Surge arresters and surge protection systems

Abstract

This invention provides a surge arrester and a surge protection system. The surge arrester includes a surge arrester body (1) and a gap electrode (2). The gap electrode (2) is rotatably mounted on the surge arrester body (1) and can extend or retract relative to the surge arrester body (1). A positioning component is provided on the surge arrester body (1), which can lock the gap electrode (2) when it moves to a preset position. The surge arrester and surge protection system provided by this invention can solve the problem that existing surge arresters lack an efficient gap adjustment mechanism, resulting in high difficulty in gap adjustment and significantly increasing the complexity and danger of gap adjustment work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of surge arrester technology, and more specifically, to a surge arrester and surge protection system. Background Technology

[0002] In AC transmission lines, surge arresters are indispensable overvoltage protection devices, especially in areas with frequent thunderstorms and high soil resistivity. By being configured in series with insulators or air gaps, they can effectively resist lightning strikes, reduce the risk of lightning damage, and ensure the continuity and safety of power transmission.

[0003] An excessively small gap may cause the surge arrester to malfunction under normal operating voltage, while an excessively large gap may prevent the arrester from responding promptly when needed, thus increasing the risk of overvoltage damage to the power system. Properly adjusting the gap ensures that the surge arrester does not affect the normal operation of the line under normal conditions, but can respond quickly to overvoltage caused by lightning strikes, protecting the power system from damage. Adjusting the gap usually requires complete disassembly and reassembly of the equipment; however, existing surge arresters are often large, bulky, and installed in remote and inaccessible locations. Furthermore, the lack of an efficient gap adjustment mechanism significantly increases the difficulty, complexity, and danger of gap adjustment work. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a surge arrester and surge protection system that can solve the problem that existing surge arresters lack an efficient gap adjustment mechanism, which makes gap adjustment difficult and significantly increases the complexity and danger of gap adjustment work.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a surge arrester is provided, including a surge arrester body and a gap electrode. The gap electrode is rotatably mounted on the surge arrester body and can extend or retract relative to the surge arrester body. A positioning component is provided on the surge arrester body, which can lock the gap electrode when the gap electrode moves to a preset position.

[0006] Furthermore, a first mounting base is provided at the first end of the surge arrester body. The first mounting base includes a connecting section and a mounting section. The connecting section is connected to the surge arrester body. The gap electrode is rotatably mounted on the mounting section and can extend or retract relative to the first mounting base.

[0007] Furthermore, a first sliding groove is provided on the gap electrode, and the positioning component includes a first fastener. The first fastener passes through the first sliding groove and is connected to the mounting section. The first fastener can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the first fastener is in the locked state, the gap electrode and the mounting section are relatively fixed. When the first fastener is in the unlocked state, the first fastener can slide along the first sliding groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a second slide groove is provided on the mounting section, and the positioning component includes a second fastener. The second fastener passes through the first slide groove and the second slide groove and can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the second fastener is in the locked state, the gap electrode is relatively fixed to the mounting section. When the second fastener is in the unlocked state, the second fastener can slide along the first slide groove and the second slide groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a first groove is provided on the gap electrode, and the positioning component includes a first fastener. The first fastener passes through the first groove and is connected to the mounting section. The gap electrode can rotate around the first fastener. A second groove is also provided on the mounting section. The positioning component includes a second fastener. The second fastener passes through the first groove and the second groove and can simultaneously lock the extension and rotation positions of the gap electrode.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, a lightning protection system is also provided, including a surge arrester and an insulator. The surge arrester includes a gap electrode and a surge arrester body. The gap between the gap electrode and the insulator is a discharge gap. An adjustment component is provided at the first end of the insulator, and a second mounting base is provided at the second end of the surge arrester body. The adjustment component is connected to the second mounting base. The adjustment component can adjust the relative position between the surge arrester and the insulator to adjust the discharge gap. The surge arrester is the surge arrester described above.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a third mounting base disposed at the first end of the insulator. The first end of the third mounting base is connected to the second mounting base. The third mounting base is capable of moving along the extension direction to move the surge arrester closer to or away from the insulator.

[0012] Furthermore, the second mounting base is provided with a connecting part, and the surge arrester is provided with a third fastener. The third fastener passes through the connecting part and is connected to the third mounting base. The connecting part can rotate around the third fastener to adjust the discharge gap.

[0013] Furthermore, a counterweight is provided at the end of the third mounting base furthest from the surge arrester.

