A car starter capacitor module with protection circuit

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automotive starting capacitor module with a protection circuit, relating to the field of automotive electronics technology. It includes a heat-dissipating and insulating protective shell, inside which an electrically connected energy storage module and a supercapacitor module protection module are installed. The energy storage module consists of five supercapacitors connected in series, with positive and negative leads connected to the automotive battery. The supercapacitor module protection module includes a circuit board, a supercapacitor interface, a reverse connection protection chip, and an overvoltage protection unit. The reverse connection protection chip uses an N-MOS reverse connection protection circuit. The overvoltage protection unit includes five bleeder MOSFETs corresponding to the supercapacitors and bleeder resistors. Aluminum insulating heat sinks are provided on the bleeder MOSFETs, and these heat sinks are in thermally conductive contact with the inner wall of the heat-dissipating and insulating protective shell. This utility model, by integrating an N-MOS reverse connection protection circuit and a BW6101-based overvoltage protection chip, effectively prevents dangerous situations such as reverse connection and overvoltage, protecting both the power supply itself and the vehicle's circuitry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive electronics technology, specifically to an automotive starter capacitor module with a protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic start-stop technology, as an energy-saving and environmentally friendly feature, is gradually becoming a standard feature of many car brands. However, while bringing convenience to car owners, this technology inevitably has a certain impact on car batteries. Because this function frequently starts and stops the engine while the vehicle is in motion, the car battery (usually an AGM battery) is under increased load during the continuous charging and discharging process, resulting in a significant reduction in battery life to about one and a half years. The damage to the battery is even more obvious when using automatic start-stop for a long time in high-temperature environments.

[0003] Supercapacitors have advantages such as low internal resistance, fast charging and discharging speed, and long cycle life, making them theoretically very suitable as starting auxiliary power sources. However, the operating voltage of a car alternator is not absolutely stable, especially under fault conditions, which may generate abnormally high voltage. If, during the charging process, uneven voltage or continuous floating charging causes the voltage of one or more capacitors to exceed their maximum withstand voltage, it can easily lead to serious safety accidents such as decomposition of the electrolyte inside the capacitor, bulging, or even explosion. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automotive starting capacitor module with a protection circuit to solve problems in the prior art, such as the inability to start the car due to insufficient current and the safety accidents caused by overvoltage when the supercapacitor is connected to the car battery.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a car starting capacitor module with a protection circuit, comprising a heat dissipation and insulation protective shell, wherein an energy storage module and a supercapacitor module protection module are electrically connected inside the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell, the energy storage module is composed of five supercapacitors connected in series, and leads out a positive line and a negative line connected to the car battery.

[0006] The supercapacitor module protection module includes a circuit board, a supercapacitor interface, a reverse connection protection chip, and an overvoltage protection unit. The reverse connection protection chip adopts an N-MOS reverse connection protection circuit, and an overvoltage protection chip is installed on the back of the circuit board.

[0007] The overvoltage protection unit includes five bleeder MOSFETs and bleeder resistors, each corresponding to a supercapacitor. The bleeder MOSFETs are equipped with aluminum insulating heat sinks.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell is an aluminum shell with an open top. The heat dissipation and insulation protective shell has symmetrical docking slots on the top of the left and right side plates along the length direction. The top of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell is provided with a cover plate, which is movably inserted into the docking slot to seal the top of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell.

[0009] Furthermore, the core component of the reverse connection protection chip is an I RLR7843 field-effect transistor. Its gate is connected to the positive power supply through a resistor, its drain is connected to GND, and its source is connected to the overvoltage protection unit. The overvoltage protection chip adopts the BW6101 chip design. The VDD pin of the overvoltage protection chip is connected to the positive power supply, its GND pin is connected to the negative terminal of the capacitor it protects, its SEL pin is the selection pin, which is connected to the high level through a 1K resistor R1, and its IOUT pin is the bleed pin, which is connected to a bleed MOSFET to expand its bleed capability.

