An energy storage system

Abstract

This application discloses an energy storage system, relating to the field of energy storage technology. In the energy storage system, the battery cluster includes a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a first switching device, a second switching device, a first diode, and a second diode. When the first switching device is turned on, an external power source charges the first battery pack through the positive and neutral lines. When the first battery pack needs to stop charging, the first switching device is turned off, and the first battery pack is connected to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) module through the first diode to supply power to the load through the UPS module. When the second switching device is turned on, an external power source charges the second battery pack through the neutral and negative lines. When the second battery pack needs to stop charging, the second switching device is turned off, and the second battery pack is connected to the UPS module through the second diode to supply power to the load through the UPS module, thereby enabling the battery pack, even when charging is stopped, to supply power to the load through the UPS module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and specifically relates to an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, an external power source charges the battery pack in the battery cluster through an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) module. When the battery pack needs to stop charging (e.g., when it is fully charged), the battery pack is disconnected from the UPS module.

[0003] However, because the battery pack that has stopped charging is disconnected from the UPS module, it cannot supply power to the load through the UPS module. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an energy storage system that at least solves the problem in related technologies where a battery pack that has stopped charging is disconnected from the UPS module, resulting in the battery pack being unable to supply power to the load through the UPS module.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] This application provides an energy storage system, including: an uninterruptible power supply module and multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster including a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a first switching device, a second switching device, a first diode and a second diode;

[0007] The uninterruptible power supply module is used to connect to an external power source or load.

[0008] In the battery cluster, the first terminal of the first switching device is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack, and the second terminal of the first switching device is connected to the positive line of the uninterruptible power supply module; the anode of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the positive line; the first terminal of the second switching device is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack, and the second terminal of the second switching device is connected to the negative line of the uninterruptible power supply module; the cathode of the second diode is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the negative line; the cathode of the first battery pack and the anode of the second battery pack are respectively connected to the neutral line of the uninterruptible power supply module.

[0009] Optionally, the battery cluster further includes a third switching device and a fourth switching device; the third switching device is disposed between the first battery pack and the positive electrode line, and the parallel branch composed of the first switching device and the first diode is connected in series with the third switching device; the fourth switching device is disposed between the second battery pack and the negative electrode line, and the parallel branch composed of the second switching device and the second diode is connected in series with the fourth switching device.

[0010] Optionally, the battery cluster further includes a switching assembly; the switching assembly is connected to the first switching device, the first diode, the second switching device, the second diode, the first battery pack, the second battery pack, the positive line, the negative line, and the neutral line, respectively; wherein, when the switching assembly is turned on, the first switching device and the first diode are respectively connected to the positive line, and the second switching device and the second diode are respectively connected to the negative line, and the first battery pack and the second battery pack are respectively connected to the neutral line; when the switching assembly is turned off, the first switching device and the first diode are respectively disconnected from the positive line, and the second switching device and the second diode are respectively disconnected from the negative line, and the first battery pack and the second battery pack are respectively disconnected from the neutral line.

[0011] Optionally, the switching assembly includes a fifth, a sixth, and a seventh switching device that are linked together; the fifth switching device is disposed between the parallel branch formed by the first switching device and the first diode and the positive line; the sixth switching device is disposed between the first battery pack and the neutral line, and the sixth switching device is also disposed between the second battery pack and the neutral line; the seventh switching device is disposed between the parallel branch formed by the second switching device and the second diode and the negative line.

[0012] Optionally, the battery cluster further includes a first pre-charge branch and a second pre-charge branch; the first pre-charge branch is disposed between the first battery pack and the positive electrode line, and is connected in parallel with the first switching device and the first diode respectively; the second pre-charge branch is disposed between the second battery pack and the negative electrode line, and is connected in parallel with the second switching device and the second diode respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the first precharge branch includes an eighth switching device and a first resistor; the second precharge branch includes a ninth switching device and a second resistor; the eighth switching device is connected in series with the first resistor; and the ninth switching device is connected in series with the second resistor.

[0014] Optionally, the energy storage system further includes a battery management system; the battery management system is connected to each of the first switching devices and each of the second switching devices respectively, and the battery management system is used to control the on and off states of each of the first switching devices and each of the second switching devices.