[0014] Furthermore, a fourth fastener is provided on the third mounting base, and a third sliding groove is provided on the connecting part. The fourth fastener passes through the third sliding groove and is connected to the third mounting base. The fourth fastener can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the fourth fastener is in the locked state, the connecting part is relatively fixed to the third mounting base. When the fourth fastener is in the unlocked state, the fourth fastener can slide along the third sliding groove to adjust the rotation position of the connecting part.

[0015] Furthermore, the second end of the insulator is provided with an arc-drawing angle, at least one end of which points to the gap electrode, and the gap between the gap electrode and the arc-drawing angle is the discharge gap.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of this utility model, the surge arrester body is used to absorb and guide the energy of lightning overvoltage, protecting the power system from overvoltage damage. The gap electrode, through its rotation and extension functions, enables on-site adjustment of the discharge gap distance. By adjusting the gap electrode, the surge arrester can adapt to different voltage conditions and geographical environments of different power systems, providing more precise protection. The surge arrester provided by this utility model, by setting a retractable and rotatable gap electrode, allows for adjustment of the distance between the surge arrester and the protected equipment without removing the equipment. Combined with a remote control system, it can also achieve remote automatic or semi-automatic discharge gap adjustment, thus forming an efficient gap adjustment mechanism and significantly reducing the difficulty and complexity of gap adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the surge arrester of this utility model is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A front view of the surge arrester of this utility model is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A side view of the surge arrester of this utility model is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A top view of the surge arrester of this utility model is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A front view of the lightning protection system according to the first embodiment of this utility model is shown;

[0023] Figure 6 A front view of the lightning protection system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 7 A front view of a lightning protection system according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown; and

[0025] Figure 8 A front view of the lightning protection system according to the fourth embodiment of this utility model is shown.

[0026] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Surge arrester body; 11. First mounting base; 111. Connecting section; 112. Mounting section; 113. Second slide rail; 12. Second mounting base; 121. Third slide rail; 122. Connecting part; 2. Gap electrode; 21. First slide rail; 3. First fastener; 4. Second fastener; 5. Grounding clamp; 6. Insulator; 71. Third mounting base; 72. Third fastener; 73. Fourth fastener; 8. Counterweight; 9. Arc angle. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this utility model provides a surge arrester, including a surge arrester body 1 and a gap electrode 2. The gap electrode 2 is rotatably mounted on the surge arrester body 1 and can extend or retract relative to the surge arrester body 1. A positioning component is provided on the surge arrester body 1, which can lock the gap electrode 2 when it moves to a preset position.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the surge arrester body 1 is used to absorb and guide the energy of lightning overvoltage, protecting the power system from overvoltage damage. The gap electrode, through its rotation and extension / retraction functions, enables on-site adjustment of the discharge gap distance. By adjusting the gap electrode, the surge arrester can adapt to different voltage conditions and geographical environments of different power systems, providing more precise protection.

[0031] The surge arrester provided by this utility model, by setting a retractable and rotatable gap electrode, allows the distance between the surge arrester and the protected equipment to be adjusted without removing the equipment. Combined with a remote control system, it can also realize remote automatic or semi-automatic discharge gap adjustment, thus forming an efficient gap adjustment mechanism and significantly reducing the difficulty and complexity of gap adjustment.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first mounting base 11 is provided at the first end of the surge arrester body 1. The first mounting base 11 includes a connecting section 111 and a mounting section 112. The connecting section 111 is connected to the surge arrester body 1. The gap electrode 2 is rotatably mounted on the mounting section 112 and can extend or retract relative to the first mounting base 11.

[0033] In the above technical solution, the first mounting base 11 is used to fix and support the gap electrode 2. The first mounting base 11 includes a connecting section 111 and a mounting section 112. The connecting section 111 serves to firmly connect the first mounting base 11 to the surge arrester body 1, ensuring the mechanical strength and electrical continuity between the first mounting base 11 and the surge arrester body 1. The mounting section 112 is used to support the gap electrode 2 and, as part of the gap electrode adjustment mechanism, provides the structural foundation required for the rotation of the gap electrode 2, and supports the gap electrode 2 to achieve the functions of rotation, extension, or retraction.