[0010] Furthermore, the bleeder MOSFET is model CSD18532 and is a through-hole component. The bleeder MOSFET is integrally formed from a semiconductor chip and a heat sink. The gate and source of the bleeder MOSFET are connected through a 1K resistor R6, and the drain of the bleeder MOSFET is connected to the bleeder resistor. The body of the bleeder MOSFET is bent so that the heat sink faces upward and is on the same plane. The heat sink and the aluminum insulating heat sink are connected to each other with thermally conductive silicone grease. The circuit board is provided with a heat sink attached with thermal silicone. The supercapacitor module protection module is installed behind the heat-insulating protective shell, and the heat sink is in contact with the inner wall of the heat-insulating protective shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the interior of the heat dissipation insulating protective shell is equipped with staggered capacitor connecting pieces, which are attached to the supercapacitor. The positive and negative lines are respectively connected to the capacitor connecting pieces arranged opposite to each other at both ends. The discharge resistor is composed of two 4.7Ω metal film power resistors connected in parallel.

[0012] Furthermore, insulating sponge is attached to the supercapacitor module protection module, the supercapacitor in the energy storage module is in contact with the insulating sponge and is pressed tightly into the protective shell, and the remaining space in the heat dissipation insulating protective shell is also filled with insulating sponge.

[0013] Furthermore, the front end plate of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell is symmetrically provided with wire fixing interfaces. The outer wall of the wire fixing interface is threaded and the head adopts a Mongolian yurt-shaped structure design. The wire fixing interface is provided with a nut that cooperates with it. After the positive wire and the negative wire pass through the wire fixing interface, the nut is tightened on the wire fixing interface to fix the positive wire and the negative wire.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automotive starting capacitor module with a protection circuit. By connecting a supercapacitor in parallel with the automotive battery, since the equivalent series resistance of the supercapacitor is much lower than the internal resistance of the battery, the supercapacitor bears most of the current output at the moment of vehicle start-up, while the battery only needs to provide a small current. This effectively reduces the polarization of the battery plates, prevents the increase of the battery's internal resistance, and thus extends the battery's service life.

[0015] Furthermore, the reverse connection protection circuit based on N-MOS transistors has a milliohm-level on-resistance. Compared with traditional diode solutions, the voltage drop and power consumption generated under a large current of 440A are negligible. This not only ensures that the voltage can be applied to the starter motor to the maximum extent during startup, improving startup efficiency, but also avoids the serious heat generation and power loss problems of traditional diode solutions under high current, achieving a combination of safety protection and efficient energy transfer.

[0016] A high-precision, high-power active discharge circuit is constructed by using a dedicated BW6101 overvoltage protection chip in combination with a bleed MOSFET and a discharge resistor. This circuit can monitor the voltage of each capacitor in real time with an accuracy of ±1%. Once the voltage of any single capacitor exceeds 2.65V, a discharge current of up to several amperes is immediately activated to quickly dissipate the overvoltage energy as heat, effectively preventing the risk of capacitor damage or even explosion due to overvoltage, and further improving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automotive starting capacitor module with protection circuit provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the combined state structure of the supercapacitor module protection module and heat sink provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the supercapacitor module protection module structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the supercapacitor module protection module provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the BW6101 overvoltage protection chip structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1. Heat dissipation and insulation protective shell; 2. Supercapacitor; 3. Positive wire; 4. Negative wire; 5. Circuit board; 6. Supercapacitor interface; 7. Reverse connection protection chip; 8. Overvoltage protection unit; 801. Bleeding MOSFET; 801-1. Semiconductor chip; 801-2. Heat sink; 802. Bleeding resistor; 9. Aluminum insulating heat dissipation patch; 10. Connecting slot; 11. Cover plate; 12. Capacitor connecting piece; 13. Insulating sponge; 14. Heat sink; 15. Wire fixing interface; 16. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 As shown:

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] This utility model provides an automotive starting capacitor module with a protection circuit, including a heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1. An energy storage module and a supercapacitor module protection module are electrically connected inside the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1. The energy storage module consists of five supercapacitors 2 connected in series, and leads out a positive line 3 and a negative line 4 connected to the automotive battery.

[0030] The supercapacitor module protection module includes a circuit board 5, a supercapacitor interface 6, a reverse connection protection chip 7, and an overvoltage protection unit 8. The reverse connection protection chip 7 adopts an N-MOS reverse connection protection circuit, and an overvoltage protection chip is installed on the back of the circuit board 5.

[0031] The overvoltage protection unit 8 includes five bleeder MOSFETs 801 and bleeder resistors 802, each corresponding to the supercapacitor 2. The bleeder MOSFETs 801 are provided with aluminum insulating heat dissipation pads 9.

