Ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device

Abstract

This invention provides an ultrawideband E-H conversion waveguide device, comprising an H-plane rectangular waveguide, an E-plane rectangular waveguide, and a transition structure. One narrow side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide and one wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide are on the same plane. The two end faces of the transition structure are respectively connected to the H-plane and E-plane rectangular waveguides. The transition structure is a hollow cylindrical body, including a first branch and a second branch, which form a bend in the cross-section of the cylindrical body. The length direction of the first branch is parallel to the length direction of the H-plane rectangular waveguide, and the length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide. The length direction of the second branch is parallel to the length direction of the E-plane rectangular waveguide, and the length of the second branch is less than or equal to the length of the wide side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide. A chamfer is provided on the outer corner surface of the transition structure at the connection between the first and second branches. This invention achieves efficient energy transfer between rectangular waveguides with different polarizations and is easy to integrate into a system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the microwave field, and in particular to an ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device. Background Technology

[0002] A waveguide, a common type of transmission line, is a structure used to guide electromagnetic waves along a specific path. Its core function is to confine electromagnetic waves within a limited space, reducing energy loss and signal interference. Based on their shape, waveguides can be classified into rectangular waveguides, circular waveguides, ridge waveguides, etc. Compared to microstrip transmission lines, rectangular waveguides offer advantages such as low loss, high power capacity, high mechanical strength, good heat dissipation, and excellent shielding performance.

[0003] While waveguide transmission lines such as rectangular waveguides can change the propagation direction through bends in their routing, they cannot achieve E-plane to H-plane conversion. In practical applications, radars or other systems using waveguide antennas or other suitable waveguide transmission lines often involve E-plane to H-plane waveguide conversion due to limitations in the layout of chips and other components. Currently, the commonly used waveguide transition structure for E-plane to H-plane conversion is the twisted waveguide, characterized by the 90° interchange of the directions of the wide and narrow sides at both ends. After the electromagnetic wave propagates through the twisted waveguide, its polarization direction changes by 90°, achieving E-plane to H-plane conversion. Twisted waveguides are relatively long and require sophisticated manufacturing processes, presenting challenges in practical engineering applications such as difficulty in fabrication, dimensional accuracy, and integration. A utility model patent with publication number CN106602194B proposes an EH-plane conversion waveguide device. This device achieves EH-plane conversion of electromagnetic waves by setting three layers of rectangular steps, but simultaneously, the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave also changes by 90°, making it impossible to achieve EH-plane conversion while maintaining the original propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave, which is detrimental to system integration in some cases. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide an ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device, including an H-plane rectangular waveguide, an E-plane rectangular waveguide and a transition structure.

[0005] One narrow side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide and one wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide are in the same plane;

[0006] The two end faces of the transition structure are respectively connected to the H-plane rectangular waveguide and the E-plane rectangular waveguide;

[0007] The transition structure is a hollow columnar body, and the transition structure includes a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch and the second branch form an angled shape in the cross section of the columnar body;

[0008] The length direction of the first branch is parallel to the length direction of the H-plane rectangular waveguide, and the length of the first branch is less than or equal to the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide.

[0009] The length direction of the second branch is parallel to the length direction of the E-plane rectangular waveguide, and the length of the second branch is less than or equal to the length of the wide side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide;

[0010] The outer corner surface of the transition structure has a chamfer at the connection between the first branch and the second branch.

[0011] Preferably, the outer corner surface of the transition structure is located on the same plane as one end face of the E-plane rectangular waveguide and the H-plane rectangular waveguide, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the first branch decreases from its connection with the second branch to its end; and / or, the thickness of the second branch decreases from its connection with the first branch to its end.

[0013] Preferably, the chamfer is a chamfered chamfer or a rounded chamfer.

[0014] Preferably, the projected length of the transition structure in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction is greater than or equal to half the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide, and less than or equal to the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide.