[0015] Optionally, the battery cluster further includes a first current acquisition chip and a second current acquisition chip; the first current acquisition chip is connected to the battery management system, and is disposed between the first battery pack and the positive electrode line, with a parallel branch consisting of the first switching device and the first diode connected in series with the current acquisition chip; the second current acquisition chip is connected to the battery management system, and is disposed between the second battery pack and the negative electrode line, with a parallel branch consisting of the second switching device and the second diode connected in series with the second current acquisition chip.

[0016] Optionally, the battery pack further includes a first fuse and a second fuse; the first fuse is disposed between the first battery pack and the positive electrode line, and a parallel branch consisting of the first switching device and the first diode is connected in series with the first fuse; the second fuse is disposed between the second battery pack and the negative electrode line, and a parallel branch consisting of the second switching device and the second diode is connected in series with the second fuse.

[0017] Optionally, the first battery pack includes a plurality of first batteries connected in series, and the second battery pack includes a plurality of second batteries connected in series; the number of first batteries in the first battery pack is equal to the number of second batteries in the second battery pack.

[0018] In this embodiment, since the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) module is connected to an external power source or load, and in the battery pack, the first terminal of the first switching device is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack, the second terminal of the first switching device is connected to the positive line of the UPS module, and the negative terminal of the first battery pack is connected to the neutral line of the UPS module, when the first switching device is on, the external power source can charge the first battery pack through the positive and neutral lines of the UPS module. When the first battery pack needs to stop charging, the first switching device can be turned off. Since the positive terminal of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack, and the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the positive line, the charging circuit of the first battery pack is disconnected, and the first battery pack stops charging. At the same time, the first battery pack is connected to the UPS module through the first diode, and the UPS module can supply power to the load. The first terminal of the two switching devices is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack, and the second terminal of the second switching devices is connected to the negative line of the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) module. The positive terminal of the second battery pack is connected to the neutral line of the UPS module. When the second switching devices are on, an external power source can charge the second battery pack through the neutral and negative lines of the UPS module. When the second battery pack needs to stop charging, the second switching devices can be disconnected. Since the negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack, and the positive terminal of the second diode is connected to the negative line, the charging circuit of the second battery pack is broken, and the second battery pack stops charging. Simultaneously, the second battery pack is connected to the UPS module through the second diode, allowing the UPS module to supply power to the load. This achieves the goal of connecting the stopped-charging battery pack to the UPS module, enabling the UPS module to supply power to the load. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 10-Battery cluster; 11-First battery pack; 12-Second battery pack; 13-Switch assembly; 20-Uninterruptible power supply module; D1-First diode; D2-Second diode; K1-First switching device; K2-Second switching device; K3-Third switching device; K4-Fourth switching device; K5-Fifth switching device; K6-Sixth switching device; K7-Seventh switching device; K8-Eighth switching device; K9-Ninth switching device; E1-First battery; E2-Second battery; F1-First fuse; F2-Second fuse; H1-First current acquisition chip; H2-Second current acquisition chip; P1-Positive line; P2-Negative line; N-Neutral line; R1-First resistor; R2-Second resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 This application provides an energy storage system, including: an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) module 20 and multiple battery clusters 10. Each battery cluster 10 includes a first battery pack 11, a second battery pack 12, a first switching device K1, a second switching device K2, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2. The UPS module 20 is used to connect to an external power source or load. In each battery cluster 10, the first terminal of the first switching device K1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, and the second terminal of the first switching device K1 is connected to the positive terminal P1 of the UPS module 20. The first diode D1... The positive terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive line P1; the first terminal of the second switching device K2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the second terminal of the second switching device K2 is connected to the negative line P2 of the uninterruptible power supply module 20; the negative terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the negative line P2; the negative terminals of the first battery pack 11 and the positive terminals of the second battery pack 12 are respectively connected to the neutral line N of the uninterruptible power supply module 20.

[0026] In some embodiments, when the first switching device K1 is turned on, the first diode D1 is short-circuited, and the first battery pack 11 can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20, or an external power source can charge the first battery pack 11 through the uninterruptible power supply module 20; when the first switching device K1 is turned off, since the first diode D1 is forward-biased, the first battery pack 11 can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20; since the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and turned off, the charging circuit of the first battery pack 11 is broken, and the external power source stops supplying power to the first battery pack 11 through the uninterruptible power supply module 20. 1. Charging: When the second switching device K2 is turned on, the second diode D2 is short-circuited, and the second battery pack 12 can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20, or the external power supply can charge the second battery pack 12 through the uninterruptible power supply module 20; when the second switching device K2 is turned off, since the second diode D2 is forward-biased, the second battery pack 12 can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20; since the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and turned off, the charging circuit of the second battery pack 12 is disconnected, and the external power supply stops charging the second battery pack 12 through the uninterruptible power supply module 20.

