 model is saturated. After water overflows from the return water tank 24 and a basically stable state is reached, the earthquake simulation experiment begins. During the earthquake simulation experiment, the vibration motor 23 is turned on, causing the experimental chamber 21 to vibrate. During the vibration process, various sensors and cameras record relevant data information. Observation can also be performed through the transparent side wall at the front of the experimental chamber 21. All sensors and cameras can be connected to the electrical control box, which transmits the collected data to the computer host.

[0050] The rainfall simulation system simulates rainfall by simply turning on the water supply device of the sprinkler head.

Claims

1. A simulation test device for a vertical pressure relief well intelligent system of a tailings dam, comprising a base (20) and an experimental box (21), wherein an inclination mechanism is connected between the base (20) and the experimental box (21) to tilt the experimental box (21), wherein a model of a tailings dam (22) is provided inside the experimental box (21), wherein at least the front side of the experimental box (21) is made of transparent material, wherein a vibration motor (23) is fixed at the bottom of the experimental box (21), wherein a detection sensor (24) is embedded inside the tailings dam (22); wherein the left side of the dam is a primary dam and a return water pool (25) is located between the left side of the dam and the side wall of the box, wherein a water storage pool (26) is located between the right side of the dam and the side wall of the experimental box (21), and a camera (27) is provided at the upper left corner of the box. It also includes an external seepage pipe (1) driven into the tailings dam (22), the lower end of which is placed below the wetting line (17), characterized in that, The external seepage pipe (1) has multiple external seepage holes (2), a water pressure sensor (3) is installed at the bottom of the external seepage pipe (1), and multiple seepage nets (4) are arranged vertically at intervals inside the external seepage pipe (1). A water pump (5) is installed below each seepage net (4) and above the uppermost seepage net (4). The water pump (5) is connected to the outside of the seepage pipe through a drain pipe (6). The water pump (5) and the pressure reducing sensor are connected in the electrical control box (18). The water storage tank (26) has a drainage well (28) installed at the bottom. The drainage well (28) is connected to the main drainage pipe (30) located outside the experimental box (21) through the first branch pipe (29). The first branch pipe (29) is equipped with a first shut-off valve (31). The return water tank (25) has a drain outlet (32) at the bottom. The drain outlet (32) is connected to the main drainage pipe (30) through the second branch pipe (33). The second branch pipe (33) is equipped with a second shut-off valve (34). The tilting mechanism includes a support frame (35) and a hydraulic cylinder (36). The bottom of the support frame (35) is fixed on the base (20), and the top of the support frame (35) is rotatably connected to the left side of the bottom of the experimental box (21). The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (36) is rotatably connected to the right side of the upper side of the base (20), and the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder (36) is rotatably connected to the right side of the bottom of the experimental box (21).

2. The intelligent system simulation test device for vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sprinkler system is installed above the reservoir dam.

3. The intelligent system simulation test device for vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external seepage pipe (1) has at least one internal seepage pipe (7) coaxially inserted from the outside to the inside. The internal seepage pipe (7) has multiple internal seepage holes (8). The water pump (5) is placed inside the innermost internal seepage pipe (7). The diameter of the external seepage hole (2) is larger than that of the internal seepage hole (8).

4. A simulation test device for an intelligent system of vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The permeation pipe is surrounded by geotextile (9) and mesh (10) in sequence.

5. The intelligent system simulation test device for vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, A groove (11) and a rail (12) structure are provided between two adjacent seepage pipes, so that during installation, the inner seepage pipe can be slid into the outer seepage pipe through the rail (12) and groove (11) structure.

6. The intelligent system simulation test device for vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seepage pipe is composed of vertical multi-section pipe (15), each section of pipe (15) is equipped with a lifting lug (13), and two adjacent lifting lugs (13) are connected by a pull rope (14). A pull rope (14) extending outward from the uppermost lifting lug (13) is fixed on it.

7. The intelligent system simulation test device for vertical pressure relief wells in tailings dams according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two adjacent tubes (15) are connected together via a tube connector (16).

8. A simulation test device for a vertical pressure relief well intelligent system of a tailings dam according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, Each dam body is equipped with an external seepage pipe (1), and multiple external seepage pipes (1) are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of each dam body.

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