[0015] The significant advantages of this invention are as follows: The ultra-wideband EH-conversion waveguide device achieves a 90° rotation of the electric field vector in the rectangular waveguide by setting a transition structure between the E-plane and H-plane rectangular waveguides, thus twisting the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave signal by 90°. Simultaneously, by rationally designing the shape and branch dimensions of the transition structure, it solves the waveguide conversion problem between the E-plane and H-plane in highly integrated systems, optimizes the impedance matching between the transition structure and the rectangular waveguide, effectively reduces return loss, and achieves efficient energy transfer between the E-plane and H-plane rectangular waveguides. Furthermore, the structure is simple and easy to manufacture. Specifically, the ultra-wideband EH-conversion waveguide device of this invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. Achieve a 90° deflection of the polarization direction from the E-plane rectangular waveguide to the H-plane rectangular waveguide, with a large operating bandwidth and low return loss;

[0017] 2. It has a simple structure and small size, abandoning the complex structures of traditional twisted waveguides, making it easy to integrate into systems and saving wiring space;

[0018] 3. No need to change the transmission direction of electromagnetic waves, which facilitates the wiring of the entire system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front perspective view of the ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front perspective perspective view of the ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the back of the ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a side view of the ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a front perspective view of the transition structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a front view of the transition structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is the return loss curve corresponding to the ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The game difficulty adjustment method based on knowledge point status provided in this embodiment can be executed in a smart terminal, computer terminal, network device, chip, chip module, or similar computing device. The reference to "embodiment" in this application means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms “system,” “device,” “unit,” and / or “module” used herein are one way to distinguish different components, elements, parts, sections, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other terms can achieve the same purpose, they may be replaced by other expressions.

[0028] Example

[0029] See Figure 1 This embodiment specifically provides an ultra-wideband EH conversion waveguide device, including an H-plane rectangular waveguide 1, an E-plane rectangular waveguide 3, and a transition structure 2;

[0030] One narrow side of E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 and one wide side of H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 are in the same plane;

[0031] The two end faces of the transition structure 2 are connected to the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 and the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3, respectively.

[0032] The transition structure 2 is a hollow columnar body. The transition structure 2 includes a first branch 2A and a second branch 2B. The first branch 2A and the second branch 2B form a bend at the cross-section of the columnar body.

[0033] The length direction of the first branch 2A is parallel to the length direction of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1, and the length of the first branch 2A is less than or equal to the length of the wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1.

[0034] The length direction of the second branch 2B is parallel to the length direction of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3, and the length of the second branch is less than or equal to the length of the wide side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3.

[0035] The transition structure 2 includes an outer corner surface 2C and an inner corner surface 2D. The outer corner surface of the transition structure 2 has a chamfer at the connection between the first branch 2A and the second branch 2B.

[0036] This utility model discloses an ultrawideband EH conversion waveguide device, in which a transition structure 2 is connected to the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 and the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 at both ends. The conversion between the E-plane and H-plane rectangular waveguides is achieved through the use of the transition structure and the overall structural design. The reasonable arrangement of the transition structure achieves structural adaptation, while optimizing the impedance matching between the transition structure and the two rectangular waveguides at both ends, effectively reducing return loss. Specifically, the transition structure 2 is a hollow columnar body, and the cross-section of the columnar body is L-shaped, i.e., a boomerang-shaped angle. It can be understood that the first branch 2A and the second branch 2B in the columnar body intersect in cross-section.

[0037] The length direction of the first branch 2A is parallel to the length direction of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1, that is, the first branch 2A is mainly adapted to the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 to realize waveguide signal transmission. Similarly, the second branch 2B is adapted to the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 to realize waveguide signal transmission, but its length is less than or equal to the width of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3.

[0038] The outer corner surface of the transition structure 2 is provided with a chamfer at the connection between the first branch 2A and the second branch 2B. Preferably, the chamfer can be set as a chamfer or a rounded chamfer.

[0039] The outer corner surfaces of the transition structure 2 are located in the same plane as one end face of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 and the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1, respectively. Specifically, the outer corner surface of the first branch 2A is in the same plane as the narrow side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 and the wide side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3, and the outer corner surface of the second branch 2B is in the same plane as the wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 and the narrow side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the first branch 2A decreases from its connection point with the second branch 2B to its end; and / or, the thickness of the second branch 2B decreases from its connection point with the first branch 2A to its end. This embodiment achieves better adaptability of the device by setting the included angle of the transition structure 2 on the inner corner surface.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will understand that both the first branch 2A and the second branch 2B have their maximum thickness at the connection point. Of course, the thickness of the first branch 2A at this point is less than or equal to the height of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1, i.e., B1, and the thickness of the second branch 2B at this point is less than or equal to the height of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3, i.e., B2. Figure 2 As shown, Port1 is located in the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1, and Port2 is located in the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3. Preferably, the chamfer on the outer corner surface can be a 45° chamfer, and the included angle θ of the inner corner surface ranges from [90° to 180°].

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the projected length of the transition structure 2 in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction is greater than or equal to half the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide and less than or equal to the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide.

[0043] See Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a specific example to illustrate its ultrawideband EH conversion waveguide structure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the specific parameters involved do not constitute any limitation on the concept of this invention.