[0032] It should be noted that by connecting the supercapacitor in parallel with the car battery, since the equivalent series resistance of the supercapacitor is much lower than the internal resistance of the battery, the supercapacitor bears most of the current output at the moment the car starts, while the battery only needs to provide a small current. This effectively reduces the polarization of the battery plates, prevents the increase of the battery's internal resistance, and thus extends the battery's service life.

[0033] The reverse connection protection circuit based on N-MOS transistors is adopted. Compared with the traditional diode solution, its milliohm-level on-resistance results in negligible voltage drop and power consumption under a large current of 440A. This not only ensures that the voltage can be applied to the starter motor to the maximum extent during startup, improving startup efficiency, but also avoids the serious heat generation and power loss problems of diode solutions under high current, achieving a combination of safety protection and efficient energy transfer.

[0034] A high-precision, high-power active discharge circuit is constructed by using a dedicated BW6101 overvoltage protection chip, a bleeder MOSFET 801, and a discharge resistor 802. This circuit can monitor the voltage of each capacitor in real time with an accuracy of ±1%. Once the voltage of any single capacitor exceeds 2.65V, a discharge current of up to several amperes is immediately activated to quickly dissipate the overvoltage energy as heat, effectively preventing the risk of capacitor damage or even explosion due to overvoltage, and further improving safety.

[0035] Additionally, the five MOSFETs 801 responsible for high current discharge are bent and mounted on a single plane, and a common aluminum insulating heat sink 9 is added. Then, thermal grease is used to tightly attach them to the heat dissipation insulating protective shell 1. This design transforms the main concentrated heat source on the circuit board 5 (the MOSFETs 801) and the entire shell into a highly efficient "heat dissipation system". By utilizing the huge surface area of ​​the metal shell for heat dissipation, it ensures that even under extreme conditions of long-term or repeated overvoltage discharge, the power transistors will not be damaged due to overheating, thereby ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the protection function and the long life of the entire module.

[0036] In this embodiment, the supercapacitor module's automotive starting power supply operates at a voltage of 12-13.5V, has a temperature range of -40°C to 125°C, a capacity of 70F, a maximum current capacity of 440A, and a cycle life of 500,000 cycles.

[0037] It should be noted that the final rated voltage of the five 2.7V supercapacitors connected in series is 13.5V. This is only to prevent overvoltage of the capacitors. 13.5V is not the actual capacitor voltage. The actual capacitor voltage is determined by the charging and discharging and the current leakage circuit. The threshold of the current leakage circuit is 13.25V, which means that the current leakage circuit is activated when the capacitor is charged above 13.25V.

[0038] The supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the car battery. During startup, it only provides a starting current to the car and does not need to supply power to the car for a long time. Low temperature environment does affect the capacitor, but the capacitor is only for assisting ignition. It is provided to solve the problem of the car not starting in low temperature environment. For example, the car can start with 400A, but the car lead-acid battery can only provide 200A at low temperature. After adding a capacitor, the current can be increased to 400A. As for how much it can be increased, this embodiment does not make a specific limit, as long as the increased value is sufficient to start the vehicle in low temperature environment.

[0039] In this embodiment: the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1 is an aluminum shell with an open top. The heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1 has symmetrical docking slots 10 on the top of the left and right side plates along the long direction. The top of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1 is provided with a cover plate 11. The cover plate 11 is movably inserted into the docking slots 10 to close the top of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1.

[0040] It should be noted that by setting the mating slot 10 and the movable cover 11, the top of the protective shell can be opened and closed conveniently. This design facilitates the installation of internal components and subsequent maintenance and repair. When it is necessary to replace or repair the internal capacitor or protection board, the cover 11 can be slid off to perform the operation without disassembling the entire shell.

[0041] At the same time, this enclosed structure ensures the integrity and sealing of the outer shell, preventing external dust and moisture from entering the internal circuitry and affecting electrical safety, while also ensuring the integrity of the internal heat dissipation duct, allowing the heat dissipation performance of the aluminum shell to be fully utilized.

[0042] In this embodiment: the core component of the reverse connection protection chip 7 is an IRLR7843 field-effect transistor. Its gate is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through a resistor, its drain is connected to GND, and its source is connected to the overvoltage protection unit 8. The overvoltage protection chip adopts the BW6101 chip design. The VDD pin of the overvoltage protection chip is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, its GND pin is connected to the negative terminal of the capacitor it protects, its SEL pin is the selection pin, which is connected to the high level through a 1K resistor R1, and its IOUT pin is the bleeder pin, which is connected to a bleeder MOSFET 801 to expand its bleeder capability.

