Vehicle battery underbody protection plate and vehicle

Abstract

This utility model discloses a vehicle battery underbody protection plate and a vehicle, comprising a puncture-resistant layer, a substrate layer and an impact-resistant layer stacked sequentially; the puncture-resistant layer, substrate layer and impact-resistant layer are formed as a whole by injection molding; it can optimize the structure of the underbody protection plate, so that the underbody protection plate has at least better impact resistance and better puncture resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle battery protection, specifically to a vehicle battery underbody protection plate and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, especially lithium battery electric vehicles, accidents caused by battery pack fires and explosions are becoming increasingly prominent. According to current data analysis, the most likely cause of fires in new energy vehicles is bottom scraping.

[0003] Currently, there are several types of battery bottom protection plates: sheet metal stamping bottom protection plates, extruded aluminum profile bottom protection plates, and composite material bottom protection plates. While these plates have advantages in certain aspects, they also have some shortcomings and defects, including unreasonable structural design, making it difficult for the bottom protection plate to have both better impact resistance and better puncture resistance, resulting in a single function of bottom protection plate protection.

[0004] Therefore, to solve the above problems, a vehicle battery underbody protection plate and vehicle are needed that can optimize the structure of the underbody protection plate so that the underbody protection plate has at least better impact resistance and better puncture resistance. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a vehicle battery underbody protection plate and vehicle, which can optimize the structure of the underbody protection plate so that the underbody protection plate has at least better impact resistance and better puncture resistance.

[0006] The vehicle battery underbody protection plate of this utility model includes a puncture-resistant layer, a substrate layer and an impact-resistant layer stacked in sequence; the impact-resistant layer has a set impact resistance strength to resist impact when it is hit, and the puncture-resistant layer has a set puncture resistance to resist puncture by sharp objects.

[0007] The puncture-resistant layer, substrate layer, and impact-resistant layer are integrally formed by injection molding.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes an energy-absorbing layer disposed between the puncture-resistant layer and the substrate layer, the energy-absorbing layer being used to absorb impact energy when subjected to impact.

[0009] Furthermore, the energy-absorbing layer is bonded and fixed to the substrate layer, and together with the puncture-resistant layer, the substrate layer, and the impact-resistant layer, they are formed into a whole through injection molding.

[0010] Furthermore, the impact-resistant layer is an aramid fiber layer coated with a shear thickening liquid.

[0011] Furthermore, the puncture-resistant layer is a glass fiber layer impregnated with a shear thickening liquid.

[0012] Furthermore, the substrate layer is one or more of a metal plate, a metal mesh, or a metal honeycomb panel.

[0013] Furthermore, the ratio of the thickness of the impact-resistant layer to the thickness of the puncture-resistant layer is between 0.9 and 1.1.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the substrate layer is 0.9 to 1.3 times the thickness of the impact-resistant layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the energy-absorbing layer is 4 to 6 times the thickness of the substrate layer.

[0016] This solution also discloses a vehicle that uses the aforementioned vehicle battery underbody protection plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The vehicle battery underbody protection plate and vehicle disclosed in this utility model solve the problem that it is difficult for the vehicle battery underbody protection plate to have both better impact resistance and better puncture resistance through the synergistic effect of the three-layer structure; the puncture-resistant layer mainly deals with the risk of puncture by sharp objects on the road, the base material layer provides overall support rigidity, and the impact-resistant layer is specifically designed to deal with impact loads. The three-layer structure is formed as a whole by injection molding, which reduces production costs and avoids the problem of insufficient interface strength caused by embedded connection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Puncture-resistant layer; 2. Energy-absorbing layer; 3. Substrate layer; 4. Impact-resistant layer; 5. Covering layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. In this embodiment, the vehicle battery bottom protection plate includes a puncture-resistant layer 1, a substrate layer 3, and an impact-resistant layer 4 stacked in sequence.

[0022] The substrate layer 3 provides a supporting framework for the vehicle battery underbody protection plate. Further, the substrate layer 3 can be one or more of a metal plate, metal mesh, or metal honeycomb panel. The metal plate can be made of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or steel, the metal mesh can be made of stainless steel or titanium alloy, and the metal honeycomb panel can be made of aluminum or steel honeycomb. Existing connection methods such as adhesive bonding or welding can be used to form a multi-layered structure as a whole for use as the substrate layer 3, which will not be elaborated further here. In this solution, the substrate layer 3 is a steel plate suitable for the vehicle battery underbody protection plate. It has high specific strength and specific stiffness, effectively disperses impact loads, and also has puncture resistance, providing high protective performance.

