A type of ultra-shortwave airborne passive antenna

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of antenna technology and relates to an airborne passive antenna for ultra-shortwave (UHF). The UHF airborne passive antenna includes an radome, an RF connector, a PCB lower vibrator, vibrator support columns, an antenna mounting base plate, an antenna, a coaxial cable, and an impedance transformer. The radome is mounted on the antenna mounting base plate; the RF connector is located at the bottom of the antenna mounting base plate; the bottom of the PCB lower vibrator is fixedly mounted on the antenna mounting base plate; the inner wall of the radome is provided with vibrator support columns, and the side of the PCB lower vibrator is fixed to the inner wall of the radome through the vibrator support columns. This utility model has the advantages of simple structure, wide operating bandwidth, wide beamwidth, and high gain, while maximizing antenna weight reduction while ensuring sufficient strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically, it relates to an ultra-shortwave airborne passive antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of aviation communications, VHF airborne passive antennas are a key component of airborne communication systems, and their performance directly affects communication quality, signal coverage, and equipment compatibility. Currently, existing VHF airborne passive antennas still face many technical limitations in practical applications: (1) The airborne environment has strict requirements on the size, weight and installation space of the equipment. Traditional antenna structures are mostly rigid and fixed designs, which are difficult to adapt to the curved surfaces of different aircraft or small installation areas. They are prone to installation difficulties or antenna attitude deviation due to space limitations, which affects the stability of signal transmission and reception. (2) In order to meet the multi-band requirements of UHF communication, existing antennas often achieve wideband coverage by increasing the number of radiating elements, but this will lead to an increase in the overall size and weight of the antenna, and signal interference between multiple elements is prone to cause gain loss, especially the signal gain attenuation problem in the high-frequency band, making it difficult to balance wideband coverage and high gain performance. (3) Airborne antennas are exposed to the complex environment at high altitudes for a long time and must withstand multiple stresses such as strong airflow impact, drastic temperature changes, electromagnetic interference and vibration. The existing antenna protection structure (such as the outer cover material and sealing design) is difficult to completely resist the above environmental effects, and is prone to signal attenuation, accelerated component aging or even failure, reducing communication reliability and service life.

[0003] (4) With the development of integrated functions of airborne equipment, the metal radiator and heavy support structure of traditional antennas can ensure mechanical strength, but they are heavy and increase the load on the fuselage. If the material thickness is simply reduced, the structural stability will decrease, making it difficult to balance lightweight and mechanical performance.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of existing VHF airborne passive antennas in terms of spatial adaptability, frequency band gain, environmental adaptability and lightweight integration, there is an urgent need to design a new type of antenna structure to meet the requirements of airborne communication systems for high reliability, strong environmental adaptability and flexible installation. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an ultra-shortwave airborne passive antenna, including an antenna radome, an RF connector, a PCB under-electrode, an under-electrode support column, an antenna mounting base plate, an antenna, a coaxial cable, and an impedance transformer; The radome is mounted on the antenna mounting base plate; the RF connector is located at the bottom of the antenna mounting base plate; The bottom of the PCB under-electrode is fixedly mounted on the antenna mounting base plate; the inner wall of the antenna radome is provided with an under-electrode support column, and the side of the PCB under-electrode is fixed to the inner wall of the antenna radome through the under-electrode support column; The impedance transformer is located at the feed port of the vibrator under the PCB; one end of the coaxial cable is connected to the output port of the impedance transformer, and the other end is connected to the output interface of the RF connector and fixed on the antenna mounting base plate. The antenna mounting base plate has several antenna mounting holes; one end of the antenna is fixed in the antenna mounting hole.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, a waterproof silicone pad is installed between the radome and the antenna mounting base plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the radome is provided with flange holes; the antenna mounting base plate is provided with bolt holes; bolts are installed in the flange holes; the bolts pass through the flange holes and enter the bolt holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the flange holes are evenly distributed along the bottom edge of the radome.

[0010] Furthermore, insulating sleeves are provided at the solder joints between the coaxial cable and the impedance transformer, as well as between the coaxial cable and the RF connector.

[0011] Furthermore, the radome is a one-piece epoxy fiberglass radome.

[0012] Furthermore, the PCB under-electrode includes a PCB board and an antenna vibrator; the antenna vibrator is fixedly mounted on the PCB board; the PCB board is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the antenna cover via vibrator support columns.

[0013] Furthermore, the radome has a knife-shaped shape and an internal cone-shaped angle for drafting.