[0027] In some embodiments, the neutral line N of the uninterruptible power supply module 20 is the N-line of the uninterruptible power supply module 20.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first switching device K1 may be a contactor or other switching device type.

[0029] In some embodiments, the type of the second switching device K2 includes a contactor or other switching device types.

[0030] In some embodiments, the uninterruptible power supply module 20 can be a chip. The uninterruptible power supply module 20 is used to convert the DC power of the battery cluster 10 into AC power and transmit it to the load, and to convert the AC power of the external power supply into DC power and transmit it to the battery cluster 10. The uninterruptible power supply module 20 can use an external power supply (such as the mains power grid) to supply power to the load, and use the battery cluster 10 to supply power to the load in the event of a power outage or abnormality of the external power supply, thereby achieving uninterrupted power supply to the load.

[0031] In this embodiment, since the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) module 20 is connected to an external power source or load, and in the battery cluster 10, the first terminal of the first switching device K1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, the second terminal of the first switching device K1 is connected to the positive line P1 of the UPS module 20, and the negative terminal of the first battery pack 11 is connected to the neutral line N of the UPS module 20, when the first switching device K1 is turned on, the external power source can charge the first battery pack 11 through the positive line P1 and the neutral line N of the UPS module 20. When the first battery pack 11 needs to stop charging, the first switching device K1 can be turned off. Since the positive terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive line P1, the charging circuit of the first battery pack 11 is disconnected, the first battery pack 11 stops charging, and the first battery pack 11 is connected to the UPS module 20 through the first diode D1, and can supply power to the load through the UPS module 20; since the first... The first terminal of the second switching device K2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the second terminal of the second switching device K2 is connected to the negative line P2 of the uninterruptible power supply module 20. The positive terminal of the second battery pack 12 is connected to the neutral line N of the uninterruptible power supply module 20. When the second switching device K2 is turned on, the external power supply can charge the second battery pack 12 through the neutral line N and the negative line P2 of the uninterruptible power supply module 20. When the second battery pack 12 needs to stop charging, the second switching device K2 can be turned off. Since the negative terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the negative line P2, the charging circuit of the second battery pack 12 is broken, and the second battery pack 12 stops charging. At the same time, the second battery pack 12 is connected to the uninterruptible power supply module 20 through the second diode D2, and can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20. Thus, the battery pack that has stopped charging is connected to the uninterruptible power supply module 20, and can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20.

[0032] Optional, refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery cluster 10 further includes a third switching device K3 and a fourth switching device K4; the third switching device K3 is disposed between the first battery pack 11 and the positive electrode line P1, and the parallel branch formed by the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 is connected in series with the third switching device K3; the fourth switching device K4 is disposed between the second battery pack 12 and the negative electrode line P2, and the parallel branch formed by the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 is connected in series with the fourth switching device K4.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first end of the third switching device K3 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, and the second end of the third switching device K3 is connected to the first end of the first switching device K1 and the positive terminal of the first diode D1, respectively; the first end of the fourth switching device K4 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the second end of the fourth switching device K4 is connected to the first end of the second switching device K2 and the negative terminal of the second diode D2, respectively.

[0034] In some embodiments, the third switching device K3 may be a contactor or other switching device type.

[0035] In some embodiments, the fourth switching device K4 may be a contactor or other switching device type.

