A lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of composite metal cable technology, specifically disclosing a lightweight, compression-resistant, and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure, comprising a conductive core, an inner compression-resistant layer, a lightweight buffer layer, and an outer tensile-resistant layer arranged sequentially from the inside out; the inner compression-resistant layer is a metal corrugated tube wrapped around the conductive core; the lightweight buffer layer, a lightweight, high-strength, porous material layer, fills the space between the inner compression-resistant layer and the outer tensile-resistant layer. Through the synergistic effect of the metal corrugated tube structure of the inner compression-resistant layer, the porous material of the lightweight buffer layer, and the high-strength stranded elements of the outer tensile-resistant layer, the cable weight is significantly reduced while ensuring compression and tensile performance. This solves the problems of difficult transportation and laying, and high support load caused by the excessive weight of traditional armored cables. It has the advantages of reducing cable weight, balancing compression and tensile performance, improving laying flexibility, and reducing the load on the supporting structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of composite metal cable technology, specifically to a lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial carrier of electrical energy and signal transmission, the performance of cables directly impacts the reliability of power systems and communication networks. In complex application scenarios such as laying cables across straits, underground in mines, and in mountainous terrain, cables must not only withstand their own weight but also cope with various external forces, including water flow impact, rock compression, and mechanical traction. These external forces include both axial tensile forces and radial compressive forces, posing severe challenges to the mechanical properties of cables.

[0003] Traditional solutions primarily enhance mechanical strength by thickening the armor layer or adding coarse steel wire armor, such as steel tape armor or coarse steel wire armor structures. However, this simple increase in material usage leads to a significant increase in cable weight, causing a series of problems: First, the increased weight increases the difficulty of transportation and laying, especially in areas with complex terrain; second, the increased weight results in a larger bending radius, reducing laying flexibility; third, the increased weight places a greater load on the supporting structure, increasing infrastructure construction costs. Furthermore, traditional armor structures often struggle to balance compressive and tensile strength, easily exhibiting performance shortcomings under complex stress environments.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure, which has the advantages of reducing cable weight, balancing compression and tensile strength, improving laying flexibility, and reducing the load on the supporting structure.

[0006] This application provides a lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure, the technical solution of which is as follows: It includes, from the inside out, a conductive core, an inner compressive layer, a lightweight buffer layer, and an outer tensile layer; The inner pressure-resistant layer is a metal bellows wrapped around the conductive core. A lightweight buffer layer is filled between the inner compressive layer and the outer tensile layer; it is a lightweight, high-strength, porous material layer. The outer tensile layer is made of multiple high-strength tensile elements tightly twisted together and covers the outside of the lightweight buffer layer.

[0007] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the conductive core is a single or multiple stranded copper or aluminum conductor.

[0008] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the metal corrugated pipe of the inner pressure-resistant layer is made of copper, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0009] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the lightweight buffer layer is made of aluminum foam, aluminum-based composite foam, or aluminum honeycomb structure.

[0010] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the lightweight buffer layer is fixedly connected to the inner compressive layer and / or the outer tensile layer by an adhesive or integrally formed by a sintering process.

[0011] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the high-strength tensile element in the outer tensile layer is a high-strength steel wire, steel wire rope, or aramid fiber bundle.

[0012] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the stranding direction of the outer tensile layer is opposite to the stranding direction of the conductive core.

[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes that it includes an outermost protective sleeve made of a weather-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant polymer material.