[0034] In one embodiment of this utility model, a first sliding groove 21 is provided on the gap electrode 2, and the positioning component includes a first fastener 3. The first fastener 3 typically includes parts such as bolts. The first fastener 3 passes through the first sliding groove 21 and is connected to the mounting section 112. The first fastener 3 can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the first fastener 3 is in the locked state, the gap electrode 2 and the mounting section 112 are relatively fixed. When the first fastener 3 is in the unlocked state, the first fastener 3 can slide along the first sliding groove 21.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the first slide groove 21 is used to guide and limit the sliding of the first fastener 3. When adjusting the position of the gap electrode 2, the first fastener 3 is loosened to be in the unlocked state. At this time, the gap electrode 2 can be rotated to rotate around the first fastener 3, thereby adjusting the extension angle of the gap electrode 2 relative to the first mounting base 11. At the same time, the gap electrode 2 can be pushed to make the first fastener 3 slide along the slide groove 21, adjusting the extension and retraction position of the gap electrode 2, thereby adjusting the discharge gap. After the gap electrode 2 is adjusted to the desired position, the first fastener 3 is tightened to be in the locked state, thereby pressing the gap electrode 2 onto the mounting section 112, realizing the locking and fixing of the gap electrode 2. Through the cooperation of the first slide groove 21 and the first fastener 3, the operator can quickly adjust the discharge gap without disassembling the surge arrester, significantly improving the convenience and efficiency of discharge gap adjustment.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, a second slide groove 113 is further provided on the mounting section 112, and the positioning component includes a second fastener 4. The second fastener 4 passes through the first slide groove 21 and the second slide groove 113 and can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the second fastener 4 is in the locked state, the gap electrode 2 is relatively fixed to the mounting section 112. When the second fastener 4 is in the unlocked state, the second fastener 4 can slide along the first slide groove 21 and the second slide groove 113.

[0037] In the above technical solution, the second slide groove 113 is used to guide and limit the sliding of the second fastener 4. The second slide groove 113 is set as an arc groove, which can cooperate with the second fastener 4 to limit the rotation of the gap electrode 2, and at the same time improve the precision of the rotation angle adjustment of the gap electrode 2.

[0038] The second fastener 4 typically includes bolts and other components. The second fastener 4 passes through both the first slide groove 21 and the second slide groove 113. When adjusting the position of the gap electrode 2, the first fastener 3 and the second fastener 4 are loosened. At this time, the gap electrode 2 can be rotated, causing it to rotate around the first fastener 3. Simultaneously, the second fastener 4 moves along the slide groove 113, thereby adjusting the extension angle of the gap electrode 2 relative to the first mounting base 11. Through the cooperation of the second fastener 4 and the second slide groove 113, the extreme position of the rotation of the gap electrode 2 can be limited, preventing the gap electrode 2 from rotating too far and deviating from the protection position, thus preventing the overvoltage from being guided. Simultaneously, the gap electrode 2 can be pushed, causing the first fastener 3 and the second fastener 4 to slide along the slide groove 21, adjusting the extension and retraction position of the gap electrode 2, thereby adjusting the discharge gap. After adjusting the gap electrode 2 to the desired position, the first fastener 3 and the second fastener 4 are tightened to lock the two fasteners, thereby pressing the gap electrode 2 onto the mounting section 112, achieving the locking and fixing of the gap electrode 2.

[0039] In one embodiment of this utility model, a first sliding groove 21 is provided on the gap electrode 2, and the positioning component includes a first fastener 3, which passes through the first sliding groove 21 and is connected to the mounting section 112. The gap electrode 2 can rotate around the first fastener 3. A second sliding groove 113 is also provided on the mounting section 112. The positioning component includes a second fastener 4, which passes through the first sliding groove 21 and the second sliding groove 113 and can simultaneously lock the extension and rotation positions of the gap electrode 2.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the first fastener 3 connects the gap electrode 2 to the mounting section 112 and provides a fulcrum for the rotation of the gap electrode 2, allowing the gap electrode 2 to rotate around the first fastener 3 to adjust its extension angle. The second fastener 4 passes through the first slide groove 21 and the second slide groove 113 and can simultaneously lock the extension and rotation positions of the gap electrode 2. When adjusting the position of the gap electrode 2, the second fastener 4 is loosened, allowing the gap electrode 2 to rotate around the first fastener 3. Simultaneously, the second fastener 4 moves along the slide groove 113, thereby adjusting the extension angle of the gap electrode 2 relative to the first mounting base 11. Through the cooperation of the second fastener 4 and the second slide groove 113, the extreme position of the rotation of the gap electrode 2 can be limited, preventing the gap electrode 2 from rotating too much and deviating from the protection position, thus preventing the failure to guide overvoltage. While adjusting the extension angle by rotating the gap electrode 2, the gap electrode 2 can be pushed and pulled, causing the first fastener 3 and the second fastener 4 to slide along the first slide groove 21, thereby adjusting the extension and retraction position of the gap electrode 2 and thus adjusting the discharge gap. After adjusting the gap electrode 2 to the desired position, tightening the second fastener 4 enters the locking state, thereby pressing the gap electrode 2 onto the mounting section 112 and locking the extension and retraction positions and rotation positions of the gap electrode 2, thus achieving the locking and fixing of the gap electrode 2.