[0036] In this embodiment, the charging and discharging of the first battery pack 11 can be controlled by the third switching device K3. Specifically, when the third switching device K3 is on and the first switching device K1 is on, the first diode D1 is short-circuited, allowing the first battery pack 11 to supply power to the load via the uninterruptible power supply module 20, or for an external power source to charge the first battery pack 11 via the uninterruptible power supply module 20. When the third switching device K3 is off, the discharge circuit of the first battery pack 11 is disconnected, the first battery pack 11 stops supplying power to the load via the uninterruptible power supply module 20, and the charging circuit of the first battery pack 11 is also disconnected, stopping the external power source from supplying power to the load via the uninterruptible power supply module 20. The uninterruptible power supply (UPS) module 20 charges the first battery pack 11. When the fourth switching device K4 is turned on and the second switching device K2 is turned on, the second diode D2 is short-circuited, and the second battery pack 12 can supply power to the load through the UPS module 20, or an external power source can charge the second battery pack 12 through the UPS module 20. When the fourth switching device K4 is turned off, the discharge circuit of the second battery pack 12 is disconnected, the second battery pack 12 stops supplying power to the load through the UPS module 20, and the charging circuit of the second battery pack 12 is disconnected, and the external power source stops charging the second battery pack 12 through the UPS module 20.

[0037] Optionally, in some embodiments, the battery cluster 10 further includes a switching assembly 13; the switching assembly 13 is connected to the first switching device K1, the first diode D1, the second switching device K2, the second diode D2, the first battery pack 11, the second battery pack 12, the positive line P1, the negative line P2, and the neutral line N; wherein, when the switching assembly 13 is turned on, the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 are connected to the positive line P1, the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 are connected to the negative line P2, and the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 are connected to the neutral line N; when the switching assembly 13 is turned off, the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 are disconnected from the positive line P1, the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 are disconnected from the negative line P2, and the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 are disconnected from the neutral line N.

[0038] In some embodiments, the type of switching component 13 may be a circuit breaker (MCCB, Molded Case Circuit Breaker) or other switching device types.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the switching assembly 13 is on, the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 are connected to the positive line P1, the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 are connected to the negative line P2, and the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 are connected to the neutral line N. When the switching assembly 13 is off, the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 are disconnected from the positive line P1, the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 are disconnected from the negative line P2, and the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 are disconnected from the neutral line N. Thus, the charging and discharging of the first battery pack 11 and the charging and discharging of the second battery pack 12 can be controlled to be turned on and off simultaneously.

[0040] Optionally, in some embodiments, the switching assembly 13 includes a fifth switching device K5, a sixth switching device K6, and a seventh switching device K7 that are linked together; the fifth switching device K5 is disposed between the parallel branch formed by the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 and the positive line P1; the sixth switching device K6 is disposed between the first battery pack 11 and the neutral line N, and the sixth switching device K6 is also disposed between the second battery pack 12 and the neutral line N; the seventh switching device K7 is disposed between the parallel branch formed by the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 and the negative line P2.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the fifth switching device K5 is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1 and the second terminal of the first switching device K1, respectively, and the second terminal of the fifth switching device K5 is connected to the positive line P1; the first terminal of the sixth switching device K6 is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery pack 11 and the positive terminal of the second battery pack 12, respectively, and the second terminal of the sixth switching device K6 is connected to the neutral line N; the first terminal of the seventh switching device K7 is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode D2 and the second terminal of the second switching device K2, respectively, and the second terminal of the seventh switching device K7 is connected to the negative line P2.

[0042] In some embodiments, the type of the fifth switching device K5 includes a circuit breaker or other switching device types.

[0043] In some embodiments, the type of the sixth switching device K6 includes a circuit breaker or other switching device types.

[0044] In some embodiments, the type of the seventh switching device K7 includes a circuit breaker or other switching device types.

[0045] In this embodiment, since the fifth switch device K5, the sixth switch device K6, and the seventh switch device K7 are linked, that is, the fifth switch device K5, the sixth switch device K6, and the seventh switch device K7 are simultaneously turned on or off, the first switch device K1 and the first diode D1 are connected to the positive line P1, the second switch device K2 and the second diode D2 are connected to the negative line P2, and the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 are connected to the neutral line N, respectively. Conversely, the first switch device K1 and the first diode D1 are disconnected from the positive line P1, the second switch device K2 and the second diode D2 are disconnected from the negative line P2, and the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 are disconnected from the neutral line N, thereby enabling simultaneous on / off control of the charging and discharging of the first battery pack 11 and the charging and discharging of the second battery pack 12.

[0046] Optionally, in some embodiments, the battery cluster 10 further includes a first pre-charge branch and a second pre-charge branch; the first pre-charge branch is disposed between the first battery pack 11 and the positive electrode line P1, and is connected in parallel with the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 respectively; the second pre-charge branch is disposed between the second battery pack 12 and the negative electrode line P2, and is connected in parallel with the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 respectively.