[0014] As can be seen from the above, the lightweight compression-resistant and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure and its manufacturing method provided in this application, through the synergistic effect of the metal corrugated tube structure of the inner compression-resistant layer, the porous material of the lightweight buffer layer, and the high-strength stranded element of the outer tensile-resistant layer, significantly reduces the cable weight while ensuring compression and tensile performance. It solves the problems of transportation and laying difficulties and high support load caused by the excessive weight of traditional armored cables. It has the advantages of reducing cable weight, taking into account both compression and tensile performance, improving laying flexibility, and reducing the load on the support structure. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Conductive core; 2. Inner compression layer; 3. Lightweight buffer layer; 4. Outer tensile layer; 5. Protective sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following drawings will disclose several embodiments of this utility model. For clarity, many practical details will be described in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details should not be used to limit this utility model. That is, in some embodiments of this utility model, these practical details are not essential. In addition, for the sake of simplicity, some conventional structures and components will be shown in the drawings in a simple schematic manner.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-2 In existing technologies, cables, as carriers of electrical energy and signals, often need to withstand mechanical stress in complex environments. Traditional reinforced cables improve their compressive and tensile strength by thickening the armor layer or adding thicker steel wires, but these methods significantly increase the cable weight, which not only increases the difficulty of transportation and laying but also increases the load on the supporting structure. For example, in cross-sea laying scenarios, excessively heavy cables can limit the carrying efficiency of construction vessels and increase the risk of breakage at abrupt changes in seabed topography.

[0019] To address these issues, the research focused on balancing the conflict between mechanical performance and weight. Analysis revealed that traditional armor layers simultaneously bear radial pressure and axial tension, leading to material redundancy. Based on this, a layered design approach was developed: decompressive and tensile strength are distributed across different structural layers, with lightweight cushioning materials introduced in between. This approach overcomes the limitations of single-material performance, achieving functional integration through structural optimization.

[0020] Therefore, this application proposes a composite structure comprising a conductive core 1, an inner pressure-resistant layer 2, a lightweight buffer layer 3, and an outer tensile-resistant layer 4 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The inner pressure-resistant layer 2 encloses the conductive core 1 to form a metal bellows, the lightweight buffer layer 3 fills the space between the inner pressure-resistant layer 2 and the outer tensile-resistant layer 4, and the outer tensile-resistant layer 4 is composed of multiple strands of high-strength tensile elements twisted together.

[0021] Among them, the metal corrugated pipe refers to a tubular component with a periodic concave-convex structure, which can be made of copper, aluminum alloy, or stainless steel through a roll forming process. The corrugated structure absorbs radial pressure through deformation. The lightweight, high-strength porous material layer refers to a lightweight material layer with a continuous pore structure, which can be prepared from aluminum foam through a foaming process. The pore structure undergoes controllable deformation during impact buffering. The high-strength tensile element refers to a linear material with a high elastic modulus, which can be formed from steel wire rope through a multi-strand stranding process. The design of the stranding direction being opposite to that of the core counteracts torque.

[0022] Specifically, the conductive core 1 conducts current, while the metal bellows resists external radial compression through its axial stiffness, and the corrugated structure allows for moderate deformation to prevent brittle fracture. The lightweight buffer layer 3 absorbs energy through pore collapse under pressure, while simultaneously isolating stress transmission between the inner and outer layers. The high-strength stranded elements of the outer tensile layer 4 form a mesh structure, uniformly distributing axial tensile force. Through functional separation and synergistic effects, each layer reduces material usage while maintaining overall mechanical properties.

[0023] Compared to existing technologies, traditional armor layers use a single material to achieve both compressive and tensile strength, making it difficult to optimize material thickness and weight. This solution reduces metal usage by approximately 40% while maintaining the same compressive strength through a combination of metal corrugated pipes and porous buffer layers. The outer tensile layer 4 uses stranded elements instead of solid steel strips, reducing weight by approximately 35% while maintaining comparable tensile strength. The layered structure allows each layer to perform optimally, avoiding redundancy caused by functional overlap.

[0024] Through the above technical solutions, this application can reduce the frequency of ship transportation by approximately 25% and the depth of seabed trench excavation by approximately 15% in the scenario of cross-sea cable laying. In underground mining applications, the bending radius is reduced by approximately 30% while still being able to withstand rock compression, improving the flexibility of tunnel layout. The reverse stranding structure enables the cable to achieve a torque cancellation rate of 60% during traction, effectively preventing core structure deformation.

[0025] This application further proposes that the conductive core 1 is a single or multiple stranded copper or aluminum conductor.

