A testing device for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice

Abstract

This utility model discloses a testing device for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice, comprising: an operating platform; an actuator mounted on the operating platform for testing the ice sample in the Z-axis direction; an ice-placement platform below the actuator for placing the ice sample; a data processing terminal communicatively connected to the actuator; and a displacement mechanism below the ice-placement platform for moving the ice sample in the X and Y-axis directions. This utility model achieves movement of the ice sample in the X and Y-axis directions through the displacement mechanism, combined with the testing action of the actuator in the Z-axis direction, enabling multi-point testing at different locations on the ice sample, comprehensively reflecting the distribution of the ice sample's mechanical properties, and enhancing the comprehensiveness of the test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the testing of ice mechanical properties, and more specifically, to a testing device for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice. Background Technology

[0002] Aircraft are highly susceptible to icing when flying in low-temperature and humid environments. This phenomenon can have many adverse effects on flight, not only causing various functions of the aircraft to malfunction, but also posing a serious threat to flight safety.

[0003] Since surface icing and anti-icing / de-icing design are closely related to the fracture behavior of surface ice layers, research on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of ice layers at the substrate interface can provide basic theoretical data for anti-icing and de-icing work on the fuselage surface, and also provide the necessary mechanical parameters for research on new de-icing methods and numerical simulations.

[0004] Existing ice sample testing devices typically employ single-degree-of-freedom or two-degree-of-freedom apparatuses. For example, patent number CN202223452417.0 discloses an ice mechanical property testing device based on indentation technology. During testing, this device can only perform indentation mechanical experiments on the ice sample in the vertical direction, failing to provide a comprehensive understanding of the overall mechanical properties of the ice sample. Similarly, patent number CN202421992464.0 discloses an ice mechanical property testing device with two-degree-of-freedom indentation technology. This device uses both the vertical direction and a single y-axis direction for testing. Although this increases the degree of freedom in the y-axis direction, it still cannot capture the changes in mechanical properties at different locations on the ice sample. Utility Model Content

[0005] One object of this invention is to solve at least the aforementioned problems and / or defects, and to provide at least the advantages described below.

[0006] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a testing device for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice is provided, comprising: an operating platform; an actuator disposed on the operating platform for testing ice samples in the Z-axis direction; an ice-placing platform disposed below the actuator for placing ice samples; a data processing terminal communicatively connected to the actuator; and further comprising: a displacement mechanism disposed below the ice-placing platform for moving ice samples in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0007] Preferably, the displacement mechanism includes: a stepper motor guide rail slide module I disposed on the operating platform, and a stepper motor guide rail slide module II disposed on the stepper motor guide rail slide module I and transmittedly connected to the moving block I of the stepper motor guide rail slide module I; The stepper motor guide rail slide module I and the stepper motor guide rail slide module II are perpendicular to each other in space, and the ice-placing platform is fixedly mounted on the moving block II of the stepper motor guide rail slide module II.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes: a limiting component disposed above the ice placing platform for fixing the ice sample, the limiting component including: a pair of fixing members disposed on the ice placing platform, a guide rod disposed on each fixing member, a limiting member slidably disposed on each guide rod and abutting against one side of the ice sample, and a buffer spring sleeved on the guide rod; The guide rod is parallel to the ice-placement platform, the buffer spring is located between the fixing member and the limiting member, and the surface of the limiting member that contacts the ice sample has an arc-shaped groove.

[0009] Preferably, the actuator includes: a lifting assembly mounted on the operating platform, a displacement detection component mounted on the lifting assembly, a pressure detection component mounted on the lifting assembly, the pressure detection component being configured as a linear actuator, and a pressure head mounted at the output end of the linear actuator.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes: an insulated chamber disposed on the operating platform and having the ice-placing platform located therein, and a refrigeration source disposed on the operating platform and connected to the interior of the insulated chamber via a pipeline; The top of the heat insulation chamber is provided with a through hole I for the pressure head to penetrate, and the bottom of the heat insulation chamber is provided with a through hole II for the ice-placing platform to penetrate. The cross-section of the ice-placing platform is T-shaped in space.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes: a heat insulation plate disposed between the ice-placement platform and the moving block II, and a temperature sensor disposed in the heat insulation chamber and detachably connected to the heat insulation chamber; The temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the data processing terminal.