[0047] In this embodiment, since the first pre-charge branch is located between the first battery pack 11 and the positive line P1, and is connected in parallel with the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 respectively, the first battery pack 11 can be pre-charged through the first pre-charge branch, avoiding the impact of instantaneous peak current on the first battery pack 11; since the second pre-charge branch is located between the second battery pack 12 and the negative line P2, and is connected in parallel with the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 respectively, the first battery pack 11 can be pre-charged through the second pre-charge branch, avoiding the impact of instantaneous peak current on the second battery pack 12.

[0048] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first precharge branch includes an eighth switching device K8 and a first resistor R1; the second precharge branch includes a ninth switching device K9 and a second resistor R2; the eighth switching device K8 is connected in series with the first resistor R1; and the ninth switching device K9 is connected in series with the second resistor R2.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first terminal of the eighth switching device K8 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, and the second terminal of the eighth switching device K8 is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1; the second terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive line P1; the first terminal of the ninth switching device K9 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the second terminal of the ninth switching device K9 is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2; the second terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the negative line P2.

[0050] In some embodiments, the type of the eighth switching device K8 includes a contactor or other switching device types.

[0051] In some embodiments, the type of the ninth switching device K9 includes a contactor or other switching device types.

[0052] In this embodiment, during the pre-charging phase of the first battery pack 11, the eighth switching device K8 is turned on. The current-limiting effect of the first resistor R1 prevents instantaneous peak current from impacting the first battery pack 11. After the pre-charging of the first battery pack 11 is completed, the eighth switching device K8 is turned off, and both the first switching device K1 and the third switching device K3 are turned on. An external power source can charge the first battery pack 11 through the positive line P1 and the neutral line N of the uninterruptible power supply module 20. During the pre-charging phase of the second battery pack 12, the ninth switching device K9 is turned on. The current-limiting effect of the second resistor R2 prevents instantaneous peak current from impacting the second battery pack 12. After the pre-charging of the second battery pack 12 is completed, the ninth switching device K9 is turned off, and both the second switching device K2 and the fourth switching device K4 are turned on. An external power source can charge the second battery pack 12 through the neutral line N and the negative line P2 of the uninterruptible power supply module 20.

[0053] Optionally, in some embodiments, the energy storage system further includes a battery management system (BMS); the battery management system is connected to each of the first switching devices K1 and each of the second switching devices K2 respectively, and the battery management system is used to control the on and off states of each of the first switching devices K1 and each of the second switching devices K2.

[0054] In this embodiment, the battery management system controls the on and off states of each first switching device K1 and each second switching device K2. Specifically, when the first battery pack 11 needs to stop charging, for example, when the first battery pack 11 is fully charged, the battery management system controls the first switching device K1 to be off, and when the first battery pack 11 needs to be charged, for example, when the first battery pack 11 needs to be recharged, the battery management system controls the first switching device K1 to be on. When the second battery pack 12 needs to stop charging, for example, when the second battery pack 12 is fully charged, the battery management system controls the second switching device K2 to be off, and when the second battery pack 12 needs to be charged, for example, when the second battery pack 12 needs to be recharged, the battery management system controls the second switching device K2 to be on, thereby intermittently charging the battery cluster 10 and avoiding long-term float charging of the battery cluster 10.

[0055] In some embodiments, when the first battery pack 11 needs to stop charging and discharging, the battery management system controls the third switching device K3 to open, and when the first battery pack 11 needs to be charged, it controls both the first switching device K1 and the third switching device K3 to be turned on; when the second battery pack 12 needs to stop charging and discharging, it controls the fourth switching device K4 to open, and when the second battery pack 12 needs to be charged, it controls both the second switching device K2 and the fourth switching device K4 to be turned on.

[0056] In some embodiments, during the pre-charging phase of the first battery pack 11, the battery management system controls the eighth switch K8 to be turned on and the third switch K3 to be turned off, and after the pre-charging of the first battery pack 11 is completed, controls the eighth switch K8 to be turned off and controls both the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 to be turned on; during the pre-charging phase of the second battery pack 12, the battery management system controls the ninth switch K9 to be turned on and the fourth switch K4 to be turned off, and after the pre-charging of the second battery pack 12 is completed, controls the ninth switch K9 to be turned off and controls both the second switch K2 and the fourth switch K4 to be turned on.