[0041] In one embodiment of this utility model, the surge arrester body 1 includes an outer composite jacket, which is made of silicone rubber, ceramic, or dummy molding compound (DMC) or epoxy resin, giving the surge arrester body 1 better insulation performance.

[0042] In one embodiment of this utility model, the gap electrode 2 can be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy to ensure a smooth surface. At the same time, a small amount of conductive grease can be applied to the discharge surface to enhance its conductivity, ensuring that the gap electrode 2 maintains high mechanical strength while having good conductivity.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this utility model provides a lightning protection system, including a surge arrester and an insulator 6. The surge arrester includes a gap electrode 2 and a surge arrester body 1. The gap between the gap electrode 2 and the insulator 6 is a discharge gap. An adjustment component is provided at the first end of the insulator 6, and a second mounting base 12 is provided at the second end of the surge arrester body 1. The adjustment component is connected to the second mounting base 12. The adjustment component can adjust the relative position between the surge arrester and the insulator 6 to adjust the discharge gap. The surge arrester is the surge arrester of the above embodiment.

[0044] In the above technical solution, insulator 6 is used to install and fix cables and achieve electrical insulation, surge arrester is used to absorb and guide the energy of lightning overvoltage, protecting the power system from overvoltage damage, the gap between gap electrode 2 and insulator 6 is the discharge gap, and the adjustment assembly is used to adjust the relative position between the surge arrester and insulator 6 to adjust the discharge gap. The cooperation between the adjustment assembly and the second mounting base 12 simplifies the installation and maintenance process of the surge arrester. Maintenance personnel only need to operate the adjustment assembly to quickly adjust the size of the discharge gap without disassembling the surge arrester, improving work efficiency and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0045] In one embodiment of this utility model, a grounding clamp 5 is provided on the second mounting base 12.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the main function of the grounding clamp 5 is to ensure the electrical connection between the surge arrester body and the grounding system. When the surge arrester operates, the grounding clamp quickly conducts the lightning energy absorbed by the surge arrester into the ground, thereby protecting the power system from overvoltage damage.

[0047] In one embodiment of this utility model, by using the surge arrester of the above embodiment, the discharge gap distance adjustment range is 150mm to 300mm, which is a larger discharge gap adjustment range than conventional line surge arresters, thereby enabling a more reliable discharge voltage threshold to be adjusted and ensuring the safety of transmission lines.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment component includes a third mounting base 71, which is disposed at the first end of the insulator 6. The first end of the third mounting base 71 is connected to the second mounting base 12. The third mounting base 71 can move along the extension direction to drive the surge arrester closer to or away from the insulator 6.

[0049] In the above technical solution, the third mounting base 71 is used to connect the surge arrester and the insulator 6. At the same time, the third mounting base 71 can move along the extension direction, so that the surge arrester can move in a specific direction relative to the insulator as the third mounting base 71 moves, thereby changing the discharge gap between the surge arrester and the insulator 6 to adapt to different power system protection needs. Combined with the angle adjustment mechanism between the gap electrode 2 and the surge arrester body 1 in the surge arrester, the discharge gap adjustment range is further increased, and the flexibility and convenience of discharge gap adjustment are improved.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, a connecting part 122 is provided on the second mounting base 12, and a third fastener 72 is provided on the surge arrester. The third fastener 72 passes through the connecting part 122 and is connected to the third mounting base 71. The connecting part 122 can rotate around the third fastener 72 to adjust the discharge gap.

[0051] In the above technical solution, the connecting part 122 is used to connect the second mounting base 12 and the third mounting base 71. The third fastener 72 typically includes bolts and other parts. The third fastener 72 passes through the connecting part 122 and is connected to the third mounting base 71, providing a fulcrum for the rotation of the connecting part 122. This allows the connecting part 122 to rotate around the third fastener 72, thereby quickly adjusting the discharge gap and significantly reducing the difficulty of adjusting the discharge gap. After adjustment, tightening the third fastener 72 can lock and fix the connecting part 122, keeping the position of the connecting part 122 and the surge arrester connected to it relative to the insulator fixed.