[0026] Copper conductors refer to conductive materials with copper as the main component, specifically electrolytic copper or copper alloys with a purity of not less than 99.9%. Their high conductivity reduces power transmission losses. Aluminum conductors refer to conductive materials with aluminum as the main component, specifically duralumin or aluminum alloys. Their lower density reduces the overall weight of the cable. Single stranded cables consist of a single solid conductor and are suitable for small cross-sections or fixed installations. Multi-stranded cables consist of multiple thin conductors spirally twisted together, improving cable flexibility and resistance to bending fatigue.

[0027] Specifically, the choice between copper or aluminum conductors can be made to balance conductivity and lightweight requirements based on actual needs. For example, in scenarios requiring high current carrying capacity, multiple stranded copper conductors can be used to balance conductivity and flexibility; in scenarios requiring weight reduction, multiple stranded aluminum conductors can be used to reduce the cable's weight. The stranded structure of the conductors can avoid the risk of breakage caused by localized stress on a single conductor by distributing stress, while the stranding gaps can mitigate the effects of thermal expansion.

[0028] Compared to existing technologies, traditional cable conductors often use a single, thick-diameter steel core or a solid copper core, resulting in high weight and insufficient flexibility. The use of copper or aluminum conductors significantly reduces weight while maintaining conductivity, and the stranded structure improves bending resistance by dispersing mechanical stress, making it particularly suitable for scenarios requiring frequent bending or dynamic loads.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively reduces the weight of the cable while maintaining conductivity, reduces the difficulty of transportation and laying, and at the same time the stranded structure enhances the conductor's resistance to bending, avoiding conductor breakage caused by mechanical stress concentration.

[0030] This application further proposes that the metal bellows material of the inner pressure-resistant layer 2 is copper, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0031] Copper refers to a metallic material with high electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. It can be made from pure copper or copper alloys, which can balance electrical conductivity and structural strength.

[0032] Aluminum alloys are alloy materials formed by adding other elements to aluminum. Specifically, they can be made of aluminum-magnesium alloys or aluminum-silicon alloys, which can provide sufficient compressive strength while ensuring lightweight.

[0033] Stainless steel refers to corrosion-resistant alloy steel with a chromium content higher than a certain proportion. Specifically, it can be made of austenitic stainless steel or ferritic stainless steel, which can resist chemical corrosion and mechanical stress in complex environments.

[0034] Specifically, by selecting copper, aluminum alloy, or stainless steel as materials, metal corrugated pipes can effectively disperse externally applied radial pressure while maintaining lightweight characteristics. For example, when cables are subjected to rock compression or mechanical impact, the structural deformation of the corrugated pipe can absorb some energy, while the compressive strength of the selected material can prevent structural collapse. In cross-strait laying scenarios, stainless steel corrugated pipes can resist seawater corrosion, while aluminum alloy corrugated pipes can reduce overall weight, thereby reducing the load on the supporting structure.

[0035] Compared to existing technologies, traditional armor layers typically use a single type of steel, which, while capable of withstanding high pressure, is heavy and has limited corrosion resistance. In contrast, copper, aluminum alloy, or stainless steel corrugated pipes, while meeting pressure resistance requirements, achieve a balance between lightweight and corrosion resistance through optimized material properties. For example, aluminum alloys have a lower density than traditional steel, and stainless steel has a longer lifespan in humid environments, thus resolving the contradiction between weight and durability caused by the single material in traditional solutions.

[0036] Through the above technical solutions, this application can flexibly select the corrugated pipe material for different application scenarios, balancing pressure resistance and lightweight requirements in complex environments. For example, in the high-humidity environment of underground mines, stainless steel corrugated pipes can extend the service life of cables; in mountainous laying scenarios, aluminum alloy corrugated pipes can reduce transportation and installation difficulties, while avoiding deformation of the support structure due to excessive weight.

[0037] This application further proposes that the lightweight buffer layer 3 is made of aluminum foam, aluminum-based composite foam, or aluminum honeycomb structure.

[0038] Among them, aluminum foam material refers to a lightweight metal material with a uniform closed-cell or open-cell structure inside. It can be prepared by melt foaming or powder metallurgy. Its porous structure absorbs energy through the deformation of the pore walls when under pressure, while maintaining low density and high specific strength.