[0057] In some embodiments, when both the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 need to stop charging and discharging, the battery management system controls the switch assembly 13 to open, that is, controls the fifth switch device K5, the sixth switch device K6 and the seventh switch device K7 to open; when both the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 12 need to charge and discharge, the battery management system controls the switch assembly 13 to close, that is, controls the fifth switch device K5, the sixth switch device K6 and the seventh switch device K7 to close.

[0058] Optionally, in some embodiments, the battery cluster 10 further includes a first current acquisition chip H1 and a second current acquisition chip H2; the first current acquisition chip H1 is connected to the battery management system, and is disposed between the first battery pack 11 and the positive electrode line P1, with a parallel branch composed of the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 connected in series with the current acquisition chip; the second current acquisition chip H2 is connected to the battery management system, and is disposed between the second battery pack 12 and the negative electrode line P2, with a parallel branch composed of the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 connected in series with the second current acquisition chip H2.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first current acquisition chip H1 may be a Hall current acquisition chip.

[0060] In some embodiments, the second current acquisition chip H2 may be a Hall current acquisition chip.

[0061] In this embodiment, the charging and discharging current of the first battery pack 11 is collected by the first current acquisition chip H1 so that the battery management system can control the third switching device K3 to disconnect when the charging and discharging current of the first battery pack 11 is abnormal; the charging and discharging current of the second battery pack 12 is collected by the second current acquisition chip H2 so that the battery management system can control the fourth switching device K4 to disconnect when the charging and discharging current of the second battery pack 12 is abnormal.

[0062] Optionally, in some embodiments, the battery cluster 10 further includes a first fuse F1 and a second fuse F2; the first fuse F1 is disposed between the first battery pack 11 and the positive electrode line P1, and the parallel branch composed of the first switching device K1 and the first diode D1 is connected in series with the first fuse F1; the second fuse F2 is disposed between the second battery pack 12 and the negative electrode line P2, and the parallel branch composed of the second switching device K2 and the second diode D2 is connected in series with the second fuse F2.

[0063] In this embodiment of the application, the first fuse F1 is used for overcurrent protection of the charging and discharging of the first battery pack 11, and the second fuse F2 is used for overcurrent protection of the charging and discharging of the second battery pack 12.

[0064] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first battery pack 11 includes a plurality of first batteries E1 connected in series, and the second battery pack 12 includes a plurality of second batteries E2 connected in series; the number of first batteries E1 in the first battery pack 11 is equal to the number of second batteries E2 in the second battery pack 12.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first battery E1 and the second battery E2 are of the same type and capacity.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first battery E1 may be a lithium battery.

[0067] In some embodiments, the second battery E2 may be a lithium battery.

[0068] In this embodiment of the application, since the number of first batteries E1 in the first battery pack 11 is equal to the number of second batteries E2 in the second battery pack 12, the midpoint of the battery cluster 10 is connected to the neutral line N.

[0069] In some embodiments, in the battery cluster 10, the first terminal of the first fuse F1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, and the second terminal of the first fuse F1 is connected to the first terminal of the first current acquisition chip H1; the second terminal of the first current acquisition chip H1 is connected to the first terminal of the eighth switching device K8 and the first terminal of the third switching device K3, respectively, and the output terminal of the first current acquisition chip H1 is connected to the battery management system; the second terminal of the eighth switching device K8 is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1, the second terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switching device K5, and the second terminal of the fifth switching device K5 is connected to the positive line P1; the second terminal of the third switching device K3 is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the first switching device K1, respectively, the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switching device K5, and the second terminal of the first switching device K1 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth switching device K5; the first terminal of the sixth switching device K6 is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery pack 11 and the positive terminal of the second battery pack 12, respectively, and the second terminal of the sixth switching device K6 is connected to the neutral line N;

[0070] The first terminal of the second fuse F2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the second terminal of the second fuse F2 is connected to the first terminal of the second current acquisition chip H2. The second terminal of the second current acquisition chip H2 is connected to the first terminal of the ninth switching device K9 and the first terminal of the fourth switching device K4, respectively. The output terminal of the second current acquisition chip H2 is connected to the battery management system. The second terminal of the ninth switching device K9 is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2, and the second terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh switching device K7. The second terminal of the seventh switching device K7 is connected to the negative line P2. The second terminal of the fourth switching device K4 is connected to the negative terminal of the second diode D2 and the first terminal of the second switching device K2, respectively. The positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh switching device K7, and the second terminal of the second switching device K2 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh switching device K7.