[0052] In one embodiment of this utility model, a counterweight 8 is provided at the end of the third mounting base 71 away from the surge arrester.

[0053] In the above technical solution, the counterweight 8 is located at the end of the third mounting base 71 furthest from the surge arrester. Its main function is to balance the stability of the surge arrester when adjusting its position by increasing its mass. Especially during the adjustment of the discharge gap, the weight distribution of the counterweight can effectively counteract the tilting torque generated by the position change of the surge arrester body, ensuring the stability and positioning accuracy of the surge arrester during the adjustment process.

[0054] In one embodiment of this utility model, a fourth fastener 73 is further provided on the third mounting base 71, and a third sliding groove 121 is provided on the connecting part 122. The fourth fastener 73 passes through the third sliding groove 121 and is connected to the third mounting base 71. The fourth fastener 73 can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the fourth fastener 73 is in the locked state, the connecting part 122 and the third mounting base 71 are relatively fixed. When the fourth fastener 73 is in the unlocked state, the fourth fastener 73 can slide along the third sliding groove 121 to adjust the rotation position of the connecting part 122.

[0055] In the above technical solution, the third slide groove 121 is used to guide and limit the sliding of the fourth fastener 73. The fourth fastener 73 typically includes bolts and other parts. When adjusting the position of the connecting part 122, the fourth fastener 73 is loosened to the unlocked state. At this time, the connecting part 122 can be rotated to rotate around the third fastener 72, thereby adjusting the angle of the connecting part 122 relative to the insulator 6, and thus adjusting the discharge gap. After the connecting part 122 is adjusted to the desired position, the fourth fastener 73 is tightened to the locked state, thereby pressing the connecting part 122 onto the third mounting base 71, achieving locking and fixing of the connecting part 122. Through the cooperation of the third slide groove 121 and the fourth fastener 73, the operator can quickly adjust the discharge gap without disassembling the surge arrester, significantly improving the convenience and efficiency of discharge gap adjustment.

[0056] In one embodiment of this utility model, the second end of the insulator 6 is provided with an arc-suspension angle 9, at least one end of the arc-suspension angle 9 points to the gap electrode 2, and the gap between the gap electrode 2 and the arc-suspension angle 9 is a discharge gap.

[0057] In the above technical solution, the function of the arc-guiding angle 9 is to guide the electric arc generated by lightning or overvoltage toward the discharge gap of the gap electrode 2, thereby ensuring that the surge arrester can respond quickly and effectively discharge the overvoltage energy to the ground in the event of lightning strike or overvoltage, and protect the power equipment from damage.

[0058] In one embodiment of this utility model, a high-gradient resistor is provided inside the surge arrester. The voltage gradient of the high-gradient resistor is 270V / mm to 290V / mm, while the voltage gradient of a conventional gradient resistor is 200V / mm to 220V / mm. By using a paste-like resistor, the volume and weight of the composite surge arrester can be significantly reduced, reducing the volume and weight of the surge arrester to one-quarter to one-fifth of that of a conventional surge arrester, thus achieving a lightweight design of the surge arrester.

[0059] In one embodiment of this invention, 6061 aluminum alloy is used as the substrate for the gap electrode 2, which has superior conductivity and current carrying capacity compared to the conventional Q235 hot-dip galvanized material used for the gap electrode 2. Therefore, when lightning or switching overvoltage occurs, the current can be rapidly conducted to the resistor element of the surge arrester through the 6061 aluminum alloy gap electrode 2. A small portion of the energy is absorbed by the resistor element, and most of the lightning current is discharged to the ground within tens of microseconds, significantly reducing the risk of flashover breakdown of the protected equipment.

[0060] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of this utility model achieve the following technical effects: The surge arrester body 1 is used to absorb and guide the energy of lightning overvoltage, protecting the power system from overvoltage damage. The gap electrode, through its rotation and extension functions, realizes on-site adjustment of the discharge gap distance. By adjusting the gap electrode, the surge arrester can adapt to different voltage conditions and geographical environment conditions of different power systems, providing more precise protection. The surge arrester provided by this utility model, by setting a retractable and rotatable gap electrode, allows for adjustment of the distance between the surge arrester and the protected equipment without removing the equipment. Combined with a remote control system, it can also realize remote automatic or semi-automatic discharge gap adjustment, thereby forming an efficient gap adjustment mechanism and significantly reducing the difficulty and complexity of gap adjustment.

