An active protection fuse

Abstract

This utility model relates to fuses, specifically an active protection fuse. It includes a fuse housing; a motor and a motor drive circuit are housed inside the fuse housing; a current-carrying bridge is provided at the end of the motor's insulated output shaft; terminals are provided on both sides of the fuse housing, extending into the fuse housing and electrically connected to the current-carrying bridge; a current detection element is electrically connected to the motor drive circuit. When a fault current passes through the terminals, the current detection element senses the fault current in the terminals and outputs a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds a set threshold, the motor drive circuit controls the motor to operate, disconnecting the current-carrying bridge from the terminals. In this utility model, when a fault current passes through the terminals, the current detection element senses the fault current in the terminals and outputs a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds a set threshold, the motor drive circuit controls the motor to operate, disconnecting the current-carrying bridge from the terminals, thus achieving rapid interruption of the fault current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to fuses, specifically to an active protection fuse. Background Technology

[0002] A fuse, commonly known as a "fuse," is an overcurrent protection device, primarily used for short-circuit or overload protection. It is widely used in various power protection systems. The mainstream thermal fuse on the market consists of an insulating tube, terminals, a cover plate, a fusible element, and an arc-extinguishing medium, among other auxiliary materials. Its working principle is as follows: Under specified voltage conditions, when the line current flows through the fusible element, the heat accumulated to a certain level causes the current-sensing point (at the narrowest point) of the fusible element to melt and break the circuit within a specified time, thus safely interrupting the fault current.

[0003] Currently, fuses primarily rely on the thermal effect of current to achieve passive melting. When encountering low-multiplier fault currents, heat accumulation is a gradual process that takes time. This results in a relatively long melting time for the fuse, making it unable to act quickly at the critical point of the fault and failing to effectively protect the circuit system. In particular, for full-range protection fuses, the melting time exhibits significant fluctuations when dealing with low-multiplier fault currents (twice the rated operating current). Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an active protection fuse to address the technical problem that existing full-range fuse protectors have large fluctuations in fusing time when dealing with low fault currents.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] An active protection fuse includes a fuse housing; the fuse housing contains a motor and a motor drive circuit electrically connected to the motor;

[0007] The insulated output shaft end of the motor is provided with a power bridge;

[0008] Both sides of the fuse housing are provided with terminals, and the two terminals extend into the fuse housing and can be connected to the power bridge.

[0009] The motor drive circuit is electrically connected to a current detection element. When a fault current passes through the terminal block, the current detection element senses the fault current in the terminal block and outputs a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds the set threshold, the motor drive circuit controls the motor to operate and disconnects the power bridge from the terminal block.

[0010] Furthermore, the current detection element is a Hall current detection element.

[0011] Furthermore, the motor drive circuit includes a PCB board, and a power supply, Hall switch and microcontroller mounted on the PCB board;

[0012] The motor and Hall switch are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply;

[0013] The Hall switch is electrically connected to the current detection element via a microcontroller.

[0014] Furthermore, the power-carrying bridge includes a conductive cylinder and two conductive protrusions evenly distributed around the outer side of the conductive cylinder.

[0015] The outer edge of the conductive protrusion can be fitted with the end of the terminal block to achieve electrical connection.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer edge of the conductive protrusion is arc-shaped;

[0017] The junction of the terminal block and the conductive protrusion is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the outer edge of the conductive protrusion.

[0018] Furthermore, the fuse housing includes a base and a cover plate fixed to the base by a plurality of screws;

[0019] The PCB board and motor are fixed inside the base.

[0020] Furthermore, the motor is fixedly installed in the base via a motor mounting bracket;

[0021] The PCB board is fixedly installed in the base by a PCB board mounting bracket.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0023] 1. The active protection fuse provided by this utility model, by setting up a motor, a motor drive circuit and a current bridge, after the active protection fuse is connected to the circuit, the current detection element monitors the current passing through the terminal. When the fault current passes through the terminal, the current detection element senses the fault current in the terminal and outputs a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds the set threshold, the motor drive circuit controls the motor to operate, disconnecting the current bridge from the terminal, thereby achieving rapid interruption of the fault current; compared with conventional fusible fuses, the melting time is shorter.

[0024] 2. The active protection fuse provided by this utility model consists of a conductive cylinder and two conductive protrusions evenly distributed on both sides of the conductive cylinder. Under normal current conditions, the two conductive protrusions are electrically connected to the two terminals respectively. When a fault current passes through, the insulated output shaft of the motor drives the conductive bridge to rotate until the terminals are separated, thereby realizing the rapid disconnection of the fault current.

[0025] 3. The active protection fuse provided by this utility model has an independent motor drive circuit and an independent power supply, which can prevent the motor drive circuit from being affected by the main circuit failure and enhance the reliability of the active protection fuse. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after removing the cover plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the power-carrying bridge in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Fuse housing, 11-Base, 12-Cover plate, 13-Screw, 2-Motor, 3-Motor drive circuit, 4-Insulated output shaft, 5-Current bridge, 51-Conductive cylinder, 52-Conductive protrusion, 6-Terminal, 7-Hall current detection element, 8-PCB board, 9-Motor mounting bracket, 10-PCB board mounting bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an active protection fuse is used in circuits requiring active and rapid circuit disconnection, enabling full-range fault current protection. The active protection fuse includes a fuse housing 1; inside the fuse housing 1 is a motor 2 and a motor drive circuit 3 electrically connected to the motor 2;

[0034] The insulated output shaft 4 of motor 2 is provided with a power bridge 5 at its end; the insulated output shaft 4 of motor 2 can isolate the power bridge from the motor drive circuit 3, so as to avoid interference from the circuit where the active protection fuse is located to the motor drive circuit 3.