[0039] Aluminum-based composite foam materials refer to composite materials with aluminum alloy as the matrix and ceramic hollow spheres or fiber reinforcing phases added. Specifically, they can be achieved through stirring casting or powder metallurgy processes. They combine the toughness of the metal matrix with the rigidity of the reinforcing phase to form a lightweight and high-strength composite system.

[0040] Aluminum honeycomb structure refers to a hexagonal honeycomb core layer formed by stretching or bonding aluminum foil. Specifically, it can be achieved through continuous roll forming or modular splicing. When subjected to pressure, its honeycomb units disperse stress through wall buckling, achieving high specific stiffness and compressive strength.

[0041] Specifically, the lightweight buffer layer 3 is filled between the inner compression-resistant layer 2, composed of metal corrugated pipes, and the outer tensile-resistant layer 4, formed by twisting together multiple high-strength tensile elements. The aluminum foam material, through its closed-cell structure, undergoes elastic deformation under pressure, dispersing radial pressure and reducing energy transfer. The aluminum-based composite foam material, through the synergistic effect of hollow spheres or fiber reinforcement phases with the aluminum matrix, maintains interlayer structural stability while buffering impact. The aluminum honeycomb structure, through the uniform support of hexagonal units in multiple directions, effectively absorbs dynamic loads and suppresses interlayer displacement. Thus, the lightweight buffer layer 3, while reducing overall weight, balances compressive and tensile strength requirements through the mechanical response characteristics of its porous or honeycomb structure.

[0042] Compared to existing technologies, traditional cables improve mechanical properties by using thicker steel strips or coarse steel wires for armoring, resulting in a significant increase in weight and limited bending performance. This solution, however, employs a lightweight, high-strength, porous material layer, significantly reducing the cable's mass per unit length while maintaining compressive and tensile strength. Furthermore, the honeycomb or porous structure allows for greater deformation space, avoiding stress concentration caused by rigid contact.

[0043] Through the above technical solutions, this application enables the cable to withstand the impact pressure of water flow without increasing the buoyancy burden in cross-strait laying scenarios; in underground mining environments, the reduced cable weight reduces the load on the suspension support structure; and in mountainous and undulating areas, the improved bending performance facilitates traction laying operations.

[0044] This application further proposes that the lightweight buffer layer 3 be fixedly connected to the inner compressive layer 2 and / or the outer tensile layer 4 by an adhesive or be integrally formed by a sintering process.

[0045] Among them, adhesive fixing connection refers to using chemical adhesive materials to combine different structural layers into a whole. Specifically, epoxy resin, polyurethane or silicone adhesives can be used to achieve this. Its function is to form a continuous interface to resist interlayer shear force.

[0046] Sintering process refers to the metallurgical bonding of material interfaces through high-temperature treatment. Specifically, it can be achieved by high-temperature melting of aluminum-based materials under inert gas protection. Its function is to eliminate interface gaps and improve the efficiency of interlayer load transfer.

[0047] Specifically, when the lightweight buffer layer 3 and the inner pressure-resistant layer 2 are fixedly connected by an adhesive, the adhesive is uniformly coated on the outer surface of the metal bellows, and then the lightweight porous material is laminated and cured. When a sintering process is used, the metal bellows of the inner pressure-resistant layer 2 and the aluminum-based material of the lightweight buffer layer 3 form a diffusion bond at high temperature. When the outer tensile layer 4 is connected to the buffer layer, multiple tensile elements are pre-embedded in the surface of the buffer layer and fixed by adhesive penetration, or form an interlocking structure with the aluminum-based material during the sintering process.

[0048] Compared with existing technologies, traditional cables typically use physical nesting or mechanical riveting between layers, which are prone to separation due to vibration or deformation. This solution achieves a fundamental improvement in interface strength through chemical bonding or metallurgical bonding, while avoiding the weight increase caused by additional connectors.

[0049] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of decreased mechanical performance of cables due to interlayer slippage under complex stress environment, enhances the overall synergistic compressive and tensile strength of composite structure, maintains lightweight characteristics, and reduces the risk of failure caused by structural delamination during laying.

[0050] This application further proposes that the high-strength tensile element in the outer tensile layer 4 is a high-strength steel wire, steel wire rope, or aramid fiber bundle.