[0043] It should be noted that the specific connection method of this N-MOS reverse connection protection circuit constitutes an intelligent voltage control switch. When the positive and negative terminals are connected correctly, the power supply voltage makes the MOS transistor fully conduct through the gate resistor. Because its on-resistance is in the milliohm range, the circuit voltage drop is small and the energy loss is negligible.

[0044] When the power supply is reversed, the parasitic diode of the IRLR7843 MOSFET is in reverse cutoff, and the gate cannot form a forward bias voltage. The bleeder MOSFET 801 remains off, thus cutting off the current loop and effectively protecting the downstream capacitor module and protection circuit from burnout. Compared with the series diode solution, this design avoids at least 0.7V of fixed voltage drop and corresponding power loss, improving energy efficiency and system reliability.

[0045] In this embodiment: the bleeder MOSFET 801 is a CSD18532 and is a through-hole component. The bleeder MOSFET 801 is integrally formed from a semiconductor chip 801-1 and a heat sink 801-2. The gate and source of the bleeder MOSFET 801 are connected through a 1K resistor R6. The drain of the bleeder MOSFET 801 is connected to the bleeder resistor 802. The body of the bleeder MOSFET 801 is bent so that the heat sink 801-2 faces upward and is on the same plane. The heat sink 801-2 and the aluminum insulating heat sink 9 are connected to each other by thermally conductive silicone grease. The circuit board 5 is provided with a heat sink 14 attached by thermal silicone. The supercapacitor module protection module is installed after the heat sink insulating protective shell 1, and the heat sink 14 is in contact with the inner wall of the heat sink insulating protective shell 1.

[0046] It should be noted that this structural design implements a three-stage heat dissipation system, solving the thermal management problem during high current discharge.

[0047] First stage: The heat sink 801-2 integrated into the bleed MOSFET 801 is responsible for initial heat absorption;

[0048] The second stage involves bending the five bleed MOSFETs 801 to make their heat dissipation surfaces on the same plane, and adding uniform aluminum insulating heat dissipation pads 9 to combine the heat sources of the five points into a surface heat source, which is then efficiently transferred through thermal grease.

[0049] The third stage: The aluminum insulating heat dissipation patch 9 is then tightly attached to the inner wall of the entire heat dissipation insulating protective shell 1 through thermal conductive silicone grease, and finally the heat is dissipated into the air by utilizing the huge surface area of ​​the entire metal shell.

[0050] This design allows the heat generated during continuous overvoltage discharge (each channel has a theoretical discharge capacity of several amperes) to be quickly and evenly dissipated, preventing the junction temperature of the discharge MOSFET 801 from exceeding the limit due to heat accumulation and ensuring the continuous reliability of the overvoltage protection function under extreme conditions and the long life of the device.

[0051] In this embodiment: the heat dissipation insulating protective shell 1 is equipped with staggered capacitor connecting pieces 12, the capacitor connecting pieces 12 are attached to the supercapacitor 2, the positive line 3 and the negative line 4 are respectively connected to the capacitor connecting pieces 12 arranged opposite to each other at both ends, and the discharge resistor 802 is composed of two 4.7Ω metal film power resistors connected in parallel.

[0052] It should be noted that the staggered capacitor connecting pieces 12 not only achieve a secure series connection of the five supercapacitors 2, but their large-area contact with the capacitor shell also forms an auxiliary heat dissipation path, which helps to conduct the heat generated by the capacitors during operation to the protective shell.

[0053] Metal film power resistors are characterized by high temperature resistance and good stability. By using two 4.7Ω resistors in parallel, the equivalent resistance is reduced to about 2.35Ω, which increases the discharge current capacity and improves the response speed of overvoltage protection. On the other hand, the parallel design also distributes the power consumption of a single resistor, avoids excessive power concentration, and improves the overall reliability and lifespan of the discharge circuit.

[0054] The positive and negative terminals are led out from both ends, making the internal wiring clear, reducing line impedance, and facilitating the transmission of large currents.

[0055] The purpose of the bleed circuit is to protect the supercapacitor 2 from overvoltage explosion. When the car starts, the supercapacitor 2 will give current, causing the voltage to drop. Therefore, during the operation, the lead-acid battery charges the capacitor to the same voltage as the lead-acid battery (12-13V). If it continues to charge, the bleed circuit will be activated.