[0023] The thickness of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is between 7mm and 15mm, which is conducive to the structural composite and design of the various anti-puncture layer 1, substrate layer 3 and impact-resistant layer 4 in this solution, so as to provide a vehicle battery underbody protection plate with better protection capabilities. The preferred thickness of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is 10mm.

[0024] The thickness of the substrate layer 3 is between 0.7mm and 1.2mm. In this solution, the thickness of the steel plate used as the substrate layer 3 is 1mm. A single layer of steel plate can have a certain impact resistance and puncture resistance, and can avoid insufficient rigidity caused by the substrate layer 3 being too thin. It can also prevent excessive weight caused by the substrate layer 3 being too thick. This allows for further control over the steel plate material, helps to reduce manufacturing costs, and meets the requirements of lightweight and performance.

[0025] The impact-resistant layer 4 has a set impact resistance strength to resist impacts when subjected to collisions. This set impact resistance strength is designed according to usage requirements; for example, the dynamic impact absorption energy of the impact-resistant layer 4 is ≥150J, ensuring that the vehicle battery underbody protection plate equipped with the impact-resistant layer 4 possesses this capability. It should be understood that if the dynamic impact absorption energy of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is ≥150J, the thickness of the impact-resistant layer 4 can be reduced based on the structure of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate to meet lightweight requirements. The impact-resistant layer 4 can be made of multi-layer composite materials or reinforced special steel plates, etc., to achieve the purpose of impact resistance; further details will not be elaborated here.

[0026] The puncture-resistant layer 1 has a designed puncture resistance capability to resist penetration by sharp objects. This designed puncture resistance capability is designed according to usage requirements; for example, the puncture resistance force of the puncture-resistant layer 1 is ≥500N, ensuring that the vehicle battery underbody protection plate equipped with the puncture-resistant layer 1 possesses this capability. It should be understood that if the puncture resistance force of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is ≥500N, the thickness of the puncture-resistant layer 1 can be reduced based on the structure of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate to meet lightweight requirements. The puncture-resistant layer 1 can be selected from structures such as a metal mesh composite coating or a multi-layer composite material structure, preferably for impact resistance purposes, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0027] The puncture-resistant layer 1, the substrate layer 3, and the impact-resistant layer 4 are formed as a whole by injection molding.

[0028] In use, the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is set at the bottom of the battery pack and mounted on the vehicle. The puncture-resistant layer 1 is close to the vehicle battery, and the impact-resistant layer 4 is close to the ground. This solution solves the problem that the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is difficult to achieve both better impact resistance and better puncture resistance through the synergistic effect of the three-layer structure. The puncture-resistant layer 1 mainly deals with the risk of puncture by sharp objects on the road, the base material layer 3 provides overall support rigidity, and the impact-resistant layer 4 is specifically designed to deal with impact loads. The three-layer structure is formed as a whole through injection molding, which solves the problems of poor assembly connection, multiple processes and high cost of multi-layer structure of vehicle battery underbody protection plate, and also avoids the problem of insufficient interface strength caused by embedded connection.

[0029] In this embodiment, an energy-absorbing layer 2 is also included, disposed between the puncture-resistant layer 1 and the substrate layer 3. The energy-absorbing layer 2 absorbs impact energy upon impact. This energy-absorbing layer 2, in conjunction with the substrate layer 3 and the impact-resistant layer 4, further prevents the transmission of force to the battery pack. When the battery pack is impacted from the bottom, it effectively absorbs impact energy, reduces the force transmitted to the battery pack, enhances the energy absorption capacity of the vehicle battery bottom protection plate, and improves protective performance. The energy-absorbing layer 2 can be selected from existing technologies such as a metal honeycomb sandwich structure, a non-metallic honeycomb sandwich structure, or a porous foam material layer, preferably serving the purpose of energy absorption; further details are omitted here.

[0030] In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing layer 2 is bonded and fixed to the substrate layer 3, and together with the puncture-resistant layer 1, the substrate layer 3, and the impact-resistant layer 4, they are formed into a whole through injection molding. This ensures the interlayer bonding strength, making the overall integrity of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate superior to that of embedded or assembled structures, and solving the problem of inconvenient bonding of composite layers. The bonding and fixing methods include adhesive bonding or welding. It is advisable to bond and fix the surface layers of the energy-absorbing layer 2 and the substrate layer 3 according to the corresponding materials of the energy-absorbing layer 2 and the substrate layer 3, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0031] In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing layer 2 is an STG / PUF (shear thickener / polyurethane foam) composite material layer, which achieves a dual energy absorption mechanism under the premise of lightweighting: when the polyurethane foam (PUF) collapses during low-speed collisions, the STG in the STG / PUF composite material undergoes a rheological response to enhance energy dissipation during high-speed impacts.