[0012] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by using a displacement mechanism to move the ice sample in the X and Y axes, and combining this with the test action of the actuator in the Z axis, multiple tests can be performed on different positions of the ice sample, comprehensively reflecting the distribution of the mechanical properties of the ice sample and enhancing the comprehensiveness of the test.

[0013] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached image description: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the testing device; Figure 2 This is a front view of the testing apparatus; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the ice-placement platform and the limiting components; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the displacement mechanism; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the data processing terminal.

[0014] Reference numerals: 1. Operating platform; 2. Ice-placing platform; 3. Data processing terminal; 4. Displacement mechanism; 41. Stepper motor guide rail slide module I; 411. Moving block I; 42. Stepper motor guide rail slide module II; 421. Moving block II; 5. Lifting assembly; 6. Displacement detection component; 7. Linear actuator; 8. Pressure head; 9. Insulated chamber; 10. Through hole I; 11. Through hole II; 12. Insulation plate; 13. Temperature sensor; 14. Limiting mechanism; 141. Fixing component; 142. Guide rod; 143. Limiting component; 144. Buffer spring; 15. Laser displacement sensor; 16. Calibration plate; 17. Adjustment handwheel. Detailed implementation method: The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description. It should be understood that terms such as "having," "comprising," and "including" as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof. It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "on top" can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0015] like Figure 1 The apparatus shown is a test device for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice, comprising: an operating platform 1, an actuator mounted on the operating platform 1 for testing ice samples in the Z-axis direction, an ice-placing platform 2 mounted below the actuator for placing ice samples, a data processing terminal 3 connected in communication with the actuator, and a displacement mechanism 144 mounted below the ice-placing platform 2 for moving ice samples in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0016] Working principle: The ice sample to be tested is placed on the ice-placement platform 2. The actuator applies an indentation load to the surface of the ice sample in the Z-axis direction, and simultaneously collects force and displacement data during the indentation process in real time. When it is necessary to test other areas of the ice sample, the ice-placement platform 2 is moved in the X and Y-axis directions by the displacement mechanism 144 to adjust the position of the ice sample so that the area to be tested is aligned with the actuator. Then the actuator repeats the above operation to complete the testing operation on different areas of the ice sample. At the same time, the force and displacement data during the indentation process are collected in real time and transmitted to the data processing terminal 3. The data processing terminal 3 analyzes and processes the received force-displacement information to obtain the mechanical property parameters of the ice sample in a low-temperature environment, thus completing the test of the mechanical properties of the ice sample. This utility model realizes the movement of the ice sample in the X and Y-axis directions through the displacement mechanism 144. Combined with the test action of the actuator in the Z-axis direction, multi-point testing can be performed on different positions of the ice sample, comprehensively reflecting the distribution of the mechanical properties of the ice sample and enhancing the comprehensiveness of the test.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the displacement mechanism 144 includes: a stepper motor guide rail slide module I 41 disposed on the operating platform 1, and a stepper motor guide rail slide module II 42 disposed on the stepper motor guide rail slide module I 41 and connected to the moving block I of the stepper motor guide rail slide module I 41 in a transmission connection. In this design, the stepper motor guide slide module I 41 and the stepper motor guide slide module II 42 are spatially perpendicular to each other, and the ice-placing platform 2 is fixedly mounted on the moving block II 421 of the stepper motor guide slide module II 42. Using this technical solution, the stepper motors I and II of the stepper motor guide slide I and stepper motor guide slide II are controlled to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise via the data processing terminal 3. The rotation of stepper motors I and stepper motor II drives lead screws I and II to rotate in space, which in turn drives moving blocks I and moving blocks II 421 to move along lead screws I and II, causing the ice-placing platform 2 on moving block II 421 to move along the directions of lead screws I and II, thereby controlling the degrees of freedom of the ice-placing platform 2 in the X and Y axes. The connecting rod of the ice-placing platform 2 is threadedly connected to the moving block II 421.