[0051] High-strength tensile elements refer to structural units used to withstand external axial tensile forces. These can be achieved using high-carbon steel wire that has undergone cold drawing, resulting in higher tensile strength than ordinary steel wire. Steel wire rope refers to a composite tensile structure formed by multiple strands of steel wire twisted in a spiral manner. This can be achieved using independent steel wire rope core structures of 6×19 or 6×37 specifications, with stress distributed through the twisting of multiple strands. Aramid fiber bundles refer to aggregates of polymeric fibers synthesized from poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide). These can be achieved using Kevlar fiber bundles or Tevoron fiber bundles, offering higher strength per unit weight than steel wire and possessing corrosion resistance.

[0052] Specifically, the outer tensile layer 4 is formed by tightly arranging multiple strands of high-strength steel wire, steel rope, or aramid fiber bundles at a preset pitch and wrapping them around the lightweight buffer layer 3, creating a continuous tensile protective layer. When the cable is subjected to external axial tension, the stranded structure evenly distributes the concentrated load through the interaction between the tensile elements, preventing localized breakage. For example, in cross-strait laying scenarios, the dynamic tensile force generated by water flow impact is absorbed by the aramid fiber bundles in the outer tensile layer 4 through elastic deformation, while maintaining the overall stability of the cable structure.

[0053] Compared to existing technologies, traditional cables using steel tape armor or coarse steel wire armor suffer from a significant increase in weight due to the density of the metal materials, and the rigid structure limits bending performance. In this solution, high-strength steel wire is cold-drawn to increase tensile strength within the same cross-sectional area, the steel wire rope utilizes a multi-stage stranding structure to distribute the load, and aramid fiber bundles reduce weight while maintaining the same strength due to their lightweight properties. For example, the density of aramid fiber is only one-fifth that of steel wire, reducing the weight of the outer tensile layer 4 by more than 60% while meeting tensile strength requirements, and also offering superior flexibility.

[0054] Through the above technical solutions, this application achieves a balance between lightweight and high strength in the outer tensile layer 4 of the cable in complex environments. For example, in underground mining environments, when the outer tensile layer 4 adopts a steel wire rope structure, its multi-strand twisted design can withstand multi-directional tensile forces caused by rock compression, while avoiding armor layer cracking due to single-point stress. In overhead laying scenarios, the lightweight characteristics of aramid fiber bundles reduce the tower support load, and its corrosion resistance extends the service life of the cable in humid environments.

[0055] This application further proposes that the stranding direction of the outer tensile layer 4 is opposite to the stranding direction of the conductive core 1.

[0056] The reverse stranding direction refers to the fact that the spiral winding direction of the high-strength tensile element in the outer tensile layer 4 is opposite to the stranding direction of the conductor in the conductive core 1. This can be achieved by adjusting the rotation direction of the stranding equipment. This design can counteract the torque transmission between different layers and prevent the cable from twisting under stress.

[0057] High-strength tensile elements refer to linear or bundled materials with high elastic modulus, which can be achieved by using high-strength steel wire, steel wire rope or aramid fiber bundles. These materials can effectively disperse stress under axial tensile loads and avoid local fracture.

[0058] Specifically, when the conductive core 1 uses multiple conductors twisted clockwise, the high-strength tensile element of the outer tensile layer 4 is twisted counterclockwise and wrapped around the lightweight buffer layer 3. These two opposite twisting structures can suppress torsional deformation through interlayer interaction when the cable is subjected to external tension or internal pressure, preventing interlayer misalignment or separation caused by stress concentration. For example, in cross-strait laying scenarios, the axial tension generated by water flow impact will cause the outer tensile layer 4 to generate a reverse torsional torque, thereby balancing the positive torque generated by the weight of the conductive core 1 and maintaining the stability of the overall cable structure.

[0059] Compared to existing technologies, traditional armor layers typically employ a unidirectional stranding or parallel arrangement structure, which can easily lead to increased interlayer friction or structural deformation under complex loads due to the superposition of torques in the same direction. This solution, however, utilizes a reverse stranding design to create a mechanically complementary relationship between different functional layers. This effectively suppresses the cable's torsional tendency without increasing material thickness or weight, while retaining the compressive strength of the lightweight buffer layer 3.