[0032] The STG / PUF (shear thickener / polyurethane foam) composite layer is prepared using existing technologies. For example, it is prepared in one step by adding polymer shear thickener (STG) to the polyurethane foam (PUF) system. This significantly improves the static energy absorption of polyurethane foam (PUF). Under the same conditions, the static energy absorption of the STG / PUF composite layer is about 13 times that of the polyurethane foam (PUF) layer. It also has better impact energy absorption capacity and lightweight properties. When applied to the underbody protection plate of vehicle battery, it can significantly reduce weight while maintaining excellent performance.

[0033] In this embodiment, the thickness of the energy-absorbing layer 2 is 4 to 6 times the thickness of the substrate layer 3. Preferably, the thickness of the energy-absorbing layer 2 is 4 times the thickness of the substrate layer 3. This further ensures the energy absorption effect, reduces damage to the battery pack, and at the same time, the thicker energy-absorbing layer 2 allows sharp punctures to be encapsulated and blocked by the energy-absorbing layer 2, reducing damage to the puncture-resistant layer 1 and improving the puncture resistance of the vehicle battery bottom protection plate.

[0034] In this embodiment, the impact-resistant layer 4 is an aramid fiber layer coated with a shear thickening liquid. It should be understood that since the steel plate is used as the base material layer 3, it has a certain impact resistance. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of lightweight vehicle underbody protection plate and have better impact resistance, the impact-resistant layer 4 is preferably made of a lighter material with a strength exceeding that of the steel plate. To ensure impact resistance, the aramid fibers in the aramid fiber layer coated with shear thickening liquid are preferably para-aramid fibers or heterocyclic aramid fibers. The shear thickening liquid is selected from any of the existing technologies to meet the requirements of this solution, which will not be elaborated here.

[0035] The aramid fiber layer coated with shear thickening liquid is prepared using existing technology. This scheme takes the method of coating Kevlar aramid fiber with shear thickening liquid to obtain the impact-resistant layer 4 as an example. Kevlar aramid fiber material itself has the advantages of high modulus, high tensile strength and high temperature resistance. Its strength is five times that of steel of the same weight. Moreover, it is only necessary to coat the aramid fiber layer with shear thickening liquid to complete the corresponding performance enhancement treatment and play the role of resisting external impact.

[0036] More specifically, after coating the shear thickening liquid onto the surface of Kevlar aramid fiber material, the shear thickening liquid and Kevlar aramid fiber material are fully compounded by multiple sets of rollers in the existing technology. After curing, an aramid fiber layer coated with shear thickening liquid is obtained. In use, the side of the aramid fiber layer coated with shear thickening liquid is placed downwards and close to the ground. Under the same surface density of Kevlar aramid fiber fabric, the puncture resistance of the fabric prepared by Kevlar aramid fiber material coated with shear thickening liquid is about 16 times higher than that of the uncoated fabric. The aramid fiber layer coated with shear thickening liquid is used as an impact-resistant layer 4, which not only has impact resistance exceeding that of steel plates and lightweight impact resistance, but also has a certain puncture resistance.

[0037] In this embodiment, the thickness of the substrate layer 3 is 0.9 to 1.3 times the thickness of the impact-resistant layer 4. Preferably, the thickness of the substrate layer 3 is 1.2 times the thickness of the impact-resistant layer 4. The similar thicknesses of the substrate layer 3 and the impact-resistant layer 4 can synergistically disperse impact energy, avoid stress concentration or local deformation caused by excessive thickness of a single layer, and balance overall rigidity and buffering requirements.

[0038] In this embodiment, the puncture-resistant layer 1 is a glass fiber layer impregnated with shear thickening liquid. It should be understood that, since the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is applied to the vehicle, the aramid fiber layer coated with shear thickening liquid, the steel plate, and the STG / PUF (shear thickening adhesive / polyurethane foam) composite material layer are all located below the puncture-resistant layer 1, and the aramid fiber layer coated with shear thickening liquid, the steel plate, and the STG / PUF (shear thickening adhesive / polyurethane foam) composite material layer all have a certain puncture resistance. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of lightweight vehicle underbody protection plate and have better puncture resistance, the puncture-resistant layer 1 is preferably made of a lighter material and has a puncture resistance performance exceeding that of the steel plate.