[0018] The above technical solution also includes: a limiting component for fixing the ice sample, which is set above the ice-placing platform 2. The limiting component includes: a pair of fixing members 141 set on the ice-placing platform 2, a guide rod 142 set on each fixing member 141, a limiting member 143 slidably set on each guide rod 142 and abutting against one side of the ice sample, and a buffer spring 144 sleeved on the guide rod 142. In this design, the guide rod 142 is parallel to the ice-placement platform 2, and the buffer spring 144 is located between the fixing member 141 and the limiting member 143. The surface of the limiting member 143 that contacts the ice sample has an arc-shaped groove. Using this technical solution, the paired fixing members 141 provide the mounting base for the entire assembly, fixing it to the ice-placement platform 2; the guide rod 142, parallel to the ice-placement platform 2, provides a sliding track for the limiting member 143. When the ice sample is placed on the ice-placement platform 2, the limiting members 143 on both sides will move closer to the ice sample along the guide rod 142 under the elastic force of the buffer spring 144, until they abut against both sides of the ice sample. The buffer force of the spring forms a stable clamp on the ice sample, achieving fixation and ensuring that the center of the ice sample is located in the middle position of the ice-placement platform 2 at the start of the test. This also prevents the ice sample from shifting on the ice-placement platform 2 during testing or movement. Meanwhile, the limiting member 143 and the buffer spring 144, which are slidably set on the guide rod 142, cooperate to adapt to ice samples of different sizes. The arc-shaped groove on the contact surface of the limiting member 143 with the ice sample can better fit the contour of the ice sample and enhance the limiting stability.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the actuator includes: a lifting assembly 5 disposed on the operating platform 1, a displacement detection component 6 disposed on the lifting assembly 5, a pressure detection component disposed on the lifting assembly 5, the pressure detection component being configured as a linear actuator 7, and a pressure head 8 disposed at the output end of the linear actuator 7. In the above technical solution, the displacement detection component 6 is configured as a laser displacement sensor 15 mounted on the platform of the lifting assembly 5, and a calibration plate 16 mounted in the middle of the pressure head 8 and cooperating with the laser displacement sensor 15. The laser emitter of the laser displacement sensor 15 projects a laser beam onto the surface of the calibration plate 16 through a lens. The laser beam reflected by the calibration plate 16 passes through the receiver lens and is received by the internal imaging element. The projection position of the light spot at different distances on the imaging element is different. Based on the imaging position and optical projection relationship, the distance is obtained. As the pressure head 8 drives the calibration plate 16 to move continuously, the laser displacement sensor 15 continuously detects the relative position of the calibration plate 16 and communicates with the data processing terminal 3 to continuously acquire data. The laser displacement sensor 15 is not affected by other mechanisms during the acquisition process, nor is it affected by low temperature. It can perform continuous acquisition, and the acquired data... The data strictly adheres to the monotonicity principle, with a maximum accuracy down to the μm level, exhibiting excellent precision and strictly following a linear relationship. During the experiment, the lifting assembly 5 is first adjusted to maintain the distance between the pressure head 8 on the linear actuator 7 and the ice sample. Once the appropriate position is reached, the lifting assembly 5 is fixed, and the linear actuator 7 is activated. The linear actuator 7, through the data processing terminal 3, controls the current flowing through its coil to remain constant, thereby maintaining a constant force through Ampere's law, causing the pressure head 8 to move downwards at a constant speed. Upon contact with the ice sample, the linear actuator 7 adjusts the current flow based on the pressure at the pressure head 8, continuing to move the pressure head 8 at a constant speed. During this process, the linear actuator 7 collects pressure data based on changes in the current until a specified depth is reached. The data processing terminal 3 then controls the linear actuator 7 to begin moving upwards, completing the pressure unloading process. Compared with the passive force measurement using pressure sensors in existing devices, where pressure sensors measure the pressure of the pressure head 8 on the ice sample through deformation, the deformation of the pressure sensor leads to a certain error between the output force and the pressure measured by the pressure sensor. In this device, a linear actuator 7 is used to directly output the corresponding force, thus avoiding the measurement error caused by the deformation of the pressure sensor. The Z-axis degree of freedom of the lifting assembly 5 is configured using a lead screw structure. It also includes an adjusting handwheel 17 on the lifting assembly 5. By adjusting the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the handwheel 17, the lead screw is rotated, thereby causing the platform of the lifting assembly 5 to move up and down. The above technical solution also includes: a heat insulation chamber 9 set on the operating platform 1 and with the ice-placing platform 2 located inside it, and a refrigeration source set on the operating platform 1 and connected to the inside of the heat insulation chamber 9 through a pipeline; The insulated chamber 9 has a through hole I10 at its top for the pressure head 8 to penetrate, and a through hole II11 at its bottom for the ice-placement platform 2 to penetrate. The ice-placement platform 2 has a T-shaped cross-section. Using this technical solution, when performing ice mechanics testing on the ice sample (in existing solutions, a heat shield is usually placed on the surface of the ice-placement platform 2, and the internal temperature of the heat shield is lowered by the cold air from the ice sample itself, but the temperature of the ice-placement platform 2 is not the same as that of the ice sample, leading to heat transfer between the ice sample and the ice-placement platform 2, causing the ice sample to melt), the internal ambient temperature of the low-temperature chamber is first lowered through an external cooling source and pipeline (in this device, the cooling source is configured as liquid nitrogen), reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside. Then, the ice sample is placed in the ice-placement platform within the low-temperature chamber. On platform 2 (the ice-placing platform 2 is placed in the low-temperature chamber and pre-cooled to make its temperature match that of the ice sample, thus preventing heat transfer between the ice sample and the ice-placing platform 2 and causing the ice sample to melt), the ambient temperature inside the low-temperature chamber is maintained by an external cooling source to prevent the ice sample from melting and causing changes in its mechanical properties. Through hole I 10 allows the pressure head 8 to smoothly enter the interior of the insulated chamber 9 and test the ice sample on the ice-placing platform 2. The setting of through hole II 11 allows the T-shaped ice-placing platform 2 to move normally inside the low-temperature chamber.