[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the oscillator under the PCB is provided with an anti-oxidation coating; the impedance transformer is a microstrip line structure, integrated on the PCB board of the oscillator under the PCB, and the input impedance of the impedance transformer is matched with the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: this utility model has the advantages of simple structure, wide operating frequency band, wide beamwidth and high gain, and can maximize the reduction of antenna weight while ensuring sufficient strength. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an airborne passive antenna for ultra-shortwave waves provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the antenna mounting holes on the antenna mounting base plate; Figure 3 The simulation graph shows the antenna standing wave ratio; Figure 4 The radiation distribution of a 30MHz frequency antenna in the horizontal direction; Figure 5 The vertical radiation distribution of a 30MHz antenna; Figure 6 The radiation distribution of a 125MHz antenna in the horizontal direction; Figure 7 The vertical radiation distribution of a 125MHz antenna; Figure 8 The radiation distribution of a 225MHz antenna in the horizontal direction; Figure 9 This represents the vertical radiation distribution of a 225MHz antenna.

[0017] Icons: 1- Antenna cover; 2- RF connector; 3- Under-PCB vibrator; 4- Vibrator support column; 5- Antenna mounting base plate; 6- Waterproof silicone pad; 7- Antenna mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] As an example, see the attached document. Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the above technical problems, this embodiment provides an ultra-shortwave airborne passive antenna, including an antenna radome 1, an RF connector 2, a PCB under-electrode 3, an under-electrode support column 4, an antenna mounting base plate 5, an antenna, a coaxial cable, and an impedance transformer; The antenna cover 1 is mounted on the antenna mounting base plate 5; the radio frequency connector 2 is located at the bottom of the antenna mounting base plate 5. The bottom of the PCB under-electrode 3 is fixedly mounted on the antenna mounting base plate 5; the inner wall of the antenna cover 1 is provided with an under-electrode support column 4, and the side of the PCB under-electrode 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the antenna cover 1 through the under-electrode support column 4. The impedance transformer is located at the feed port of the under-PCB vibrator 3; one end of the coaxial cable is connected to the output port of the impedance transformer, and the other end is connected to the output interface of the RF connector 2 and fixed on the antenna mounting base plate 5. As attached Figure 2As shown, the antenna mounting base plate 5 has several antenna fixing holes 7; one end of the antenna is fixed in the antenna fixing hole 7.

[0020] The antenna element is made using a PCB, a design that ensures both electrical performance and weight reduction. A mounting hole at the bottom of the antenna element matches the antenna mounting base. Screws are used to press the PCB element onto the base, ensuring a secure connection. One end of the coaxial cable is soldered to the impedance transformer output at the feed port, and the other end is soldered to the output interface. The coaxial cable is also fixed to the antenna mounting base to ensure reliable connection.

[0021] This ultra-shortwave airborne passive antenna has the advantages of simple structure, wide operating frequency band, wide beamwidth and high gain, and can maximize the reduction of antenna weight while ensuring sufficient strength.

[0022] As an alternative implementation method, the antenna can be directly installed at a suitable position outside the fuselage through the antenna mounting hole, ensuring that the antenna is securely installed and can adapt to various operating conditions during flight.

[0023] As an alternative implementation, multiple VHF / UHF airborne passive antennas are fixed at suitable locations on the aircraft fuselage to form an antenna array. The coordinated operation of multiple VHF / UHF airborne passive antennas enhances communication and detection performance, meeting more complex airborne requirements.

[0024] As an alternative implementation, an antenna array can be formed by combining multiple antennas in other frequency bands to create an antenna array with a wider coverage frequency.

[0025] Optional, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 As shown, a waterproof silicone pad 6 is provided between the radome 1 and the antenna mounting base plate 5.

[0026] A waterproof seal is achieved through a silicone gasket between the bottom of the radome and the antenna mounting plate. This design creates a closed space between the radome and the mounting plate, enclosing the internal components such as the antenna element within this sealed space. This gives the VHF airborne passive antenna a waterproof function, ensuring its normal operation in humid environments.

[0027] Optionally, the bottom of the radome is provided with a flange hole; the antenna mounting base plate is provided with bolt holes; bolts are provided in the flange hole; the bolts pass through the flange hole and enter the bolt hole.

[0028] The radome has flange holes at the bottom for connecting it to the antenna mounting base. These flange holes are a unique connection feature of the radome. The flange hole design ensures that the radome fits snugly onto the mounting base.