[0044] An ultrawideband EH conversion waveguide structure includes: an H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 and an E-plane rectangular waveguide 3, wherein a narrow side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 and a wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 are in the same plane; a boomerang-shaped transition structure 2 is provided between the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 and the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 to achieve a 90° rotation of the electric field vector; the transition structure 2 consists of a first branch 2A and a second branch 2B, wherein the length direction of the first branch 2A is parallel to the length direction of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 and its length is less than or equal to the length of the wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide, and the length direction of the second branch 2B is parallel to the length direction of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 and its length is less than or equal to the length of the wide side of the E-plane waveguide.

[0045] The transition structure 2 includes an outer corner surface 2C and an inner corner surface 2D. The outer corner surface 2C is provided with a 45° chamfer, and the length of the chamfer is S, which is 0.65 mm. The included angle of the inner corner surface 2D is θ, which is 106.9°.

[0046] Furthermore, the lengths of the wide and narrow sides of the H-plane rectangular waveguide 1 are A1 and B1, respectively, and the lengths of the wide and narrow sides of the E-plane rectangular waveguide 3 are A2 and B2, respectively. A1 = A2 = 2.54 mm and B1 = B2 = 1.27 mm are set.

[0047] Furthermore, the projection length of the transition structure 2 in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction is d, and the value range of d is [0.5A1, A1]; the length and width of the first branch 2A are L1 and W1 respectively, and the length and width of the second branch 2B are L2 and W2 respectively. L1 = L2 = 1.84mm and W1 = W2 = 0.83mm are set.

[0048] Figure 7 The figure shows the return loss curve of the EH conversion waveguide device in this embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the return loss is less than -20dB in the frequency band of 68.33GHz to 88.28GHz, and the relative bandwidth is about 25.5%, which meets the ultra-wideband characteristics.

[0049] The ultrawideband EH conversion waveguide device of this embodiment achieves a 90° rotation of the electric field vector in the rectangular waveguide by setting a transition structure between the E-plane and H-plane rectangular waveguides, thus twisting the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave signal by 90°. Simultaneously, by rationally designing the shape and branch dimensions of the transition structure, it solves the waveguide conversion problem between the E-plane and H-plane in highly integrated systems, optimizes the impedance matching between the transition structure and the rectangular waveguide, effectively reduces return loss, and achieves efficient energy transfer between the E-plane and H-plane rectangular waveguides. Furthermore, the structure is simple and easy to fabricate. Specifically, the ultrawideband EH conversion waveguide device of this invention has the following advantages:

[0050] 1. Achieve a 90° deflection of the polarization direction from the E-plane rectangular waveguide to the H-plane rectangular waveguide, with a large operating bandwidth and low return loss;

[0051] 2. It has a simple structure and small size, abandoning the complex structures of traditional twisted waveguides, making it easy to integrate into systems and saving wiring space;

[0052] 3. No need to change the transmission direction of electromagnetic waves, which facilitates the wiring of the entire system.

[0053] While specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this utility model, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An E-H plane conversion waveguide device for ultra-wideband, characterized by, Includes H-plane rectangular waveguide, E-plane rectangular waveguide and transition structure; One narrow side of the E-plane rectangular waveguide and one wide side of the H-plane rectangular waveguide are in the same plane; The two end faces of the transition structure are respectively connected to the H-plane rectangular waveguide and the E-plane rectangular waveguide; The transition structure is a hollow columnar body, and the transition structure includes a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch and the second branch form an angle shape in the cross section of the columnar body; The length direction of the first branch is parallel to the length direction of the H-plane rectangular waveguide, and the length of the first branch is less than or equal to the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide. The length direction of the second branch is parallel to the length direction of the E-plane rectangular waveguide, and the length of the second branch is less than or equal to the width of the E-plane rectangular waveguide. The outer corner surface of the transition structure has a chamfer at the connection between the first branch and the second branch.

2. The E-H plane conversion waveguide apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The outer corner surfaces of the transition structure are located on the same plane as one end face of the E-plane rectangular waveguide and the H-plane rectangular waveguide, respectively.

3. The E-H plane conversion waveguide apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the first branch decreases from its connection with the second branch to its end; and / or the thickness of the second branch decreases from its connection with the first branch to its end.

4. The E-H plane conversion waveguide apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The chamfer is either a chamfered angle or a rounded chamfer.

5. The E-H plane conversion waveguide apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The projected length of the transition structure in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction is greater than or equal to half the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide and less than or equal to the width of the H-plane rectangular waveguide.

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