[0020] The above technical solution also includes: a heat insulation plate 12 disposed between the ice-placing platform 2 and the moving block II 421, and a temperature sensor 13 disposed in the heat insulation chamber 9 and detachably connected to the heat insulation chamber 9. The temperature sensor 13 is communicatively connected to the data processing terminal 3. Using the above technical solution, the heat insulation plate 12 installed between the ice-placing platform 2 and the moving block II 421 effectively blocks heat transfer between them, preventing the ice sample from melting due to excessive temperature differences. The temperature sensor 13 monitors the temperature inside the low-temperature chamber in real time, with a monitoring range of -20 to -30°C. This lowers the ambient temperature inside the chamber and also reduces the temperature of the pressure head 8. Therefore, during testing, the ice sample will not melt due to excessively high internal ambient temperature or excessively high temperature of the pressure head 8 upon contact, thus preventing changes in the ice's mechanical properties.

[0021] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A testing device for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice, comprising: An operating platform, an actuator mounted on the operating platform for testing ice samples in the Z-axis direction, an ice-placement platform mounted below the actuator for placing ice samples, and a data processing terminal communicatively connected to the actuator, characterized in that it further includes: a displacement mechanism mounted below the ice-placement platform for moving ice samples in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

2. The testing apparatus for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement mechanism includes: a stepper motor guide rail slide module I mounted on the operating platform, and a stepper motor guide rail slide module II mounted on the stepper motor guide rail slide module I and connected to the moving block I of the stepper motor guide rail slide module I in a transmission manner. The stepper motor guide rail slide module I and the stepper motor guide rail slide module II are perpendicular to each other in space, and the ice-placing platform is fixedly mounted on the moving block II of the stepper motor guide rail slide module II.

3. The testing apparatus for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A limiting component for fixing ice samples is set above an ice-placing platform. The limiting component includes: a pair of fixing members set on the ice-placing platform, a guide rod set on each fixing member, a limiting member slidably set on each guide rod and abutting against one side of the ice sample, and a buffer spring sleeved on the guide rod. The guide rod is parallel to the ice-placement platform, the buffer spring is located between the fixing member and the limiting member, and the surface of the limiting member that contacts the ice sample has an arc-shaped groove.

4. The testing apparatus for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuator includes: a lifting assembly mounted on the operating platform, a displacement detection component mounted on the lifting assembly, a pressure detection component mounted on the lifting assembly, the pressure detection component being configured as a linear actuator, and a pressure head mounted at the output end of the linear actuator.

5. The testing apparatus for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A cooling source is set on the operating platform and the ice-placing platform is located in the insulated chamber inside it. The cooling source is set on the operating platform and connected to the inside of the insulated chamber through pipelines. The top of the heat insulation chamber is provided with a through hole I for the pressure head to penetrate, and the bottom of the heat insulation chamber is provided with a through hole II for the ice-placing platform to penetrate. The cross-section of the ice-placing platform is T-shaped in space.

6. The testing apparatus for the mechanical properties of low-temperature indentation ice according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A heat insulation plate is installed between the ice-setting platform and the moving block II; a temperature sensor is installed inside the heat insulation chamber and is detachably connected to the heat insulation chamber. The temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the data processing terminal.

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