[0056] In this embodiment: an insulating sponge 13 is pasted on the back of the supercapacitor module protection board, the supercapacitor 2 in the energy storage module is in contact with the insulating sponge 13 and is pressed into the protective shell, and the remaining space in the heat dissipation insulating protective shell 1 is also filled with insulating sponge 13.

[0057] It should be noted that the insulating sponge 13 serves two purposes: firstly, it provides electrical insulation, ensuring complete insulation between the supercapacitor 2, the circuit board 5, and the heat dissipation insulating protective shell 1 to prevent short circuits; secondly, it fills the remaining space and tightly holds all components in place, forming a robust whole that can effectively resist the continuous vibration and impact generated during vehicle operation, preventing internal solder joints from breaking due to vibration and components from shifting due to loosening, thus improving the reliability of the product in harsh mechanical environments.

[0058] In this embodiment: The front end plate of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1 is symmetrically provided with wire fixing interfaces 15. The outer wall of the wire fixing interface 15 is threaded and the head adopts a Mongolian yurt-shaped structure design. The wire fixing interface 15 is provided with a nut 16 that cooperates with it. After the positive wire 3 and the negative wire 4 pass through the wire fixing interface 15, the nut 16 is tightened on the wire fixing interface 15 to fix the positive wire 3 and the negative wire 4.

[0059] It should be noted that the design of the special wire fixing interface 15 is a key detail for dealing with the vibration environment of automobiles. The "yurt"-shaped head design provides a smooth transition and prevents the wire core from being damaged due to the small bending angle at the exit. When the nut 16 is tightened, the nut 16 will press the sealing ring or clamping mechanism inside the "yurt" structure inward, thereby firmly holding the wire in the radial direction.

[0060] This structure provides reliable fastening force, effectively preventing wires from loosening, falling off, or even rubbing against the interface during long-term vehicle bumps and vibrations. It avoids potential faults such as sparking and power outages caused by poor connections, ensuring high reliability of the power connection.

[0061] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: A label describing the performance is affixed to the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell 1. The positive wire 3 is red and the negative wire 4 is black. The car starter power base has four fixing screw positions. It is fixed in the car and connected in parallel with the car lead-acid battery. The positive wire 3 of the car starter power is connected to the positive terminal of the car lead-acid battery, and the negative wire 4 is connected to the negative terminal of the car lead-acid battery.

[0062] The reverse connection protection circuit includes an N-MOS transistor U6, which is an N-channel enhancement-mode field-effect transistor. Its gate is connected to the positive input terminal of the power supply through a resistor R11, its drain is grounded, and its source is connected to the power input terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, the capacitor interface is a 6-pin bent terminal block, which is connected to the five supercapacitors 2 connected in series in the energy storage module. 12V is connected to the positive terminal of the first capacitor in the series, C1N is connected to the negative terminal of the first capacitor in the series, C2N is connected to the negative terminal of the second capacitor in the series, C3N is connected to the negative terminal of the third capacitor in the series, C4N is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth capacitor in the series, and GND is connected to the negative terminal of the fifth capacitor in the series.

[0064] The overvoltage protection chip (not shown in the figure) uses the BW6101 chip design, and its functional block diagram is as follows. Figure 5 As shown, the overvoltage protection chip is a supercapacitor 2 charging protection chip. It has a built-in high-precision reference to ensure that the output accuracy reaches ±1%.

[0065] The built-in power transistor enables a discharge capacity of 0.7A@(VIN=2.65V) after overcharge protection, which well meets the charging characteristics when supercapacitors 2 are used in cascade. The overvoltage protection chip can select two specifications of supercapacitors 2 for charging protection through an external port.

[0066] When the selected port is high, the corresponding protection point is 2.65V; when the selected port is low, the corresponding protection point is 2.45V. This allows for flexible use by the user. Furthermore, the overvoltage protection chip uses a miniaturized SOT23-5 package, which facilitates high-density installation. At the same time, it requires fewer external components, reducing application costs.

[0067] The five capacitors connected in series are identical, therefore their overvoltage protection circuits are also identical. Here, we will only describe one of the overvoltage protection circuits. The overvoltage protection chip (such as...) Figure 5 As shown in Figure U1), the VDD pin is connected to the positive power supply (12V), its GND pin is connected to the negative terminal of the capacitor it protects, and its SEL pin is the selection pin, connected to a high level through a 1K resistor R1. Therefore, the corresponding protection point is 2.65V, meaning the overvoltage protection of the entire module is 2.65 * 5 = 13.25V. The IOUT pin of the overvoltage protection chip is the bleeder pin, which is connected to a bleeder MOSFET 801 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, Q1) is connected to expand its leakage current capacity. The gate and source of the leakage MOSFET 801 are connected through a 1K resistor R6. The drain of the leakage MOSFET 801 is connected to the discharge resistor 802. The discharge resistor 802 is composed of two 4.7Ω metal film power resistors R11 and R12 connected in parallel. The other end of the discharge resistor 802 is connected to the positive terminal of the capacitor it protects.