[0029] Optionally, the flange holes are evenly distributed along the bottom edge of the radome.

[0030] Optionally, insulating sleeves are provided at the solder joints between the coaxial cable and the impedance transformer, as well as between the coaxial cable and the RF connector.

[0031] Optionally, the radome is a one-piece epoxy fiberglass radome.

[0032] The radome is made of epoxy fiberglass through a single molding process, with an internal tapered angle to ensure smooth demolding. Optionally, the radome can be designed in a blade shape, with the thickness gradually increasing from one side to the other. This design ensures sufficient strength while minimizing air resistance to meet the requirements of the airborne environment.

[0033] Optionally, the PCB under-electrode includes a PCB board and an antenna vibrator; the antenna vibrator is fixedly mounted on the PCB board; the PCB board is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the antenna radome via vibrator support columns.

[0034] Optionally, the radome is blade-shaped with internal cones for drafting.

[0035] Optionally, the surface of the PCB under-oscillator is provided with an anti-oxidation coating; the impedance transformer is a microstrip line structure, integrated on the PCB board of the PCB under-oscillator, and the input impedance of the impedance transformer is matched with the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable.

[0036] Optionally, the antenna is made of rust-resistant aluminum alloy and epoxy glass cloth to minimize its weight while ensuring sufficient strength, making it ideal for use as an airborne antenna.

[0037] As attached Figure 3 The simulation graph of the antenna VSWR is shown. The horizontal axis represents frequency in MHz, and the vertical axis represents the antenna VSWR.

[0038] As attached Figure 4 The radiation distribution of the 30MHz frequency antenna in the horizontal direction is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 5 The radiation distribution of the 30MHz frequency antenna in the vertical direction is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 6 The radiation distribution of the 125MHz frequency antenna in the horizontal direction is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 7 The radiation distribution of the 125MHz frequency antenna in the vertical direction is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 8 The radiation distribution of the 225MHz frequency antenna in the horizontal direction is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 9 The radiation distribution of the 225MHz frequency antenna in the vertical direction is shown.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An ultra-short wave airborne passive antenna, characterized in that, Includes radome (1), RF connector (2), PCB under element (3), element support column (4), antenna mounting base plate (5), antenna, coaxial cable and impedance transformer; The radome (1) is mounted on the antenna mounting base plate (5); the RF connector (2) is located at the bottom of the antenna mounting base plate (5); The bottom of the PCB under-electrode (3) is fixedly mounted on the antenna mounting base plate (5); the inner wall of the antenna cover (1) is provided with an under-electrode support column (4), and the side of the PCB under-electrode (3) is fixed to the inner wall of the antenna cover (1) through the under-electrode support column (4); The impedance transformer is located at the feed port of the oscillator (3) under the PCB; one end of the coaxial cable is connected to the output port of the impedance transformer, and the other end is connected to the output interface of the RF connector (2) and fixed on the antenna mounting base plate (5); The antenna mounting base plate (5) has several antenna fixing holes (7); one end of the antenna is fixed in the antenna fixing hole (7).

2. The ultra-short wave airborne passive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, A waterproof silicone pad (6) is provided between the radome (1) and the antenna mounting base plate (5).

3. The ultra-short wave airborne passive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna cover (1) has a flange hole at the bottom; the antenna mounting base plate (5) has a bolt hole; a bolt is installed in the flange hole; the bolt passes through the flange hole and enters the bolt hole.

4. The ultra-short wave airborne passive antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flange holes are evenly distributed along the bottom edge of the antenna cover (1).

5. The ultrashort wave onboard passive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Insulating sleeves are installed at the solder joints between the coaxial cable and the impedance transformer, as well as between the coaxial cable and the RF connector.

6. The ultrashort wave onboard passive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radome (1) is an integrated epoxy fiberglass radome.

7. The ultrashort wave onboard passive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB under-electrode (3) includes a PCB board and an antenna vibrator; the antenna vibrator is fixedly mounted on the PCB board; the PCB board is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the antenna cover (1) through the vibrator support column (4).

8. The ultrashort wave onboard passive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radome (1) has a knife-shaped shape and a cone-shaped interior for drafting.

9. The ultrashort wave onboard passive antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the PCB under-oscillator (3) is provided with an anti-oxidation coating; the impedance converter is a microstrip line structure, integrated on the PCB board of the PCB under-oscillator (3), and the input impedance of the impedance converter is matched with the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable.

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