[0061] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0062] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A surge arrester, characterized by, The device includes a surge arrester body (1) and a gap electrode (2). The gap electrode (2) is rotatably mounted on the surge arrester body (1) and can extend or retract relative to the surge arrester body (1). The surge arrester body (1) is provided with a positioning component, which can lock the gap electrode (2) when the gap electrode (2) moves to a preset position.

2. The surge arrester of claim 1, wherein The first end of the surge arrester body (1) is provided with a first mounting base (11). The first mounting base (11) includes a connecting section (111) and a mounting section (112). The connecting section (111) is connected to the surge arrester body (1). The gap electrode (2) is rotatably disposed on the mounting section (112) and can extend or retract relative to the first mounting base (11).

3. The surge arrester of claim 2, wherein The gap electrode (2) is provided with a first slide groove (21), and the positioning component includes a first fastener (3). The first fastener (3) passes through the first slide groove (21) and is connected to the mounting section (112). The first fastener (3) can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the first fastener (3) is in the locked state, the gap electrode (2) and the mounting section (112) are relatively fixed. When the first fastener (3) is in the unlocked state, the first fastener (3) can slide along the first slide groove (21).

4. The surge arrester of claim 3, wherein The mounting section (112) is also provided with a second slide groove (113). The positioning component includes a second fastener (4). The second fastener (4) passes through the first slide groove (21) and the second slide groove (113) and can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the second fastener (4) is in the locked state, the gap electrode (2) is fixed relative to the mounting section (112). When the second fastener (4) is in the unlocked state, the second fastener (4) can slide along the first slide groove (21) and the second slide groove (113).

5. The surge arrester of claim 2, wherein The gap electrode (2) is provided with a first slide groove (21). The positioning component includes a first fastener (3), which passes through the first slide groove (21) and is connected to the mounting section (112). The gap electrode (2) can rotate around the first fastener (3). The mounting section (112) is also provided with a second slide groove (113). The positioning component includes a second fastener (4), which passes through the first slide groove (21) and the second slide groove (113) and can simultaneously lock the extension and rotation positions of the gap electrode (2).

6. A lightning protection system characterized by, The device includes a surge arrester and an insulator (6). The surge arrester includes a gap electrode (2) and a surge arrester body (1). The gap between the gap electrode (2) and the insulator (6) is a discharge gap. An adjustment component is provided at the first end of the insulator (6). A second mounting base (12) is provided at the second end of the surge arrester body (1). The adjustment component is connected to the second mounting base (12). The adjustment component can adjust the relative position between the surge arrester and the insulator (6) to adjust the discharge gap. The surge arrester is the surge arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The lightning protection system of claim 6, wherein, The adjustment assembly includes a third mounting base (71) disposed at the first end of the insulator (6). The first end of the third mounting base (71) is connected to the second mounting base (12). The third mounting base (71) is capable of moving along the extension direction to move the surge arrester closer to or away from the insulator (6).

8. The lightning protection system of claim 7, wherein, The second mounting base (12) is provided with a connecting part (122), the surge arrester is provided with a third fastener (72), the third fastener (72) passes through the connecting part (122) and is connected to the third mounting base (71), the connecting part (122) can rotate around the third fastener (72) to adjust the discharge gap; and / or, the end of the third mounting base (71) away from the surge arrester is provided with a counterweight part (8).

9. The lightning protection system of claim 8, wherein, The third mounting base (71) is also provided with a fourth fastener (73), and the connecting part (122) is provided with a third sliding groove (121). The fourth fastener (73) passes through the third sliding groove (121) and is connected to the third mounting base (71). The fourth fastener (73) can switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. When the fourth fastener (73) is in the locked state, the connecting part (122) and the third mounting base (71) are relatively fixed. When the fourth fastener (73) is in the unlocked state, the fourth fastener (73) can slide along the third sliding groove (121) to adjust the rotation position of the connecting part (122).

10. The lightning protection system of claim 6, wherein, The second end of the insulator (6) is provided with an arc angle (9), at least one end of the arc angle (9) points to the gap electrode (2), and the gap between the gap electrode (2) and the arc angle (9) is the discharge gap.

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