A marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of short-circuit fault detection technology, specifically relating to a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBTs, including a main circuit module, a control module, and a protection module. The main circuit module includes an input terminal, a main circuit breaker CB1, an IGBT switching module, and an output terminal connected in series. The main circuit breaker CB1 is connected to the input terminal, and an auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 is connected in series between the IGBT switching module and the output terminal. The control module includes an IGBT driver and a controller. The output terminal of the IGBT driver is electrically connected to the IGBT switching module, and the output terminal of the controller is electrically connected to the input terminal of the IGBT driver. The protection module includes a voltage acquisition module, an overvoltage protection element, and a resonant branch. By controlling the main circuit breaker CB1 and the auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 to open, and by controlling the IGBT switching module to respond quickly through the IGBT driver, the system current in the main circuit is quickly transferred to the two sets of IGBT branches. The overvoltage protection element MOV consumes the energy stored in the system, reducing the current to zero, thus completing the interruption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of short-circuit fault detection technology, specifically relating to a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT. Background Technology

[0002] DC power systems in shipboard integrated power systems are increasingly used due to their high efficiency and performance. However, the design of protection systems for shipboard DC power systems faces the challenge that traditional fault detection and protection technologies based on conventional circuit breakers are no longer applicable. On the low-voltage DC side of the shipboard integrated power system, DC circuit breakers are required as fault protection devices for downstream inverters, demanding millisecond-level protection action times. Failure to quickly disconnect the circuit will lead to a surge in system fault current and a drop in DC bus voltage, affecting the reliable operation of other load devices on the bus. During a short circuit, the energy stored in capacitors is rapidly released to the short-circuit point, with released currents reaching thousands to tens of thousands of amperes, potentially damaging capacitors or other equipment and increasing the current intensity at the fault point. To maintain the DC bus voltage within the normal range during a short-circuit fault, rapid fault disconnection is necessary to ensure the normal operation of other equipment on the bus. This places high demands on the speed of DC circuit breakers.

[0003] Currently, DC solid-state circuit breaker technology based on power electronic devices for breaking fault circuits is constantly developing. However, DC solid-state circuit breaker technologies and strategies vary, and a unified solution has not yet been formed. The lack of fast and reliable DC circuit breakers restricts the engineering implementation of integrated power systems. In view of this, this utility model proposes a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBTs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technology, this utility model provides a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT includes a main circuit module, a control module, and a protection module. Furthermore, the main circuit module includes an input terminal, a main circuit breaker CB1, an IGBT switch module, and an output terminal connected in series. The main circuit breaker CB1 is connected to the input terminal, and an auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 is connected in series between the IGBT switch module and the output terminal. Furthermore, the control module includes an IGBT driver and a controller, wherein the output terminal of the IGBT driver is electrically connected to the IGBT switching module, and the output terminal of the controller is electrically connected to the input terminal of the IGBT driver. Furthermore, the protection module includes a voltage acquisition module, an overvoltage protection element, and a resonant branch; the acquisition end of the voltage acquisition module is connected to the output end, and its signal output end is connected to the signal input end of the controller; the overvoltage protection element is a metal oxide varistor (MOV), one end of which is connected to the input end of the main circuit module, and the other end is connected to the input end of the voltage acquisition module; a resonant branch is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main circuit breaker CB1, and the resonant branch includes a capacitor C2, a thyristor T1, and an inductor L3 connected in series.

[0006] Furthermore, the IGBT switching module includes two IGBT branches, namely a first IGBT branch and a second IGBT branch. The first IGBT branch is composed of IGBT switches (QA1, QA2) and inductor L1 connected in series, and the second IGBT branch is composed of IGBT switches (QA2, QA3) and inductor L2 connected in series. The first IGBT branch and the second IGBT branch are connected in parallel.

[0007] Furthermore, the overvoltage protection element MOV is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main circuit breaker CB1.

[0008] Furthermore, the IGBT switching module adopts a full-bridge topology connection, and the gate of each IGBT device is electrically connected to the output terminal of the IGBT driver, and each IGBT device is connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode.

[0009] Furthermore, the controller is a microprocessor with built-in overcurrent protection algorithms and delay control modules.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a voltage acquisition module, which is connected in series in the main circuit module, and its signal output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller.

[0011] Furthermore, both the main circuit breaker CB1 and the auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 are DC circuit breakers, and their rated current is not less than the maximum operating current of the main circuit module.