[0039] Among them, the glass fibers in the glass fiber layer impregnated with shear thickening liquid have a lower density than steel, and a tensile strength several times that of steel, as well as a higher specific strength. They also support multi-axial weaving, enabling customization of mechanical properties in all directions, improving interlayer bonding, impact resistance, and puncture resistance. This allows for a balance between lightweighting and puncture resistance in the puncture-resistant layer 1 of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate. The glass fibers and shear thickening liquid in the glass fiber layer impregnated with shear thickening liquid can each be selected from existing technologies to meet the requirements of this solution, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0040] The glass fiber layer impregnated with shear thickening liquid is prepared using existing technology; for example, the shear thickening liquid is compounded onto the glass fiber using a "dilution-impregnation-drying" method. The obtained glass fiber impregnated with shear thickening liquid is arranged in one or more layers using a multi-axial braiding machine, and then bound together with stitch braiding thread. It is laid at different angles to prevent interlayer slippage, and then pre-formed by over-molding to obtain the glass fiber layer impregnated with shear thickening liquid. Under the same areal density, the bursting strength of the glass fiber layer impregnated with shear thickening liquid is higher than that of the untreated glass fiber layer, further improving the puncture resistance of the puncture-resistant layer 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, the thickness ratio of the impact-resistant layer 4 to the puncture-resistant layer 1 is between 0.9 and 1.1. Preferably, the thickness ratio of the impact-resistant layer 4 to the puncture-resistant layer 1 is 1; this optimizes the energy dissipation of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate. By reasonably controlling the thickness ratio of the impact-resistant layer 4 to the puncture-resistant layer 1, the performance of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate is optimized, taking into account both blunt impact and sharp puncture.

[0042] In this embodiment, injection molding material is used to form an injection-molded coating layer 5 that covers the puncture-resistant layer 1, the substrate layer 3, and the impact-resistant layer 4. The injection molding material is a shear-thickening thermoplastic composite material in the prior art, comprising a thermoplastic resin matrix and a shear-thickening liquid dispersed therein. The injection-molded coating layer 5 can further enhance the impact resistance and puncture resistance of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate. Furthermore, it possesses a certain degree of permeability. During injection molding, the adjacent surfaces of the puncture-resistant layer 1, the impact-resistant layer 4, and the substrate layer 3 with the energy-absorbing layer 2 are close together, which better allows for the provision of gaps for the injection molding material to penetrate. This further improves the connection strength between the adjacent surfaces of the puncture-resistant layer 1, the impact-resistant layer 4, and the substrate layer 3 with the energy-absorbing layer 2, resulting in better overall consistency of the vehicle battery underbody protection plate and reducing the risk of interface failure.

[0043] This solution also discloses a vehicle with a battery underbody protection plate. The battery underbody protection plate comprises, in sequence, a puncture-resistant layer 1, an energy-absorbing layer 2, a substrate layer 3, and an impact-resistant layer 4. The puncture-resistant layer 1 is a glass fiber layer impregnated with a shear-thickening liquid; the energy-absorbing layer 2 is an STG / PUF (shear-thickening adhesive / polyurethane foam) composite material layer; the substrate layer 3 is a steel plate; and the impact-resistant layer 4 is an aramid fiber layer coated with a shear-thickening liquid. All layers are integrally formed by injection molding. The injection molding material includes a thermoplastic resin matrix and a shear-thickening liquid dispersed therein, forming an injection-molded covering layer 5 that encapsulates each functional layer. This technical solution, through the structural combination of the functional layers, achieves both good puncture resistance and impact resistance while controlling costs, and also realizes a lightweight design. Furthermore, it possesses good acid and alkali resistance, good weather resistance, and good insulation properties.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vehicle battery skid plate, characterized by: It includes a puncture-resistant layer, a substrate layer, and an impact-resistant layer stacked in sequence; the puncture-resistant layer, the substrate layer, and the impact-resistant layer are formed into a whole by injection molding.

2. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 1, wherein: It also includes an energy-absorbing layer disposed between the puncture-resistant layer and the substrate layer.

3. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 2, wherein: The energy-absorbing layer is bonded and fixed to the substrate layer, and together with the puncture-resistant layer, the substrate layer and the impact-resistant layer, they are formed into a whole through injection molding.

4. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 1, wherein: The impact-resistant layer is an aramid fiber layer coated with a shear thickening liquid.

5. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 1, wherein: The puncture-resistant layer is a glass fiber layer impregnated with a shear-thickening liquid.

6. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 1, wherein: The substrate layer is one or more of a metal plate, a metal mesh, or a metal honeycomb panel.

7. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 1, wherein: The ratio of the thickness of the impact-resistant layer to the thickness of the puncture-resistant layer is between 0.9 and 1.

1.

8. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the substrate layer is 0.9 to 1.3 times the thickness of the impact-resistant layer.

9. The vehicle battery skid plate of claim 2, wherein: The thickness of the energy-absorbing layer is 4 to 6 times the thickness of the substrate layer.

10. A vehicle that applies a vehicle battery underbody protection plate according to any one of claims 1-9.

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