[0071] In related technologies, it is impossible to guarantee that the battery clusters are fully charged online in real time, it is impossible to meet the need for backup power at any time, it is not compatible with the topology of UPS with battery N line, and it is impossible to manage the upper and lower halves of the battery clusters independently; the UPS can achieve charging and discharging protection of the battery clusters through communication between the battery management system and the UPS module, but it is impossible to achieve the charging and discharging protection mechanism of the battery clusters when the UPS module has no communication or when communication fails.

[0072] In this embodiment, the charging protection control of the battery cluster 10 can be performed independently by the battery management system, without the need for communication between the battery management system and the UPS module. This improves the reliability of the energy storage system and ensures that the fully charged battery cluster 10 is online in real time, meeting the need for backup power at any time. It is also compatible with the topology of the UPS with battery N line.

[0073] The embodiments of this application can be applied to UPS topologies and on-site operating conditions, enabling better monitoring and management of lithium batteries. They allow each lithium battery cluster to be charged intermittently, the upper and lower halves of the battery to be charged independently, and the battery status parameters to be calculated. This solves the problem of long-term float charging of batteries under UPS backup power conditions and increases battery life.

[0074] In summary, in this embodiment, since the uninterruptible power supply module 20 is connected to an external power source or load, and in the battery cluster 10, the first terminal of the first switching device K1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, the second terminal of the first switching device K1 is connected to the positive line P1 of the uninterruptible power supply module 20, and the negative terminal of the first battery pack 11 is connected to the neutral line N of the uninterruptible power supply module 20, when the first switching device K1 is turned on, the external power source can charge the first battery pack 11 through the positive line P1 and the neutral line N of the uninterruptible power supply module 20. When the first battery pack 11 needs to stop charging, the first switching device K1 can be turned off. Since the positive terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack 11, and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive line P1, the charging circuit of the first battery pack 11 is disconnected, the first battery pack 11 stops charging, and at the same time, the first battery pack 11 is connected to the uninterruptible power supply module 20 through the first diode D1, and the uninterruptible power supply module 20 can supply power to the load. Since the first terminal of the second switching device K2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the second terminal of the second switching device K2 is connected to the negative line P2 of the uninterruptible power supply module 20, and the positive terminal of the second battery pack 12 is connected to the neutral line N of the uninterruptible power supply module 20, when the second switching device K2 is turned on, the external power supply can charge the second battery pack 12 through the neutral line N and the negative line P2 of the uninterruptible power supply module 20. When the second battery pack 12 needs to stop charging, the second switching device K2 can be turned off. Since the negative terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack 12, and the positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the negative line P2, the charging circuit of the second battery pack 12 is disconnected, and the second battery pack 12 stops charging. At the same time, the second battery pack 12 is connected to the uninterruptible power supply module 20 through the second diode D2, and can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20. Thus, the battery pack that has stopped charging is connected to the uninterruptible power supply module 20, and can supply power to the load through the uninterruptible power supply module 20.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0077] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized by, include: An uninterruptible power supply module (20) and multiple battery clusters (10), each battery cluster (10) including a first battery pack (11), a second battery pack (12), a first switching device (K1), a second switching device (K2), a first diode (D1) and a second diode (D2); The uninterruptible power supply module (20) is used to connect to an external power source or load; In the battery cluster (10), the first end of the first switching device (K1) is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack (11), and the second end of the first switching device (K1) is connected to the positive line (P1) of the uninterruptible power supply module (20); the positive terminal of the first diode (D1) is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery pack (11), and the negative terminal of the first diode (D1) is connected to the positive line (P1); the first end of the second switching device (K2) is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack (12), and the second end of the second switching device (K2) is connected to the negative line (P2) of the uninterruptible power supply module (20); the negative terminal of the second diode (D2) is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery pack (12), and the positive terminal of the second diode (D2) is connected to the negative line (P2); the negative terminal of the first battery pack (11) and the positive terminal of the second battery pack (12) are respectively connected to the neutral line (N) of the uninterruptible power supply module (20).

2. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein, The battery cluster (10) also includes a third switching device (K3) and a fourth switching device (K4); The third switching device (K3) is disposed between the first battery pack (11) and the positive line (P1), and the parallel branch formed by the first switching device (K1) and the first diode (D1) is connected in series with the third switching device (K3); The fourth switching device (K4) is disposed between the second battery pack (12) and the negative electrode line (P2), and the parallel branch formed by the second switching device (K2) and the second diode (D2) is connected in series with the fourth switching device (K4).

3. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein, The battery cluster (10) also includes a switching assembly (13); The switching assembly (13) is connected to the first switching device (K1), the first diode (D1), the second switching device (K2), the second diode (D2), the first battery pack (11), the second battery pack (12), the positive line (P1), the negative line (P2), and the neutral line (N), respectively. When the switch assembly (13) is turned on, the first switch device (K1) and the first diode (D1) are connected to the positive line (P1), the second switch device (K2) and the second diode (D2) are connected to the negative line (P2), and the first battery pack (11) and the second battery pack (12) are connected to the neutral line (N). When the switch assembly (13) is turned off, the first switch device (K1) and the first diode (D1) are disconnected from the positive line (P1), the second switch device (K2) and the second diode (D2) are disconnected from the negative line (P2), and the first battery pack (11) and the second battery pack (12) are disconnected from the neutral line (N).

4. The energy storage system of claim 3, wherein, The switching assembly (13) includes a fifth switching device (K5), a sixth switching device (K6), and a seventh switching device (K7) that are linked together; The fifth switching device (K5) is disposed between the parallel branch formed by the first switching device (K1) and the first diode (D1) and the positive line (P1); The sixth switching device (K6) is disposed between the first battery pack (11) and the neutral line (N), and the sixth switching device (K6) is also disposed between the second battery pack (12) and the neutral line (N); The seventh switching device (K7) is disposed between the parallel branch formed by the second switching device (K2) and the second diode (D2) and the negative line (P2).

5. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein, The battery cluster (10) also includes a first pre-charge branch and a second pre-charge branch; The first precharge branch is disposed between the first battery pack (11) and the positive line (P1), and is connected in parallel with the first switching device (K1) and the first diode (D1), respectively; The second precharge branch is located between the second battery pack (12) and the negative electrode line (P2), and is connected in parallel with the second switching device (K2) and the second diode (D2), respectively.

6. The energy storage system of claim 5, wherein, The first precharge branch includes an eighth switching device (K8) and a first resistor (R1); the second precharge branch includes a ninth switching device (K9) and a second resistor (R2); The eighth switching device (K8) is connected in series with the first resistor (R1); The ninth switching device (K9) is connected in series with the second resistor (R2).

7. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein, The energy storage system also includes a battery management system; The battery management system is connected to each of the first switching devices (K1) and each of the second switching devices (K2) respectively, and the battery management system is used to control the on and off states of each of the first switching devices (K1) and each of the second switching devices (K2).

8. The energy storage system of claim 7, wherein, The battery cluster (10) also includes a first current acquisition chip (H1) and a second current acquisition chip (H2); The first current acquisition chip (H1) is connected to the battery management system. The first current acquisition chip (H1) is disposed between the first battery pack (11) and the positive line (P1). The parallel branch composed of the first switching device (K1) and the first diode (D1) is connected in series with the current acquisition chip. The second current acquisition chip (H2) is connected to the battery management system. The second current acquisition chip (H2) is disposed between the second battery pack (12) and the negative electrode line (P2). The parallel branch composed of the second switching device (K2) and the second diode (D2) is connected in series with the second current acquisition chip (H2).

9. The energy storage system of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The battery cluster (10) also includes a first fuse (F1) and a second fuse (F2); The first fuse (F1) is disposed between the first battery pack (11) and the positive line (P1), and the parallel branch composed of the first switching device (K1) and the first diode (D1) is connected in series with the first fuse (F1); The second fuse (F2) is disposed between the second battery pack (12) and the negative electrode line (P2), and the parallel branch consisting of the second switching device (K2) and the second diode (D2) is connected in series with the second fuse (F2).

10. The energy storage system of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The first battery pack (11) includes a plurality of first batteries (E1) connected in series, and the second battery pack (12) includes a plurality of second batteries (E2) connected in series. The number of first batteries (E1) in the first battery pack (11) is equal to the number of second batteries (E2) in the second battery pack (12).

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