[0068] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A car starting capacitor module with protection circuit, characterized in that, include: Heat dissipation and insulation protective shell (1), the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell (1) is equipped with an energy storage module and a supercapacitor module protection module that are electrically connected. The energy storage module consists of five supercapacitors (2) connected in series, and leads out the positive line (3) and negative line (4) connected to the car battery. The supercapacitor module protection module includes a circuit board (5), a supercapacitor interface (6), a reverse connection protection chip (7), and an overvoltage protection unit (8). The reverse connection protection chip (7) adopts an N-MOS reverse connection protection circuit. An overvoltage protection chip is also installed on the back of the circuit board (5). The overvoltage protection unit (8) includes five bleeder MOSFETs (801) and bleeder resistors (802) corresponding to the supercapacitor (2), and aluminum insulating heat sinks (9) are provided on the bleeder MOSFETs (801).

2. The automotive starting capacitor module with protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation and insulation protective shell (1) is an aluminum shell with an open top. The heat dissipation and insulation protective shell (1) has symmetrical docking slots (10) on the top of the left and right side plates along the long direction. The top of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell (1) is provided with a cover plate (11). The cover plate (11) is movably inserted into the docking slot (10) to close the top of the heat dissipation and insulation protective shell (1).

3. The automotive starting capacitor module with protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core component of the reverse connection protection chip (7) is an I RLR7843 field-effect transistor. Its gate is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through a resistor, its drain is connected to GND, and its source is connected to the overvoltage protection unit (8). The overvoltage protection chip adopts the BW6101 chip design. The VDD pin of the overvoltage protection chip is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, its GND pin is connected to the negative terminal of the capacitor it protects, its SEL pin is the selection pin, which is connected to the high level through a 1K resistor R1, and its IOUT pin is the bleed pin, which is connected to a bleed MOS transistor (801) to expand the bleed capability.

4. The automotive starting capacitor module with protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bleeder MOSFET (801) is a CSD18532 and is a through-hole component. The bleeder MOSFET (801) is integrally formed from a semiconductor chip (801-1) and a heat sink (801-2). The gate and source of the bleeder MOSFET (801) are connected through a 1K resistor R6. The drain of the bleeder MOSFET (801) is connected to the bleeder resistor (802). The body of the bleeder MOSFET (801) is bent so that the heat sink (801-2) faces upward and is on the same plane. The heat sink (801-2) and the aluminum insulating heat sink (9) are connected to each other through thermally conductive silicone grease. The circuit board (5) is provided with a heat sink (14) attached by thermal silicone. The supercapacitor module protection module is installed after the heat-insulating protective shell (1). The heat sink (14) is in contact with the inner wall of the heat-insulating protective shell (1).

5. The automotive starting capacitor module with protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat dissipation insulating protective shell (1) is equipped with staggered capacitor connecting pieces (12), which are attached to the supercapacitor (2). The positive line (3) and the negative line (4) are respectively connected to the capacitor connecting pieces (12) arranged opposite to each other at both ends. The discharge resistor (802) is composed of two 4.7Ω metal film power resistors connected in parallel.

6. The automotive starting capacitor module with protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Insulating sponge (13) is pasted on the supercapacitor module protection module. The supercapacitor (2) in the energy storage module is in contact with the insulating sponge (13) and is pressed into the protective shell. The remaining space in the heat dissipation insulating protective shell (1) is also filled with insulating sponge (13).

7. The automotive starting capacitor module with protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation and insulation protective shell (1) has symmetrical wire fixing interfaces (15) on its front end plate. The outer wall of the wire fixing interface (15) is threaded and the head adopts a Mongolian yurt-shaped structure design. The wire fixing interface (15) is provided with a nut (16) that cooperates with it. After the positive wire (3) and negative wire (4) pass through the wire fixing interface (15), the nut (16) is tightened on the wire fixing interface (15) to fix the positive wire (3) and negative wire (4).

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