[0035] Both sides of the fuse housing 1 are provided with terminals 6. The two terminals 6 extend into the fuse housing 1 and can be electrically connected to the power bridge 5.

[0036] In order to monitor the current passing through the active protection fuse, the motor drive circuit 3 is electrically connected to a current detection element 7, which is a Hall current detection element. When a fault current passes through the terminal 6, the current detection element 7 senses the fault current in the terminal 6 and outputs a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds the set threshold, the motor drive circuit 3 controls the motor 2 to operate and disconnect the power bridge 5 from the terminal 6.

[0037] In this embodiment, the threshold of the detection signal can be set according to the needs of the user's actual application scenario.

[0038] The motor drive circuit 3 includes a PCB board 8, and a power supply, Hall effect switch, and microcontroller mounted on the PCB board 8. The motor 2 and the Hall effect switch are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply. The Hall effect switch is electrically connected to the current detection element 7 through the microcontroller. During operation, the current detection element 7 senses the current passing through the terminal 6 and outputs a detection signal to the microcontroller. The microcontroller determines whether the detection signal output by the current detection element 7 exceeds a threshold. If the threshold is exceeded (i.e., a fault current passes through the terminal 6), the microcontroller controls the Hall effect switch to close, allowing the power supply to power the motor 2, causing the motor 2 to operate and disconnecting the current bridge 5 from the terminal 6.

[0039] In this embodiment, the motor drive circuit 3 has an independent power supply, so that the motor drive circuit 3 and the circuit where the active protection fuse is located are independent of each other and do not affect each other.

[0040] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in order for the power bridge 5 to enable the connection between the two terminals 6 to be switched on and off, the power bridge 5 includes a conductive cylinder 51 and two conductive protrusions 52 evenly distributed around the outer side of the conductive cylinder 51; the outer edge of the conductive protrusions 52 can be fitted with the end of the terminal 6 to achieve electrical connection; as shown Figure 4 As shown, the outer edge of the conductive protrusion 52 is arc-shaped; the junction of the terminal 6 and the conductive protrusion 52 is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the outer edge of the conductive protrusion 52.

[0041] When the conductive protrusion 52 is in contact with the arc-shaped groove of the terminal 6, the two terminals 6 are normally connected. When the conductive protrusion 52 is separated from the arc-shaped groove of the terminal 6, the two terminals 6 are disconnected.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the fuse housing 1 includes a base 11 and a cover plate 12 fixed to the base 11 by a plurality of screws 13; the PCB board 8 and the motor 2 are fixed inside the base 11.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, motor 2 is fixedly installed in base 11 via motor mounting bracket 9; PCB board 8 is fixedly installed in base 11 via PCB board mounting bracket 10.

[0044] In other embodiments of this utility model, the base 11 and the cover plate 12 are fixed together by a plurality of screws 13 and buckles.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An actively protected fuse, characterized in that It includes a fuse housing (1); the fuse housing (1) is equipped with a motor (2) and a motor drive circuit (3) electrically connected to the motor (2); The insulated output shaft (4) of the motor (2) is provided with a power bridge (5); Both sides of the fuse housing (1) are provided with terminals (6), and the two terminals (6) extend into the fuse housing (1) and can be electrically connected to the power bridge (5). The motor drive circuit (3) is electrically connected to a current detection element (7). When a fault current passes through the terminal (6), the current detection element (7) senses the fault current in the terminal (6) and outputs a detection signal. When the detection signal exceeds the set threshold, the motor drive circuit (3) controls the motor (2) to operate and disconnect the power bridge (5) from the terminal (6).

2. The actively protected fuse of claim 1, wherein, The current detection element (7) is a Hall current detection element.

3. The actively protected fuse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The motor drive circuit (3) includes a PCB board (8), and a power supply, Hall switch and microcontroller disposed on the PCB board (8); The motor (2) and the Hall switch are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply; The Hall switch is electrically connected to the current detection element (7) via a microcontroller.

4. The actively protected fuse of claim 1, wherein, The power bridge (5) includes a conductive cylinder (51) and two conductive protrusions (52) evenly distributed around the outside of the conductive cylinder (51). The outer edge of the conductive protrusion (52) can be fitted with the end of the terminal block (6) to achieve electrical connection.

5. The actively protected fuse of claim 4, wherein, The outer edge of the conductive protrusion (52) is arc-shaped; The junction of the terminal (6) and the conductive protrusion (52) is provided with an arc-shaped groove that matches the conductive protrusion (52).

6. The actively protected fuse of claim 3, wherein, The fuse housing (1) includes a base (11) and a cover plate (12) fixed to the base (11) by a plurality of screws (13); The PCB board (8) and the motor (2) are fixed inside the base (11).

7. The actively protected fuse of claim 6, wherein, The motor (2) is fixedly installed in the base (11) by the motor mounting bracket (9); The PCB board (8) is fixedly installed in the base (11) by the PCB board mounting bracket (10).

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