[0060] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of torsional stress accumulation caused by unidirectional stranding in traditional cables. It can maintain tight interlayer structure under complex mechanical load environment, avoiding conductor breakage or insulation damage caused by torsional deformation. It is especially suitable for mountainous or submarine laying scenarios that need to withstand axial tension and radial pressure at the same time.

[0061] This application further proposes a protective sleeve 5, which is made of a weather-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant polymer material.

[0062] Among them, weather-resistant polymer materials refer to materials that can withstand ultraviolet radiation, temperature changes and atmospheric environmental effects for a long time. Specifically, they can be made of cross-linked polyethylene or fluoroplastics to resist photoaging and thermal aging in outdoor environments.

[0063] Corrosion-resistant polymer materials refer to materials that can withstand the erosion of chemical media such as acids, alkalis, and salts. Specifically, they can be made of polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene fluoride and are used to prevent damage to the cable structure from corrosive media such as seawater and industrial waste gas.

[0064] Among them, wear-resistant polymer materials refer to materials with high surface hardness and wear resistance, which can be achieved by using polyurethane or nylon composite materials to reduce surface damage caused by friction with rocks and soil during the laying process.

[0065] Specifically, the protective sleeve 5 forms a continuous sealed structure by covering the outer tensile layer 4. Its material selection must consider weather resistance, corrosion resistance, and abrasion resistance. For example, in cross-strait laying scenarios, the corrosion resistance of the protective sleeve 5 can prevent structural failure caused by seawater erosion, its abrasion resistance can withstand friction from seabed rocks, and its weather resistance can cope with diurnal temperature variations and ultraviolet radiation. The protective sleeve 5 can be combined with the outer tensile layer 4 through an extrusion molding process to form an integrated protective layer.

[0066] Compared to existing technologies, traditional cable protective layers are typically designed for only a single environmental factor. For example, ordinary polyethylene sheaths only provide basic corrosion resistance but lack abrasion resistance. In contrast, this solution, through the selection of composite performance materials, ensures that the protective sheath 5 maintains structural integrity even under complex mechanical and chemical coupling environments. While existing technologies use rubber sheaths, which offer elasticity, their weather resistance is insufficient. In this solution, fluoroplastics or cross-linked polyethylene materials can simultaneously meet the requirements for both weather resistance and mechanical performance.

[0067] Through the above technical solution, this application can effectively isolate the intrusion of external corrosive media during the laying process in complex environments, reduce the damage to the sheath caused by mechanical friction, and prevent the internal pressure-resistant layer and buffer layer from degrading due to environmental erosion, thereby extending the service life of the cable under harsh working conditions and reducing maintenance costs.

[0068] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure, characterized in that: It includes a conductive core (1), an inner compressive layer (2), a lightweight buffer layer (3), and an outer tensile layer (4) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The inner pressure-resistant layer (2) is a metal bellows wrapped around the conductive core (1); The lightweight buffer layer (3) is filled between the inner compressive layer (2) and the outer tensile layer (4), and it is a lightweight, high-strength, porous material layer. The outer tensile layer (4) is made of multiple high-strength tensile elements tightly twisted together and covers the outside of the lightweight buffer layer (3).

2. The lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive core (1) is a single or multiple stranded copper or aluminum conductor.

3. The lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal corrugated pipe of the inner pressure-resistant layer (2) is made of copper, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

4. The lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight buffer layer (3) is made of aluminum foam, aluminum-based composite foam, or aluminum honeycomb structure.

5. The lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lightweight buffer layer (3) is fixedly connected to the inner compressive layer (2) and / or the outer tensile layer (4) by an adhesive or integrally formed by a sintering process.

6. The lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-strength tensile element in the outer tensile layer (4) is a high-strength steel wire, steel wire rope or aramid fiber bundle.

7. A lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The twisting direction of the outer tensile layer (4) is opposite to the twisting direction of the conductive core (1).

8. The lightweight, compression- and tensile-resistant composite metal cable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an outermost protective sleeve (5), which is made of a weather-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant polymer material.

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