[0012] For marine DC power systems with zoned power supply, a short-circuit fault in any zone, if not quickly disconnected, will affect the power supply to other healthy zones. To ensure power continuity and reliability, this invention requires a short-circuit detection and fault diagnosis time response of tens of microseconds, without failure or false tripping. This places very high demands on the detection system. Through a design for rapid detection and short-circuit fault diagnosis, the switching device can quickly and accurately determine the fault and disconnect the main switch, allowing for rapid energy exchange or release within the system. This is the key technology of this invention.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: 1. In the event of a short circuit fault, this utility model controls the main circuit breaker CB1 and the auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 to disconnect via a controller, and controls the IGBT switching module to respond quickly via an IGBT driver, rapidly transferring the system current in the main circuit to the two IGBT branches, and dissipating the energy stored in the system through the overvoltage protection element MOV, reducing the current to zero, thus completing the disconnection. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the DC solid-state breaking circuit structure of an embodiment of a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT according to this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the resonant branch circuit of an embodiment of a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT according to this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the IGBT switching module circuit of an embodiment of a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this utility model, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0017] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating the connection relationship between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. Example

[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a marine DC solid-state circuit breaker based on IGBT includes a main circuit module, a control module, and a protection module. Furthermore, the main circuit module includes an input terminal, a main circuit breaker CB1, an IGBT switch module, and an output terminal connected in series. The main circuit breaker CB1 is connected to the input terminal, and an auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 is connected in series between the IGBT switch module and the output terminal. Furthermore, the control module includes an IGBT driver and a controller, wherein the output terminal of the IGBT driver is electrically connected to the IGBT switching module, and the output terminal of the controller is electrically connected to the input terminal of the IGBT driver. Furthermore, the protection module includes a voltage acquisition module, an overvoltage protection element, and a resonant branch; the acquisition end of the voltage acquisition module is connected to the output end, and its signal output end is connected to the signal input end of the controller; the overvoltage protection element is a metal oxide varistor (MOV), one end of which is connected to the input end of the main circuit module, and the other end is connected to the input end of the voltage acquisition module; a resonant branch is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main circuit breaker CB1, and the resonant branch includes a capacitor C2, a thyristor T1, and an inductor L3 connected in series.

[0020] Furthermore, the IGBT switching module includes two IGBT branches, namely a first IGBT branch and a second IGBT branch. The first IGBT branch is composed of IGBT switches (QA1, QA2) and inductor L1 connected in series, and the second IGBT branch is composed of IGBT switches (QA2, QA3) and inductor L2 connected in series. The first IGBT branch and the second IGBT branch are connected in parallel.

[0021] Furthermore, the overvoltage protection element MOV is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main circuit breaker CB1.

[0022] Furthermore, the IGBT switching module adopts a full-bridge topology connection, and the gate of each IGBT device is electrically connected to the output terminal of the IGBT driver, and each IGBT device is connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode.

[0023] Furthermore, the controller is a microprocessor with built-in overcurrent protection algorithms and delay control modules.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a voltage acquisition module, which is connected in series in the main circuit module, and its signal output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the controller.

[0025] Furthermore, both the main circuit breaker CB1 and the auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 are DC circuit breakers, and their rated current is not less than the maximum operating current of the main circuit module.

[0026] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the working principle is as follows: When a load short-circuit fault occurs, the controller controls the main circuit breaker CB1 and the auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 to open, and the IGBT driver controls the IGBT switching module to respond quickly, rapidly transferring the system current in the main circuit to the two IGBT branches. At this time, the pre-charged capacitor C2 discharges into the inductor L3. The high-frequency magnetic field generated by the discharge causes the arc voltage in the main circuit module to be unstable, and the current oscillates in the main circuit and the IGBT branches. After several cycles of oscillation, the current at the break point crosses zero, the arc is extinguished, and the system current is completely transferred from the main circuit to the IGBT branches. The current transferred to the IGBT branches begins to charge capacitor C1. The voltage of the transfer capacitor C1 gradually increases and is applied to the main circuit breakers CB1 and CB2. When the voltage of the transfer capacitor reaches the threshold of the MOV, the MOV is turned on, and the system current flows through the IGBT branches to dissipate energy. The MOV consumes the energy stored in the system, and finally the current drops to zero, completing the breaking.

[0027] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior art, fully achievable by those skilled in the art, and require no further explanation. The content protected by this application does not involve improvements to the software or methods. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field to which this utility model pertains prior to the application date or priority date, are able to access all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. An IGBT-based marine DC solid state circuit breaker, characterized by, The main circuit module, the control module and the protection module are included. The main circuit module includes an input end, a main circuit breaker CB1, an IGBT switch module and an output end connected in series. The control module includes an IGBT driver and a controller. The protection module includes a voltage acquisition module, an overvoltage protection element and a resonance branch.

2. The IGBT-based marine DC solid state circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The IGBT switch module includes two groups of IGBT branches, i.e., a first IGBT branch and a second IGBT branch.

3. An IGBT-based DC solid state circuit breaker for marine use according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overvoltage protection element MOV is connected in parallel to the main circuit breaker CB1.

4. The IGBT-based marine DC solid state circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that, The IGBT switch module adopts a full-bridge topology structure, and the gate of each IGBT device is electrically connected to the output end of the IGBT driver.

5. An IGBT-based DC solid state circuit breaker for marine use according to claim 4, characterized in that, The controller is a microprocessor with an overcurrent protection algorithm and a delay control module.

6. An IGBT-based DC solid state circuit breaker for marine use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition module is connected in series in the main circuit module, and the signal output end thereof is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller.

7. An IGBT-based DC solid state circuit breaker for marine use according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main circuit breaker CB1 and the auxiliary circuit breaker CB2 are DC circuit breakers with a rated current not less than the maximum working current of the main circuit module.

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